IN THE EVENT OF WAR

sources

By: Rachel Lassinger Pd.3

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Fallout shelter• Enclosed space designed to protect from

radioactive debris or fallout resulting from a nuclear explosion.

• Basic fallout shelters consist of shields that are designed to reduce gamma ray intensity by 50%, resulting from the explosion.

• The government recommended that the fall out shelters be built under the house, like a basement or to be placed in the backyard.

• Ventilation was provided by a hand-cranked blower that was attached by a pipe to a filter mechanism on the surface.

Fallout Shelter cont.

• The basic supplies that were held in the shelters were food, water, and sanitation needs that would last the inhabitants for 2 weeks. – Water was stored in metal 17.5 gallon water barrels.– Food stocks were packaged items such as ration

crackers, wafers, and hard candy. – Sanitation kits contained toiletries, cups, etc. – Medical and Radiation kits were also supplied.

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WD0vV9xrC14

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bz3t4LcXwtE

F.C.D.A.• The organization was created by president

Harry S. Truman on December 1st, 1950. It was called the Federal Civil Defense Administration.

• The FCDA was in charge of providing emergency aid/assistance to all local communities that were effected by disasters.

• Also provided special emergency powers to the FCDA and the president in the event of a national crisis.

FCDA cont.

• The officials of the FCDA claimed that if people were educated and prepared for a nuclear attack, they could survive an atomic bomb thus avoiding the destruction that had occurred at Hiroshima and Nagasaki.

• The FCDA was later called the Office of Civil Defense.

Duck and Cover• Duck and Cover was a suggested method of

personal protection against the effects of a nuclear weapon.

• It was taught to children during school from the 1950s to the 1980s.

• When under attack you were to:– Get on the ground, under some type of cover– Assume the fetal position, covering their heads with

their hands while lying face down.– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IKqXu-5jw60

• “Bert the Turtle” was the mascot of the program.

N.E.A.R.• The National Emergency Alarm Repeater was a civilian

warning device used to warn people in the event of a nuclear attack.

• It was a 2-3” square box that would be plugged into an outlet to receive a special signal sent over the electric power transmission lines.

• There was also a bigger, louder alarm that was sounded before and after the attacks to warn people who would be outside. It is similar to a tornado warning that we would hear today.

• The product, however, was termed “defunct” and was destroyed by their respective managers.

• A similar program was proposed in the United Kingdom during the 1960s.

Bibliography• December 1, 1950: President Truman Establishes

Federal Civil Defense Administration. History comments. Web. 18 Feb. 2010. <http://www.historycommons.org/entity.jsp?entity=federal_civil_defense_administration_1>.

• National Emergency Alarm Repeater. Wikipedia, 16 Dec. 2009. Web. 18 Feb. 2010. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Emergency_Alarm_Repeater>.

• Duck and Cover. Wikipedia, 17 Feb. 2010. Web. 18 Feb. 2010. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duck_and_cover>.

Bibliography cont.

• Travel & History. The Federal Civil Defense Administration, 12 Feb. 2008. Web. 22 Feb. 2010. <http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h3706.html>.

• Civil Defense Museum. Federal Civil Defense Guide Part D, Chapter 3, Appendix 1. Page 5, Dec. 1998. Web. 22 Feb. 2010. <http://www.civildefensemuseum.com/overview.html>.