Slide 2 By: Nesreen Fakhr Planning & Writing a Well
Structured Essay Slide 3 Planning _____________I_____________
Brainstorming Outlining Slide 4 Brainstorming What is
brainstorming? This is a step that occurs after choosing a topic,
as you start to generate the ideas. What are the benefits of
brainstorming? It can make you start writing quickly & saves
time in later stages of writing. Types of brainstorming technique
_____________________________ Listing/Bulleting Freewriting
Clustering/Mapping/ Webbing Slide 5 Clustering/Mapping/Webbing
Slide 6 Outline This stage appears after choosing the topic and
generating ideas by brainstorming. In this stage you arrange the
ideas you generated by brainstorming in the form of an outline.
What is an outline? An outline is a formal plan for a paragraph or
an essay. In an outline you write the main points and the sub
points in the order in which you plan to write about them. How to
form an outline? Step 1: divide the ideas that you generated by
brainstorming into groups after crossing out any irrelevant item.
Step 2: write a topic sentence for each group. Step 3: arrange the
main points and the sub points in each group. Slide 7 Sample
outline I. Introduction A. Thesis statement II. Body A. Point 1 1.
Supporting Information 2. Supporting Information B. Point 2
1.Supporting Information 2.Supporting Information III.
Conclusion/Summary A. Restatement of the thesis statement. B.
Summary of supporting information C. Conclusion reached Slide 8
Newspapers Activity Slide 9 Slide 10 Slide 11 Slide 12 Slide 13
Slide 14 Slide 15 Slide 16 Slide 17 Slide 18 Slide 19 Slide 20 What
can be learnt from this activity The importance of brainstorming
The importance of evaluating the ideas The importance of planning
Slide 21 Writing a well developed essay Introduction Body paragraph
1 Body Paragraph 2 Conclusion Slide 22 Sample Essay 1 Slide 23
Learning something new can be a scary experience. One of the
hardest things I've ever had to do was learn how to swim. I was
always afraid of the water, but I decided that swimming was an
important skill that I should learn. I also thought it would be
good exercise and help me to become physically stronger. What I
didn't realize was that learning to swim would also make me a more
confident person. New situations always make me a bit nervous, and
my first swimming lesson was no exception. After I changed into my
bathing suit in the locker room, I stood timidly by the side of the
pool waiting for the teacher and other students to show up. After a
couple of minutes the teacher came over. She smiled and introduced
herself, and two more students joined us. Although they were both
older than me, they didn't seem to be embarrassed about not knowing
how to swim. I began to feel more at ease. Things were not quite
that easy for me, but the teacher was very patient. After a few
more weeks, when I seemed to have caught on with my legs, she
taught me the arm strokes. Now I had two things to concentrate on,
my arms and my legs. I felt hopelessly uncoordinated. Sooner than I
imagined, however, things began to feel "right" and I was able to
swim! It was a wonderful free feeling - like flying, maybe - to be
able to shoot across the water. We got into the pool, and the
teacher had us put on brightly colored water wings to help us stay
afloat. One of the other students, May, had already taken the
beginning class once before, so she took a kickboard and went
splashing off by herself. The other student, Jerry, and I were told
to hold on to the side of the pool and shown how to kick for the
breaststroke. One by one, the teacher had us hold on to a kickboard
while she pulled it through the water and we kicked. Pretty soon
Jerry was off doing this by himself, traveling at a fast clip
across the short end of the pool. Learning to swim was not easy for
me, but in the end my persistence paid off. Not only did I learn
how to swim and to conquer my fear of the water, but I also learned
something about learning. Now when I am faced with a new situation
I am not so nervous. I may feel uncomfortable to begin with, but I
know that as I practice being in that situation and as my skills
get better, I will feel more and more comfortable. It is a
wonderful, free feeling when you achieve a goal you have set for
yourself. Slide 24 Now try it yourself before checking the answer
Slide 25 Learning something new can be a scary experience. One of
the hardest things I've ever had to do was learn how to swim. I was
always afraid of the water, but I decided that swimming was an
important skill that I should learn. I also thought it would be
good exercise and help me to become physically stronger. What I
didn't realize was that learning to swim would also make me a more
confident person. New situations always make me a bit nervous, and
my first swimming lesson was no exception. After I changed into my
bathing suit in the locker room, I stood timidly by the side of the
pool waiting for the teacher and other students to show up. After a
couple of minutes the teacher came over. She smiled and introduced
herself, and two more students joined us. Although they were both
older than me, they didn't seem to be embarrassed about not knowing
how to swim. I began to feel more at ease. We got into the pool,
and the teacher had us put on brightly colored water wings to help
us stay afloat. One of the other students, May, had already taken
the beginning class once before, so she took a kickboard and went
splashing off by herself. The other student, Jerry, and I were told
to hold on to the side of the pool and shown how to kick for the
breaststroke. One by one, the teacher had us hold on to a kickboard
while she pulled it through the water and we kicked. Pretty soon
Jerry was off doing this by himself, traveling at a fast clip
across the short end of the pool. Things were not quite that easy
for me, but the teacher was very patient. After a few more weeks,
when I seemed to have caught on with my legs, she taught me the arm
strokes. Now I had two things to concentrate on, my arms and my
legs. I felt hopelessly uncoordinated. Sooner than I imagined,
however, things began to feel "right" and I was able to swim! It
was a wonderful free feeling - like flying, maybe - to be able to
shoot across the water. Learning to swim was not easy for me, but
in the end my persistence paid off. Not only did I learn how to
swim and to conquer my fear of the water, but I also learned
something about learning. Now when I am faced with a new situation
I am not so nervous. I may feel uncomfortable to begin with, but I
know that as I practice being in that situation and as my skills
get better, I will feel more and more comfortable. It is a
wonderful, free feeling when you achieve a goal you have set for
yourself. Slide 26 Another Sample Essay Slide 27 I first believe
that abortion should remain legal because there are many people who
have financial problems, which create many problems in a baby's
life. Financial problems result in malnutrition and unhealthy
living environments, which could cause a premature death for the
baby and leave the parent traumatized. For example, in the 1950's,
when I was growing up, abortion was illegal. My next-door neighbor
was extremely poor; however, she was pregnant. She had little
income and many bills. Despite her financial problems, she had no
choice but to have the baby. After a few months, the baby died from
sudden infant death syndrome because the mother was unable to
afford proper nutrients to feed her baby. As a result, my next-door
neighbor had a nervous breakdown and was institutionalized. If
abortion were legal, she could have prevented this dramatizing
experience. Although there are many debates as to whether or not
abortion should be outlawed, I believe that financial problems,
rape, and life threatening complications during childbirth are
adequate reasons to keep abortion legal. If my neighbor would have
had an abortion, she could have been spared a lifetime of torment
and self-blame. Furthermore, if Rose would not have had an
abortion, then surely her child would have had severe mental
defects and suffered greatly traveling with Rose into darkness.
Last, the ten-year-old child from the book would have been spared
being sent to a foster home if his mother would have listened to
the doctors and had the abortion in the first place. As you can
see, abortion truly can have positive affects by saving lives in
more than one way. Slide 28 Over the years abortion has been a very
controversial topic. It is all the more controversial because there
is no clear answer as to whether or not abortion is morally right.
As a result of this ambiguity, the argument as to whether or not
abortion should remain legal continues. For many people, abortion
should be illegal because to them it is murder. On the other hand,
many people believe that it should remain legal because of issues
such as freedom of choice. Despite the many controversies of
abortion, I believe that abortion should remain legal because many
people have financial problems, incidents of rape, and predictions
that the mother may have life threatening complications during the
labor. I further believe that abortion should remain legal because
of uncontrollable situations like rape. Rape can cause the mother
to have many mental complications. Consider the movie The Cider
House Rules. In the movie, Rose Rose's father, Mr. Rose, rapes her,
and she becomes pregnant. Consequently, Rose becomes very
depressed. During the time period of this movie, abortion was also
illegal. Either way, Rose has an illegal abortion. Rose, after the
abortion, kills her father, and disappears into darkness. Now,
imagine the kind of life Rose's baby would have had if Rose did not
have an abortion. Slide 29 I finally believe that abortion should
be kept legal because of predictions that the mother may die giving
birth. A mother who is told that she is going to die giving birth
may already have three kids and/or a husband. The children would
probably suffer very much if their mother died during childbirth.
To illustrate, I read a book that was about a mother who was about
to have a second child. The mother already had a child who was ten
years old. The doctors told the mother that there are complications
in her womb, and if she goes through with the labor she may die.
The doctors tried to convince her that an abortion would be best,
but she refused. The mother did go into labor and dies. She left
her ten-year-old son behind, and the ten-year-old son had no choice
but to be placed in foster care. Should the mother have had the
abortion, then she could have survived and raise her son. Slide 30
Now try it yourself before checking the answer Slide 31 Over the
years abortion has been a very controversial topic. It is all the
more controversial because there is no clear answer as to whether
or not abortion is morally right. As a result of this ambiguity,
the argument as to whether or not abortion should remain legal
continues. For many people, abortion should be illegal because to
them it is murder. On the other hand, many people believe that it
should remain legal because of issues such as freedom of choice.
Despite the many controversies of abortion, I believe that abortion
should remain legal because many people have financial problems,
incidents of rape, and predictions that the mother may have life
threatening complications during the labor. I first believe that
abortion should remain legal because there are many people who have
financial problems, which create many problems in a baby's life.
Financial problems result in malnutrition and unhealthy living
environments, which could cause a premature death for the baby and
leave the parent traumatized. For example, in the 1950's, when I
was growing up, abortion was illegal. My next-door neighbor was
extremely poor; however, she was pregnant. She had little income
and many bills. Despite her financial problems, she had no choice
but to have the baby. After a few months, the baby died from sudden
infant death syndrome because the mother was unable to afford
proper nutrients to feed her baby. As a result, my next-door
neighbor had a nervous breakdown and was institutionalized. If
abortion were legal, she could have prevented this dramatizing
experience. Slide 32 I further believe that abortion should remain
legal because of uncontrollable situations like rape. Rape can
cause the mother to have many mental complications. Consider the
movie The Cider House Rules. In the movie, Rose Rose's father, Mr.
Rose, rapes her, and she becomes pregnant. Consequently, Rose
becomes very depressed. During the time period of this movie,
abortion was also illegal. Either way, Rose has an illegal
abortion. Rose, after the abortion, kills her father, and
disappears into darkness. Now, imagine the kind of life Rose's baby
would have had if Rose did not have an abortion. I finally believe
that abortion should be kept legal because of predictions that the
mother may die giving birth. A mother who is told that she is going
to die giving birth may already have three kids and/or a husband.
The children would probably suffer very much if their mother died
during childbirth. To illustrate, I read a book that was about a
mother who was about to have a second child. The mother already had
a child who was ten years old. The doctors told the mother that
there are complications in her womb, and if she goes through with
the labor she may die. The doctors tried to convince her that an
abortion would be best, but she refused. The mother did go into
labor and dies. She left her ten-year-old son behind, and the
ten-year-old son had no choice but to be placed in foster care.
Should the mother have had the abortion, then she could have
survived and raise her son. Slide 33 Although there are many
debates as to whether or not abortion should be outlawed, I believe
that financial problems, rape, and life threatening complications
during childbirth are adequate reasons to keep abortion legal. If
my neighbor would have had an abortion, she could have been spared
a lifetime of torment and self-blame. Furthermore, if Rose would
not have had an abortion, then surely her child would have had
severe mental defects and suffered greatly traveling with Rose into
darkness. Last, the ten-year-old child from the book would have
been spared being sent to a foster home if his mother would have
listened to the doctors and had the abortion in the first place. As
you can see, abortion truly can have positive affects by saving
lives in more than one way. Slide 34 References Oshima, A. &
Hogue, A. Introduction to Academic Writing: Second Ed. New York,
USA. Addison Wesley Longman, 1997.
http://www.essaywritinghelp.com/outline.htm
http://ydiller.cukurova.edu.tr/Exams/NARRATIVE.pdf
http://writing.wikinut.com/How-to-Write-a-Well-
Developed-And-Organized-Argumentative-Essay-5- Paragraphs/1q_254oa/
http://writing.wikinut.com/How-to-Write-a-Well-
Developed-And-Organized-Argumentative-Essay-5- Paragraphs/1q_254oa/
Slide 35 Thank you
