Chemistry

Alkyls and prefixes Methyl CEthyl C2Propyl C3Butyl C4Pentyl C5Hexyl C6Heptyl C7Octyl C8Nonyl C9Decyl C10

Di = 2Tri= 3tetra = 4

Alkane RulesFind largest continuous chain of carbon in a moleculeNumber the carbons in the main chain, so the branched off groups have the lowest numbersAdd the numbers so that you are able to identify the hydrogens position on the chainUse prefixes to indicate the appearance of a group more than once in the structureAlphabetize the groups coming offAdd punctuation:Commas separate the numbersHyphens separate numbers and words

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Resources/References https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rZ2zpzv4IsIhttp://www.abcte.org/drupal/teach/chemistry-standards Book: Essentials of General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry by: Melvin T. ArmoldClip art for audioAll written information was frommyself (expect the content standards and what organic chemistry was)Most images were from clip art and a few were from Google.

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Example1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8C C C C C C C C I I I C C C I C5-ethyl 6,7 dimethyl octane

Explanation 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8C C C C C C C C I I I C C C I C5-ethyl 6,7 dimethyl octane

Octane is the parent functionMethyl has only one carbon and since there are two sets of methyl, you just put the prefix di in front of the methyl. Then you just put the numbers the in front of your prefix.Ethyl has 2 carbons attached to it. You use biggest number of Cs first and then go to least amount

Alkenes Has a double bonded carbon (C C)Naming:Longest chain, must contain a double bond-ane changes to eneDouble bond gets lowest numberExample: 1 2 3 42,3 dimethyl 2 hexeneC C C C I I I C C C 5 l C 6

Alkyne Has a triple bond (C C)Naming:Triple bond gets lower numberMain chain must contain the triple bondChange ane to -yne

C C I IC C C C C C I I C C I C 4-ethyl 4,5,5- trimethyl 2 hexyne

First QuizSingle, double, or triple bonded:Alkyne:Alkane:Alkene:Answers: a. triple, b. single, c. double

Name the chain:

C IC C = C C C C C I I IC C C I C

Answer: 4- ethyl 1,1,5 trimethyl 2 heptene

Rings In the shape of how many Cs there areWould still use the ane, -ene, or yne depending upon how many bonds, but would need to add cyclo- to the front. **Each corner represents a C

1 2

6 3

5 4 1 - cylcohexene

Benzene can be represented by: orWhen they are the main chain they are called benzene BUT if they are in a croup that comes off then it is called Phenyl

Halogens

Br bromoCl ChloroF fluoroI iodio

**Is located in family 7 on the periodic table.

1- bromo 3 chloro - benzenePeriodic tableThey are also natural gases

FinalName:A. C C C C = C C I I I C Fl C

B. C C C C I

C. Make this: 3 chloro 3, 5 diethyl 4 Pentane Answers: 4 fluoro - 3, 5 di methyl 2 hexene

2 phenyl butane

Cl I C C C C C I I C C I I C C C.

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