MARXISM Represents an economic and socio-political movement
that contains within it a political ideology for how to change and
improve society by implementing socialism. The theory itself
originally developed in the early 19 th century by two German
emigrants Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels.
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KARL MARX (1818-1883) Karl Marx best known not as a philosopher
but as a revolutionary communist, whose works inspired the
foundation of many communist regimes in the twentieth century. Karl
Marx was born in Trier, in the German Rhineland. Studied law in
Bonn and Berlin Karl Marx also published various books during his
lifetime with the most notable being The Communist Manifesto (1848)
and Capital (1867-1894) many of which were co-written with his
friend, the fellow German revolutionary socialist Friedrich Engel
s.
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FRIEDRICH ENGELS (1820- 1895) German social scientist, author,
political theorist, philosopher, and father of communist theory,
alongside Karl Marx. Friedrich, the eldest son of a successful
German industrialist, was born in Barmen in 1820. As a young man
his father sent him to England to help manage his cotton-factory in
Manchester. In 1844 Engels began contributing to a radical journal
called Franco-German Annals that was being edited by Karl Marx in
Paris, later Engels and Marx became close friends. Engels shared
Marxs views on capitalism and They decided to work together.
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MARXISM Marxist analysis leads to the conclusion that
capitalism, the currently dominant form of economic management,
leads to the oppression of the proletariat, who not only make up
the majority of the worlds population but who also spend their
lives working for the benefit of the bourgeoisie, or wealthy ruling
class in society.
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THEORETICAL WORKS The Communist Manifesto A Contribution to the
Critique of Political Economy Das Capital The Eighteenth Brumaire
of Louis Napoleon Grundrisse The German ideology Economic and
Philosophical Manuscripts of 1844 Theses on Feuerbach
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MARXIST ECONOMIC STATEMENTS *Scientific socialism (an economic
and political theory advocating public or common ownership and
cooperative management of the means of production any allocation of
resources). *Economic determinism (the belief that economic
organization of a society determines the nature of all other
aspects of its life). *Labor power and law value (labor refers to
the actual activity or effort of producing goods or services,
according to Marx use-values).
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MARXIST ECONOMIC STATEMENTS Means of production a physical,
non-human inputs used in production the factories, machines, and
tools used to produce wealth along with both infrastructural
capital and natural capital. Mode of production refers to a
specific combination 1)Productive forces (human labor power and the
means of production including tools, equipment, building and
technologies, materials, improved land).
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2) Social and technical relations of production including
property, power and control relations governing societys productive
asserts, often codified in law, cooperative work relations and
forms of association, relations between people and the objects of
their work, and the relations between social classes. *Surplus
labor and surplus value *Transformation
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MARXIST THEORY: COMMUNIST REGIMES IN THE 20 TH CENTURY Present
communist states: *China *Cuba *Laos *Vietnam Elected communist
parties by country: *Cyprus *Nepal *Moldova * Venezuela
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FORMERLY COMMUNIST COUNTRIES Afghanistan Chechoslovakia Romania
Albania Hungary Somalia Angola East Germany South Yemen Benin
Ethiopia Soviet Union Bulgaria Mongolia Yugoslavia Cambodia
Mozambique Congo Poland
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THE RESULT OF MARXISTS COMMUNISM
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