By. Kaitlin Cordina, Lindsay Dolan, April Leonard

Standard 10.1 1. Differences in Judeo-Christian and Greco- Roman views of law,

reason and faith, and individual duties were…- Judeo- Christian-> faith, values individual - Greco-Roman- >reason, values state 2. The Western political ideas on the rule of law and

illegitimacy of tyranny were…- Plato somewhat invented the rule of law by himself. This was

used in the government and had to do with a lot of political thinking. The thoughts of Aristotle basically developed the illegitimacy of tyranny.

3. The influence of the U.S. Constitution on political systems in the contemporary world were…

- Created Federal Republic- Gave people rights that the Government must protect - Provided an elected president, not a monarch

Standards 10.2 1. Philosopher ideas and their effects on Democratic

Revolutions

John Locke- protecting rights of people (life, liberty, property, and the pursuit of happiness)

Montesquieu- checks and balances. Used in U.S. Government today

Rousseau- Social contract were people were born good and changed bad by society

Bolivar- wanted to bring liberty to South America, helped give people ideas of freedom from another country

Jefferson- wrote Declaration of Independence. Protected peoples rights

Madison- wrote Constitution, Protected peoples rights

10.2 cont.2. Principles of… Magna Carta- Made Kings live

by rules and not the divine right of kings

English Bill of Rights- Declaring the Rights and Liberties of the Subject and Settling the Succession of the Crown

American Declaration of Independence- gave freedom to America from England

French Declaration of the Rights of Man and citizen- defining the individual and collective rights of all the estates of the realm as universal.

U.S. Bill of Rights- prohibits Congress from making any law respecting an establishment of religion, forbids infringement of the right to keep and bear arms, and more

10.2 cont.3. Unique characteristics of American Revolution- The character of the revolution was that is was the first real

civil war about independences in a country As other countries saw the result of this revolution they had

thoughts of their own revolution Ex. French Revolution

4. French Revolution led France to develop from constitutional monarchy to democratic despotism to the Napoleonic Empire

The French were eager for a change in the monarchy and the first chance they got for a non-king was when Napoleon came to rule. They didn’t see the destruction of Napoleon, only that he said that they were free

10.2 cont.

5. Nationalism spread across Europe with Napoleon but was repressed for a generation under the Congress of Vienna and Concert of Europe until the Revolutions of 1848

Napoleon spread the idea of Nationalism, how Europe is the superior country.

After his down-fall, the Congress of Vienna and Concert of Europe discouraged it so another dictator doesn’t return to power.

This kept going until the revolutions of 1848

Standard 10.3

Why was England 1st to industrialize?

Natural resources Human resources Money (capital) and demand

for goods were high Raw materials were being

imported world wide Strong government

How technology and forms of energy brought change.

James Watt improved steam engine led to advancement of Industrial Revolution

Eli Whitney invented cotton gin interchangeable parts

Henry Bessemer mass-produced steel skyscrapers

Louis Pasteur created pasteurization better health

Thomas Edison invented the light bulb and phonograph led to electrical age

Standard 10. 3 cont.

Population, migration, and city growth during the Industrial

Revolution

Population:

It grew due to the increasing supply of goods and services

Migration to cities:

People moved from rural areas to urban communities in search of better jobs, work and lifestyle

Growth of work and labor

End to slave trade:

Great Britain was too preoccupied with opening markets and manufacturing goods (economy)

Mining and manufacturing:

Coal mining and cotton textiles Division of labor:

People of all ages worked to produce goods

Union Movement:

Defended rights of workers who were treated poorly

Standard 10. 3 cont.

Connections

Natural resources:

Provided for a growing economy of goods

Entrepreneurship:

Employees of producing helped to sell items

Labor:

People worked together to produce goods

Capital:

Money was used to buy goods

Development and responses of Capitalism

Utopianism: not real according to capitalism

Social Democracy: brings people together to decide as one

Socialism: Government actually plans, regulates, and manages economy

Communism: state controls economy and all goods are equally shared by people

Standard 10.3 cont.From Classicism to Romanticism and social criticism

William Blake poetry described the lives of people in a way that sensed his disapproval of changes during the Industrial Revolution

William Wordsworth tells people they are losing sight of what is really important: God and nature. Also gives expression of how money and industry negatively impacted the world

Charles Dickens his novels revealed the social and economic downfalls triggered by industrialization

Classicism order, balance, discipline, perfection, tradition.

Romanticism expressive thoughts and feelings; “sincere” artwork; individualism; love and nature

Social Criticism based off of realism, which was a controversy for romanticism

Change:

ClassicismPeople wanted more power from royalty Romanticism valued ordinary people

Standards 10. 4

#1 The rise of industrial economies and their link to imperialism and colonialism

European nations took control of much of Africa, Asia, and Latin America and enforced imperialism (nation dominating the politics, economy, and society of another nation )

European nations sought raw materials and new markets for industry

The leaders also though that this was all dew to Social Darwinism – survive of the fittest

10.4 cont.

#2 The locations of the colonial rule of such nations as England, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands, Russia, Spain, Portugal, and U.S.

Great Britain- colonized more land than the other nations

South America- controlled mainly by the Spanish and Portuguese

Africa- meant to be divided by the nations

U.S. acquired the Asian island nation of the Philippines and used it mainly for the sugar crops

Colonizing Nation

In Africa.. In Asia… In South America…

Great Britain X X X

France X X X

Germany X X

Italy X

Japan X

The Netherlands

X X

Belgium X

Spain X X

Portugal X X

Standard 10.4

Imperialism

Colonized:

Their new traditions and customs were brought into play; enjoyed healthier, happier lives, more leisure time; denied free trade

Colonizers:

Their language and religion replaced language and customs of the original native born people who provided a cheap labor source to the colonizers.

Colonial Rule

Immediate responses:

Brought new ideas. Technical demands and administration increased.

Long-term responses:

Few countries remained independent; race became of new topic (borrowing customs and ideas)

10.4 cont.

#4 Describe the independence struggles of the colonized regions of the world, including roles of leaders and the roles of ideology and religion

China-

Achieved independence: From the Qing Dynasty, 1911

Key leader: Sun-Yat Sen, attended school in Hawaii, were he learned about western government

Ideology: three principles of people, freedom from inperialism India-

Achieved independence: from Great Britain, 1947

Key leader: Mohandas Gandhi, was a greatly respected leader because of his deep religious faith

Ideology: civil disobedience- the choice to disobey an unjust law, in public and in a spirit of nonviolence

Reasons why war was started 10.5 #1 Arguments as to why war was started

Aggressive nationalism ○ Nations feared uprisings from lower classes and together felt very strong

hate toward there enemy countries

Pressure for Peace Governments backed peace efforts and no matter how hard they tried to keep

the peace it didn’t work against the strong forces going for it.

Economic and Imperial rivalries ○ Were a big role Britain felt threatened by Germany’s economic growth and for

having taken their spot with the high industrial leaders

Militarism and the arms race As countries increased their weapon power the other countries felt threatened and in

turn increased their military power which increased suspicion

Tangling alliances Propaganda was used in countries and they would say bad things on posters or

songs about another rival country

10.5 #2 Principle theaters of battle Major turning points

The American’s joining the war brought soldiers and citizens a boosted morale to see so many people excited to fight and such strong and healthy soldiers. Which was a major turning point. The battle of Verdun between the German and French was also a major turning point.

Geographic locationsSome of the two major geographic locations during

world war I were the Western and Eastern Front. During the long winters they stopped fighting and the area where there trenches where were in places called “no mans land” because it was empty land.

10.5 # 3 United States enter the war

The Americans entering the war was helpful to the citizens and soldiers, it helped boost their morale to see new soldiers that were excited and ready to fight.

Russian Revolution The Russian revolution caused the overthrow of the

Czar and then Lenin the next leader promised that when he came to power that he would pull out the troops and he followed through with that.

Overall those two major events effected the outcome of the war.

10.5 # 4 The Nature of the war

The nature of the war was nasty and brutal, they would bomb and shoot each other and killed millions of people. More than 8.5 million people were dead.

Many soldiers used trench warfare technique which were trenches dug into the ground that the soldiers lived, ate and fought in. The trenches were very dirty and unsanitary

Colonial peoplesPeople in colonies fought wars on their countries

side thinking that they would gain territory by helping out in the fighting.

10.5 # 5

Human rights violations and genocide The Armenian Genocide, the first

genocide of the 20th Century, occurred when two million Armenians living in Turkey were eliminated from their historic homeland through forced deportations and massacres.

10.6 # 1 The Treaty of Versailles

Was a peace treaty signed after world war I ended in 1918. It was signed between Germany and the Allies. Many countries wanted Germany to pay for the was reparations because they say they were the main starters of the war.

Woodrow Wilson’s Fourteen points Woodrow Wilson was the president of the united states at the

time and he presented his fourteen points toward achieving peace. He was also one of the three at the Paris Peace Conference.

United States rejection of The League of Nations The united states rejected the league of nations because of

disillusionment with war and its consequences the United States and its consequences the United States chose to play a lone hand in World affairs.

10.6 # 2 Effects of War

Some effects of war were major was reparations, the emergence of the United States and Japan as major powers. The Growth of nationalism in colonies and the league of nations.

Resulting Peace Treaties The treaty of Versailles, and mandates were formed

Shifts in Geographic borders Three new republics were formed Czechoslovakia,

Austria and Hungary rose in the old Hapsburg heartland. Other new borders that were created were the Slav state Yugoslavia which was dominated by Serbia.

10.6 # 3

Widespread disillusionment Since many countries and states were in a

bad situation totalitarian leaders or dictators would tell the citizen that life will get better and that they will have jobs but in turn they were just lying because they knew that the devastated people would do any thing to get out of the hard times they were dealing with.

10.6 # 4 Influence of World War I on… Art Art from World War I made soldiers look like robots and

Futurism became the new style of painting. Literature Most writers wrote about the hard times that were coming

and the hard times that had past they also wrote about the soldiers that gave up there lives to fight for there country.

Intellectual life Many people were depressed and devastated by the

outcome of the war. They were either alone or with there few friends that survived.