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By Corina Bot
Kinematic Equations and Projectile Motion
Projectile Motion
The speed in the x-direction is constant; in the y-direction the object moves with constant acceleration g.This photograph shows two balls that start to fall at the same time. The one on the right has an initial speed in the x-direction. It can be seen that vertical positions of the two balls are identical at identical times, while the horizontal position of the yellow ball increases linearly.wikipedia.org
- Package follows a parabolic path and remains directly below the plane at all times.
- As the package falls, it undergoes a vertical acceleration; there is a change in its vertical velocity.
- This vertical acceleration is attributed to the downward force of gravity which acts upon the package.
http://www.physicsclassroom.com/
- A cannonball being launched at an angle from a cannon atop of a very high cliff.- The cannonball follows a parabolic path.- As the cannonball rises towards its peak,
it undergoes a downward acceleration. An upwardly moving cannonball which is slowing down is said to be undergoing a downward acceleration.
Kinematic Equations for Constant Acceleration in Two Dimensionsx Component (horizontal) y Component (vertical)
vx = vxo + axt vy = vyo + aytx = xo + vxot + ½ axt2 y = yo + vyot + ½ ayt2
vx = vxo + 2ax(x – xo) vy = vyo + 2ay(y – yo)
v0x
v0y
vq0
http://www.physicsclassroom.com/
A child sits upright in a wagon which is moving to the right at constant speed as shown. The child extends her hand and throws an apple straight upward (from her own point of view), while the wagon continues to travel forward at constant speed. If air resistance is neglected, will the apple land (a) behind the wagon, (b) in the wagon, or (c) in front of the wagon?
Conceptual Example 3-6/pag. 59: Where does the apple land?
"Physics" by Giancoli, 6th ed.
A child sits upright in a wagon which is moving to the right at constant speed v0=20m/s, as indicated. The child extends her hand and throws an apple at an angle a = 27⁰, while the wagon continues to travel forward at constant speed. If air resistance is neglected, calculate distance traveled by the cart until apple reaches back the child’s hand.
22
2
1sin
2
10
cos
tgtvtgtvy
tvtvdx
ooy
oox
t = ?d = ?
Particular equationsd=?
v0x
v0yv0
a x
y
time = t
General equations
20
0
2
1tatvy
tvx
y
x
v0=20m/s
a = 27⁰
d = ?
22
2
1sin
2
10
cos
tgtvtgtvy
tvtvdx
ooy
oox
t = ?d = ?
Particular equations
)1(82.17
27cos20
cos
cos
ts
md
ts
md
tvd
tvtvdx
o
oox
From horizontal (x) equation:
st
t
t
ttt
ts
mt
s
m
tgtv
tgtvtgtvy
o
ooy
85.1
07.99.4
09.407.9
:09.407.9
08.92
127sin20
02
1sin
2
1sin
2
10
2
22
2
22
From vertical (y) equation:
Substitute t in equation (3) to get d:
md
ss
md
ts
md
9.32
8.182.17
82.17
d=?v0x
v0yv0
a x
y
time = t
v0=20m/s
a = 27⁰
d = ?