Unit 1.5: World Religions Review

By Chloe DeRosa and Petra Contreras

Important PeopleJesus: Central figure of Christian religion. He

conducted a mission of preaching and healing (with reported miracles)

Siddhartha Gautama: Founded Buddhism renounced his wealth to seek enlightenment

Jesus Siddhartha Gautama

Holy BooksBible: Sacred text of ChristianityTorah: Sacred scripture recording laws and

events in Jewish historyQuran: Islamic worshipers follow the

scriptures of the holy bookSharia: Collection of Islamic laws

Quran

Other TermsReincarnation: Spirits return to earth many

times in different formsTriptaka: Sacred Buddhist text collected after

Buddha died. It contains his teachings recorded by his followers

Pilgrimage: Journey to a sacred placeMecca: a city in Western Saudi Arabia;

birthplace of the prophet Muhammad and most holy city for Islamic people

IslamOriginated in the Middle East around 622 CE. The prophet Muhammad founded Islam on a sacred

journey called hijra.Quran is the scripture that the followers of Islam

study and practice.Sharia is the set of laws of IslamBasic Islamic faith is stated in The Five Pillars:

Faith in one God, Allah. MONOTHEISTIC. Five times daily prayer toward MeccaHelp for the poorFasting during the holy month of RamadanPilgrimage to holy city of Mecca

BuddhismFounded when Siddhartha Gautama renounced his

wealth to seek spiritual enlightenment in 560 BCE.Siddhartha Gautama (Buddha) meditated under a

tree for some time. The legend of Buddha says that he was visited by

both bad and good spirits. Eventually he reached enlightenment and he founded the Four Noble Truths, which is what the religion is based on.

Buddhist believe that if you follow the Eight Fold Path to reach enlightenment. Also meditation is a very important part of Buddhist culture.

HinduismVery similar to Buddhism.Has no single founder.Originated when Harappan and Aryan cultures

mixed in ancient India around 1500 BCE.PolytheisticBelief of one unifying spirit called Brahman. The

spirit can manifest in many different forms Based on concept of reincarnation. Move closer to Brahman based on law of Karma. Dharma (duties based on gender, position, and

occupation)

ChristianityIt originated from Judaism about 30 CE. Believed that Jesus was the Messiah, or

savior. They believed that he was sent by God to bring eternal life to his followers.

Jesus accepted the 10 Commandments (also adopted by Jewish faith)

Sacred text is the Bible.

Judaism Originated around 1000 BCEMonotheisticSacred text is the TorahTen commandments given by God through

Moses to the Hebrews. Covenant or promise to Abraham to be the

God of the Hebrews. Homeland is Israel.

Study Guide Questions

What are the 5 major world religions?IslamBuddhismChristianityJudaismHinduism

Name each religion’s holy book, founder, and date of origin

Religion Holy Book Founder Date of Origin

Islam Quran Muhammad 622 CE

Buddhism Tripitaka Siddhartha Gautama

560 BCE

Hinduism Four Vedas No Single Founder

1500 BCE

Christianity Bible Jesus 30 CE

Judaism Torah Abraham/Moses

1000 BCE

What are the Five Pillars of Islam?Faith in one God, Allah. MONOTHEISTIC. Five times daily prayer toward MeccaHelp for the poorFasting during the holy month of RamadanPilgrimage to holy city of Mecca

What is the founding story of Buddhism?Siddhartha Gautama (Buddha) meditated

under a tree for some time. The legend of Buddha says that he was visited by both bad and good spirits. Eventually he reached enlightenment and he founded the Four Noble Truths, which is what the religion is based on.

What are the similarities between Buddhism and Christianity

Christianity and Buddhism both have laws: Ten Commandments and the Eight-Fold Path.

Belief in one god-like figure: Buddha and GodHave holy books: Tripitaka and Bible

That’s all there is to it!Good luck on the final exam!!!

Love, Petra and Chloe