BY: ANDREA K.

ATPase

http://jeb.biologists.org/content/212/11/1604/F1.large.jpg

http://www.nature.com/nrm/journal/v8/n11/images/nrm2272-f1.jpg

Proteins

Constructed: One or more unbranched chains of amino acids in a precise sequence that allow it to fold up into its particular shape

Synthesis: accomplished through a process called translation. After DNA is transcribed into a messenger RNA molecule during transcription, the mRNA must be translated to produce a protein.

Every function in a living cell depends on proteins

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK26911/http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/P/Proteins.html

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0f/Peptide_syn.png

Enzymes

Function as catalysts in which speed up chemical reactions

Major types in the human body: Digestive, Metabolic, and food enzymes

The active site has a specific shape that fits with certain substrates or reactants.

Function to alter the chemical bonds in the substrates, causing the form of a new bond, which creates a new molecule.

After the enzymes function to create products, they return to their original shapes.

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http://www.wisegeek.com/how-do-enzymes-function.htm#didyouknowout

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Inducedfit080.png/350px-Inducedfit080.png

ATP

ATP Adenosine Triphosphate High-energy molecule that drives

cellular reactionsConsidered the energy currency

of life; the most commonly used "energy source" of cells for most organisms.

It is present in the cytoplasm and nucleoplasm of every

All physiological mechanisms that require energy for operation obtain it directly from stored ATP

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http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/biology/atp.html

http://keepinapbiologyreal.wikispaces.com/file/view/atp.jpg/199338498/atp.jpg

ATPase

It is an enzyme that catalyzes the decomposition of ATP to ADP, with a free phosphate ion

Function: Imports the metabolites necessary for cell metabolism and releases toxins, wastes, and solutes that can hinder cellular processes.

http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/biology/atp.html

http://2012books.lardbucket.org/books/introduction-to-chemistry-general-organic-and-biological/section_23/7129ad4acf8ba59772ab4d1faac5783f.jpg

Blue, Pink, and Tan-> represent the subunits also the polypeptide chains

The twirled strands -> represent alpha helices

ATPase Structure

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Structure/mmdb/mmdbsrv.cgi?uid=114002

ATPase #2

History: Discovered by Jens Christian Skou in 1957

ATPase is found in eubacterial, archaebacterial, and eukaryotic species

In a large number of cellular processes, such as protein degradation, vesicle fusion, cell cycle control, and cellular secretory processes

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jens_Christian_Skou http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1997/skou.jpg

ATPase #3

Used for: Imports the metabolites necessary for cell metabolism and releases toxins, wastes, and solutes that can hinder cellular processes. Mainly eukaryotic purposes. BUT, other categories of transmembrane ATPase include co-transporters and pumps. Some cause a net flow of charge, but others do not. These are called "electrogenic" and "nonelectrogenic" transporters.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATPase

http://www.cvphysiology.com/Arrhythmias/A007b.htm

Reaction it catalyzes

It is an enzyme that catalyzes the decomposition of ATP to ADP, with a free phosphate ion

http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter10/animation__breakdown_of_atp_and_cross-bridge_movement_during_muscle_contraction.html

http://www.sciencelearn.org.nz/var/sciencelearn/storage/images/contexts/digestion-chemistry/sci-media/images/unlocking-atp-energy/489218-1-eng-NZ/Unlocking-ATP-energy.jpg

Video of ATP -> ADP

https://www.inkling.com/read/marks-medical-biochemistry-lieberman-marks-4th/chapter-19/figure-19-4

Environmental Factors

Increase or decrease in pHPresence of inhibitors Temperature increase or decrease

http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/165/1001/497.abstract http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/aa/VATPase-en.png/806px-VATPase-en.png

Video and Quiz!

http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter10/animation__breakdown_of_atp_and_cross-bridge_movement_during_muscle_contraction.html