By: Aaron Gee, Eric Lee, and James

Watanabe

Tank History

First used at Battle of Flers September 15-22, 1916

First major success was at Battle of Cambrai

November 20 – December 6, 1917 First tank battle at Second battle of

Villers-Bretonneux April 24-27, 1918

Different types

Little Willie / Mark I First British Tank

Mark V British Tank

Renault FT17 French tank

A7V German Tank

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mailer.fsu.edu

www.ramsdale.org

Impact

Brought an end to trench warfare Thousands of tanks made contribution

to British and French war effort Still used today

How Machine Guns Operate Two types of how machine guns received

energy Recoil system

Bolt locks to barrel Stays together moving forward and back

creating energy Gas System

Pressure of exploding gas drives piston Piston fires back a bolt to back of gun

which provides energy Both systems had cycles repeat over and

over again to fire bullets continuously

Before and During Before World War 1

Two armies charging at each other in an open field with mostly single fire muskets

Stabbed at each other with bayonets Lots of land gained at end of war

During World War 1 Machine guns kill thousands of men in an

open field Caused enemies to build trenches in

order to protect themselves from machine gun fire

Gained little land since both armies were stuck in trenches and became very hard to advance

How the Machine Gun Helped Led to invention of tanks and gas warfare

Made stalemates in trenches so people had to think of new ways of killing each other

Created an anti-aircraft weapon for ships and land bases

Created a weapon on airplanes instead of bombs

Were much more effective in killing masses of platoons or battalions than single firing guns

Machine Guns

British machine gunners wearing gas masks

German machine crew in trench

Aircraft fitted with quick-firing machine gun

A Browning machine gun and rifle

Types of Poisonous GasMustard Gas (C6H8CI2S):•Blistering agent•Caused skin to blister away, temporary blindness, uncontrollable watering of the eyes, and vomiting

Chlorine/Phosgene Gas:•Chocking agent•Burns or seriously damages respiratory system of whoever inhaled it

Blood Agents:•Interfered with the level of oxygen in the blood of the victim•Lessened oxygen levels killing victim of oxygen loss

VX (C11H26NO2PS):•Nerve Agent•Killed through loss of consciousness, impairment of normal breathing, and suffocating

http://www.firstworldwar.com/photos/graphics/cnp_gas_aeroplane_01.jpg

Gas Attack on the Western Front

British Hypo Helmet Earliest protection used Had some protection with eye pieces Weak but broke easily

Small Box Respirator Invented after and worked better than the Hypo Helmet Protected whole face, eyes, and hands

Anti-Gas Chemicals All masked were dipped in these chemicals Consisted of sodium hyposulphite, washing soda, glycerin,

and water What to do without a mask?

All soldiers carried two masks (in case one was defective) If without a mask, soldiers were instructed to place a urine

filled cloth all over their face

Types of Protection Against Poisonous Gas

http://www.firstworldwar.com/photos/graphics/ww_man_horse_mask_01.jpg

Masks and Helmets were used by all even horses

Created By scientists in labs by combining different

chemicals with each other at different temperatures

Germans were the first to create poisonous gas

Used Tear-Gas shells were fired in artillery pieces or

released from canisters in the front line Releasing gas after explosions were not

effective The explosion dispersed the gas too much

making it not potent enough to do any damage

Not until the Battle of Verdun in 1916 did the explosive to gas ratio was perfected

How was Poisonous Gas Created and Used?

http://www.worldwar1.com/arm006.htm

A makeshift German gas laboratory near the front

1,200,000 people were gassed in World War 1 91,200 of which died

Forced enemy to invent protection against the gases Caused enemy to not properly follow orders Not used in World War 2 Use of poisonous gas was banned by Germany in 1925

Effects of Poisonous Gas

WWI C as ualties

P oisonous G as

O therWeapons

96.75%

3.25%

Slides Tanks: Aaron Gee Machine Guns: Eric Lee Poisonous Gas: James Watanabe