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Measuring Business Access to

Information & Communication

TechnologyMichael.Minges@itu.int

UNCTAD Expert Meeting on Measuring Electronic Commerce as anInstrument for the Development of the Digital Economy

Geneva, 8-10 September 2003

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ITU

! UN specialized agency for telecommunications

! Has been collecting statistics for 30 years! With fusion of telecommunications, computers and

broadcasting has expanded coverage to Information

and Communication Technology indicators (ICT)! Has expanded sources from administrative records

to include surveys

! Focus on accessibility and e-readiness hence

interest in ICT in business sector

!

See www.itu.int/ti

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Importance

0% 20% 40%

Finland

Canada

France

UK

Australia

Italy

USGermany

Japan

0 20 40

Austria

UK

Czech

Rep.

Finland

Lithuania

Latvia

EstoniaBelgium

Ireland

Contribution of ICT to outputgrowth, 1995-99, Percent

Percent of Internet users who

only access from work, 2002

Source: ITU adapted from OECD, SIBIS.

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What to measure

Benefits & BarriersE-commerce!Purchases

!Sales

Use!Type of connection

!Uses

!Web site

Access!PCs

!Internet access

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Methods

! Sample survey

"

OECD, ModelQuestionnaire on ICT

Usage and Electronic

Commerce in Enterprises

" Eurostat, Pilot Survey

" National

! Universe

"

Size (by employees)! Micro (< 5)

! Small (5 9)

! Medium (20-99)

! Large (100+)

" Industry type

! Primary

! Manufacturing

! Services

Often

excluded

Often

excluded

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Size, Example from New Zealand

75

89

95

79

Micro

Small

Medium

Large

New

Zealand

50 employees

6-19 employees

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Firms Staff Output

Micro

Large

Small

Medium

Businesses with InternetPercent, June 2001

Business indicators byemployment size

Source: ITU adapted from Ministry of Economic Development (New Zealand),

Statistics New Zealand.

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Good coverage of developed economies

for access indicators

01020304050607080

90100

Denm

ark

Finland

Swe

den

Aust

ralia

N

ew

Zea

land

Au

stria

No

rway

Netherlands

Portugal

Italy

Can

ada

S

pain

United

Kingdom

Luxemb

ourg

Gre

ece

Have Internet access Have own Web site

Note:All businesses with 10 or more employees except Canada.

Source: ITU adapted from OECD (beginning 2001).

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Asian Tigers and some Economies in

Transition also have data

0

10

20

30

4050

60

70

80

90

100

HK, China Korea,

Rep.

Taiwan,

China

Singapore

PC

Internet

Web site

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Estonia Latvia Lith. Poland Russia

PC

Internet

Web site

Source: ITU adapted from FIND 2002 (Taiwan, China), IDA 2002 (Singapore), C&SD 2002

(Hong Kong China), NCA 2001 (Korea, Rep.) & Baltic Information Society Statistics (right chart).

Businesses with ICTs, Percent

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Scarce data for developing nations &

comparability questionable

0

1020

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Mexico Peru

PC

Internet

Web site

0

1020

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

PC Internet Web site

Source: ITU adapted from OECD, INEGI (Mexico, 1999, all firm sizes) and INEI (Peru,

2000, 5+ employees) & NCB (Mauritius, 2001, 10+ employees).

Mauritius

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Some studies particularly for SMEs

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Tanzania Kenya

Phone

Fax

PC

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Sri Lanka Thailand Phil. Indonesia

PC

Internet

Web site

Africa, 2000 Asia, 2001- 2002

Source: ITU adapted from ZEF, The Role of ICT for the Performance of SMEs in East

Africa & The Asia Foundation, Regional Survey of SMEs use of eCommerce.

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Proxies

! Domain registrations in the .com.cc domain

! Business Internet subscriptions

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Business Digital Divide

11

32

60

22

68

0

1020

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Micro Small Medium Chile EU average

Internet access in Chilean micro, small and medium sized firms,2001, percent

Source: ITU adapted from INE Chile and Eurostat.

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Conclusions

! Need to enhance visibility of existing surveys

! Disseminate model questionnaire! Reinforce statistical capacity

! Focus on access indicators as first step" Businesses with PCs

" Businesses with Internet access

"

Businesses with web page! Target of at least 100 countries with data by

2005