Business Ethics and MIS

7/23/2019 Business Ethics and MIS

1/59

Can the police search your computer at work withouta warrant but have the blessing of the company?

Do companies have the right to spy on theiremployees at work?

Can companies claim copyright on the look and feelof their web sites?

Is it legal to collect and sell customer data?

Can Facebook keep your posted images/videos/textseven after you close your account?

Who has the ownership of the customer data storedby Futureshop on IBMs server?

If the data is stolen and customer suffers lost, who isresponsible?

1


2/59

Can the police search your private computerwithout a warrant?

How about your office computer, if they have

your companys consent? How about the companys IT technician? Do

companies have the right to search yourcomputer at work without a warrant?

Source:http://www.canada.com/story_print.html?id=503e559c-1e0c-4baa-9111-298785e1bc62&sponsor=

2
http://www.canada.com/story_print.html?id=503e559c-1e0c-4baa-9111-298785e1bc62&sponsorhttp://www.canada.com/story_print.html?id=503e559c-1e0c-4baa-9111-298785e1bc62&sponsorhttp://www.canada.com/story_print.html?id=503e559c-1e0c-4baa-9111-298785e1bc62&sponsorhttp://www.canada.com/story_print.html?id=503e559c-1e0c-4baa-9111-298785e1bc62&sponsorhttp://www.canada.com/story_print.html?id=503e559c-1e0c-4baa-9111-298785e1bc62&sponsorhttp://www.canada.com/story_print.html?id=503e559c-1e0c-4baa-9111-298785e1bc62&sponsorhttp://www.canada.com/story_print.html?id=503e559c-1e0c-4baa-9111-298785e1bc62&sponsorhttp://www.canada.com/story_print.html?id=503e559c-1e0c-4baa-9111-298785e1bc62&sponsorhttp://www.canada.com/story_print.html?id=503e559c-1e0c-4baa-9111-298785e1bc62&sponsorhttp://www.canada.com/story_print.html?id=503e559c-1e0c-4baa-9111-298785e1bc62&sponsorhttp://www.canada.com/story_print.html?id=503e559c-1e0c-4baa-9111-298785e1bc62&sponsorhttp://www.canada.com/story_print.html?id=503e559c-1e0c-4baa-9111-298785e1bc62&sponsor


3/59

Michael Liu

University of Waterloo

3


4/59

There are two major sources for these slides:From the textbook written by Laudon, Laudon and

Brabston (2009). Management Information Systems:Managing the Digital Firm, Fourth Canadian Edition,

Toronto, Pearson Prentice Hall, 2009 PearsonEducation Canada

From the lectures developed by Dr. Anne Pidduck

4


5/59

Textbook Chapter 04

5


6/59

Responsibility Accepting the potential costs, duties, and obligations for

decisions

Accountability Mechanisms for identifying responsible parties; who is

responsible?

Liability Permits individuals to recover damages done to them

Due process

Laws are well known and understood, can appeal tohigher authority

Implications to the use of IS It is not about technology, but how it is used

6


7/59

Ethical: Principles of right and wrong thatindividuals use to make choices to guide theirbehaviors

Social: affecting people or communication

Legal/Political: knowing the law and workingwithin its limits

7Picture source: http://www.bunker8.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/images/justice2.gif


8/59

Ethical and Social Issues

8


9/59

1. Personal information rights andobligations

2. Digital property rights and

obligations3. System quality4. Accountability, liability and control5. Quality of life

Examples of each?

9Picture source: http://themoderatevoice.com/wordpress-engine/files/2009-april/LeftRightWrong.jpg


10/59

Technology Trends

10Video source: http://www.youtube.com/privacycomm#p/u/1/X7gWEgHeXcAPicture source: http://deonbinneman.files.wordpress.com/2009/12/j0426621.jpg

What does a friend of a friend of a friend know about you?- By The Office of Privacy Commissioner of Canada
http://www.youtube.com/privacycommhttp://deonbinneman.files.wordpress.com/2009/12/j0426621.jpghttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_4/Video%20Library/Good%20and%20Used%20after%20W13/Chapter%2007%20What%20does%20a%20friend%20of%20a%20friend%20of%20a%20friend%20know%20about%20you.flvhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_4/Video%20Library/Good%20and%20Used%20after%20W13/Chapter%2007%20What%20does%20a%20friend%20of%20a%20friend%20of%20a%20friend%20know%20about%20you.flvhttp://deonbinneman.files.wordpress.com/2009/12/j0426621.jpghttp://www.youtube.com/privacycomm


11/59

Relationship Awareness

11

Google and

Privacy

OnlineSurveillance

Video source: YouTube
http://c/Users/m47liu-adm/Desktop/CS330/Video%20Library/Good%20and%20Used%20after%20W13/Chapter%2007%20Google%20and%20Privacy.flvhttp://c/Users/m47liu-adm/Desktop/CS330/Video%20Library/Good%20and%20Used%20after%20W13/Chapter%2007%20Google%20and%20Privacy.flvhttp://c/Users/m47liu-adm/Desktop/CS330/Video%20Library/Good%20and%20Used%20after%20W13/Chapter%2007%20Online%20surveillance%20software%20_%20data%20mining.flvhttp://c/Users/m47liu-adm/Desktop/CS330/Video%20Library/Good%20and%20Used%20after%20W13/Chapter%2007%20Online%20surveillance%20software%20_%20data%20mining.flvhttp://c/Users/m47liu-adm/Desktop/CS330/Video%20Library/Good%20and%20Used%20after%20W13/Chapter%2007%20Online%20surveillance%20software%20_%20data%20mining.flvhttp://c/Users/m47liu-adm/Desktop/CS330/Video%20Library/Good%20and%20Used%20after%20W13/Chapter%2007%20Google%20and%20Privacy.flv


12/59

Article Title: A Cartoon Fan Won a Nobel Price

During the interview, the professor admits that

Yes, I do watch cartoons like Pocoyo I try to dothat every chance I get

Editors comments:

What would happen to this wonderful world if itsfuture is led by professors interested in childishcartoons?

12


13/59

Article Title: Jean Chretien Praised Steve Harper as a

Great leader

Quote from former prime minister John Chretien Yes, I think prime minister Harper is a great leader


14/59

Name Gender

Age

Birthplace School attended

Hobby/Interest

Photo

Image Source: http://globelogger.com/2009/11/uncovering-steve-jobs-presentation-secrets.htmlhttp://photos.ibibo.com/photo/4731301/funny-baby-pictures-kissing-a

Get away frommy daughter,your freak!

Hollywoodactress GwynethPaltrow namedher daughterApple.

Hug?

Your Name: Su Shiyou

(a famous Chinese general)
http://globelogger.com/2009/11/uncovering-steve-jobs-presentation-secrets.htmlhttp://photos.ibibo.com/photo/4731301/funny-baby-pictures-kissing-ahttp://photos.ibibo.com/photo/4731301/funny-baby-pictures-kissing-ahttp://photos.ibibo.com/photo/4731301/funny-baby-pictures-kissing-ahttp://photos.ibibo.com/photo/4731301/funny-baby-pictures-kissing-ahttp://photos.ibibo.com/photo/4731301/funny-baby-pictures-kissing-ahttp://photos.ibibo.com/photo/4731301/funny-baby-pictures-kissing-ahttp://photos.ibibo.com/photo/4731301/funny-baby-pictures-kissing-ahttp://photos.ibibo.com/photo/4731301/funny-baby-pictures-kissing-ahttp://photos.ibibo.com/photo/4731301/funny-baby-pictures-kissing-ahttp://photos.ibibo.com/photo/4731301/funny-baby-pictures-kissing-ahttp://photos.ibibo.com/photo/4731301/funny-baby-pictures-kissing-ahttp://photos.ibibo.com/photo/4731301/funny-baby-pictures-kissing-ahttp://globelogger.com/2009/11/uncovering-steve-jobs-presentation-secrets.htmlhttp://globelogger.com/2009/11/uncovering-steve-jobs-presentation-secrets.htmlhttp://globelogger.com/2009/11/uncovering-steve-jobs-presentation-secrets.htmlhttp://globelogger.com/2009/11/uncovering-steve-jobs-presentation-secrets.htmlhttp://globelogger.com/2009/11/uncovering-steve-jobs-presentation-secrets.htmlhttp://globelogger.com/2009/11/uncovering-steve-jobs-presentation-secrets.htmlhttp://globelogger.com/2009/11/uncovering-steve-jobs-presentation-secrets.htmlhttp://globelogger.com/2009/11/uncovering-steve-jobs-presentation-secrets.htmlhttp://globelogger.com/2009/11/uncovering-steve-jobs-presentation-secrets.htmlhttp://globelogger.com/2009/11/uncovering-steve-jobs-presentation-secrets.htmlhttp://globelogger.com/2009/11/uncovering-steve-jobs-presentation-secrets.html


15/59

How an innocent picture got out of control http://news.6park.com/newspark/index.php?app=

news&act=view&nid=124575

15


16/59

Source:http://www.escapistmagazine.com/forums/read/7.79407-Student-Teacher-Fired-Loses-College-Degree-for-Drunken-MySpace-Pic

16


17/59

For information posted on the net, you haveno control of How it is used

In part or in whole

Prank, ridicule, spam, identify theft How it is interpreted

Misunderstood, embarrassed, intentional or accidental

17


18/59

What is personal information(PI)? Personally identifiable

Rights about PI?

Obligations about PI?

18Image Source: http://www.abine.com/blog/2012/when-delete-means-delete-the-inside-story-of-our-ftc-complaint-against-beenverified-com/personal-information-collection/
http://www.priv.gc.ca/leg_c/interpretations_02_e.asphttp://www.priv.gc.ca/leg_c/interpretations_02_e.asp


19/59

Personal information defined in Section 2 of ATIPPA. It

reads: the individual's name, address or telephone number,

the individual's race, national or ethnic origin, colour, orreligious or political beliefs or associations,

the individual's age, sex, sexual orientation, marital status orfamily status,

an identifying number, symbol or other particular assigned tothe individual,

the individual's fingerprints, blood type or inheritable

characteristics, information about the individual's health care status or history,

including a physical or mental disability,

information about the individual's educational, financial,criminal or employment status or history,

the opinions of a person about the individual, and the individual's personal views or opinions 19


20/59

Privacy: Claim of individuals to be left alone, freefrom surveillance or interference from otherindividuals, organizations, or the state.

Personal Information Protection and Electronic

Documents Act (PIPEDA) establishes principlesfor collection, use, and disclosure of personalinformation Needs informed consent to collect and use customer

data

Similar rules exist in European Directive on DataProtection

It is much stricter than US legislation

Provinces have parallel legislation

20


21/59

When online, what information is PI? Dual ownership

Too easy for web sites to collect online data Web bugs and spyware can be installed

surreptitiously Cookies are used to collect information from Web

site visits Wearable and portal technology like Google Glass,

smartphone, iWatch etc.

The evil of data broker The rumor of the US Prism Project The Point: Online Privacy is Dead

21

Dual

Cookie

Broker

Glass

Bug
http://c/Users/m47liu-adm/Desktop/CS330/Materials%20in%20Use/Chapter%2007%20Hobby%20Search%20NEWS%20%20Hobby%20Magazine%20%20vol.267%20%20%20Jun.%20272013%20.msghttp://c/Users/m47liu-adm/Desktop/CS330/Materials%20in%20Use/Chapter%2007%20Hobby%20Search%20NEWS%20%20Hobby%20Magazine%20%20vol.267%20%20%20Jun.%20272013%20.msg


22/59

You make a purchase on Futureshop.ca. whoowns the following data? The fact that you visited Futureshop.ca

Who visited my site (Futureshop.ca)

What pages you visit What pages being visited

How long you stay on the home page

How long the home page is being viewed

What you buy What is sold

22Image Source:http://www.someecards.com/usercards/viewcard/MjAxMi1 N FkOTE M E4ND 4Yz 2


23/59

Web sites can store and use your data forwhatever they want and forever they want

Video: Facebook changes its Terms of Service

The latest one is even worst!http://asmp.org/fb-tos#.UnplOjXNjfI

23Challenges

Image Source: http://www.theadminzone.com/forums/showthread.php?p=672116
http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_4/Video%20Library/Good%20and%20Used%20after%20W13/Chapter%2007%20Facebook%20Biggest%20Spy%20on%20YOU%20!%20Collecting%20Your%20Private%20Information.webmhttp://asmp.org/fb-tos.UnplOjXNjfIhttp://asmp.org/fb-tos.UnplOjXNjfIhttp://asmp.org/fb-tos.UnplOjXNjfIhttp://asmp.org/fb-tos.UnplOjXNjfIhttp://asmp.org/fb-tos.UnplOjXNjfIhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_4/Video%20Library/Good%20and%20Used%20after%20W13/Chapter%2007%20Facebook%20Biggest%20Spy%20on%20YOU%20!%20Collecting%20Your%20Private%20Information.webm


24/59

Cookies identify Web Visitors

Figure 4-4 24

http://www.macloo.com/examples/javascripts/cookiepage.htmhttp://www.barelyfitz.com/projects/tabber/example-cookies.htmlhttp://support.free-conversant.com/examples/cookies/index

What does it mean:4c812db292272995e5416a323e79bd37?

The users favorite movies include "The PrincessBride," "50 First Dates" and "10 Things I Hate AboutYou." It knows she enjoys the "Sex and the City"series. It knows the user browses entertainment

news and likes to take quizzes.
http://www.macloo.com/examples/javascripts/cookiepage.htmhttp://www.barelyfitz.com/projects/tabber/example-cookies.htmlhttp://support.free-conversant.com/examples/cookies/indexhttp://c/Users/m47liu-adm/Desktop/CS330/Materials%20in%20Use/Chapter%2007%20Cookie%20Example%20m47liu-adm@amazon[1].txthttp://support.free-conversant.com/examples/cookies/indexhttp://support.free-conversant.com/examples/cookies/indexhttp://support.free-conversant.com/examples/cookies/indexhttp://www.barelyfitz.com/projects/tabber/example-cookies.htmlhttp://www.barelyfitz.com/projects/tabber/example-cookies.htmlhttp://www.barelyfitz.com/projects/tabber/example-cookies.htmlhttp://www.macloo.com/examples/javascripts/cookiepage.htm


25/59

The first time a site is visited, it installs atracking file, which assigns the computer aunique ID number. Later, when the user visitsanother site affiliated with the same trackingcompany, it can take note of where that user wasbefore, and where he is now. A tracking file on MSN.com: It had a prediction of a

surfer's age, ZIP Code and gender, plus a codecontaining estimates of income, marital status, presenceof children and home ownership,

Microsoft said that they didnt know how the file gotthere and added that it contained no personallyidentifiable information.

25


26/59

What does it mean: 4c812db292272995e5416a323e79bd37? The users favorite movies include "The Princess Bride," "50 First

Dates" and "10 Things I Hate About You." It knows she enjoys the "Sexand the City" series. It knows the user browses entertainment newsand likes to take quizzes.

The study found that the nation's 50 top websites on average

installed 64 pieces of tracking technology onto the computers ofvisitors, usually with no warning. Two third are by companies inthe business of tracking users Winner: dictionary.com with 234 cookies, 223 of which were from

data brokers!

Source:

http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748703940904575395073512989404.html

A study done by AT&T in fall 2009 found tracking technologieson 80% of the top 1000 popular sites

26Challenges
http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748703940904575395073512989404.htmlhttp://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748703940904575395073512989404.htmlhttp://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748703940904575395073512989404.htmlhttp://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748703940904575395073512989404.htmlhttp://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748703940904575395073512989404.htmlhttp://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748703940904575395073512989404.htmlhttp://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748703940904575395073512989404.html


27/59

http://www.usadata.com/ http://www.charitybase.net/ Selling and buying data is a multibillion dollar

business, largely unregulated

Choicepoint is one of the largest data broker inthe world IRS signed a five-year $200M contract to access its

data Data source: public filing, financial records, loan

applications provided by police department, schooldistrict, department of motor vehicles, local courts.

27
http://www.usadata.com/http://www.charitybase.net/http://www.charitybase.net/http://www.usadata.com/


28/59

What are the problems caused by theproliferation of data brokers?

What do they collect?

If your name and other personal informationwere in this database, what limitations onaccess would you want? (a) government agencies

(b) your employer

(c) other business firms

(d) other individuals

28Challenges
http://www.usadata.com/canadian-consumer-data-selects.htmlhttp://www.usadata.com/canadian-consumer-data-selects.html


29/59

Writing on CreativeGood.com, Mark Hurst istrying to alert people to just how frighteningGoogle Glass might be. As he puts it: "Fromnow on, starting today, anywhere you go

within range of a Google Glass device,everything you do could be recorded anduploaded to Google's cloud, and stored therefor the rest of your life. You won't know if

you're being recorded or not; and even if youdo, you'll have no way to stop it."

29Source: http://www.techradar.com/news/mobile-computing/google-glass-say-goodbye-to-your-privacy-1134796


30/59

Every time we talk about a new social media network or

online marketing move, privacy is an issue. But according to anew survey conducted by the USC Annenberg Center for theDigital Future and Bovitz Inc., its going to be less of aconcern in the near future. Why? Not because were workingon ways to make the internet more secure, but because

Millennials arent as concerned as their elders.

30Source: http://www.marketingpilgrim.com/2013/04/online-privacy-is-dead-says-study-and-millennials-are-okay-with-that.html


31/59

Better productand service

Invasion ofprivacy

31


32/59

Information is the new sugar. Big data, Big sugar. Get candy, get candy, getcandy. Because big data is like big sugar. The more ubiquitous, abundant, pleasurable,

efficient, and profitable it is, the more we want it. And, sometimes, the more we want it,the more blinded we are by its consequences.

The first concerns privacys default settings. In his appearance, ProfessorGeist generously referred to my work titled, The Devil is in the Defaults. In short, the architecture of every technology includes a number of design choices. Some

design choices create default positions. For example, a cars default position is stop.When we enter a car and turn it on, the car is in park. For safetys sake, its design

requires that we consciously put it in gear in order to go. Although it would be possible todesign things the other way around, we recognize the danger of a car that defaults to gorather than stop. And we have regulated against it.

The biggest threat to privacy is not social networks, or surveillance cameras,or wireless mobile, or databases, or GPS tracking devices. It is the standardform contract. Under current law, almost all of the privacy safeguards built into privacy legislation can be

easily circumvented by anyone who provides goods or services by way of standard form

agreements. By requiring users click I agree to their terms on a take-it-or-leave-it basis,companies can use contract law to sidestep privacy obligations. In short, this is based on amistaken approach to the issue of consent.

Source: http://iankerr.ca/content/2012/06/18/my-appearance-before-ethi/#more-1541

32
http://iankerr.ca/content/2012/06/18/my-appearance-before-ethi/http://iankerr.ca/content/2012/06/18/my-appearance-before-ethi/http://iankerr.ca/content/2012/06/18/my-appearance-before-ethi/http://iankerr.ca/content/2012/06/18/my-appearance-before-ethi/http://iankerr.ca/content/2012/06/18/my-appearance-before-ethi/http://iankerr.ca/content/2012/06/18/my-appearance-before-ethi/http://iankerr.ca/content/2012/06/18/my-appearance-before-ethi/http://iankerr.ca/content/2012/06/18/my-appearance-before-ethi/http://iankerr.ca/content/2012/06/18/my-appearance-before-ethi/http://iankerr.ca/content/2012/06/18/my-appearance-before-ethi/http://iankerr.ca/content/2012/06/18/my-appearance-before-ethi/http://iankerr.ca/content/2012/06/18/my-appearance-before-ethi/http://iankerr.ca/content/2012/06/18/my-appearance-before-ethi/http://iankerr.ca/content/2012/06/18/my-appearance-before-ethi/http://iankerr.ca/content/2012/06/18/my-appearance-before-ethi/


33/59

Intellectual property (IP) is intangible propertycreated by individuals or corporations

Protected by: Trade secret

Copyright

Patent

33


34/59

Trade Secret

Intellectual work or product belonging tobusiness, provided it is not in the publicdomain

Supreme Court test for breach of confidence:1. Information conveyed must be confidential2. Information must have been

communicated in confidence

3. Information must have been misused bythe party to whom it was communicated

34


35/59

Statutory grant protecting intellectual propertyfrom being copied for at least 50 years

Canadian copyright law protects original literary,musical, artistic, and dramatic works. It alsoincludes software, and prohibits copying of entireprograms or their parts.

Issues Look and feel

Unsettled issue

Apple vs. Microsoft Apple vs. Samsung

Reverse engineering

35
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_v._Microsofthttp://fosspatents.blogspot.com/2011/08/apple-vs-samsung-list-of-all-19.htmlhttp://fosspatents.blogspot.com/2011/08/apple-vs-samsung-list-of-all-19.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_v._Microsoft


36/59

A grant to the creator of an invention, grantingthe owner an exclusive monopoly on the ideasbehind an invention for between 17 and 20 years Patents are intended to promote innovation by

encouraging the timely disclosure of how to make anduse inventions and by protecting investments made tocommercialize inventions.

Originality, novelty, and invention are keyconcepts Canadian Patent Office does not accept applications for

software patent. It is protected under copyright law.

Possible as a conjunction of a system that is traditionallypatentable US is a bit more relaxed

36
http://users.trytel.com/~pbkerr/computer.htmlhttp://users.trytel.com/~pbkerr/computer.htmlhttp://users.trytel.com/~pbkerr/computer.htmlhttp://users.trytel.com/~pbkerr/computer.html


37/59

Perfect digital copies cost almost nothing Sharing of digital content over the Internet

costs almost nothing

A web page may present data from manysources and incorporate framing

Sites, software, and services for file tradingare not easily regulated

Question: should software be protected bywhich law?

37


38/59

http://readwrite.com/2013/03/12/isp-six-strikes-anti-piracy-system-infographic#awesm=~o8EpVsljnJ0UCJ

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copyright_Alert

_System

38

TheCenter for Copyright Information employs the services ofMarkMonitor (often doing business as DtecNet) to detect and monitorsuspected copyright infringement activity. The system of alerts is asfollows: The first and second alerts will notify ISP subscribers that their

Internet account has allegedly been used for copyright infringement

via the use of bittorrentand provide an explanation of how to avoidfuture offenses, as well as direct users to lawful media contentsite.[14]

If the users behavior persists, a third and fourth alert will be sent.These alerts will ask the subscriber to acknowledge receipt of themessages by clicking a notice.

After a fifth alert, ISPs will be allowed to take "mitigation measures"to prevent future infringement.

If the ISP did not institute a mitigation measure following the fifthalert, it must enact one after the sixth alert.
http://readwrite.com/2013/03/12/isp-six-strikes-anti-piracy-system-infographic#awesm=~o8EpVsljnJ0UCJhttp://readwrite.com/2013/03/12/isp-six-strikes-anti-piracy-system-infographic#awesm=~o8EpVsljnJ0UCJhttp://readwrite.com/2013/03/12/isp-six-strikes-anti-piracy-system-infographic#awesm=~o8EpVsljnJ0UCJhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copyright_Alert_Systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copyright_Alert_Systemhttp://readwrite.com/2013/03/12/isp-six-strikes-anti-piracy-system-infographic#awesm=~o8EpVsljnJ0UCJhttp://readwrite.com/2013/03/12/isp-six-strikes-anti-piracy-system-infographic#awesm=~o8EpVsljnJ0UCJhttp://readwrite.com/2013/03/12/isp-six-strikes-anti-piracy-system-infographic#awesm=~o8EpVsljnJ0UCJhttp://readwrite.com/2013/03/12/isp-six-strikes-anti-piracy-system-infographic#awesm=~o8EpVsljnJ0UCJhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copyright_Alert_Systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copyright_Alert_Systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copyright_Alert_Systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bittorrenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copyright_Alert_Systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bittorrenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bittorrenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copyright_Alert_Systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copyright_Alert_Systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copyright_Alert_Systemhttp://readwrite.com/2013/03/12/isp-six-strikes-anti-piracy-system-infographic#awesm=~o8EpVsljnJ0UCJhttp://readwrite.com/2013/03/12/isp-six-strikes-anti-piracy-system-infographic#awesm=~o8EpVsljnJ0UCJhttp://readwrite.com/2013/03/12/isp-six-strikes-anti-piracy-system-infographic#awesm=~o8EpVsljnJ0UCJhttp://readwrite.com/2013/03/12/isp-six-strikes-anti-piracy-system-infographic#awesm=~o8EpVsljnJ0UCJhttp://readwrite.com/2013/03/12/isp-six-strikes-anti-piracy-system-infographic#awesm=~o8EpVsljnJ0UCJhttp://readwrite.com/2013/03/12/isp-six-strikes-anti-piracy-system-infographic#awesm=~o8EpVsljnJ0UCJhttp://readwrite.com/2013/03/12/isp-six-strikes-anti-piracy-system-infographic#awesm=~o8EpVsljnJ0UCJhttp://readwrite.com/2013/03/12/isp-six-strikes-anti-piracy-system-infographic#awesm=~o8EpVsljnJ0UCJhttp://readwrite.com/2013/03/12/isp-six-strikes-anti-piracy-system-infographic#awesm=~o8EpVsljnJ0UCJhttp://readwrite.com/2013/03/12/isp-six-strikes-anti-piracy-system-infographic#awesm=~o8EpVsljnJ0UCJhttp://readwrite.com/2013/03/12/isp-six-strikes-anti-piracy-system-infographic#awesm=~o8EpVsljnJ0UCJhttp://readwrite.com/2013/03/12/isp-six-strikes-anti-piracy-system-infographic#awesm=~o8EpVsljnJ0UCJhttp://readwrite.com/2013/03/12/isp-six-strikes-anti-piracy-system-infographic#awesm=~o8EpVsljnJ0UCJhttp://readwrite.com/2013/03/12/isp-six-strikes-anti-piracy-system-infographic#awesm=~o8EpVsljnJ0UCJ


39/59

No software program is perfect, errors will bemade, even with a low probability

Software manufacturers knowingly shipbuggy products Cost to delay or not ship software

At what point should software be shipped?

39


40/59

Intel is temporarily halting shipments of its newSandy Bridge chip platform due to a design flawthat may cause 5% of chips to fail over the nextthree to five years. It's estimated the move will

cost the company $1 billion, which includeshaving to fix nearly half a million Sandy Bridge-toting desktop and laptops already out there.(New York Times)

http://tech.fortune.cnn.com/2011/02/01/today-in-tech-facebooks-new-comment-system/

40
http://tech.fortune.cnn.com/2011/02/01/today-in-tech-facebooks-new-comment-system/http://tech.fortune.cnn.com/2011/02/01/today-in-tech-facebooks-new-comment-system/http://tech.fortune.cnn.com/2011/02/01/today-in-tech-facebooks-new-comment-system/http://tech.fortune.cnn.com/2011/02/01/today-in-tech-facebooks-new-comment-system/http://tech.fortune.cnn.com/2011/02/01/today-in-tech-facebooks-new-comment-system/http://tech.fortune.cnn.com/2011/02/01/today-in-tech-facebooks-new-comment-system/http://tech.fortune.cnn.com/2011/02/01/today-in-tech-facebooks-new-comment-system/http://tech.fortune.cnn.com/2011/02/01/today-in-tech-facebooks-new-comment-system/http://tech.fortune.cnn.com/2011/02/01/today-in-tech-facebooks-new-comment-system/http://tech.fortune.cnn.com/2011/02/01/today-in-tech-facebooks-new-comment-system/http://tech.fortune.cnn.com/2011/02/01/today-in-tech-facebooks-new-comment-system/http://tech.fortune.cnn.com/2011/02/01/today-in-tech-facebooks-new-comment-system/http://tech.fortune.cnn.com/2011/02/01/today-in-tech-facebooks-new-comment-system/http://tech.fortune.cnn.com/2011/02/01/today-in-tech-facebooks-new-comment-system/http://tech.fortune.cnn.com/2011/02/01/today-in-tech-facebooks-new-comment-system/


41/59

Nasdaq failed on Friday, May 18, 2011 (first dayof Facebooks IPO) to return order confirmationsto some investors for hours and delayed the startof trading by 30 minutes because of problems

with its systems. Nasdaq's liabilities for customer losses are

capped at $3 million per month because of legaland regulatory protections.

Source:http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/05/22/us-nasdaq-idUSBRE84L06J20120522

41
http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/05/22/us-nasdaq-idUSBRE84L06J20120522http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/05/22/us-nasdaq-idUSBRE84L06J20120522http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/05/22/us-nasdaq-idUSBRE84L06J20120522http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/05/22/us-nasdaq-idUSBRE84L06J20120522http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/05/22/us-nasdaq-idUSBRE84L06J20120522http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/05/22/us-nasdaq-idUSBRE84L06J20120522http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/05/22/us-nasdaq-idUSBRE84L06J20120522http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/05/22/us-nasdaq-idUSBRE84L06J20120522


42/59

Accountability: Mechanisms for identifyingresponsible parties

Liability: Permits individuals to recoverdamages done to them

Computer-related liability problems Difficult to pinpoint who is at fault.

Programs as machine controllers, as books(information provider), as a service provider

42


43/59

Decentralized control structure Empower the employees

Flatten the organization

Rapidity of change: Reduced response time to

competition means some jobs lost andcompanies out of business A just-in-time society

Maintaining boundaries: Family, work, and

leisure

43Video Source: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yrRn7rSif2Q&feature=related
http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_4/Video%20Library/Good%20and%20Used/Chapter%2004%20Did%20You%20Know%203.0%20(Officially%20updated%20for%202012)%20HD.flvhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_4/Video%20Library/Good%20and%20Used%20after%20W13/Chapter%2007%20Did%20You%20Know%203.0%20(Officially%20updated%20for%202012)%20HD.flvhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_4/Video%20Library/Good%20and%20Used/Chapter%2004%20Did%20You%20Know%203.0%20(Officially%20updated%20for%202012)%20HD.flvhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_4/Video%20Library/Good%20and%20Used/Chapter%2004%20Did%20You%20Know%203.0%20(Officially%20updated%20for%202012)%20HD.flvhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_4/Video%20Library/Good%20and%20Used%20after%20W13/Chapter%2007%20Did%20You%20Know%203.0%20(Officially%20updated%20for%202012)%20HD.flvhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_4/Video%20Library/Good%20and%20Used/Chapter%2004%20Did%20You%20Know%203.0%20(Officially%20updated%20for%202012)%20HD.flv


44/59

Job loss due to new technologies or revisedbusiness processes Creative destruction Outsourcing

Health risks: RSI, CVS, radiation, and

Technostress Ergonomic design

Equity and access: Increasing racial and socialclass cleavages Digital divide

Computer crime/cyber-vandalism: illegal(stealing data) Computer abuse: unethical (spam)

44
http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_4/Video%20Library/Good%20and%20Used%20after%20W13/Chapter%2007%20Digital%20Divide.flvhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_4/Video%20Library/Good%20and%20Used%20after%20W13/Chapter%2007%20Digital%20Divide.flv


45/59

The Spam Problem FYI)

Figure 4-8

45


46/59

Spam Filtering Software FYI)

Figure 4-746


47/59

Identify and clearly describe the facts Define the conflict or dilemma, and identify

the higher-order values involved

Identify the stakeholders

Identify the options that you can reasonablytake

Identify the consequences of your options

47


48/59

Golden Rule: Do unto others as you wouldhave them do unto you

Immanuel Kants Categorical Imperative: If anaction is not right for everyone to take, then

it is not right for anyone Descartes rule of change: If an action cannot

be taken repeatedly, then it is not right to betaken at any time

48Picture source: http://4uc.org/secure/496/7550088/download/images/be3.jpg


49/59

Ethical no free lunch rule: Assume that alltangible and intangible objects are owned bysomeone else, unless there is a specificdeclaration otherwise

Utilitarian Principle: Take the action thatachieves the greatest value for all concerned

Risk Aversion Principle: Take the action thatproduces the least harm or incurs the leastcost to all concerned

49Picture source: http://4uc.org/secure/496/7550088/download/images/be3.jpg


50/59

Promises by professionals to regulatethemselves in the general interest of society

Promulgated by associations such as theCanadian Medical Association (CMA), the

Canadian Bar Association (CBA), and theCanadian Information Processing Society(CIPS) etc.

50

Picture source:

http://www.canadiandesignresource.ca/officialgallery/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/logo.jpghttp://www.cba.org/nb/Images/logo_main.gifhttp://www.cips.ca/
http://www.cba.org/nb/Images/logo_main.gifhttp://www.canadiandesignresource.ca/officialgallery/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/logo.jpghttp://www.cba.org/nb/Images/logo_main.gifhttp://www.cips.ca/http://www.cips.ca/http://www.cba.org/nb/Images/logo_main.gifhttp://www.canadiandesignresource.ca/officialgallery/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/logo.jpghttp://www.canadiandesignresource.ca/officialgallery/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/logo.jpghttp://www.canadiandesignresource.ca/officialgallery/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/logo.jpg


51/59

http://www.thestar.com/business/article/1054396--playing-angry-birds-at-work-costs-employers-1-5-billion

51
http://www.thestar.com/business/article/1054396--playing-angry-birds-at-work-costs-employers-1-5-billionhttp://www.thestar.com/business/article/1054396--playing-angry-birds-at-work-costs-employers-1-5-billionhttp://www.thestar.com/business/article/1054396--playing-angry-birds-at-work-costs-employers-1-5-billionhttp://www.thestar.com/business/article/1054396--playing-angry-birds-at-work-costs-employers-1-5-billionhttp://www.thestar.com/business/article/1054396--playing-angry-birds-at-work-costs-employers-1-5-billionhttp://www.thestar.com/business/article/1054396--playing-angry-birds-at-work-costs-employers-1-5-billionhttp://www.thestar.com/business/article/1054396--playing-angry-birds-at-work-costs-employers-1-5-billionhttp://www.thestar.com/business/article/1054396--playing-angry-birds-at-work-costs-employers-1-5-billionhttp://www.thestar.com/business/article/1054396--playing-angry-birds-at-work-costs-employers-1-5-billionhttp://www.thestar.com/business/article/1054396--playing-angry-birds-at-work-costs-employers-1-5-billionhttp://www.thestar.com/business/article/1054396--playing-angry-birds-at-work-costs-employers-1-5-billionhttp://www.thestar.com/business/article/1054396--playing-angry-birds-at-work-costs-employers-1-5-billionhttp://www.thestar.com/business/article/1054396--playing-angry-birds-at-work-costs-employers-1-5-billionhttp://www.thestar.com/business/article/1054396--playing-angry-birds-at-work-costs-employers-1-5-billionhttp://www.thestar.com/business/article/1054396--playing-angry-birds-at-work-costs-employers-1-5-billionhttp://www.thestar.com/business/article/1054396--playing-angry-birds-at-work-costs-employers-1-5-billionhttp://www.thestar.com/business/article/1054396--playing-angry-birds-at-work-costs-employers-1-5-billionhttp://www.thestar.com/business/article/1054396--playing-angry-birds-at-work-costs-employers-1-5-billionhttp://www.thestar.com/business/article/1054396--playing-angry-birds-at-work-costs-employers-1-5-billionhttp://www.thestar.com/business/article/1054396--playing-angry-birds-at-work-costs-employers-1-5-billionhttp://www.thestar.com/business/article/1054396--playing-angry-birds-at-work-costs-employers-1-5-billionhttp://www.thestar.com/business/article/1054396--playing-angry-birds-at-work-costs-employers-1-5-billionhttp://www.thestar.com/business/article/1054396--playing-angry-birds-at-work-costs-employers-1-5-billionhttp://www.thestar.com/business/article/1054396--playing-angry-birds-at-work-costs-employers-1-5-billionhttp://www.thestar.com/business/article/1054396--playing-angry-birds-at-work-costs-employers-1-5-billion


52/59

Case Study: Ethnical Analysis

-Employee Monitoring Software

Figure 4-3 52

SurfControl Monitoring Software
http://www.key-spy.com/keyloggers/spyagentstealth-keylogger.html


53/59

a worker's right to privacy is technically protected understate law, but there's a catch. "All states have a right to privacy based on a 'reasonable

expectation of privacy,'" Overly said. "But the courts have saidthat if there is a written policy notifying employees ofmonitoring, there is no expectation of privacy."

"By constantly monitoring, what kind of an environment are you

creating there? Companies need to weigh that in their equation,"she said. "It boils down to human dignity. People just don't wantto be watched all the time, and happy workers are productiveworkers," she said.

Corporations are really in a bind, Atkins said. They can be suedeither for violating an employee's privacy by exercising too muchcontrol over electronic communication or Internet use, but alsofor not exercising enough control and allowing workers to besubjected to harassment.

Source:http://www.wired.com/techbiz/media/news/2001/03/42029

53
http://www.wired.com/techbiz/media/news/2001/03/42029http://www.wired.com/techbiz/media/news/2001/03/42029http://www.wired.com/techbiz/media/news/2001/03/42029http://www.wired.com/techbiz/media/news/2001/03/42029http://www.wired.com/techbiz/media/news/2001/03/42029


54/59

Opt-inversus opt-outmodels of informedconsent Opt-in: a company can collect customer data only

when the customer explicitly says yes.

Opt-out: a company can collect customer dataunless the customer explicitly says no.

What if a customer says nothing about his/herpreference?

US allows Opt-out But PIPEDA (Canada) requires opt-in, same

for European countries

54


55/59

Industrial Solution

- Privacy Seal

55

IBM

MS

AC

FB
http://www.ibm.com/privacy/us/en/?lnk=fthttp://privacy.microsoft.com/en-us/default.mspxhttp://www.aircanada.com/en/about/legal/privacy/policy.htmlhttps://www.facebook.com/legal/termshttps://www.facebook.com/legal/termshttp://www.aircanada.com/en/about/legal/privacy/policy.htmlhttp://privacy.microsoft.com/en-us/default.mspxhttp://www.ibm.com/privacy/us/en/?lnk=fthttp://www.truste.com/trusted_sites/index.html


56/59

Encryption, enable/disable cookies Private browsing, manually delete history, temp

files and cookies.

Platform for Privacy Preferences (P3P) Enables automatic communication of privacy

policies between an e-commerce site and itsvisitors (browsers)

Partially supported by IE and Firefox

Privacy policy can become part of the pagessoftware

56
https://encrypted.google.com/https://encrypted.google.com/


57/59

57


58/59

P3P Standard

58

Figure 4-6


59/59

Can the police search your computer at work withouta warrant but have the blessing from the company?

Do companies have the right to spy on theiremployees at work?

Can companies claim copyright on the look and feel

of their web sites? Is it legal to collect and sell customer data?

Who has the ownership of the customer data storedby Futureshop on IBMs server?

If the data is stolen and customer suffers lost, who isresponsible?

Can Facebook keep your posted images/videos/textseven after you close your account?