Business English Vocabulary

Andrew WirelessWireless Solutions

Location Services for LTE andMigrating to the IPMigrating to the IP future

November 2008November 2008

Martin DawsonChief Product Architect –[email protected]

1Copyright 2008© CommScope

Topics

• A tour of wireless network positioning technologies• Wireless network location services architecturesWireless network location services architectures- Location application scenario walk-throughs

• LTE – positioning technology candidatesp g gy• LTE – location architectures• Evolution and ConvergenceEvolution and Convergence- The challenge of converged location service architectures- Internet protocols- The “location-enabled network”


Positioning technologies

• Cell-based and enhanced cell-based positioning- Cell-ID- Timing advance- Timing advance and NMR

• Uplink time difference of arrival (UTDOA)Uplink time difference of arrival (UTDOA)• Downlink time difference of arrival (OTDOA)• GPS- Autonomous- Device-based AGPS

Network based AGPS- Network-based AGPS- Hybrid GPS

• Measured Path Loss / RF pattern matching


A quick tour of cellular positioning technologies

Cell SMLC

Cell info& timing

uncertainty

ServingBTS

SMLCinfo

Uncertaintyarc-band

ServingBTS

Servingcell

SMLC

Cell and Rx level info

Basic cell location

t1LMU

GPS satellites

BTS

Enhanced-cell (with timing) location RF Pattern Matching (MPL)RF survey DB

t2

t3

uncertainty

LMU

LMU

uncertainty

Cell infoGPS

BTS

BTS

t1

t2

uncertainty

BTSSMLC

measurements

t3

Assisted GPS

Downlink time-of-arrival

Uplink time-of-arrival (LMU – location measurement unit)

SMLC

measurementsGPS

assistance data &

measurements

BTS


Focus on:Uplink time difference of arrival - UTDOA

LMULMU

LMU

LMUU

t2

t3

t4

C l l t d f

AoA

t1

3

UTDOA takes timing measurements of standard handset RF procedures (uplink). The time of arrival of the RF sequences are recorded by LMUs. Each LMU is in a

Calculated area of uncertainty

LMU

known location, typically co-located with BTS for power and communication infrastructure. The timing information allows trilateration calculations to be performed an identify the location of the handset.

Serving BTSLMUs may also be equipped with antennae capable of providing angle of arrival measurements (AoA) which can augment timing measurements where coverage or DOP is poor.


Focus on:(Assisted) -GPS

MeasurePositionRequest

Periodic request for GPS assistance data for defined grids

WARN*

Position Info

MeasurePositionRequest + GPS assistance data

Position Info

GPS DataCollector

A-GPSP iti i F ti

MeasurePositionRequest + GPS acquisition assistance data

GPS Measurements

SMLCCell

Database* Wide Area Reference Network (WARN) of fixed GPS receivers used to determine assistance data for the area of coverage

Positioning Function

of coverage.

• Autonomous GPS - GPS measurements and calculations performed completely in the device.• Device-based AGPS - Network provides assistance data and device calculates its own location.• Network-based AGPS - Network provides assistance data and device returns measurements; calculation of

location done in network. Note – only fraction of assistance data compared to device-based AGPS needs to be sent


sent.

Focus on:Hybrid AGPS

Periodic request for GPS assistance data for defined grids

WARN*

Network Measurements

Network Measurement Requests

GPS DataCollector

Hybrid A-GPSP iti i F ti

MeasurePositionRequest + GPS acquisition assistance data

GPS + Network Measurements

SMLCCell

Database

* Wide Area Reference Network (WARN) of fixed GPS receivers used to determine assistance data for the area of coverage.

Positioning Function

• Hybrid AGPS combines GPS measurements with other range measurements• Range measurements obtained from network – e.g. Timing advance, Round trip time, Uplink time of arrival

measurements, etc.• Yield improvements are the primary benefit in times or in environments of poor GPS acquisition


Yield improvements are the primary benefit in times or in environments of poor GPS acquisition

Architectures – 2G and 3G 3GPP Control Plane and SUPL

ApplicationsApplications

ALIALI

GMLC – Gateway mobile location centreSMLC – Serving mobile location centreSAS S d l SMLC

UTDOA – Uplink time-difference-of-arrivalPDE – position determining entityLMU l ti t it


SAS – Standalone SMLC LMU – location measurement unit

Security application (lawful intercept) MT-LR on GSM using UTDOA.

I t t

14. LocationResponse

IPApplicationServer

Internet

Le

2.LocationRequest

15. ApplicationResponse

MSCGMLC SMLCLg

Le

5. PSL1.Application

Request

13. PSLResponse

12. PerformLocation

Response

8 RPP PLR

BSC UTDOAServer

Lh

A Lb Lbis

4. SRIresponse

3. SRIResponse

7 UTDOA Req/Resp

6. PerformLocation Request

8. RPP PLR

11. RPP PLRResponse

HLRServer

Abis

7.UTDOA Req/Resp(get channel info)

9. InitiateMeasurements

10. Provide Measurements

BTS

BTS

LMUAbis Abis

Abis


BTSLMU

LMU

ESME/ 15. esposreq(initial loc)

Emergency Services Call – UMTS SAS-centricInitial Location (RTT)

ESN

ALI

IP14 ESPOSREQ(initial)

16. Provide Location(initial loc)

GMLC

SASPSAP

ESN

13. Query Location(initial)

14. ESPOSREQ(initial)

MSC

SAS

PSTN

PSAP

WARN10.SLR

12. Call setup11.SLR Ack

PSTN

RNC

3.LRC9.LRCresp2.Emergency

Call InvokeRNC

NodeB 1 911

6.RTT measure


B 1. 911

ESME/

Emergency Services Call – UMTS SAS-centricLocation update (AGPS)

ESN

ALI

IP2 ESPOSREQ

13. Provide Location(updated locn)

GMLC

SASPSAP

ESN

1. Query Location

2. ESPOSREQ(update) 12. esposreq

(updated locn)

SAS

PSTN

PSAP

WARN11.PSLresp

3.PSL

MSCPSTN

4.LRC10. LRC

resp

NodeB 911

7.AGPS req/resp

RNC


B 911

ESME/

Emergency Services Call – UMTS SAS-centricCall termination

ESN

ALI

IP

GMLC

SASPSAP

ESN

MSC

SAS

PSTN

PSAP

WARN2.SLR

3.SLR Ack

PSTN

RNCRNC

NodeB

1. Call terminate

911


B 911

Long Term Evolution – Positioning Methods

• All the same general methods apply• Basic cell coverage based on serving cell identity• Timing-enhanced

C tl Ti i Ad i l RAN ti i t- Currently Timing Advance is only RAN timing measurement- Approx 160m resolution- Better than GERAN TA, but coarser than UTRAN RTT

• Network measurement reports- Received signal path loss for multiple neighbours available- Suitable for enhancing TA-based resolution- Suitable for RF pattern matching

• Downlink timing- Best performance with synchronized eNodeB – ideally < 50nsec- Good DL signal candidates with ~180kHz BW

• Uplink timing- Good UL signal candidates with ~180kHz to 1MHz BWGood UL signal candidates with 180kHz to 1MHz BW

• A-GPS- Basic A-GPS relatively independent of RAN type- TA limits options for hybrid unless OTDOA or UTDOA combined


Location Architectures for LTESUPL does not change• SUPL does not change-SUPL 2.0 has added TA and Measured Results List to “LID” parameter of POS_INIT message

• SA2 in 3GPP are currently defining control plane architecture-Targeting R9 (end of 2009)Targeting R9 (end of 2009)-In early stage of debating architectural options- Location methods and procedures need to be nailed down first

LcSLP MLP

HSS

SCFGMLC

Lh

Lc

UserE2

ApplicationsApplications

Le (MLP)

SLP MLP

?

MMEeSMLCCore

Plane ALIALI

Emergency Services

PDN GW

S1

S6a

?

?

Serving GW

N d B

S1-U

LupS1-

MME?


Node BNode BeNode BeUTRAN

Most Significant Aspect of the Evolution

• LTE is not just “more of the same”• Circuit Services have been dropped from this RAN• LTE is a packet only access• It is about broadband Internet access (not mobile “phones”)- E g by definition all voice calls are VoIPE.g. by definition, all voice calls are VoIP

• Like WiMAX – LTE is “Mobile DSL”• This has a significant implications for the location service

hit tarchitecture• New Internet protocols for location (IETF)• New location conveyance method for presence/VoIP (IETF)New location conveyance method for presence/VoIP (IETF)• New protocol for location-enabled web applications (W3C)


Beyond Cellular - The Convergence Challenge

• Many different types of devices – all accessing the Internet- PDAs, smart phones, laptops, nettops, netbooks, desktops, UPMCs, MIDs,

cars, coke machines, games consoles, etc

• Many different types of access network- 2.5G, 3G, 4G, WiFi, WiMAX, LTE, Cable, FTTx, DSL, IPL, public, private,

enterprise, muni’, etcp , ,

• Many different types of applications- Navigation, VoIP Routing, Friend Finders, Fleet Trackers, Social Networkers,

Workforce Managers Emergency Services Roadside Services Points ofWorkforce Managers, Emergency Services, Roadside Services, Points of Interest, Child Finders, Traffic Warnings, Weather Warnings, Bargain Finders etc…

Devices work across many networks, applications don’t (want to) know y pp ( )about networks, applications want to work on any device.

Devices are computers – Applications are software - Networks are IPONE LOCATION SERVICE FOR ALL DEVICES, APPLICATIONS, NETWORKS


IETF Model for Location-Enabled Networks

• Provide a common location service for all access networks• Discoverable by devices as they move from one point of

connect to the nextconnect to the next• Common IP-based location query protocol• Common location forms• Common location forms• Just like DHCP, DNS, NAT, etc. the “Location Service”

becomes a common discoverable facility in any IP Network• Reference the HTTP Enabled Location Delivery (HELD)

protocol specification• The location service is supported by the Location Information• The location service is supported by the Location Information

Server (LIS).


LIS Provide a Common Location Service for all Application Domains across all Networks

e.g. Hotspot Net

“Foreign” network

WiMAX

DeviceApplications

UMTS/HSDPA EV-DO/1XRTT

DSL

Cable/Wireline

LTE

LISLIS LIS

LISLIS

Operatork t

UMTS/HSDPA EV DO/1XRTT LTE

IMSLIS LIS

The Internet

packet core

Foreign

Internet Applications and ServicesForeign Core IMS

Foreignpacket core


Internet standards for location applications

• Presence/VoIP service protocols for location conveyance- Defined for SIP as location conveyance- Used for NGN emergency services (i2, i3, ECRIT)Used o G e e ge cy se ces ( , 3, C )- Seamless integration with IMS

• Web services standards – W3C’s Geolocation SpecificationFirefox Geode: Web sites know where you are CNet News Oct ‘08- Firefox Geode: Web sites know where you are – CNet News Oct ‘08

- W3C specification for location information conveyance from devices to web servicesLocation enables map services local information services advertising/yellow- Location-enables map services, local information services, advertising/yellow pages, any web service…

• Location-enabled networks provide value to their subscribers• Successful location enabled networks will be Internet protocol• Successful location-enabled networks will be Internet protocol

friendly


The converged location servicePowered by ANDREW

BPLIS

enterpriseLISBP

Powered by ANDREWGeometrix ®

LIS

DSL provider

LIS

E i

BPLIS

WiMAXoperator

The

Enterprise

BP

ISPLIS

The Internet

3G operator

BPLIS

Cable broadbandprovider

ISP

APLIS

BPLIS

MLC


MLC

d21

Copyright 2008© CommScope

www.andrew.com

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Business English Vocabulary