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First Gulf War The Gulf War (2 August 1990 – 28 February 1991) was a conflict between Iraq and a coalition force of 30 nations led by the United States and mandated by the United Nations in order to liberate Kuwait.
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Bush/Clinton/Bush 1988-Present
Whipsawing the American Political System
1988 Presidential Election: Bush v Dukakis
First Gulf War
• The Gulf War (2 August 1990 – 28 February 1991) was a conflict between Iraq and a coalition force of 30 nations led by the United States and mandated by the United Nations in order to liberate Kuwait.
1992 Presidential Election: Bush/Clinton/Perot
1992 Presidential Election
• Candidates Party Pop. Vote % Electoral Vote
• Clinton/Gore Democratic 44,909,806 43.01% 370 68.77% • Bush/Quayle Republican 39,104,550 37.45% 168 31.23% • Perot/Stockdale Independent 19,743,821 18.91% 0 0.00%
Clinton’s First Term
• 1993-1994: (examples) – Don’t Ask/Don’t Tell Policy on Gays in
Military– Efforts to bring women and minorities in high
government positions– Effort to pass National Health Insurance –
failed
Republican Revolution
• 1994 Congressional Elections: Republicans took both houses of Congress
• Incoming Speaker Newt Gingrich promised a Contract with America
• 1995: Confrontations with Clinton over government spending
Nicole Brown Simpson and Ron Brown
Murder (June 1994); OJ Simpson
Murder Trial, Jan-October
1995
1994 Congressional Elections: House
PartySeats
Seat percentage
Popular Vote1992 Elected Net Change
Democratic Party 258 204 -54 46.8% 44.0%
Independent 1 1 0 0.2% 0.9%
Republican Party 176 230 +54 52.8% 49.9%
Totals 435 435 +0 100.0% 100.0%
PartySeats
Seat percentage
Popular Vote1992 Elected Net Change
Democratic Party 258 204 -54 46.8% 44.0%
Independent 1 1 0 0.2% 0.9%
Republican Party 176 230 +54 52.8% 49.9%
Totals 435 435 +0 100.0% 100.0%
1994 Congressional Elections, Senate
• 1993-94 – 56 Democrats; 44 Republicans• 1995-96, Initially 52 Republicans to 48
Democrats. Two senators switched parties to give the Republicans a 54-46 majority. A special election returned a seat to the Democrats making the Republican majority 53-47.
Oklahoma City
Bombing, April 1995
Government Shutdowns
• November 14-19, 1995, resulted in the furlough of an estimated 800,000 federal employees.
• December 16, 1995 to January 6, 1996: On January 2, 1996, the estimate of furloughed federal employees was 284,000.
Legislation Passed: Welfare Reform
• 1996: PRWORA: Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunities Reconciliation Act of 1996. Ended the Title of the 1935 Social Security Act that provide “aid to families with dependent children” (AFDC).
1996 Presidential Election: Clinton wins reelection
Packers win Superbowl, Jan. 1997
Lewinsky Affair
• Affair began on November 15, 1995 and lasted until April 7, 1996.
• Came to public attention in January 1998.
Clinton Impeached
• September 1998: Starr Report recommending impeachment proceedings
• December 1998: House Judiciary Committee votes articles of impeachment
• December 1998: House votes articles of impeachment
• January-February 1999: Trial in Senate; Clinton acquitted 55-44 and 50-50 on the two articles.
U.S. Embassy Bombings in Nairobi and Dar es Salaam,
August 1998
Columbine High School Shooting, April 20, 1999
2000 Presidential Election
1988-Bush win 1992-Clinton win
1996-Clinton win2000-Bush win