Burnsbaloghia (Spiranthinae)

8/14/2019 Burnsbaloghia (Spiranthinae)

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DARIUSZ L. SZLACHEaXOGdan sk Unive~ity, Depa rtment of Plant Ec ology and Nature Protection, 81378 Gdyn ia, AI. Marsz. Pilsudskiego46, Polan d

B u r n s b a l o g h i a , a N e w M e x i c a n G e n u s o f t h e S u b t r i b e S p i r a n t h i n a e( O r c h i d a c e a e )

K EY W O RD STaxonomy,Bumsbaloghiagen. nov., Orchidaceae,MexicoABSTRACTSZLACHEI~O D .L . (1991): Bumsbaloghia, a new M exican genus of the subtribe Spiran thinae (Orchidaceae). -Folia Geob ot. Phytotax., Praha, 26: 397-402. - A new mon otypic genus Bumsbaloghia SZIACHETKO base d on thespeciesSpiranthesdiaphana LINDL. - originating from the state of O axaca, Mexico, s d escribed. Four illustrationsare provided.

Spi ranthes d iaphana w a s d e s c r i b e d b y LIN D LE Y i n 1 94 4. A y e a r l a t e r R i c h a r d a n d G a l e o t t ip r o p o s e d a n e w s p e c i e s - Spiranthes chloraeformis, a n d 5 3 y e a r s l a t e r R o b i n s o n a n dG r e e n m a n c i r c u m s c r i b e d Spiranthes oaxacana. Al l t h e s e d e s c r i p t i o n s w e r e b a s e d o nm a t e r i a l s o r i g i n a t in g f r o m t h e S t a t e o f O a x a c a , M e x i c o , a n d a l l v e r y s i m i l a r to o n e a n o t h e r .N o w S. chloraeformis RICH. e t GAL. and S . oaxacana R O B . e t G R E E N M . a r e c o n s i d e r e d a ss y n o n y m o u s w i t h S . d i aphana LINDL . (BLrRNS-BALOGH1986) .T h e t a x o n o m i c a l p o s i t io n o f S . d i aphana w a s v e r y u n c l e a r . S CH LE CH T ER ( 1 9 2 0 ) i n c l u d e d S .chloraeformis i n h i s n e w g e n u s Deiregyne.

D u e t o t h e s im i l a r i t y o f t h e g y n o s t e m i u m s t r u c t u r e a n d p e r i a n t h m o r p h o l o g y to t h a t o fSpiranthes transversalis R I C H . e t G A L . ( t h e t y p e o f Schiedeella SHLECHTER)BURNS-BALOGH( 1 9 8 6 a ) c o n n e c t e d Spi ranthes d iaphana w i t h t h e g e n u s Schiedeella. G A R A Y ( 1 9 8 2 ) c h o s eSpiranthes chloraeformis a s t h e l e c t o t y p e o f Deiregyne S c n L n c r r r E R . I n h e r e a r l y w o r k s ,B a l o gh p r o p o s e d Spi ranthes hemichrea L IN D L . a s t h e t y p e s p e c i e s f o r t h i s g e n u s ( 1 9 8 0 , 1 9 8 2 ) .I n m y o p i n io n , t h e B u r n s - B a l o g h c o n c e p t of Dei regyne i s c l o se r t o t ha t o f SCH LECH TER (1920 ) .A c c o r d i n g t o S c h l e c h t e r, Deiregyne s h o u l d b e c o n s i d e r e d a s r e l a t e d t o Sarcoglottis P R E S L d u et o a s i m i l a r a d n a t e n e c t a r s p u r , c o n n a t e s e p a l s a n d e r e c t f l o w e r s ( f o r d e t a i l e d d i s cu s s i o n s e eB tm N S -B A L O G H 1 98 6, 1 9 8 8 ). H o w e v e r , t h e s p u r o f Spi ranthes d iaphana i s d i f f e r e n t l y b u i l t( F i g . 1 ) . I t s s t r u c t u r e i s r e m i n i s c e n t o f a c u n i c u l u s ( s e e D R E S S L ER 1 9 8 1 ) . I t C o n s is t s o f t h e


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39 8 FOLIA GEOB OTAN ICA Er r PHYTOT AXONO MICA, 26, 1991

II

I t !. J

Fig. 1. Burnsbaloghia diaphana (LINDL.) SZLAEHETKO- a. longitudina l se ction of flower, b. an the r ve ntral view, c.dorsal view of the gynostemium apex;, Schiedeella llaveana (LINDL.) SCHLECHTER: d. lo ngitudi nal sectio n offlower, e. rostellum remnant, f. anther ventral view, g. dorsal view of the gynostemium apex; Sarcoglottis acaulis(J.E.SM.) SCI-ILECHTER : h. lon gitudina l section of flower, i. dorsal view of the g ynos temi um apex, k. ros tellu mremnant. Drawn from materials preserved in liquid (Scales i ram).


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SZLACHErKO:8URNSBALOGI-UA 399

a

P R I N G L E 6 1 0 1

Fig. 2. Peria nth dissection of isotype of Spiranthes oaxacana ROB. et GREENM., MO : a . dorsa l sepal, b. peta l, c.lateral sepal, d. lip. (scales 1 ram )

v e n t r a l su r f a c e o f th e g y n o s t e m i u m , i n s t e a d o f t h e c o l u m n f o o t and the l ip . So in th i sr e s p e c t i t d i f fe r s f r o m b o t h Deiregyne a n d Sarcoglottis.BLrRNS-BALOGH 1986) includes Spiranthes d iaphana i n t h e s e c t i o n Eriophora t o g e t h e r w i ththe fo l lowing spec ies : Schiedeella albovaginata (C. SCrIWEINF.)BALOGH,S. congestiflora ( L . O .WILLIAMS) BALO GH, S. eriophora (R OB . et GREEN M.) SCHLECHTER, S. trilineata (LINDL.)B AL OG H, e t c . T h i s c l a ss i fi c a ti o n is b a s e d o n t h e p r e s e n c e o f s c a r i o u s b r a c t s a n d t h e s i m i l a rc o l o u r o f n e c t a r y p a t c h e s . B u t t h e d i f f e r e n c e s i n g y n o s t e m i u m s t r u c t u r e a n d p e r i a n t hm o r p h o l o g y b e t w e e n Spiranthes diaphana and Spiranthes transversalis , o r a n y o t h e r s p e c i e s o fSchiedeella s e n s u B U R Ns-B A LO G H a r e v e r y s i g ni f ic a n t. T h e g y n o s t e m i u m o f Spiranthesdiaphana i s e r e c t a n d s l en d e r . T h e c o l u m n f o o t is c o m p l e t e l y r e d u c e d . T h e r o s t e l l u mr e m n a n t is s h o r t l y 3 - d e n t a t e w i t h t h e m i d d l e t o o t h s l i gh t ly l o n g e r t h a n t h e l a t e ra l s . T h es t i g m a g r a d u a l l y t ra n s f o r m s in t o t h e r o s t e l l u m a n d t h a t i s w h y i t s b a s e i s s o b r o a d , T h e


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400 FOLIA GEOBOTANICA El ' PHYTOTAXONOMICA,26, 1991

a n t h e r i s t o t a l ly h i d d e n b y t h e r o s t e l l u m . T h e h y p o c h i l e o f t h e S . d i a p h a n a l i p i s v e r y l o n ga n d n a r r o w . N o n e o f t h e s p e c ie s o f Schiedeel la p r o d u c e s s u c h a c a l l u s l ip a s S . d i apha na d o e s( P l a te 9 ) . F o r t h e s e r e a s o n s , I p r o p o s e t o s e p a r a t e Sp i r an t hes d i aphana I _ ZNDL. n to th e n ewgenus .Bu rn sb alo gh ia SZLACHETKO,g en . n o v .

R a d i c e s fa s c i c u l a t a e , c a r n o s a e . I n f l o r e s c e n t i a c o m p a c t a b r e v i s c a p i t u l lf o r m i s . B r a c t e a em a g n a e s c a r io s a e . C a / c a r ty p i "c u ni cn li ". H y p o c h i l i u m l o n g u m a n g u s t u m . E p i c h i li u m o v a t o -s a g i t t a tu m , b a s i in c r a s s a t i o n e V - f o r m i p u b e s c e n t i i n s t r u c t u m . R o s t e l l u m v i s c id i o a b l a t ot r i a n g u l a r e , a p i c e 3 - d e n t i c u l a t o : d e n t i c u l u s m e d i u s a c u t u s , l a t e r a / i b u s p a u l u m l o n g i o r . P e sr e d u c t u s . A g e n e r i b u s Schiedeella S C H L E C H T E R e t Deiregyne S C H L E C H T E R l a b e l l ic o n f i g u r a t i o n e , e p i c h i l i o b a s i in c r a s s a t o , r o s t e l l i r e s i d u i d i s t i n c t e t r i d e n t i c u l a t o d i f f e r t.T h i s g e n u s h o n o r s D r P a m e l a B u r n s - B a / o g h f o r h e r m a n y y e a r s o f s t ud y o f t h e s u b t r ib eSpiranthinae.I t c o n t a in s o n l y o n e s p e c i es , Burnsbaloghia d iaphancLBurnsbaloghia d iaphana 0 _ Z ~ L E Y ) S Z L A C H E T K Oc o m b . n o v .Basionym:SpiranthesdiaphanaLINDLEY,Bo t. Reg., M isc., 30: 12, 1844.Type: Jones s.n. (K-Lindley holotype).Synonymy:Spiranthes chloraeformisRICHARD et GA LEO Tn, A nn. Sci. Nat. , ser . 3(3): 33, 1845. - T ype: Galeotti5008 (P holotype, W -Reichenbach isotype).Spiranthes oaxaca na ROBINSONet GREENMAN, Proc. Am er. A cad . 32: 34, 1897. - Ty pe: Prin gle 6101 (US-holotype, BM , ED A, F, G , If , MO , - Fig. 2, NY, P, W , WU -isotypes).Gyrostachyschloraeforrnis RICH.et GA L.) O. II~UNTZERev. Gen. H: 664.Deiregynechloraeforrnis RICH.et GA L.) SCHLECt-rrERBeih . Bo t. Centralb l. 37 (2): 426, 1920.Schiedeella chloraeformis(RICH. et GA L.) BALOGH,Orq uidea (M ex.) 8(1): 38, 1981.Deiregynediaphana (LINDL.)GARAy,Bo t. Mu s. Leafl. 28(4): 312, 1982.Schiedeella diapha na (LIND.)BURNS-BALOGrl t GREENWOOD,O rquidea (M ex.) 10(1): 93, 1986.B u m s b a l o g h i a d i a p h a n a ( L I ~ L E Y ) S Z L A C H E T K O F i g . 3 )

T e r r e s t r i a l p e r e n n i a l . P l a n t 4 5 - 6 0 c m i n h e i g h t. R o o t s 2 . 5 -2 0 c m l o n g a n d 3 - 1 0 m m i nd i a m e t e r , f a s c i c u l a t e d , f le s h y , d e n s e l y , w h i t e p u b e s c e n t . F l o w e r i n g s p i k e e r e c t , s ti ff , s m o o t he n s h e a t h e d b y b r a c t s a n d w i th t h e r e m a i n s o f l e a v e s a t b a s e . S h e a t h s w h i te , b r o w n - v e to e d ,s m o o t h , m e m b r a n a c e o u s , a d h e r e d t o th e s t e m , s l ig h t ly s e t a p a r t a t th e a p e x , a c u t e , l o n g e rt h a n i n t e r n o d e s , b e n e a t h t h e i n f l o r e s c e n c e g a t h e r e d i n t o th e d e n s e r o s e t t e . L e a v e s 1 -3 , a tb a s e o f t h e s t e m , u s u a l l y f a d in g a t f l o w e r i n g t i m e , s e s si le , la n c e o l a t e , a c u t e . I n f l o r e s c e n c e 1 8 -5 0 m m l o n g , d e n s e , s u b c a p i t a t e t o c a p i t a t e , a x is s m o o t h . B r a c t s u p t o 3 0 m m l o n g a n d 1 0 -2 0m m w i d e, w h it e , b r o w n v e i n e d , s m o o t h , c o r d a t e t o o v a t e -o b l o n g , b r o a d e s t a t th e b a s e , 2 -3t i m e s l o n g e r t h a t t h e o v a r y . F l o w e r s r e l a t i v e l y l a r g e , r e s u p i n a t e , t u b i f o r m e d , p u f f e d u p a n ds e t a p a r t a t a p e x o n ly . S e p a l s f u s e d t o g e t h e r a t t h e b a s e . O v a r y a n d s e p a l s p u b e sc e n t . D o r s a ls e p a l 1 5 -1 9 m m l o n g , 3 - 6 m m w i d e , w h i t e w i t h 3 g r e e n v e i ns , l a n c e o l a t e , b r o a d e s t a b o v e t h em i d d l e , a c u t e t o m o r e o r le s s o b t u s e , c o n c a v e . L a t e r a l s e p a l s 1 5 -1 9 m m l o ng , 2. 9- 3. 5 m mw i d e , w h i t e w i t h g r e e n c e n t r a l v e i n , a s y m e t r i c , m o r e o r l e s s n a r r o w l y s a g i t t a t e t o a r c u a t e -s a g i tt a te , b r o a d e s t a b o v e t h e m i d d l e , a c u t e , a r c u a t e u n b e n t . P e t a l s 1 4 .5 -1 8 .5 m m l o n g , 1 . 7- 2m m w i d e , w h i t e , s m o o t h , a d n a t e t o t h e d o r s a l s e p a l , a s y m e t r ic , n a r r o w l y s a g i t ta t e , o b l o n g ,


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SZLACHETKO:BURNSBALOGHIA 40 1

~ ~ < \ ~ i 1,~! i ~ ~ ~ ,

i G 3 1 7

Fig . 3 . Bumsbaloghia d iaphana (LINDL.) SZLACHETKO: a . f lower side view, b. do rsa l sepal , e . pe ta l , d . la te ra lsepa l , e . l i p , f . ba re co lum n apex , bo t tom , g . b rac t . D raw n f rom ma te r i a l p re se rv ed in li qu id . ( sca l e s i r am ) .


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402 FOLIA GEOBOTANICA ET PHYI~TAXONOMICA, 26, 1991

broa des t a t ha l f - l eng th o r be low, acu t e . L ip cons is t s o f hypoch i l e and ep i ch i l e . Hypo ch i l e 7 -9mm long , 2 -2 .5 mm wide , g r een , na r rowly t rough- shaped , w i th t h i ckened edges and adhe r ingnec t a ry pa t ches , pubesce n t on t he ou t s ide . Ep ich i l e 9 .5 -11 mm long and 5 .5 -8 mm wide , wh i t ewi th g r een ve ines on the ye l low base , w ide ly ov a t e - sag i t t a t e , w i th o r w i thou t cons t r i c t ion i nthe midd le , a t t he base o f an ep i ch i l e wh i t e -g reen i sh , t h i ck , V- shaped , pubescen t ca l l u s .Gyn os t em ium up to 17 m m long , e r ec t t o a r cua t e , na r row, ha l f - fu sed wi th , the do r sa l s epa l ,pube scen t l ower su r f ace o f gynos t emium, r edu ced foo t. S t i gma t i c su r f ace l a rge and b ro ad .Ros t e l l um 1 .4 -2 .2 mm long , mass ive , b ro ad ly t r i angu la r , w i th v i s c id ium - na r rowly t r i angu la ra t apex, r o s t e l l um rem nan t - 3 -den ta t e , m idd le t oo th acu t e , sho r t , bu t d i s t inc t l y l onge r t hanl a t e r a l s . An the r 6 .5 man long , b rown , ob long-ova t e . V i sc id ium n ea r ly shea th - l i ke . Po l l i na r iumnar rowly V-shaped . C apsu le 9 -13 mm long , w i th f l ower d ry ing on the t op .

Di s t r i bu t ion : Mono typ ic genus found so f a r on ly i n t he S t a t e o f Oaxaca , Mex ico , on d ryexposed s lopes, be twe en sh rubs, am ong d ry spa r se oaks , i n l oam y so il , be tw een 1800 and2400 m a l t i t ude . Examined co l l ec t i on : Mex ico , S t a t e o f Oaxaca : Po r t i l l o de Lorenzo E o fMif la , 2.1 .1970, Po l la r d S-135 (SE L) - 5 mi l es of Oax aca Ci ty 25 .12 .1971, .W alker 72012 (K ) -Foo th i l l s o f Mt . San Fe l ipe , N o f Oaxac a t own , 21.03 .1934 , N age l ( sub . Os t lund ) 3804 (M O,US ) - San to Dom ingo , D ic i em. 22 , 1906, Con za t t i 1643 (F ) - Mt . nea r roa d f rom San Lor enzoto Mif la , 5.4 .1934, Nage l ( sub Sawyer) 3783 ( F) - G - 317 Burns- Balo gh sp i r i t co l lec t ion .

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I am grateful to Dr. T. Tacik for providing he Latin diagnosis, the Curators of herbaria at BM, EDA , F, G, K,MO, NY, P, SEL , US, W and WU for the loan of herbarium specimens, and to Dr. Pamela Burns-Balogh o r thespirit materials supplied.

LITERATURE CITEDBALOGH P. (1980): Systema tic studies of subtribe S p i r a n t h i n a e LINDLEY O r c h i d a c e a e ) . - Ph.D. dissertation.University of Maryland.BALOOHP. (1982): Generic redefu~ tion in subtribe S p i r a n t h i n a e ( O r c h i d a c e a e ) . - Am er. J. Bot. 69: 1119-1132.BURNS-BALOGHP. (1986): A synopsisof MexicanS p i r a n t h i n a e . - Orqnidea (Mex~) 10 (1): 47-96.BURNS-BALOGH P. (1988): A monograph of the genus D e i r e g y n e SCHLECHTER (subtribe S p i r a n t h i n a e , tribe

C r a n i c h i d e a e , subfamily p i r a n t h o id e a e , O r c h i d a c e a e ) . - Orqnidea (Mex.). 11:131-201.DRESSLERR.L. (1981): The orchids - natural history and dassification. - Harvard U niv. Press, Cambridge, 332 pp.GARAYL.A. (1982): A generic revision of the S p i r a n t h i n a e . - Bot. M us. Leafl. 28: 277-425.SCHLECHTERR. (1920) : Versuch einer Systematischen Neuordnung de r S p i r a n t h i n a e . - Beih. Bot. Centralbl., 37:317-454.

Received 29th November, 1989, accepted 25th June 1990

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Burnsbaloghia (Spiranthinae)