Burns Review

8/6/2019 Burns Review

1/20

Burns Review

Happy 4th (3rd) of July!


2/20

Why are Burns so bad?

In 2010 ~8,400 people were seen in an ER for

fireworks related burns

Around 2000 of these visits occur in the 30days surrounding the 4th of July


3/20

Burns:Why are they so bad?

Aside from the actual burn, what happens?

Burn affects blood-flow. (Capillary venous or

arterial?)

Affect bone and muscles

Affect the airway

Affect electrolyte transport over skin


4/20

Mechanism of Injury

What is a mechanism of injury?

How can this be applied to burns?

What types of burns are there? Thermal

Electrical

Chemical Light

Radiation


5/20

Considerations forMOIs

Thermal:

Chemical:

Electrical: Light:

Radiation:

What type is most likely to have airwaycompromise?


6/20

Electrical entrance and exit wounds


7/20

Classifications of burns

What are the classifications of Burns?

Old way of classifying

Newer way of classifying


8/20

Burn Classifications


9/20

Superficial

The first-degree burn usually produces a pink toreddish color on the burned skin.Mild swelling,tenderness and pain are also symptoms of a first-degree burn. This is the least serious type of burn and

involves only the upper layer of skin, the epidermis. Forthese minor burns, the victim should cool with plainwater and use non-prescription antibiotic creams.These burns usually heal on their own within a fewdays with little or no scarring. However, if a first-degree

burn is over a large area of the body, seek emergencymedical attention. Also, if an infant or elderly personsuffers any type of burn, even minor, obtain medicalassistance promptly.


10/20

Partial Thickness

Second-degree burns involve the epidermis and the second skinlayer, the dermis. The epidermis is destroyed and burned-through ina second-degree burn. There are the same symptoms of pain andswelling but the skin color is usually a bright red and blisters areproduced. Usually second-degree burns produce scarring. Second

degree burns may take from one to three weeks to heal but areconsidered minor if they cover no more than 15% of the total bodyarea in adults and 10% body area in children. These burns requiremedical attention and medication to heal properly. Call forimmediate medical help as soon as the burn occurs and do notapply any type of butter or greasy substance to the burn. This can

hamper cooling of the burn area and also do further damage.Consult medical personnel about whether or not to administerfluids to victim before arriving at a hospital.


11/20


12/20

Tx for all burns

Stop the Burning Process

How is this done for each type of burn?

W

hat must be considered in doing this? ABCs

How do we assess ABCs?

O

xygen needed for all burns?


13/20

Treatment ofSuperficial burns

Apply sterile water or saline if that would be

most comfortable.

If the burn is isolated to a small or peripheralarea, cool damp dressings (sterile) are ok.

Otherwise still use dry dressings.

IV/NS

?


14/20

Tx ofPartial thick burns

Wrap with loose dry dressings.

What considerations are made for blisters? (2)

Will these patients be in pain?

IV/NS?


15/20

Tx of Full thick Burns

Sterile Dry Burn sheet below patient.

Sterile dry burn sheet on top of patient.

Blanket covering the patient.

Fluid resuscitation


16/20

Extent of Burns

What are 2 methods of approximating surface

area burned?


17/20

Surface area ofBurns:


18/20

Determining severity of burns

What is taken into account?

Classification of burn

Cause/source of burn Regions burned

Percent TBSA burned

Age of patient

Pre existing conditions

Cardiac, Diabetes, Kidney diseases are more at risk


19/20

Questions?


20/20

Examples

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f19Rv6fO

UdM

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=de4B2OnIblM&feature=rela

ted

Documents

Burns Review