Upload
mauliddani-milly-latifah
View
35
Download
3
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Experiences with the operation of different dry digester
DRANCO
BEKON Burkart Schulte
Gesellschaft zur Verarbeitung organischer Abfälle - GVoA mbH Hille
1 Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March 2013 Mexico City
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March 2013 Mexico City 2
3
• Composting Plant for 50.000 To/ ann.
• Digester for 40.000 to/a type BEKON
• Landfill with a volume of 5 Mio m3
• MBT – plant for 100.000 to / ann. With digester type DRANCO
• Sewage treatment plant for 15 m3 / hour
• Drying plant for sewage sludge
• 3 power generators for landfill and digester gas
each 500 kW
• Infrastructure
Units at the Pohlsche-Heide
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March 2013 Mexico City
RDF Powerplant Minden
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March
2013 Mexico City 4
5
Privat public partnership company 65 % district government
35 % private Company
Society for recycling of organic waste
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March 2013 Mexico City
Operator of the recycling center Pohlsche Heide
6
ADVANTAGES OF ANAEROBIC DIGESTION OF SOLID WASTE
• PRODUCTION OF RENEWABLE ENERGY (60 TO 100 M³ OF METHANE/TON)
• L ESS ENERGIE NEEDED FOR AERATION OF THE COMPOST PILE
• 200 TIMES LESS ODOURS THAN AEROBIC COMPOSTING (BASIS: GRAMS OF VOC PER TON TREATED)
• LESS SURFACE AREA NEEDED AS FOR AEROBIC COMPOSTING
• HIGH PUBLIC ACCEPTANCE
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March 2013 Mexico City
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March 2013 Mexico City 7
Degradation of organic material:
AEROB
C6H12O6 + 6 O2 => 6 CO2 + 6 H2O Traubenzucker + Sauerstoff => Kohlendioxid + Wasser
Free Energie Go = - 2‘875 kJ/Mol = (Head)
ANAEROB:
C6H12O6 => 3 CO2 + 3 CH4 Traubenzucker => Kohlendioxid + Methan
Free Energie Go = - 132 kJ/Mol = (Methane)
Result:
Aerobe composting needs 20 times more energy then anaerobe digesting.
The remaining energy is in the Methane.
8
FULL STREAM DIGESTION
RESIDUAL WASTE
SHREDDER SORTING
ANAEROBIC DIGESTION
DEWATERING
COMPOST, INCINERATION, LANDFILL
METALS RDF
BIOGAS
PROCESS WATER
AEROBIC COMPOSTING / DRYING
WATER CO2
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March 2013 Mexico City
SCREENING
9
PARTIAL STREAM DIGESTION
RESIDUAL WASTE
SHREDDER SORTING
AEROBIC COMPOSTING
DRYING
COMPOST, INCINERATION OR LANDFILL
METALS RDF
CO2 WATER
ANAEROBIC DIGESTION
70 %
BIOGAS
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March 2013 Mexico City
30 %
BYPASS
SCREENING
10
PARTIAL STREAM DIGESTION
RESIDUAL WASTE
SHREDDER SORTING
AEROBIC COMPOSTING
DRYING
COMPOST, INCINERATION OR LANDFILL
METALS RDF
CO2 WATER
ANAEROBIC DIGESTION
70 %
BIOGAS
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March 2013 Mexico City
30 %
BYPASS
SCREENING
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March 2013 Mexico City 11
Basic Type of Digestor Technology :
Liquid Digestor
Plug Stream Digestor
Batch Digestor
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March 2013 Mexico City
12
13
MBT Pohlsche Heide
exhaust air treatment
digester
block heat and power plant
Mechanical treatment
Biological decomposition
Discharge to landfill
delivery
containerisation RDF*
*RDF = refused derived fuels Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March
2013 Mexico City
MBT Biological treatment
Loading unit
Digester Composting
Block heat and power plant
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March
2013 Mexico City 14
15
THE DRANCO DIGESTER Plug Flow - Process
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March 2013 Mexico City
16
DRANCO PLANT HILLE
FEEDING PUMP
STEAM GENERATOR
MIXING UNIT
Biogas
DRANCO DIGESTER 2.260 m³
Steam
DOSING UNIT
Sewage sludge
GAS STORAGE GAS COOLING
GAS BLOWERS
GAS ENGINE
RTO
Existing flare
SILOXANE ADSORBER
Process water
Municipal solid waste
INTENSIVE COMPOSTING
COMPOSTING Landfill
ROTATING SIEVE (60/300 mm)
MAGNET
Fraction < 60 mm
Fraction 60-300 mm
Fraction > 300 mm
TOTAL ENERGY PLANT
Landfill
AIR SEPARATOR
NON-FERROUS SEPARATOR
Heavy parts to incineration
Light parts
Heavy parts
SHREDDER
MAGNET
BALLISTIC SEPARATOR
Hard materials
Industrial waste
SHREDDER
To intermediate storage
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March 2013 Mexico City
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March
2013 Mexico City 17
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March
2013 Mexico City 18
To avoid the creation of H2S we can add Fe Cl2, this creates FeS and CL
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March
2013 Mexico City 19
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March
2013 Mexico City 20
Product outlet of the digester
21 Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March 2013 Mexico City
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March 2013 Mexico City 22
INPUT IN REACTOR & BIOGAS PRODUCTION -DRANCO PLANT POHLSCHE HEIDE-
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43
Week (2006)
To
ns
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Nm
³/Mg
eq
. wa
ste
l
Total reactor input Biogas production
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March 2013 Mexico City 23
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March
2013 Mexico City 24
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March 2013 Mexico City 25
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March 2013 Mexico City 26
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March
2013 Mexico City 27
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March 2013 Mexico City 28
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March
2013 Mexico City 29
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March 2013 Mexico City
30
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March 2013 Mexico City 31
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March
2013 Mexico City 32
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March
2013 Mexico City 33
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March
2013 Mexico City 34
MBA-Deponat
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March 2013 Mexico City 35
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March 2013 Mexico City
36
< 25 mm
37 Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March
2013 Mexico City
38
Dry fermentation of biowaste by
batch process
with Aerobisation of digestate
Process The
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March 2013 Mexico City
39
The Process
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March
2013 Mexico City
Vechta
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March
2013 Mexico City 40
41
Kusel, near Kaiserslautern Renewables 7,500 t/p.a. Electrical Power 330 kW In Operation as of 01/07 Local Heat / Drying
42
BioFert, Saalfeld, near Erfurt: 1050 KW Capacity: 18,200 Mg/a
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March 2013 Mexico City
PLANT OPERATING • Around 50 % of the output from a fermantation
Box is needet for the mixture with the fresch incoming biowaste.
• The mixture remains 4 weeks in the fermantation box.
• Filling and emtying is only done by wheehlloader.
• Bevore a box can be open, it has to be co2-purged in order to flush al methane out. This mixture goes to the powerplant and is burned.
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March 2013 Mexico City 43
44
HIGH-SOLIDS ANAEROBIC DIGESTION
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Cellulose
Cellulose paper
Kraft paper
Cardboard
Magazines
Newspaper
PE
TIME (DAYS)
BIO
DE
GR
AD
AT
ION
(%
)
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March
2013 Mexico City
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March 2013 Mexico City 45
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March 2013 Mexico City
46
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March 2013 Mexico City 47
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March 2013 Mexico City
48
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March 2013 Mexico City
49
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March 2013 Mexico City 50
Padua & Munich Biowaste Biogas Yield
Gas O
utp
ut
Nm
³/t
FM
0
15
30
45
60
75
90
105
120
135
150
165
180
195
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34
Verweilzeit in Tagen
Specif. Padua Output Nm³/t FM
175 m 3
/t or 365 kWh el /t FM
Specif. Munich Output 80 to 110Nm³/t FM
Detention Period (Days)
Gas
ert
rag
Nm
³/t
FM
52
Continuous Biogas Yield
Time
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March
2013 Mexico City
53
625 kW el Biogas Powerplant
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March 2013 Mexico City
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March 2013 Mexico City
54
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March
2013 Mexico City 55
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March
2013 Mexico City 56
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March
2013 Mexico City 57
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March 2013 Mexico City 58
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March 2013 Mexico City 59
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March 2013 Mexico City 60
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March
2013 Mexico City 61
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March 2013 Mexico City 62
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March 2013 Mexico City
63
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March 2013 Mexico City 64
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March 2013 Mexico City 65
66
My favored combination of DIGESTION processes
RESIDUAL WASTE
SHREDDER SORTING
AEROBIC COMPOSTING DRYING
COMPOST, INCINERATION OR LANDFILL
METALS RDF
CO2 WATER
DRANCO DIGESTION
50 %
BIOGAS
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March 2013 Mexico City
50 %
SCREENING
BEKON DIGESTION
Sludge etc.
BIOGAS
Small digester for a throughput up to 10 t per day
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March 2013 Mexico City 67
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March
2013 Mexico City 68
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March 2013 Mexico City 69
Electrical power 100 kW Electrical efficiency 38 % Thermal power 123 kW
Thermal efficiency 46.6 % Overall efficiency 84.6 %
Data for the Combined heat and power plant (CHP):
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March 2013 Mexico City 70
Economie of waste recycling
• Profit: – RDF production (we save around 20.000 t of oil per year)
– Kompost-produktion (in some countries 1 t costs more then 100 €)
– Methan-production ( we produce around 2 MW from digestion)
– Metall recycling
– Avoiding of a landfill ( an engeered Landfill can cost 10€ per m3)
• Costs: – Investment
– Finanzial costs
– Operation costs
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March 2013 Mexico City
71
My opinion:
• In the future the recycled material will be of increesing value.
• The costs of the recycling will decrease do to technical development
• The environmentel impact of the landfilling of untreated waste becomes unacceptable .
• Lets work together to develop a better waste policy worldwide.
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March
2013 Mexico City 72
Gracias por su atencion !
Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Organic Solid Waste - March
2013 Mexico City 73