BUREAU OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC RESOURCES … Brochure.… · Mainstreaming EAFM Program Ecosystems Approach to Fisheries Management Planning and mplementation Process 7. Institutional

PHILIPPINES

BUREAU OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC RESOURCES3F PCA Building, Elliptical Road, Diliman, Quezon City, [email protected]

Mainstreaming EAFM Program Ecosystems Approach to Fisheries Management Planning and Implementation Process

What is AN ECOSYSTEM-APPROACH?

• It is integrated management across land, water and natural resources that promotes both conservation and sustainable use of the whole ecosystem.

• It strives to find a balance between ecological well-being and human well-being through good governance.

EAFM Plan Outline

Why EAFM?

• Fisheries face many threats and issues that reduce their potential to contribute to sustainable development.

• In the past, fisheries management has taken a single species approach, but there are few success stories.

• There is a need to account for the broader ecosystem impacts of fisheries and to manage more holistically.

EAFM is the ecosystem approach (EA)applied to fisheries management (FM)

Ecosystem-Approach to Fisheries Management

EA + FM = EAFM

Five-Year EAFM Plan for__________FMA (Y1-Y5)1. Vision (Step 1) • Vision statement, illustration of common vision

2. Background (Step 1)

• Description and map of the FMA - ecosystem boundaries, political jurisdictions • History of fishing and management in the FMA (timeline, law/policy background) • Current status of fisheries resources and fishing livelihoods (baseline data on fleets, gear, people involved, IUUF, etc.) • Socio-economic profiles (stakeholder groups and their economic/development status and interests; socio-economic benefits, value chains, etc. where available) • Existing management arrangements (using governance benchmarking) • Special environmental and cultural considerations (protected area, ancestral domain, vulnerability to climate change/ disasters) Information and data needs (gaps)

3. Major issues and problems (Step 2) • Use risk assessment to prioritize issues and problems

4. Goals (Step 2) • Formulate goals for clustered issues to address priority issues and problems

5. Objectives, indicators and benchmarks (Step 3) • Setting objectives for each goal; identifying indicators and benchmarks to measure progress to achieve objectives (including data needs and data sources)

6. Management actions (Step 3) • Identify specific management actions to achieve objectives

ECOLOGIC AL WELL-BEING

HUMAN WELL-BEING

FOR FUTURE GENER ATION

GOOD GOVERNANCE

Impact

Low impactVery likely

High impactVery likely

Low impactUnlikely

Low impactNot likely

HIGHLOW


7. Institutional arrangements, community empowerment, capacity building (Step 3) • Councils, alliances, task forces, TWG, etc. • Stakeholder rights to participate in decision-making (through FARMC, and others) • Strategy and plan to build capacity to implement management actions

8. Monitoring, control and surveillance (MCS) framework/ arrangements9. Sustainable financing (Step 3) • Estimated costs of implementing management actions • Source of funds to finance management actions (budget, user fees, etc.) • Strategy for pooling of funds for inter-LGU/ inter-agency management actions

10. Implementation plan and communication strategy (Step 4)

• Strategy for continuing stakeholder engagement, especially in decision-making • Formulate key messages and appropriate communication strategy targeting various audiences to build consensus and support for the EAFM Plan and its implementation

11. Monitoring and Evaluation; review of the plan – (Step 5)

• Develop M&E plan that sets methods and frequency of measurement of indicators under each objective.

Management Action:

What management actions are currently being used?

EAFM plan objectives that will be addressed with this management action:

What Agency Responsible (Who)

When Where action is implemented

Indicative budget

Remarks

What specific tasks need to be done?

1. Role of BFAR and other national agenciesand/or 2. State the roles/tasks of LGUs with respect to their jurisdiction

Timeframe & milestones

Complementary activities outside scope/jurisdiction of BFAR (i.e. which require inter-depart-mental cooperation) e.g. PAMB of NIPAS protected area

What is the MAINSTREAMING-EAFM Program1?

BFAR is mainstreaming EAFM by facilitating EAFM planning and implementation processes in identified fisheries management areas (FMA), in partnership with LGUs, other national government agencies (NGAs), fisherfolk communities, civil society organizations, private sector, academe, and other stakeholders.

ObjectivesThe Program aims for stakeholders in an FMA to:

• Understand the concept and need for an ecosystem approach to fisheries management;• Acquire knowledge and skills to develop, implement and monitor an ‘EAFM Plan’ to sustainably manage capture fisheries;• Define and scope the FMA• Prepare and adopt an EAFM Plan for the FMA

The Fisheries Code (R.A. No. 8550, as amended by R.A. No. 10654) recognizes an ecosystem-based approach to fisheries management (EAFM) as the foundation for managing fisheries resources. Under EAFM, fisheries management necessarily includes conserving biodiversity, enhancing ecosystem services and addressing the impacts of climate change. EAFM entails balancing ecological well-being and human well-being through good governance - where resource use benefits are shared equitably and resource management is participatory and gender-sensitive.

Each identified fisheries management area prepares and implements an EAFM Plan. Stakeholders agree on goals, objectives, and management actions, and commit to perform their respective roles in implementing the EAFM Plan. Monitoring and evaluation are regularly conducted to ensure the progress and achievement of the goals and objectives, and that management actions are well executed.

The EAFM Plan is a ‘living document’ that is regularly refined and updated to address priority issues and problems. It also considers the governance capacity of implementing partners.

1 The materials used in the EAFM Planning and Implementation Process Guidebook and presentations were adapted from the Essential EAFM Training Course. (http://www.boblme.org/eafm/course_materials.html)


EAFM Planning and Implementation Process

The EAFM Planning and Implementation Process follows a standard procedure for preparing an EAFM Plan that promotes common understanding among all stakeholders of the principles and strategies underlying EAFM.

There are three stages in the process cycle:1) Plan - Prepare the EAFM Plan2) Do - Implement the plan3) Check and Improve - Monitor and evaluate implementation; adapt implementation based on the evaluation; and revise the plan if necessary.

The Future We Want: OUR VISION

• Increased jobs, profits, and improved economy• Improved human health and prosperity • Healthy environment and habitats • Well-governed fisheries sector• Abundant fisheries resources

EAFM Plan

In each Module in the EAFM Planning and Implementation Process, participants discuss and agree on components of the EAFM Plan. They document their outputs in templates provided in the Workbook. The templates are compiled to constitute the draft EAFM Plan following a standard outline.

Implementation of the EAFM Plan

1. Role of BFAR (convener of the EAFM Planning and Implementation Process; lead agency in implementing actions to manage fisheries beyond municipal waters; facilitator of inter-agency cooperation/collaboration);

2. Roles of partner LGUs (implementer of LGU actions within its political jurisdiction; partner in inter- LGU/inter-agency collaboration to implement the EAFM Plan in an ecologically meaningful scale).

There are five steps in the process cycle. The first three steps break down the developmentof the EAFM Plan:1) Define and scope the fisheries management area;2) Identify and prioritize issues and goals3) Develop the EAFM Plan containing the specific management actions.

Steps 4 and 5 correspond to the stages of implementation and M&E:4) Implement the Plan5) Monitor and evaluate implementation, adapt and improve the plan and/or its implementation.

PLAN

DO

CHECKAND IMPROVE

1

2

34

5

DEFINE & SCOPE THE FMA

IDENTIFY & PRIORITIZE

ISSUES & GOALS

DEVELOP EAFM PLANIMPLEMENT

THE PLAN

MONITOR, EVALUATE, & ADAPT

EAFMPLAN

STARTUP

REALITY CHECK


The Key Principles of EAFM

Good Governance

Cooperation& Coordination

AdaptiveManagement

PrecautionaryApproach

AppropriateScale

IncreasedParticipation

MultiplesObjectives

The EAFM Planning and Implementation Handbook and presentations divide the steps into Modules that participants go through to prepare the EAFM Plan. In the first workshop (Overview and Start-up Tasks), participants go through Modules 1-11 to understand the concepts and foundation for EAFM, and complete the start-up tasks. In the second workshop (Development of the Draft EAFM Plan), participants go through Modules 1-9 with associated Activities that guide them in the preparation of various sections of the EAFM Plan.

EAFM planning and implementation is a continuing process to ensure sustainability of fisheries resources, and improvement in the quality of life and livelihoods of fisherfolk communities

ACTIONS ACTIONS ACTIONSThe Plan

Adapt Plan

Adapt Plan

VISIONGOALS

OBJECTIVE1

INDICATOR& BENCHMARK



OBJECTIVE2

OBJECTIVE3


Convening Participants to Prepare the EAFM Plan

A key principle of EAFM is the increased participation of stakeholders. However, the scale of an FMA poses a big challenge in convening all stakeholders to discuss and agree on an EAFM Plan with all its detailed components. Keeping in mind the need for meaningful and effective participation of all stakeholders at various stages of EAFM planning and implementation, the process is divided into three key events that BFAR, as program implementer, leads and facilitates:

1.) Workshop 1Overview and Start-up Task BFAR convenes an EAFM Team for the FMA to lay the foundation for the EAFM planning and implementation process. The EAFM team learns about EAFM and performs start-up tasks to prepare for developing the draft EAFM Plan, including informing other stakeholders of the EAFM planning and implementation process;

2.) Workshop 2Development of the draft EAFM Plan The EAFM team re-convenes, bringing materials and information from stakeholders needed to define and scope the FMA and develop a draft EAFM Plan;

3.) Stakeholder ConsultationValidation and adoption of the EAFM PlanThe EAFM Team convenes a stakeholder consultation (with sufficient representation from all key stakeholder groups) to review and validate and/or revise the draft EAFM Plan. Stakeholders may agree to adopt the plan (as stakeholders), and/or agree to a process of formal adoption of the plan by each LGU (through the process provided under the Local Government Code). The stakeholder consultation is a continuing process of getting consensus and commitment to implement the EAFM Plan.

Documents

BUREAU OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC RESOURCES … Brochure.… · Mainstreaming EAFM Program Ecosystems Approach to Fisheries Management Planning and mplementation Process 7. Institutional