BUILDING SERVICES

Building Services Water supply

Waste Water system Heating and Production of DHW

ChimneyGas supply Gas supply Ventilation

Air-conditioning

Szikra Csaba

Water supplyWaste Water system

Water Supply of domestic level

Main considerations

1. Valves

2. Drainage

3. Section Valves

4. Equipments4. Equipments

5. Isolation of equipments

6. Main metering

7. Domestic metering

8. Exhausting of air

9. Pipe and material

10.Size of the pipe -1-2

11.Driving of pipe

Pipe materials Copper, Poly ethylene, PVC

Pipe materials Composite materials

Vzellts - Csatornzs

Production of Domestic Hot Water byWall mounted boiler with indirectly heated water storage

Control:

Temperature sensor

Switch valve

Guided for DHW

production;

Advantages:

Smaller necessary heat

capacity

Continuously served hot

Boiler

Switchvalve

Bypassvalve

Heat emiter

Gzellts

water with uniform

temperature

Suitable for circulating

network

Condensation boiler

technology

Domestic board sizes:

Nominal heat

capacity10 .. 28kW

Storage capacity: 50 ..

200l

Hot water storage

Temperature sensor

Heat exchanger

Water and DHW Supply of domestic level

Water and DHW Supply of domestic level with circulating pipe network

non return

valve

Pump,

Domestic water metering

Length [mm] 130Size [coll]

a [mm]: 70

pletenergetikai s pletgpszeti Tanszk1111 Budapest, Megyetem rkp. 3.

a [mm]: 70b [mm]: 130c [mm]: 230d [mm]: 53e [mm] 17,5Sly [kg]: 0,5

Waste Water SystemFloor sink

Cast iron drainage grate (old fashion type)

Generally for rooms where escaped water arises (shower, industrial kitchen, etc.)

Main problem is the solution of an adequate joint with the building construction (water proofing)

Suez type trap Floor sink with inbuilt trap Connection for one or two Connection for one or two additional equipment connection (hand wash or shower)

Modern floor sinks: Floor sink with inbuilt trap Connection for additional equipment(s)

Horizontal or vertical outlet connection

Inbuilt check valve (against back flush )

DN40, DN50 inlet size Adjustable stainless steel cover (elevation range 12 90mm)

Minium space demand 12cm Equipped with water proofing flange

Sink: mixing tap for cold and hot water

auxiliary vent (2 pieces) DN50 sewage pipe connection Construction

single double triple basins with or without drip plate Cast Iron, Ceramic, drawn-shell

case steel sheet with enamel covering, Stainless steel

Wall mounted basin:

Waste Water SystemKitchen

Wall mounted basin: single tap wit cold and hot water

auxiliary vent (2 pieces) DN50 sewage pipe connection Construction:

Cast Iron, Ceramic, drawn-shell case steel sheet with enamel covering, Stainless steel

threaded connection for flexible pipe

equipped with air inlet valve

Trap for washing and washing-up machine

auxiliary vent DN40 sewage pipe connection Equipped with air inlet valve

Bath and shower:

mixing tap for cold and hot

water

auxiliary vent (2 pieces)

DN50 sewage pipe connection

Construction:

Cast Iron, Ceramic, drawn-shell

case steel sheet with enamel

covering, Stainless steel

Waste Water SystemBathroom

With inbuilt trap or connection

to the floor sink

Inbuilt

Hand wash

mixing tap for cold and hot

water

auxiliary vent (2 pieces)

DN40 sewage pipe connection

Construction:

Porcelain

Inbuilt

Waste Water SystemEquipments Lavatory

Toilet:

Types:

Horizontal or vertical outlet

Hi-flush or low-flush .

Overhanging or standing

Flush tank: inbuilt, wall mounted,

Connections:

DN100 sewage pipe.

3/8 cold water.

Construction: Construction:

Porcelain.

Bidet:

Connections:

DN40 sewage pipe.

1/2 cold and hot water with mixing tap

Pissuire:

Connections:

DN40 sewage pipe.

1/2 cold water, with manual and controlled

valve 600

Sewage Pipe NetworkParts of the inner pipe network:

Pipe materials PVC, Hard Poly Ethilen with bell connections

Heating Production of Domestic Hot Water

Chimney

Chimney

Different systems:Class a. : Open combustion chamber (no chimney)

The supplied air from the indoor environment The burning product is driven to the indoor

environment

Class b. : Atmospheric systemThe supplied air from the indoor environment The supplied air from the indoor environment

The burning product is driven out from the indoor environment by a chimney

Closed Air Circuit

Class c. : Closed system The supplied air from the outdoor environment The burning product is driven out from the

indoor environment by a chimney There is no connection of the indoor

environment a the the burning area

Individual Chimney Stack

Chimney

Equipment

Spoil draught

Supplementary Chimney Stack

Individual chimney

ChimneySupplementarystack(shunt)Spoil draught

Equipment

U-duct Chimney System

h

Flue gas (smoke)Air

Equipment

Heating and production of DHW with wall mounted boiler Closed System

Airfor combustion

Flue gas(smoke)

Equipment

Chimney for Closed Systems 1

Chimney for Closed Systems 2


Chimney Materials

Built chimneys: Brick Body with of without insulation Stainless steel or aluminum inner pipe

Constructed chimneysAluminum external pipe coveringAluminum external pipe covering

Insulation (rock wool) Stainless steel inner pipe

Other materials: Schamotte

24kW Net heat

Levels Inner pipe diameter (exetral size)

1 equipment by floor 2 equipments by floor

1 14 (36x36) 18 (40x40)2 16 (36x36) 22 (48x48)

Chimney for Closed Systems size

2 16 (36x36) 22 (48x48)3 18 (40x40) 25 (48x48)

4 20 (40x40) 30 (55x55)

5 22 (48x48)


Water and DHW Supply of domestic level with circulating pipe network and chimney

Space demand:

Single Meter

Interconnecting pipe

always from left

Service connection

always from right

Closing valve in both

side above 6m3/h

Gas MetersRules of Placement of meters in domestic level


network:

Service

connection

2

0

0 Interconnecting pipe

network:

1

2

0

0

side above 6m /h

Ventilatable,

lockable cabinet

Multi Meter place

Water jacket

Nominal size in

domestic level

G4,G6 (m3/h)

Size: 302410 (cm)

Connection:1 1,

25cm

500

6

0

0

2

5

0

1

2

0

0

.

.

1

7

0

0

9

0

0

1

6

0

0

2

5

0

1000

1

2

0

0

Gas SupplyGas distribution system Domestic pipe network


Service connections

ChimneyBoylerKitchen stove

Esta

te b o

r der

2

0

0

1

6

0

0

7

0

0

Gas meter

0,00

steel1"

steel1"

1

1

0

0

1

2

0

0

Small domestic Ventilation systems

Requirements: Toilet: 50m3/h Bathroom: 100m3/h Kitchen: 200m3/h Other: Minimum ACH = 0.5

System:System: Local wall mounted exhaust fan Local Kitchen Equipment Natural ventilation

Duct Diameter:

100 300, max air velocity velocity 4-6m/s


Wall mounted, centrifugal fans. This types of fan is often applied in exhaust ventilation of bathrooms and toilets. There is a small fan installed in each rooms which required ventilation.

In each wall mounted fan there is In each wall mounted fan there is an back draught shutter to avoid unnecessary back circulation from other rooms.

As it was seen in local exhaust and inlet ventilation also there is only one duct for the incoming or leaving air. The only different is in stead of applying local fans one bigger size fan serving the ventilated areas.

This ventilation system schema is mostly applied in exhaust ventilation system of multilevel buildings. The fan is installed in the main duct or at the end of the duct as a roof fan.

Heat recovery system can not be applied, and also the

Ventilation and Air Handling

Central ventilation Exhaust system

Heat recovery system can not be applied, and also the demand control can not be achieved easily, so this system is not energy efficient.

Application of this system is advantageous where there is no heat requirement and continuous operation is required

If demand control is required, there is possible to install motor controlled shuttle valve, which closes the airflow when there is no need for ventilation. In this case the electric motor of the fan has frequency converter, so the volume flow rate is adjustable.

Department of Building Energetics and ServicesH 1111 Budapest, Megyetem rkp. 3.


Central ventilation Exhaust system

Duct material:

Steel (~1mm)

Size:

100 125 160 200 250 314 mm

Where to place: Shaft

Necessary diameter [4 m/s air speed]

100 100m3/h

125 150m3/h


125 150m3/h

160 250m3/h

200 400m3/h

250 700m3/h

315 1200m3/h

Roof fan: These types of fans are mounted at the end of the duct on masonry wall or on external metal frame. There two types of roof fans according to the direction of the ejecting air: horizontal and vertical Considering acoustic point of view, the vertical type is better, because the radiated noise distribution is higher at the top of the instrument.


Fans

Duct fans: For smaller pressure head there is an

Department of Building Energetics and Services

H 1111 Budapest, Megyetem rkp. 3.

Duct fans: For smaller pressure head there is an axial bladed, for higher there are pressure head radial bladed. Axial bladed fans mostly are applied in smaller systems. Because of in bigger system needs bigger pressure, so in higher system always better o apply redial bladed fans. For smaller systems better to apply duct fan because there is no need for separated room for the ventilation. Disadvantages of the duct fans are the noise level, which emitted to the fans environment. Duct fan is suitable for exhaust, inlet and also for balanced ventilation system.


Central ventilation system

Air handling unit

Inlet air

outlet air

Ventilated area

Fresh air Exhaust air

In central ventilation system the incoming and the exhausting air join in one common area, which is always an air handling unit. For the air handling unit there are separated ducts, which are

Fresh air duct, with an air intake inlet at the external area,

Exhaust duct, with an ejection outlet also in the external area,

Inlet duct for serving the handled air to the ventilated area,

Outlet duct for the removal and delivering to the air handling unit of the used air.

One important aim of the air handling unit is to recover the energy content from the exhaust air to the fresh air.

Department of Building Energetics and ServicesH 1111 Budapest, Megyetem rkp. 3.

In balanced ventilation system there is no pressure different in-between the ventilated area and its surroundings.

In this case for the incoming and also for the exhausting air there are separated duct with inbuilt fan.

With balanced ventilation system all the other services can be handled.


Air distribution

FanExhaust air

FanInlet air

the other services can be handled.

Also with a small modification of the incoming and exhausting air volume, this can be achieved by adjusting element, depressive and compressive ventilation system can be operated.

Department of Building Energetics and Services

H 1111 Budapest, Megyetem rkp. 3.

Fan

Documents

BUILDING SERVICES