Building Information Modeling (BIM) in the Egyptian

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Ain Shams University

Faculty of Engineering

Department of Structural Engineering Department

Building Information Modeling (BIM) in the Egyptian Construction

Industry

by

Eng. Rana Mamdouh Hosney, B.Sc. in Structural Engineering (2010)

Structural Engineering Department



A Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment for the requirements of the Degree of

Master of Science in Structural Engineering

Supervisors

Prof. Dr. Ahmed Sherif Essawy Dr. Mohamed Ahmed El -Mikawi Emeritus Professor of Concrete Structures, Assoc. Professor of

Construction

Structural Eng. Dept. Management, Structural Eng.

Dept.

Ain Shams University Ain Shams University

2016

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Abstract

The Construction Industry represents a major factor in the development of nations. The

development of construction projects is in response to the increasing demand by private

and public sectors and by governments to improve the quality of life and well-being of

its citizens. Hence, there is a need for better tools and the increased use of technology

to improve the efficiency in the delivery of construction projects.

Building Information Modeling (BIM) is considered as a new management process that

has been applied in a number of countries to improve the efficiency of project delivery.

So, research in this area has focused on carrying out studies related to this new process,

its goals and uses that may be helpful in developing construction industry. BIM has

been used in a variety of projects with different uses but it still needs to be studied by

examining its ability to reduce waste in projects and its ability to be applied according

to country regulations.

Currently, the Egyptian construction industry is facing a major challenge to develop

various types of projects all-over the country to be competitor in construction market

and accommodate its growth all-over the world. Hence, this research is carried out to

study the concept of applying a management tool, BIM, in the Egyptian construction

industry and assess some of BIM benefits and constraints during the construction

process. This will be illustrated in the thesis according to an analytical data depended

on a random sample for BIM engineers in Egypt extracted from their responses on a

conducted questionnaire for different companies. Also, it will be followed by a review

for an applied model for case studies to detect the effect of using BIM process through

its lifecycle and by applying different dimensions of the model. Moreover, according

to the presented case studies there will be a detailed comparison of applying BIM and

applying traditional methods in these projects.

This will finally help in presenting a good vision about applicability of BIM in Egyptian

construction industry, benefits and constraint. On the other hand, it will introduce a

good review for the different n’D models in all project phases.

This research work demonstrated the importance of using BIM in construction projects

in Egypt as a powerful tool which contributes to achieving many benefits throughout

project lifecycle that can improve its efficiency and productivity. Respondents to

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conducted survey assured adopting BIM in construction industry gradually as the

knowledge and benefits of BIM become more apparent. The presented case study also

proved the importance of applying 5D model in enhancing project control process.

Keywords: Building Information Modeling, Construction Modeling, Project Control

Systems, 5D BIM Model, Systems Coordination, Management Tools

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Department of Structural Engineering

Approval Sheet

Thesis : Master of Science in Structural Engineering

Student Name : Rana Mamdouh Hosney Hassan

Thesis Title : Building Information Modeling In Egyptian Construction

Industry

Examiners Committee:

Signature

PROF. DR. MOHAMED M. MAHDY MARZOUK ……………………..

Professor of Construction Engineering and Management

Structural Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering

Cairo University

PROF. DR. IBRAHIM ABD-ALRASHID NOSIER .……………………..

Emeritus Professor of Construction Projects Management



PROF. DR. AHMED SHERIEF ESSAWY .……………………..

Emeritus Professor of Reinforced Concrete Structures



DR. MOHAMED A.ELMIKAWI ……………………..

Associate Professor Structural Engineering Department

Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University

Date: / / 2016

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Statement

This thesis is submitted to Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University,

Cairo Egypt, for the degree of Master of Science in Structural Engineering.

The work included in this thesis was carried out by the author in the Department

of Structural Engineering, Ain Shams University, from 2012 to 2016.

No part of this thesis has been submitted for a degree or qualification at any

other University or Institute.

Date: / / 2016

Name: Rana Mamdouh Hosney Hassan

Signature:

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INFORMATION ABOUT THE RESEARCHER

Name: Rana Mamdouh Hosney Hassan

Date of Birth: March, 14th, 1988

Place of Birth: Egypt

Last Academic Degree: 2010, B.Sc. in Structural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering,

Ain-Shams University

Present Job: Planning Engineer

Signature:

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AIN SHAMS UNIVERSITY

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING

STRUCTURAL DEPARTMENT

Summary of the MSc. Thesis Submitted by

Eng. Rana Mamdouh Hosney Hassan

Title of the thesis:

Building Information Modeling in Egyptian Construction Industry

This thesis aims to understand the Building Information Modeling process (BIM) in

Egyptian construction industry, and how to better utilize it to manage projects during

its different phases.

This is besides establishing an analysis for the point of view of a selected group of

engineers whom have a previous experience in applying BIM in their work.

The thesis introduces a study for two case studies which applied BIM in their work to

realize the effectiveness and benefits of using BIM in construction projects. This is in

addition to submit a 5D model for one of the two case studies to show its benefits and

effectiveness on project.

The thesis is divided into six chapters as follow:

Chapter 1: Introduction

This chapter presents an overview of the research that includes introduction, problem

statement and motivation. Also it provides a description of the main and sub-objectives

of the research. Finally, it presents a summary of the methodology adopted to achieve

the thesis’s objective.

Chapter 2: Literature Review

This chapter provides a detailed overview for BIM according to previous researches on

the same topic.

Chapter 3: Research Approach and Methodology

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This chapter includes the suggested plan for the research that will help to reach to the

intended aim of the thesis and that will be according to giving a review for the

methodology of developing a questionnaire on the topic of using BIM in Egyptian

construction industry which is introduced to a selected group of engineers have a

previous experience about using BIM.

Also this chapter includes the methodology of developing the 5D model on the elected

case study.

Chapter 4: Analysis of Questionnaire Results

This chapter contains the procedure of evaluating BIM process and its benefits, and this

is according to create an analysis for questionnaire answers and preview for the

concluded results from analysis.

Chapter 5: Preview of Case Studies and Development of 5D Model

This chapter introduces an abbreviated explanation for the two elected case studies

which have been applied BIM process, also it introduces a proposed section for the

development of 5D model on one of the elected case studies.

Chapter 6: Conclusion and Recommendations

This chapter provides the general conclusion of the research and some

recommendations for future research work in the same topic.

Some of thesis contributions are:

1- The importance of using BIM in the Egyptian construction industry for the

development of Egyptian construction market.

2- The importance of using BIM in all project phases.

3- The contribution of BIM in many benefits for the project like improve of project

control and productivity (this chapter provides some of the benefits of using

BIM process).

4- Identify some of the BIM process risks and introduces of some

recommendations should be taken into consideration.

5- The new BIM model dimensions like 5D model can be used to reach to

additional benefits in construction management field.

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6- The 5D model in BIM is one of the tools that will contribute in improving

performance of construction projects and possess a wide benefit.

Supervisors:

Prof. Dr. Ahmed Sherif Essawy ………………………

Dr. Mohamed A. El-Mikawi ………………………

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Table of Contents

Chapter 1 ...................................................................................................................... 22

Introduction ................................................................................................................. 22

1.1 General ............................................................................................................. 22

1.1.1 Benefits of Using BIM ................................................................................ 22

1.2 Problem Statement ........................................................................................... 23

1.3 Merits of Achievement of 5D -BIM: ............................................................... 24

1.4 Research Objectives: ........................................................................................ 25

1.5 Methodology: ................................................................................................... 25

1.6 Thesis Organization ......................................................................................... 26

Chapter 2 ...................................................................................................................... 29

Literature Review ......................................................................................................... 29

2.1 Introduction: ..................................................................................................... 29

2.2 Definition for BIM ........................................................................................... 31

2.2.1 Dimensions of BIM Model: ......................................................................... 32

2.3 Advantages and Disadvantages of BIM ........................................................... 33

2.3.1 Advantages of BIM: .................................................................................... 34

2.3.2 Disadvantages of BIM: ................................................................................ 35

2.4 Introducing Building Information Modeling into Construction Management: 36

2.4.1 BIM and Green Building: ............................................................................ 37

2.4.2 BIM and Cost Control ................................................................................. 38

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2.4.3 BIM and Cost Estimating ............................................................................ 39

2.4.4 BIM and Quality Control:............................................................................ 43

2.4.5 BIM and Asset Management: ...................................................................... 46

2.4.6 BIM and Risk Management:........................................................................ 46

2.4.7 BIM for Construction Logistic Plan and Safety Logistic Plan .................... 47

2.4.8 BIM and Productivity .................................................................................. 48

2.5 BIM Execution Plan:........................................................................................ 48

2.5.1 Description: ................................................................................................. 49

2.5.2 What Information is Included in a BIM Project Execution Plan? ............... 49

2.5.3 Example of Software Programs for Applying BIM: ................................... 52

2.6 BIM Roles and Responsibilities: ....................................................................... 53

2.6.1 BIM Manager: ............................................................................................. 53

2.6.2 Discipline Trade BIM Coordinators: ........................................................... 55

2.7 Determining of BIM Uses and Goals: ............................................................... 55

2.7.1 Example of Goals of Projects and Uses of BIM to Reach These Goals: ..... 55

2.7.2 Some of BIM Uses Expected to be Achieved by Applying BIM Technology

on Construction Projects:...................................................................................... 56

2.8 BIM Model: ...................................................................................................... 67

2.8.1 Parametric Modeling ................................................................................... 67

2.9 Principles of Building Information Modeling process and Roles of 4D and 5D

Modeling .................................................................................................................. 68

2.10 Model Level of Development......................................................................... 72

2.10.1 Submission Requirements for BIM Process .............................................. 72

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2.10.2 LOD Definitions: ....................................................................................... 73

2.11 Importance of BIM for Contractor, Owner, and Designers in Construction

Projects: .................................................................................................................... 75

2.11.1 Benefits of BIM for Contractor: ................................................................ 75

2.11.2 Benefits of BIM for Owner: ...................................................................... 76

2.11.3 Benefits of BIM for Designers: ................................................................. 78

Chapter 3 ...................................................................................................................... 81

Research Approach and Methodology ........................................................................ 81

3.1General: ............................................................................................................. 81

3.2 Design of the Questionnaire: ........................................................................... 82

3.2.1 Detailed Requirements for Questionnaire Design: ...................................... 82

3.2.2 Structure of the Questionnaire: .................................................................... 82

3.2.3 Selected Respondent Sample for the Questionnaire: ................................... 85

3.3 Questionnaire Analysis Techniques: ................................................................ 86

3.3.1 Calculation of Sample Size: ........................................................................ 86

3.3.2 Methods of Distribution of Questionnaire: .................................................. 88

3.3.4 Analysis of the Questionnaire Results: ........................................................ 88

3.4 Methodology for Case Studies and Establishing 5D Model for a Selected

Project: ..................................................................................................................... 91

3.4.1 Targets from this Part of Methodology: ...................................................... 91

3.4.2 Preview for case study (I) Using BIM 4D Model and Returned Benefits

from Using BIM in the Project ............................................................................. 92

3.4.3 Case Study (II) and Development of 5D Model .......................................... 92

Chapter 4 ...................................................................................................................... 99

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Analysis of Questionnaire Results ................................................................................ 99

4.1 General: ............................................................................................................ 99

4.2 Analysis of Questionnaire General Information .............................................. 99

4.3 Analysis of Answers to the Questionnaire According to Null Hypothesis

Test 103

4.3.1 Results for Section (one) on Using BIM in Egyptian Construction Industry

and its Knowledge in Egypt................................................................................ 103

4.3.2 Result of Section (two) on Benefits of Using BIM in Construction

Industry ............................................................................................................... 111

4.3.3 Results of Section (three) on Constraints in Using BIM in Construction

Industry ............................................................................................................... 140

Chapter 5 .................................................................................................................... 149

Preview of Case Studies and Development 5D Model .............................................. 149

5.1 General: .......................................................................................................... 149

5.2 Case Study (one): ........................................................................................... 149

5.2.1 Project Definition: ..................................................................................... 149

5.2.2 Scope of BIM in the Contract .................................................................... 150

5.2.3 Level of Development for the Lifecycle of the Project ............................. 151

5.2.4 Deliverables for the Project BIM Model: .................................................. 154

5.3 Case Study (two): ........................................................................................... 170

5.3.1 Project Definition: ..................................................................................... 170

5.3.2 History about Consultant in BIM Field: .................................................... 172

5.3.3 Scope of BIM in Consultant Contract: ...................................................... 173

5.3.4 Steps for Design Process for Jeddah Hotel:............................................... 175

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5.3.5 Deliverables for the Project BIM Model: .................................................. 176

5.3.6 Comparison Between BIM Process and Traditional Method for Case

Study ................................................................................................................... 199

Chapter 6 .................................................................................................................... 206

Conclusions and Recommendations .......................................................................... 206

6.1 Summary: ....................................................................................................... 206

6.2 Conclusion: ..................................................................................................... 206

6.2.1 Conclusions from Analysis of Questionnaire Results: .............................. 207

6.2.2 Conclusions from Reported Case Studies ................................................. 209

6.3 Research Contribution: .................................................................................. 211

6.4 Recommendations for Future Work: ............................................................. 211

References: ................................................................................................................. 212

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Table of figures:

Figure 1.1 Research methodology chart ...................................................................... 28

Figure 2.1 Innovaya BIM solutions for estimating cost (Innovaya (2010)21) .............. 42

Figure 2.2 Innovaya Visual Estimating application screen (Sabol L (2008)13) ........... 42

Figure 2.3 Tagging NCR reports into BIM model (Inglesis P.(2013)14) ..................... 44

Figure 2.4 Tagging inspection and test plan into BIM model (Inglesis P. (2013)14) ... 44

Figure 2.5 Tagging laboratory tests into BIM model (Inglesis P. (2013)14) ................ 45

Figure 2.6 BIM Project Execution Planning Procedure (Anumba, et al, 2010)15). ..... 50

Figure 2.7 BIM Project Map (Baker, C., et al. (2012)17) ............................................. 51

Figure 2.8 Sample for BIM goals (Anumba, et al, 2010)15). ....................................... 55

Figure 2.9 BIM Use Description (Anumba, et al, 2010)15). ........................................ 56

Figure 2.10 Multiple Models into a “Composite Model” ( (Ernstrom, et al., 2006)40)62

Figure 2.11 Relationships between parties involved in the design process and the BIM

project. (Kuehmeier, (2008)4) ...................................................................................... 71

Figure 3.1 Methodology flow chart ............................................................................. 81

Figure 3.2 One-tailed z-test (BCIT (2003)55) .............................................................. 91

Figure 3.3 Two-tailed z-test (BCIT (2003)55) .............................................................. 91

Figure 3.4 Case study methodology flow chart ........................................................... 94

Figure 4.1 Participants fields of work chart ............................................................... 100

Figure 4.2 Participants years of experience chart ...................................................... 101

Figure 4.3 Participants experience in using BIM chart .............................................. 101

Figure 4.4 Participants years of experience in BIM chart ......................................... 102

Figure 4.5 Participants fields of work ........................................................................ 103

Figure 4.6 Question 1 answers percentage chart ....................................................... 105



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Building Information Modeling (BIM) in the Egyptian