Building & Finish-08_floor Finish

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lecture_08 Building and finish materials_ Md. MIZANUR RAHMAN American International University-Bangladesh

Arc

h12

05


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. Floor Finish .



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_Floor Finish >> Purposes / functions

Floors are a major functional component of a building. They are itsprimary surface, subject to water, grit, dust and the abrasive and penetrating

action of feet and furniture. They must be designed to deal with problems ofskid resistance, sanitation and noise reduction between floors of a building.

Therefore, surface finishes have a critical influence on theaesthetic qualities of a space. In the selection and use of a finishmaterial, we should carefully consider color, texture, pattern and theway it meets and joins with the other material. If a finish material hasmodular characteristics, then its unit dimensions can be used to

regulate the dimensions of a wall, floor, of ceiling surface.

Floors also interact in various ways with light: some floor materials

give mirror like reflections, some give diffuse reflections or none at all. Darkflooring materials absorbs most of the light incident upon them, whereaslight materials reflect most incident light and help create a brighter room.

Floors have a lot of to do with our visual and tactileappreciation of a building. We sense their colors, patterns, andtextures, their feel underfoot, and the noises they make inresponse to footsteps.



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_Floor Finish >>

>> mixer prepared in site_

>> Placing in site on adhesive_

.Installing.

.Casting.Terrazzo

Mosaic

TilesMarble

Artificial patent stone


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_Floor Finish >> Artificial patent stone > 25mm / 38mm


>> Artificial patent stone_

>> chiseling_

>> Neat cement finish_

>> Curing _

. add color pigment .

. alternate panels .

. groove line .


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2. Mass Concrete on sub-floor >> 25mm / 38mm in thickness :

Cement : Sand : chips = 1 : 2 : 4

Portland cement

50% Sylhet sand / FM 2.2 + 50% Local sand / FM 1.2 50%

12 mm brick / stone chips

1. Before casting, the floor must be properly prepared to receive thismaterial.

>> chiseling_


For large area, it is suitable laying concrete in alternate panels.



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3. Compacting and Finishing the top with neat cement.

Color pigment may add for desired color finish with white cement.

There may have groove lines in between panels or as design required.

>> Neat cement finish_

4. Curing at least 7 days.

>> Curing _



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_Floor Finish >> Artificial patent stone


alterna

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3

Massconc

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Neatcementfinishaftercuringatleast7days



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Colorp

igmentw

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hitec

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Colorp

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_Floor Finish >> Terrazzo > 25mm + 10 mm


>> chiseling_


>> Panel works_

>> Terrazzo works (10mm) on artificial patent stone_

>> Grinding_

>> polishing_

>> Curing _


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2. Mass Concrete on sub-floor >> 25mm / 38mm in thickness :Cement : Sand : chips = 1 : 2 : 4

Portland cement

50% Sylhet sand / FM 2.2 + 50% Local sand / FM 1.2 50%

12 mm brick / stone chips


1. Before casting, the floor must be properly prepared to receive this material.

Terrazzo flooring is typically installed over a concrete sub-floor.

>> chiseling_



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_Floor Finish >> Terrazzo > 25mm + 10 mm>> Panel works_

3. Glass or metal divider strips are arranged to separate differentcolors or designs that are planned for the terrazzo floor; simply be set into thesand and cement base. This helps prevent the terrazzo from crackingdue toshifts in the concrete. These strips are made from glass, brass, copper oraluminum depending on the desired finish.

>> Terrazzo works (10mm) on artificial patent stone_

4. For the final layer, terrazzo workers blend and place into each of the panels a

fine marble chip mixture that may be color-pigmented. While themixture is still wet, workers add additional marble chips of various colorsinto each panel and roll a lightweight roller over the entire surface.

Terrazzo Concrete >> 12mm in thickness :

Cement White cement : Gray Cement = 9 : 1

Marble chips 10mm machine crushed well graded dust free &properly washed.


Fl Fi i h T 25 10


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>> Grinding_

6. When the terrazzo is thoroughly set, grind it with pumic stone ( no. 40,no.80, no.120) / terrazzo grinder.



>> polishing_

7. Spread oxalic acid and finishing with minar stone and wax polishing.

5. Curing at least 7 days.

Pakistani chips

>> Curing _

Indian chips


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_Floor Finish >> Stone

Marble

LimestoneSandstone

Granite

Geological originTypes

Surface qualities

chara

cterist

ics

Hardness

Strength

Durability Density

Wor

kabilityA

ppearance

>>>>

Sedimentary:Sedimentary:

>>>> Metamorphic:Metamorphic:

>>>> Igneous:Igneous:

Stone

Glazed / Unglazed

Smooth / rough surface

Color

Grain

Maintenance


Fl Fi i h St


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Images Description

Ma

rble >> Marble is a metamorphic rock resulting fromregional or, rarely, contact metamorphism of

sedimentary carbonate rocks. This metamorphicprocess causes a complete re-crystallization of the

original rock.

>> It is made up of calcium carbonate; it comes innumerous colors, white, grey, green

>> It is a hardwearingbeautiful product, expensiveto purchase.

>> It is cold and noisy underfoot.

>> From a designers point of view like granite it hasa timeless quality.


Floor Finish Stone


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Description

Gran

ite >> This is a luxury floor covering and one that needscareful consideration before specification, as it is anexpensive product.

>> The floor structure needs consideration, as it isvery heavy.

>> Once laid, it will last for a very long time, as it is

hardwearing and resistant to chemicals.

>> It is cold and noisy underfoot.

>> It comes in limited colors - black, red, green,

grey, blue, pink.

Images


Floor Finish >> Tiles


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_Floor Finish >> Tiles

A tile is a manufactured piece ofhard-wearing material such as ceramic,

stone, metal, or even glass. Tiles aregenerally used for covering roofs, floors,and walls, showers, or other objects suchas tabletops.Tiles are often used to form wall

and floor coverings, and can range from

simple square tiles to complex mosaics.Tiles are most often made from ceramic,with a hard glaze finish, but othermaterials are also commonly used, such as

glass, marble, granite, slate, and reformedceramic slurry, which is cast in a mold andfired.


Rubber floor tiles have a varietyof uses, both in residential and commercial

settings. They are especially useful insituations where it is desired to have high-traction floors or protection for an easilybreakable floor. Some common usesinclude flooring of garage, workshops,

patios, swimming pool decks, sport courts,gyms, and dance floors.



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Quarry

UsesTypes Surface qualities

Tiles

Ceramic

Porcelain

chara

cterist

ics

Un

glazed

Glazed

Matte Mirrorpolish

Homogen

ous

Marble

Terrazzo

Mosaic

Wood

LaminatedPlywood

Rubber

Glass

Floor . wall

Floor

Floor . wall

Floor . wall

Floor . wall

Floor . wall

Floor . wall . ceiling

Floor . wall

Floor

Glazed / Unglazed

Smooth / rough surface

Color

Grain

Maintenance




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Quarry

Tiles

Description

>> Quarry tiles being famous for their strength andweight can be obtain in many shades and thicknessas well as none slip.

>> Quarry tiles are produced from dried clay fired in

kiln for a number of hours at temperaturesexceeding 1100C thus giving its classic warmorange shade.

>> Used mainly for floor tiles in areas such as

shower rooms, food preparation areas, factoryfloors, kitchens and dining areas.

Images




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Ceram

icTiles

Description

>> Glazing ceramic tile creates a durable surface thatis easy to clean, resists stains and scratches, doesnt

fade and is slip-resistant.

>> Identical to unglazed except a liquid glass isapplied to the tile at very high temperatures. Thiscreates a hard, non-porous surface.

>> Ceramic tile includes a wide variety of clayproducts fired into thin units which are set in bedsof mortar or mastic with the joints between tilesgrouted.

Images




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Porcel

ainTiles

Description

>> Porcelain is a ceramic material made by heating raw materials, generally including clay in theform of kaolin, in a kiln to temperatures between 1,200 C (2,192 F) and 1,400 C (2,552 F).

>> Porcelain can be used as a building material, usually in the form of tiles or large rectangular

panels. Modern porcelain tiles are generally produced to a number of recognized internationalstandards and definitions.

Images




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UsesTypes

Marble

Terrazzo

Mosaic

characterist

ics

Un

glazed

Glazed

Matt

e Mirrorpolish

Homogen

ous

Tiles


A Mosaic consists of manysmall pieces of stone arrangedto form a design or pictureand are common in culturaland religious centers.

Description




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UsesTypes Description

Wood

LaminatedPlywood:

.MDF.

.HDF.

Tiles


>>

Laminate is a floor covering that appearssimilar to hardwood but is made with aplywood or medium density fiberboard("MDF") core with a plastic laminate top layer.

>> HDF laminate consists of high densityfiberboard topped by one or more layers ofdecorative paper and a transparent protectivelayer.

>> Laminate may be more durable thanhardwood, but cannot be refinished likehardwood. Laminate flooring is available inmany different patterns which can resembledifferent woods or even ceramic tile. It usuallylocks or taps together.

>> Many different species of wood arefabricated into wood flooring in two primaryforms: plank and parquet.



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Ceramic tiles installation

MDF tiles installation

Terrazzo casting

Artificial patent stone


C i til i t ll ti


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Building & Finish-08_floor Finish