BUILDING CODE PRESENTATION - Interior Designers of · PDF fileGHL CONSULTANTS LTD BUILDING CODE PRESENTATION June 3, 2015 Wendy Morrison, AScT, BCQ GHL CONSULTANTS LTD Fire

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BUILDING CODE PRESENTATION

June 3, 2015

Wendy Morrison, AScT, BCQ

GHL CONSULTANTS LTDFire Science and Engineering

950 – 409 Granville StreetVancouver, BC V6C 1T2

Phone 604 689 4449Fax 604 689 4419

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Copyright and Limitations

This presentation is conceptual and for educationalpurposes only. GHL takes no responsibility for application ofany concepts or interpretations in this presentation tospecific projects unless specifically retained for that project.

This presentation is intended to be presented by GHL andthese slides must not be considered complete orexhaustive.

This presentation is a copyright of GHL Consultants Ltd andall rights are reserved.

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GHL’s Role

To know and understand the Code.

To know and understand the fire science behind theCode.

To assist in correct application of the Code.

To develop new solutions based on fire science toenable creative safe buildings.

To understand the needs of the client and of theAuthorities and first responders.

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GHL Team

7 Engineers, 4 with Master’s degrees in fire science.

4 Certified Professionals (CPs).

1 Architect.

2 former Building Officials.

3 Building Code Qualified (BCQ).

1 Architectural Technologist.

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Building Code Committee Work

CP Committee (David Graham)

APEG Building Code Committee (John Buscemi)

BC Appeal Board (Frankie Victor)

City Vancouver Appeal Board (Teddy Lai)

BC Building Code Interpretation Committee (Teddy Lai)

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What is a Building Code?

It is a consensus document:

It regulates construction of buildings. Traditionally written by NRCC. The province adopts it on the public’s behalf. Code measures are public interest decisions. VBBL 2014 based on BCBC 2012.

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Code Approach To Risks

Buildings are subject to risks: Code compliance ≠ no risk. Code compliance = risks at

acceptable level.

Failure will occur: Limit it to an acceptable level.

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Objective Based Code

2006 and 2012 Codes are objective‐based rather than prescriptivebased ‐ a fundamental change from previous editions.

Prescriptive

Code says how you must do it. Exception is an equivalency.

Objective

Establishes function and objectives. Prescriptive requirement is only 1 option (acceptable solution). An alternative solution may be proposed provided it satisfies the

level of performance attributed to the acceptable solution.8

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Alternative Solutions

Article 1.2.1.1

Compliance with the Code shall be achieved by:a) Complying with the applicable acceptable solutions in

Division B;OR

b) Using alternative solutions that will achieve at least theminimum level of performance required by Division B inthe areas defined by the objectives and functionalstatements attributed to the applicable acceptablesolutions.

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Acceptable Solutions

DIVISION A, PART 1, SUBSECTION 1.1.1. APPLICATION OF THIS CODE

Article 1.1.1.1. Application of this Code1) This Code applies to any one or more of the following:

o) the alteration, rehabilitation and change of occupancy of heritage buildings. 5) The Alternate Compliance Methods for Heritage Buildings in Table A‐1.1.1.2.(1) in

Appendix A may be substituted for requirements contained elsewhere in this Code.

Article 1.1.1.2. Application to Existing Buildings1) Where a building is altered, rehabilitated, renovated or repaired, or there is a

change in occupancy, the level of life safety and building performance shall not be decreased below a level that already exists. (See Appendix A.)

Appendix A, Article 1.1.1.2. Application of this CodeThe use of the Alternate Compliance Methods in Table A‐1.1.1.2.(1) is not mandatory, and an owner may choose:• to apply acceptable solutions in Division B,• to apply alternate solutions under Clause 1.2.1.1.( 1)(b), • to apply alternate compliance methods in Table A‐1.1.1.2., or • to combine these options. 10

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Acceptable Solutions

Table A‐1.1.1.2.(1)Alternate Compliance Methods for Heritage Buildings

No. Code Requirement in Division B Alternate Compliance Method1 Fire Separations

Sentence 3.1.3.1.(1) and Table 3.1.3.1. of Division B, Subsection 9.10.9. of Division B2 h fire separation required between some major occupancies.

Except for F1 occupancies, 1 h fire separation is acceptable, provided the building is sprinklered.

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Part 9

Small buildings:

≤ 3 storeys in height ≤ 600m² building areabuilding area = greatest horizontal area above grade, e.g. footprint or shadow cast.

Excludes assembly (Group A), care/treatment/detention (Group B), high hazard industrial (Group F‐1) occupancies.

Generally unsprinklered by Code.

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Part 3

> 600m² building area and/or 3 storeys in building height.

All occupancies including assembly (Group A) and care/treatment/detention (Group B).

Generally, sprinkler systems required by Code.

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Occupancies (3.1.2, 3.1.3)

GROUP A Assembly Division 1 = theatreDivision 2 = restaurant, pub, daycare, yoga/fitness studioDivision 3 = arena

GROUP B Care/Detention Division 1 = jailDivision 2 = hospitalDivision 3 = care facility

GROUP C Residential = dwelling, hotelGROUP D Business and Personal Service = office, doctor/dentist, barber,

bank, yoga/ fitness studioGROUP E Mercantile/Retail = stores, shops, showroomsGROUP F Industrial

Division 1 = HeavyDivision 2 = MediumDivision 3 = Light

See descriptions at Division B, A‐3.1.2.1.(1)14

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Major Occupancy vs Suite

Occupancy based on type ‐ Group A, B, C, D, etc. Occupancy may include multiple suites of same

type. Occupancies must be separated per Article 3.1.3.1. Occupancy fire separations will vary ‐ 0h to 2h fire. Suite separations will apply in addition to occupancy

separations.

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Major Occupancy vs Suite

Suite based on tenancy. Within one suite, may be various ancillary

occupancies. Ancillary occupancies must be under the care and

control of the same tenant.[e.g. gift shop in hospital; amenity room in residential; Starbucks in Chapters ‐‐ See Appendix A, A‐1.4.1.2.(1) Suite].

Suite fire separations per Article 3.3.1.1.

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Ancillary Occupancies

Office

Office

Office

Office

Office

Office

Office

Fitness

OfficeMidas Muffler

Hotel Suites

Hotel Suites

Hotel Suites

Lounge Pool Spa17

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Occupancy Prohibitions

ApartmentC

Auto Body Shop

F1

Nightclub

A2

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TOPICS

Part A BCBC 2012: Overview of Relevant / Key Changes to Division B, Part 3, BCBC 2006 and and Subsequent Revisions to BCBC 2012

Part B BCBC 2012: Select issues from Section 3.8 "Building Requirements for Persons with Disabilities"

Part C BCBC 2012: Provisions for Combustible Interior Finish

Part D Summary

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ERRATA ANDREVISIONS

http://www.bccodes.ca/default.aspx?vid=QPLEGALEZE:bccodes_2012_view

A. BCBC 2012: Part 3 Changes

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ERRATA ANDREVISIONS

http://www.bccodes.ca/errata‐and‐revisions.aspx?vid=QPLEGALEZE:bccodes_2012_view


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DEFINITIONS IN DIVISION A, SENTENCE 1.4.1.2.(1)

Distillery / Distilled Beverage Alcohol

process plant where distilled beverage alcohols are produced, concentrated, or processed with facilities where concentrated products are blended, mixed, stored or packaged.

beverage alcohol is produced by fermentation and contains more than 20% by volume of water‐miscible alcohol.

These definitions were added to clarify that breweries and wineries are not high hazard industrial occupancies.


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Fire Block

a material, component or system that restricts the spread of fire (within a concealed space or from a concealed space to an adjacent space).

Fire blocks are typically provided to isolate concealed spaces.


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Fire Stop

a system consisting of elements used to fill gaps between fire separations, between fire separations and other assemblies, or at penetrations of fire separations.

Fire stops typically provided at penetrations.


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Article 3.1.2.6 ‐ Group A Division 2, Low Occupant Load

Assembly occupancy suite with occupant load less than 30 can be considered Group D use.

Unsprinklered building = 1h fire separation from remainder of building.

Sprinklered building = 0h fire separation.

Impact on approach to calculating occupant load and number of water closets required – e.g. coffee shop, yoga studio.


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Anticipated change in next edition of BCBC.

Based on accepted change to NBC 2015 (not yet adopted) to address current interpretation of Article 3.1.5.12.(7) –Factory Assembled Panels with Foamed Plastic Insulation.

A. BCBC 2012: Part 3

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Article 3.1.5.12.(7) ‐ use of factory assembled non‐loadbearing interior wall or ceiling panels containing foamed plastic insulation

Prohibits use of panels in noncombustible buildings with Group A‐2, B, or C major occupancy.

Effectively bans use of walk in cooler and freezer if AHJ interprets these to be building components rather than fixtures.


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Wording of change to NBC 2015 – testing of fixture to specificstandard necessary

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Article 3.1.7.1.

Sentences 3 and 4 added.

Addresses confusion with openings when fire resistance rating provided through membrane only and reliance on Appendix D.

Use of 2 specific rated assemblies from Part 9 table A‐9.10.3.1.B permitted – assembly consists of membrane and supporting members.

Penetrations to be addressed as per Subsection 3.1.9.


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Table A‐9.10.3.1.B


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Table 3.1.13.7 – Combustible Interior Finish in High Buildings

Added provisions for Elevator Vestibules (when vestibules are required by the Code – e.g. multi‐storey interconnected floor spaces 3.2.8.5.).

New provisions for flame spread rating and smoke developed classification limits within elevator cars – e.g. FSR 75/SDC 450 at walls and ceilings; FSR 300/SDC 450 at floors.


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Sentence ‐ 3.2.4.9.(2) – Fire Alarm Annunciator and Zone Identification

Added separate zone requirement for fire extinguishing system required by NFPA 96 (commercial kitchens).


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Sentence 3.2.4.17.(1) – Manual Pull Stations

Clarifies that pull stations required at exits only not at every door that leads to the exterior from a floor area.

Clause (e) "every other egress facility that has been designed and identified as an exit and has all the features of a required exit"


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Sentence 3.3.1.5.(2) – Egress Doorways

When 2 egress doorways are required to serve a room or suite (e.g. Group D suite >200m2) the egress doors must be separated by a distance = at least 1/3 of the greatest diagonal of the room or suite.


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The distance between egress doors is to be measured on a path that smoke would move

Fire separations (floor to underside of floor slab above) can be used to increase this distance.


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Requirement for exit doors to be separated by a distance of at least 1/2 the greatest diagonal of the floor area (min 9m) remains – Article 3.4.2.3


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Alternately max distance between exits 9m if public corridor provided – Article 3.4.2.3


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Article 3.3.2.16 – Daycare Facilities

Confirms that daycare facilities are assembly occupancy, Group A, Division 2, and not Group B treatment or care occupancy.

Provides specific building or suite design criteria if daycare facility accommodates children under the age of 30 months.


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Subsection 3.3.6 ‐ Design of Hazardous Areas

BCBC now includes provisions for floor areas used for the storage, handling, use, and processing of dangerous goods, including flammable and combustible liquids.

Relies on Fire Code to determine classification of substances to apply provisions in Subsection 3.3.6.


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Article 3.4.3.4 – Headroom Clearance

Minimum headroom in exits reduced to 2050mm from 2100mm.

Measured from the tread surface or landing nosing to closest point above.


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Subsection 3.4.5 – Exit Signs

Green Running Man now the Code requirement.

Provisions for photo luminescent signs.


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Subsection 3.4.5 – Exit Signs

In existing buildings, use of red signs typically recommended to maintain continuity throughout building

If the proposed scope of work is such that it is practical to replace all exit signs within a building, upgrade to green signs may be requested by AHJ.


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Sentence 3.4.6.3.(3) – Landing may not be required at exterior stair

Landing not required at the bottom of an exterior stair or ramp when there is no gate, door, or fixed obstruction within 1100mm or a distance equal to the width of the stair or ramp.


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Sentence 3.4.6.5.(7) – Handrails

Height of handrails may be more than 965mm at landings; maximum height at landings 1070mm

This change allows for better detailing of continuous handrails landings between flights.


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Sentence 3.4.6.5.(7)Handrails


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Subsection 3.7.2 – Plumbing Facilities

Waterless Urinals permitted in buildings with a water supply – Sentence 3.7.2.1.(2).


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Sentence 3.7.2.2.(4) ONLY applies if design includes 1 universal toilet room

If multiple universal toilet rooms provided, Sentence (4) is not applicable.


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Occupant Load = 100

1 Universal Toilet Room = 10 occupants90 occupants divided – 45 male, 45 femaleGroup A‐2 = 1 male WC and 2 female WCsTotal fixtures = 4

2 Universal Toilet Rooms100 occupants divided – 50 male, 50 femaleGroup A‐2 = 1 male WC and 2 female WCsTotal fixtures = 3


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Sentences 3.7.2.10.(10) (11) Accessible Baths and Showers include changes to grab bar design

Among other changes, now specifically refer to “L‐shaped” grab bars.


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Article 3.8.3.18 – Counters

Clarifies that accessible design only required at counters which serve the public and are intended as a work surface for extended business transactions.

e.g. Insurance agencies, hospital admitting desks.


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Province of BC has an Appeal Process: appeal board meets monthly; applications must be submitted 1 month prior to meeting.

Previous Appeals and decisions are available on line. Search by Code reference or topic keyword.

http://www.housing.gov.bc.ca/bcab/

A. BCBC 2012: Resources

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BC Building Code Interpretation Committee: members from AIBC, Building Officials Association of BC; Plumbing Officials Association of BC, City of Vancouver, and APEGmeet monthly to review and provide written interpretations to clarify Code.

Application information and previous decisions can be found by indexes on BOABC website under Codes & Regulations tab.

http://www.boabc.org/EN/main/about/120/121/interpretations.html


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GHL Website.

Library Tab: presentations, technical, illustrations, newsletter

Topic specific information

Links to other sites.

http://www.ghl.ca/library.html


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B. BCBC 2012: Disabled Access

Article 3.8.2.1 ‐ Subsection 3.8.2:

Applies to new buildings

Applies to all storeys of new construction and new construction portions (additions).

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Article 3.8.2.1 ‐ Subsection 3.8.2 ‐ Exemptions:

Subsection 3.8.2 does not need to be applied to Retail shops with retail floor area <50m2.

Subsection 3.8.2 does not need to be applied to Group C occupancies except as described in Article 3.8.2.27.

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Article 3.8.2.1 ‐ Subsection 3.8.2 not applicable at storeys above or below accessible storey in 2 storey building or suite, if:

exempt storey <600m2.

exempt storey does not include facilities integral to the principal function of the accessible storey.

exempt storey does not contain an assembly occupancy >100m2.


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Sentence 3.8.2.3.(1) ‐ General requirements for all applicable buildings:

Access from street (and off street parking) to main entrance.

Access to all areas where work functions can reasonably be expected to be performed by persons with disabilities.


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Access to accessible washrooms.

In unsprinklered buildings, egress per Article 3.8.3.19 options include: at‐grade exit ramps. floor area divided into 2 zones. residential balcony.


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At least one Universal Toilet Room in each building (if location of UTR such that not available to all suites; provide UTR to serve cut‐off suites).


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If building or suite occupant load >150, other public washrooms within building or suite to include at least 1 of each type of fixture provided designed to be accessible.

e.g. sink, toilet, urinal, hand dryer, mirror, etc.


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Apply use and occupancy specific requirements per Articles 3.8.2.4 through 3.8.2.39.

In some cases, use and occupancy specific requirements waive general requirements in Article 3.8.2.3.

Example – see Article 3.8.2.17 Schools and Colleges (Sentence 3.8.2.3.(1) waived).

Example – see Article 3.8.2.24 Jails (accessibility waived except at main entry and visitor areas).


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High building / sprinklered.

Determine what is permitted.

Determine what flame spread ratings are required.

C. BCBC 2012: Combustible Interior Finish

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Heavy Timber = COMBUSTIBLE.

Fire Retardant Treated Wood = COMBUSTIBLE.

Wood generally flame spread rating (FSR) 150.

Fire Retardant Treated Wood generally FSR 25.

Fire Retardant Treated Wood CAN/CSA‐080(see Article 3.1.4.5).


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Combustible construction – Subsection 3.1.4

Combustible interior wall and ceiling finish permitted.

No restrictions on thickness or percentage.

Foamed plastic to be protected (see Article 3.1.4.2).

Flame spread ratings per Subsection 3.1.13.


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Noncombustible construction – Subsection 3.1.5

Combustible blocking and nailing elements OK.

Combustible millwork OK (described in Article 3.1.5.7).

Combustible flooring OK.

Combustible raised flooring OK (described in Article 3.1.5.8).

Flame spread ratings per Subsection 3.1.13.


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Noncombustible construction – Subsection 3.1.5

Combustible interior wall and ceiling finish OK.

Cannot exceed 25mm thickness.

Cannot exceed FSR 150 at walls (see Sentence 3.1.5.10.(2)).

Cannot exceed FSR 25 at ceilings (see Sentence 3.1.5.10.(3)).

Further flame spread ratings per Subsection 3.1.13.


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Interior Finish – Subsection 3.1.13

Defined as any material that forms part of the interiorsurface of a floor, wall, partition, or ceiling

Doors.

Windows.

Trim.

Lighting elements at ceiling finish (light diffusers / lenses; may apply to fixtures if flush with ceiling).

Carpet intended as the finished floor.


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Flame Spread Ratings – Subsection 3.1.12

FSR determined per testing to CAN/ULC‐S102.

FSR determined per Appendix D listings (see D‐3.1).

Paint/wallpaper over wood = FSR 150.

Paint/wallpaper over gwb = FSR 25.


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Sprinklered Buildings:

Walls = FSR 150.

Ceilings = FSR 150.Sentence 3.1.5.10.(3) at noncombustible construction.

Light Diffusers = FSR 250.(when tested as described in Article 3.1.13.4)

Group A‐1 Light Diffusers = FSR 150.


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Unsprinklered Buildings:

Walls = FSR 150.Group A‐1 and Group B walls = FSR 75.

Ceilings = FSR 150.Group A‐1 and Group B ceilings = FSR 75.Sentence 3.1.5.10.(3) at noncombustible construction.

Light Diffusers = FSR 250.(when tested as described in Article 3.1.13.4)

Group A‐1 Light Diffusers = FSR 75.


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Flame Spread Ratings – Subsection 3.1.13All Buildings: Exits = FSR 25.

Up to 10% of wall or ceiling area may be FSR 150. Exit lobbies = FSR 25.

Up to 10% of ceiling area may be FSR 150.Up to 25% of wall area may be FSR 150.

Doors = FSR 200 .Group A‐1 doors = FSR 150.Doors within dwelling units N/A.

Bathrooms in dwelling units = FSR 200.


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Article 3.1.13.7 – High Buildings

Sprinklered Building:

Applies only at Group B major occupancy.

Applies in Elevator Cars.

Limits FSR of floor surface.

Adds Smoke Developed Classification to wall, ceiling, floor finish (testing to CAN/ULC‐S102).

See Table 3.1.13.7.


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Article 3.1.13.7 – High Buildings

Unsprinklered Building:

Applies to buildings under Subsection 3.2.6.

Limits interior finish ratings at walls, ceilings, floors, elevator cars, and elevator vestibules

Adds Smoke Developed Classification through testing to CAN/ULC‐S102.

See Table 3.1.13.7


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D. Summary - BCBC

Maintain Code with updates – revisions and errata –to stay abreast with Code changes as they occur.

Province plans to issue updates annually ‐ December 20 of every year.

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D. Summary - BCBC

Use available resources in support of your interpretation of the Code.

Request a formal interpretation of a disputed code item.

BC Building Code Interpretation Committee –interpretations not binding, may not be accepted by AHJ.

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D. Summary - BCBC

A previous BC Appeal Board decision which addresses your dispute will generally be accepted; Appeals are binding.

Request a formal Appeal of code dispute with an AHJ

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D. Summary - BCBC

Accessibility to be provided to new construction as described in Subsection 3.8.2 – may be waived depending on size and occupancy.

Accessible design criteria as described in Subsection 3.8.3.

Additional requirements found in Sentences 3.3.1.13.(10) for doors and 3.3.1.13.(12) for vestibules.

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Thank you

GHL CONSULTANTS LTD

950 – 409 Granville Street

Vancouver, BC V6C 1T2

Phone 604 689 4449 Fax 604 689 4419

Web www.ghl.ca Email [email protected]

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Documents

BUILDING CODE PRESENTATION - Interior Designers of · PDF fileGHL CONSULTANTS LTD BUILDING CODE PRESENTATION June 3, 2015 Wendy Morrison, AScT, BCQ GHL CONSULTANTS LTD Fire