ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK

Regional Technical Assistance No. 6176

BUILDING CAPACITY FOR PARTICIAPTORY APPROACHES TO POVERTY REDUCTION IN ADB OPERATIONS, RETA6176

REPORT OF KYRGYZ REPUBLIC COUNTRY CONSULTATION

WORKSHOPS

7-23 February 2006 The report documents proceeding of three workshops held in the Kyrgyz Republic in February 2006. The views expressed in this report are those of the authors and the workshop participants and do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Asian Development Bank or its Board of Governors or the governments they represent.

ABBREVIATIONS

AADP Agriculture Area Development Project AAK Association of Agri-businessmen of Kyrgyzstan ADB Asian Development Bank ATC Advisory Training Centre HELVETAS Swedish International Technical Assistance HRD Human Resource Development IAM-LIP Integrated Agriculture Management-Land Improvement Program IFDC International Fertilizer Development Centre KFC Kyrgyz Agriculture Finance Corporation KSAP Kyrgyz-Swiss Agriculture Project MAWRPI Ministry of Agriculture, Water Resources and Processing Industries PIU Project Implementation Unit PMU Project Management Unit PPA Participatory Poverty Analysis PPTA Project Preparatory Technical Assistance PRA Participatory Rural Analysis RAS Rural Advisory Service RETA Regional Technical Assistance SAADP Second Agricultural Area Development Program TA Technical Assistance TES Training and Extension System ToR Terms of Reference ToT Training of Trainers UNDP United Nations Development Program USAID United States Agency for International Development VDP Village Development Plan WB World Bank WI Winrock International WUA Water User Associations WUASP Water User Associations Support Project WV World Vision WVA World Vision Australia Levels of government in the Kyrgyz Republic Oblast Provincial government Rayon Regional government, covering a number of municipalities Aiyl Okmot Village government, covering 5-6 villages

CONTENTS

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I. INTRODUCTION 1 A. Background 1 B. Strategic Consideration for the Workshops 1

II. WORKSHOP PROGRAM 5 A. Workshop Goals 5 B. Workshop Participants and Invitation Processes 5 C. Case Studies 6 D. Workshop Structures and Processes 7 E. Workshop Participant Feedback and Assessment 8

III. RECOMMENDATIONS FROM THE WORKSHOPS 11 A. Batken Workshop Priorities/Recommendations 11 B. Jalalabad-Osh Workshop Recommendations 12 C. Bishkek Workshop Recommendations 13

IV. NEXT STEPS 15 A. Follow-up Meetings 15 B. Follow-up Recommendations 17 C. Conclusions 19

V. APPENDICES

Appendix 1: Four Participation Workshop Case Studies Appendix 2: RETA6176, Batken Participation Workshop, Schedule of Presentations and Activities, 13-14 February 2006 Appendix 3: RETA6176, Jalalabad Participation Workshop, Schedule of Presentations and Activities, 16-17 February 2006 Appendix 4: RETA6176, Bishkek Participation Workshop, Schedule of Presentations and Activities, 20 February 2006 Appendix 5 Batken and Jalalabad Workshop Introductory Comments Appendix 6 Bishkek Workshop Introductory Comments Appendix 7: RETA6176 Participation Workshop Participant Details Appendix 8 RETA6176-KYGR, Schedule of Activities in Kyrgyzstan, 7-23 February 2006

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1. Three participation workshops were held in February 2006, in Batken, Jalalabad and Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan. They were financed by Regional Technical Assistance (RETA) No. 6176: Building Capacity for Participatory Approaches to Poverty Reduction in ADB Operations. Each workshop involved on average 42 participants, representing national and local governments, the donor community, domestic NGOs, rural cooperatives, private sector entrepreneurs, farmers and villagers. A third of all participants were female. The three participation workshops responded to the considered view of stakeholders in agriculture area development in the southern Oblasts of Kyrgyzstan (the subject of ADB TA4438), that the capacity for choosing and implementing poverty focused, participatory approaches to pro-poor area development would be advanced by exposure of key stakeholders to examples of successful participation-based innovations in agriculture area development in Kyrgyzstan. 2. The objectives of the three workshops were to: (i) put before participants details of the four case studies, highlighting the participatory elements of each; (ii) to involve all participants in group based, participatory activities to explore the implication of the lessons to be learned from each case study for the choice of priorities and approaches to areas development in TA4438; and (iii) obtain a consensus and recommendations from each workshop to the TA4438 design team on the participatory design features of the ensuing project of the TA. It was also expected that these exercises would contribute to local awareness of and capacity in dealing with a participatory feedback and planning process as well as participatory designs of agriculture area development investment projects in the Batken, Jalalabad and Osh regions in the southern part of the Kyrgyz Republi. Moreover, the participatory approaches show-cased and explored in the workshop groups put before participants the utility, practicality and importance of ensuring that implementation strategies, progress monitoring and impact assessment pay special attention to sustainable outcome, pro-poor impacts, gender equity trends, and the achievement of higher levels of program transparency and accountability. 3. The workshops show-cased lessons learned from the initial ADB loan to support area development in Chuy Oblast (2000-2005), plus lessons learned and participatory practices employed in case studies dealing with the transition of rural producers from government directed rural economic activity to market driven agricultural production planning and implementation, social mobilization for sustainable poverty reduction, and organization for community managed and protected natural resources, such as water for irrigation, sanitation and drinking. Workshop participants were challenged to consider the sorts of projects in which participation is either essential or most appropriate at the planning, implementation or progress monitoring phases. 4. The key discussions of the workshops include the following: Gender Issues

• All the three workshops highlighted the importance of making specific provision for gender as a key issue in pro-poor, sustainable area development. Gender inclusive approaches to participation were considered essential in the Kyrgyz socio-cultural and economic context, if effective natural resources management is to be realized. The Jalalabad case study demonstrated that greater involvement of women in local government and leadership of community

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development initiatives leads to empowerment of women, which has positive impacts on family welfare and social capital formulation. This can often take place through microfinance opportunities.

Community Group Issues

• The Chuy Oblast cases study confirmed the need for participatory monitoring and evaluation by the established community focus groups. Readily available access to technical specialists by community groups was also identified necessary.

• The Osh case study stressed the importance of the access of farmer groups to timely and situation specific training and expert-advisory services, to ensure appropriate technology transfer.

• The Chuy, Osh and Jalalabad case studies each confirmed that production and marketing risks can be reduced if exploration of individual enterprise development opportunities can be done through cooperatives or marketing groups.

• The Jalalabad example also showed that microfinance in Kyrgyzstan has been an important tool for grassroots empowerment of women and men.

• The Batken case study was originally meant to guide participants in how to carry out community-based management of natural resources, e.g., water. In fact, however, the case study demonstrates the critical importance of a social mobilization and community education phase, before doing any project activities. Workshop group discussions and plenary session comments confirmed the experience of the case study presenters: ie., that in rural Kyrgyzstan, communities normally lack such mobilization capacity or skills..

5. A series of recommendations were made for consideration by the TA4438 design team. Recommendations for the remainder of the design process called for (i) more information sharing and transparent decision-making regarding the selection of the clusters of Rayons and the types of activities to be supported; (ii) greater clarity on the criteria that will be applied in setting investment priorities; (iii) information sharing of the further process of TA 4438 and the clear indication of the timing of the ensuing project; and (iv) explicit attention in the TA to rural credit, value-adding, marketing and farmer training as key needs for sustainable agriculture development. 6. Recommendations were also made on the priority issues that TA 4438 should address in the upcoming project. First, the project design needs to recognize and address the issue of ‘lack of trust and excessive uncertainty’ among community members, especially among the youth of the country. Community-inclusive approach can offer a series of actions that would generate hope among the unemployed and underemployed youth. They need a vision that their lives can be better than those of their parents, and that they do not need to tolerate growing tendencies of violence, corruption and sub-standard services or performance within their communities. The proposal for three rural livelihood training centers that is in the current TA4438 draft, may well provide a springboard from which to deal with this issue. However, it was noted that this should be combined by other interventions targeting young people, such as secondary school curriculum reforms. Inclusion of the unemployed youth in the community-level planning and implementation of programs was also deemed crucial. 7. Second, the transitional difficulties in the rural finance sector require careful attention. There are credit access issues in the Kyrgyz Republic, but these relate to

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details on only one side of the coin. The other side refers to savings mobilization, product design and the need to address a culture that has not respected the sanctity of contracts between lenders and borrowers, for healthy finance markets to emerge and prosper. A responsible borrower program is recommended, on the grounds that access to credit is lost as a means of funding working capital and investment in self improvement if debt repayment continues to be viewed by many people as a game of delay and default, where the end is not achieved until debt forgiveness is forthcoming.

I. INTRODUCTION

A. Background

1. RETA 6176 has been designed to build capacity for participatory approaches to poverty reduction in ADB operations. Part A of the RETA (project-based participatory workshops) supports participatory project planning and implementation process of three ADB-assisted projects in Azerbaijan, Pakistan, and the Kyrgyz Republic. In Kyrgyzstan, it supports TA 4438 (Preparing the Second Agriculture Area Development Project), a project preparatory technical assistance that helps design an investment project to address constraints to agricultural productivity and profitability in the Batken, Jalalabad and Osh regions in the southern part of the Kyrgyz Republic. The ensuing project has been recently renamed as the Integrated Agriculture Management and Land Improvement Project (IAM-LIP). 2. During the inception visit to the Kyrgyz Republic in December 2005, the RETA 6176 Team discussed with key stakeholders and developed an approach for three Oblast-level and one national workshops. These workshops were eventually integrated into two Oblast workshops (covering three Oblasts) and one national workshop, all of which took place in February 2006. It was expected that the participatory development training and follow-up coaching to government, citizens and civil society stakeholders provided by RETA 6176 would strengthen the capacity of key stakeholders to manage implementation of TA4438 activities in ways that are consistent with ADB commitments to being pro-poor, gender sensitive and with impacts that are sustainable, using more open and accountable processes. B. Strategic Consideration for the Workshops

3. The approach taken by the RETA to guide a pro-poor design of the upcoming IAM-LIP was the interactive learning by the in-country stakeholder themselves of the issues that link between pro-poor area development and participation. It was also felt important that the workshops would build upon not only the ongoing ADB-assisted Agriculture Area Development Project but also the experiences of other agriculture area development initiatives in Kyrgyzstan. 4. More specifically, the RETA involved the following participatory training and coaching activities:

i. Two participation workshops held in Batken and Jalalabad-Osh to highlight the effectiveness and practicality of participatory approaches in core aspects of agriculture area development;

ii. A summary participation workshop in Bishkek to allow stakeholders in

agriculture area development in Kyrgyzstan to consider the recommendations arising from the Bakten and Jalalabad workshops, the status of program design by the TA4438 design team, and facilitate

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iii. consultation between the TA design team and program stakeholders on the activities best suited to participatory approaches;

iv. Preparation of four case studies highlighting participatory approaches,

lessons learned, and activities most appropriate to the use of participation in area development;

v. Consensus on specific recommendations dealing with participation

strategies and activities, in priority order, to be considered by the TA4438 design team as it concludes its task;

vi. Consultations with the TA4438 design team on ways in which

recommendations arising from the participation workshops in Batken, Jalalabad and Bishkek might be integrated into the final design and activity investment program of TA4438.

5. At the time of the December inception visit and during the subsequent discussions, four participation case studies were identified and prepared for presentation in February 2006. The topics of the case studies were selected on the basis that they show-case participatory principles and approaches relevant to agriculture area development projects. These are:

i. lessons learned form the first ADB funded agriculture area development program in the northern Chuy Oblast;

ii. market driven supply and value chain approaches to farm level problem

and constraints oriented farmer training and in-field research in Osh Oblast;

iii. rural community development using social mobilization, participatory

poverty analysis, micro-credit and women’s empowerment through governance reforms in Jalalabad Oblast; and

iv. community based natural resource management as illustrated by the

Water User Association Support Program operating across the whole of Southern Kyrgyzstan, but especially Batken Oblast. Copies of the four case studies are presented in Appendix 1.

6. It should be noted that at the time of the workshops, full mapping of all the stakeholders in the central and local governments, private sector, NGOs and donors and other development partners were not possible. This was due to the fact that TA 4438 was still in the early stage of development and had not identified all investment activities and institutional arrangements. Therefore, the workshops targeted at influencing the key stakeholders involved with TA 4438 (e.g., EA of the IAM-LIP, ADB project officer, TA consultants, and the three Oblast representatives). Therefore, a follow-on participatory training phase may be required to ensure that the results arising from these three workshops will be fully integrated into the design and implementation of the IAM-LIP. 7. In retrospect, the RETA 6176-KGZ Team feels that successful organization of the workshops were not possible without the following: (i) a shared vision among case study team members concerning the importance of participatory approaches in area

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development; (ii) mutual trust among the RETA 6176 team members; the importance of strong support from the TA 4438 design team, especially the co-team leader and the ADB Resident Mission; , and (iii) the effectiveness of the logistical support by the locally-recruited workshop coordinators.

II. WORKSHOP PROGRAM

A. Workshop Goals

8. Three participatory workshops were held in Batken (13-14 February 2006), Jalalabad (16-17 February 2006, covering participants from both Jalalabad and Osh) and Bishkek (20 February 2006). The core purposes of these workshops were:

i. to enable key stakeholder representatives to participate in the TA4438 design process;

ii. to provide opportunities for workshop participants to be involved in participatory activities relevant to TA 4438 and the IAM-LIP; and

iii. to increase awareness among workshop participants of participatory approaches that are likely to result in sustainable pro-poor impact.

9. Workshop participants were asked to concentrate on area development activities that, in their view, demand participation for effective and sustainable outcomes. Discussions with the TA 4438 Design Team had identified this as a key concern for them. The key expected output of these workshops was a series of suggestions from participants on the participatory design features during the planning, implementation, and monitoring of the IAM-LIP. . B. Workshop Participants and Invitation Processes

10. 126 persons participated in the three workshops, excluding case study presenters or workshop coordinators. Their breakdown by gender and sector is in Table 1. The overall gender balance at each workshop was acceptable (a low of 24 percent in Batken and a high of 32 percent in Bishkek), while private sector involvement, including farmers and villagers, averaged slightly more than one-half of all participants. Representatives of all major stakeholders in TA4438 were represented at one or other of the three workshops, with the possible exception of unemployed or under-employed young people. The TA4438 design team was represented at both the Jalalabad and Bishkek workshops, with the TA4438 team leader included as a presenter in both instances. Details of workshop attendances by site, name, gender and institutional affiliation are summarised in Appendix 7.

Table 1: Logistical Summary RETA6176-KYRG, Participation Workshops

Batken, Jalalabad and Bishkek, 2006 Workshop: Dates Cost Place Number of Participants** Number February Coms* ‘000 Totals Male Female Public Private 1 13-14 169 Batken 37 28 9 24 13 2 16-17 250 Jalalabad 58 44 14 23 35 3 20 190 Bishkek 34 23 11 14 20 Totals 609 (=$USA14,854) 129 95 34 61 68 *Not including international consultant costs **Not including case study presenters, focal point personnel or workshop coordinators

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11. Invitees were carefully selected in close consultations with TA 4438 design team in December 2005, and subsequently with Ministry of Agriculture, Water Resources and Processing Industry (MAWRPI) personnel, Batken, Jalalabad and Osh Oblast administrations, and ADB resident mission staff in January and February 2006. 12. Workshop attendance was excellent at both Batken and Jalalabad (almost 100 percent of invitees attended), but a significant number of invitees to the Bishkek workshop were prevented from attending owing to cancelled travel arrangements forced by bad weather and the calling of unscheduled high level meetings in the MAWRPI. A number of MAWRPI staff, who had indicated that they would be participating in the Bishkek workshop, sent apologies in response to the call by the Minister of an unscheduled meeting of Ministry executive staff. Some of the TA4438 design team were absent for part of the workshop because they too were required to attend meetings with the Minister. C. Case Studies

13. Four case studies were selected to present field realities of application of participatory approaches to various aspects of agriculture area development. The goal was to use these case studies to facilitate group based brain-storming and discussion sessions that would draw out implications of the lessons learned from each case study for the design of TA4438/IAM-LIP. 14. The four case studies prepared and presented at each workshop is in Appendix 1. They are summarized below:

i. Case Study 1: Learning from Experience. Lessons learned from the first ADB funded agriculture area development program in the northern Chuy Oblast are summarized. It highlights not only the importance of farmer training and farm-level demonstrations to promote technology transfer, but also the importance of gender as a key issue in agriculture development in Kyrgyzstan. This case study was presented cooperatively by members of the Chuy Program Management Unit (PMU) and the collaborating Rural Assistance Service (RAS).

ii. Case Study 2: Private Sector Farmer-Business Collaboration. The

importance of farmer training and action research to assess bottlenecks in supply and value chains is emphasized. Case Study 2 embraces two private sector programs in Osh Oblast, one on supply chain assessment and establishment, another on farmer extension services through demonstration farms. The two organizations involved are the TES Centre and the Agribusiness Association of Kyrgyz Businessmen. The lessons learned highlight the importance of involving farmers in the process of commercial information exchange, the market relevance of farm-level and problem-specific expert assistance and applied research, and ways in which supply chain services can be made more productive if farmers go beyond individual customers to formulate farmer groups.

iii. Case Study 3: Pro-Poor Community Development. It features a pro-

poor rural community development and women’s empowerment, as

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demonstrated by the former UNDP supported poverty reduction program in Jalalabad Oblast. The case study highlights issues relating to the use of micro-credit, group-based community development activities and governance changes that help create and strengthen local social capital, including an increased role of women in local government.

iv. Case Study 4: Social Mobilization for Community Based Natural

Resource Management. This case study is drawn from the experience in Batken Oblast of the Water User Association Support Program (WUASP). The Program itself operates across all oblasts in the South. This case study well describes the issues arising out of the transition from a top-down Soviet type of irrigation management to a community-managed or community co-financed approach. The government in Kyrgyzstan is already committed to the establishment of effective and sustainable Water User Associations (WUAs) in each of the 500 areas previously covered by State Farms (the majority of the existing network of 380 WUAs in Kyrgyzstan are in the northern areas of the country, consistent with the concentration of irrigated agriculture in the north). Since the dissolution of the State Farm system in 1992-93, land reform has vested ownership of the formerly state farm land into the hands of local residents, with the result that average farm size has fallen from large scale industrial agriculture under the Soviet system to small, labor intensive peasant agriculture. Management, maintenance and extension of the nation’s irrigated area has, therefore, fallen into neglect, with refurbishment of the system awaiting coordinated, adequately resourced and informed management. The establishment and nurturing of WUAs is an important way in which these deficiencies are being addressed in Kyrgyzstan. Case study four brought before workshop participants the essential details and lessons learned from what has been achieved thus far in WUA establishment and capacity building, using participatory approaches to social mobilization, farmer training and policy development.

D. Workshop Structures and Processes

15. The schedule of presentations and workshop activities in Batken, Jalalabad and Bishkek are presented in Appendix 2, 3 and 4. 16. All workshops involved significant levels of small-group and plenary interactive exercises, to which the response from the participants was uniformly enthusiastic and sustained. This is despite the earlier warnings by some local NGOs that people may be reluctant to speak. Introductory comments made by the workshop conveners, which set out the goals to be pursued and the processes to be followed, are shown in Appendix 5 and 6. The introductory comments made at the Bishkek workshop also included a presentation on the recommendations made at the Batken and Jalalabad workshops. 17. In each workshop attendees were divided into working groups, chaired by a selected spokesperson, who was assisted by a note-taker and process facilitator drawn from one or more of the case study presentation teams. The deliberations of each group were then presented to the workshop plenary by the elected working group chairperson, with the case study presenter leading the subsequent plenary meeting to reconcile and

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prioritize the recommendations arising from each working group. In this way the recommendations coming from each working group were not only aired, but participants gave the responsibility to reconcile differences and vote on final recommendations associated with each case study. At the end of each day the workshop had produced two sets of recommendations, which would also need reconciling in order to boil down the detail to a single set of recommendations presented in priority order. 18. At the end of the final day of each workshop, the workshop facilitators gathered together with all case study presenters and a number of ‘elected’ volunteers drawn from workshop attendees (typically four), to draft a summary set of workshop recommendations to be put before the final workshop plenary session for discussion, revision and final approval/disapproval. In Batken this process involved reconciling the recommendations of four working groups, and three each in Jalalabad and Bishkek workshops. E. Workshop Participant Feedback and Assessment

19. The four case studies presented at the three workshops have triggered active discussions. Feedback from participants at each workshop indicated that they acquired a deeper and more sophisticated understanding of why participation is important and which types of agriculture area development activities are best planned, implemented and monitored using participatory strategies. Moreover, workshop participants demonstrated their understanding of what was being asked of them through the detailed sets of recommendations made. While successive workshops considered the recommendations of earlier workshops, the final recommendations are indicative of independent thinking by each workshop group, overlapping recommendations notwithstanding, and firm understanding that each workshop was an opportunity to contribute to the thinking that would be considered in the design of IAM-LIP. 20. At the conclusion of each workshop, comments were invited from participants on the utility and appropriateness of the program and what had been achieved. There was a general sense of satisfaction and confidence expressed about the recommendations arising from each workshop, with participants at the Bishkek workshop concerned to record their agreement with the recommendations of the Batken and Jalalabad workshops. Nonetheless, at Bishkek there was already the benefit of participants who had also been participants at one or other of the earlier workshops. This fact may explain the broader vision of the guidelines that can be drawn from the Bishkek workshop recommendations. 21. The workshops programs were full and could not accommodate a formal session to assess the capacity building needs in participatory approaches to agriculture area development in Southern Kyrgyzstan. However, feedback from workshop participants clearly pointed to such needs. More specifically:

i. the design and delivery of responsible borrowing and access to sustainable microfinance, including expanded use of trade-credits to facilitate technology transfer in rural production, and credit linked, cash-based, savings mobilization;

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ii. community managed natural resource development, including policy development and progress monitoring by local groups, including re-invented cooperatives and WUAs;

iii. integration of gender issues into the design and delivery of rural advisory

services, farmer training and enterprise development; and

iv. group based approaches to agricultural product marketing and value-adding, especially through strategic investments in higher-valued farming systems and local product processing.

III. RECOMMENDATIONS FROM THE WORKSHOPS

22. The recommendations arising from each of the three workshops reflect a degree of consistency that is not unexpected. The recommendations point to the general awareness that the objectives of ADB loans for area development should give priority to poverty reduction, gender equity, sustainability and good governance. The recommendations also reflect awareness of participants of the difficult challenges involved in area development in the economy that now has to answer to market forces more than government directives. The recommendations arising from each workshop do, nonetheless, reflect some local priorities, though there are no glaring contradictions. There are, however, significant areas of overlap that are reflected in the recommendations arising from the final workshop in Bishkek. A. Batken Workshop Priorities/Recommendations

23. The Batken workshop feels that agriculture area development needs to embrace full commitment to participatory approach to achievement of cross cutting themes of pro-poor, gender equity, sustainability, and good governance. 24. Batken workshop recommends the establishment of a farm-level program of (i) participatory problem analysis; and (ii) ‘value-chain’ constraints studies, possibly as an ongoing component of the PMU. 25. Investment in locally managed, collateral-free, credit programs is a priority. Enterprise development and group-based and individual microfinance programs (possibly through a new institution or a locally managed outsourced program of an existing microfinance provider) should be promoted. 26. Investments that address local water needs are also essential for Batken people. This should be done through: - WUA managed irrigation expansion and maintenance - The community’s need for secure potable water supplies in the face of expanded demand for water for irrigation - Training for expansion in the number of WUAs 27. Establishment of a Rural Development Technical Assistance Agency is also recommended. Such an agency should be: - Dedicated to addressing farmer problems on a commercial basis; - Able to offer farmer training on a cost recovery basis;

- With a mandate to implement publicly funded farm level demonstrations; and

- Committed to offer farmers consulting services directed at higher farm-gate returns and publicly supported exploration of export promotion.

28. Legal reforms are also crucial to (i) promote farm-level involvement in the marketing of rural production, and (ii) strengthen private sector based supply chain of agriculture inputs.

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B. Jalalabad-Osh Workshop Recommendations

29. The Workshop has been a very lively and participatory activity, with individuals contributing fearlessly and vigorously. 30. It would have been good if the workshop had included more farmers, but the local Oblast and Raion officials have expressed their concern for the needs of farmers and rural residents. 31. The Workshop is firmly of the view that the 2nd ADB area development loan should be used to ensure that the benefits flow broadly to all residents of Southern Kyrgyzstan, without compromising attention to the specific needs of the poorest households. 32. The people of Southern Kyrgyzstan have many skills and have the capacity to draw on these to enable them to progress through self-help. However, the success of self-help can be boosted if the access that farmers and rural communities have to critical resources is enhanced through additional investments in affordable credit, strategic human resource development expenditures, and the creation by the public sector of legal and policy frameworks that enable individuals and groups to act in ways that are of benefit to all. 33. Additional affordable credit to fund productive income generation activities is a priority need in Jalalabad and Osh Oblasts. However, more credit is not enough. There is also a need to ensure that borrowers are able to repay their loans, by establishing a program of responsible borrowing to complement locally managed credit programs. Responsible borrowing will improve the probability that sustainable enterprise development investments will make the contribution to local community and rural development that it needs to do if development is to be broadly based and sustainable. 34. Improved productivity and training go hand-in-hand. However, the training programs needed in Jalalabad and Osh Oblasts are those that respond to the needs of farmers. This means that there is a need for a thorough understanding of farmers’ problems. Fortunately there are programs in these two Oblasts, such as the RAS and TES Centre programs, that are in a strong position to provide this sort of training. Public support to expand the outreach of such programs to an increasing number of farmers, male and female farmers alike, is warranted. 35. Women are a core source of strength in rural communities in Jalalabad and Osh. The importance of the gender component is such that a consideration of the role of women in the community must be integrated into all activities funded by the 2nd ADB area development program. 36. Technology transfer is critical to rural development. However, in Jalalabad and Osh technology transfer can be done most effectively, to the benefit of more individuals, through groups and cooperatives. There is a need to invest in group formation and the effective functioning of cooperatives to ensure that they are effective pathways for technology transfer. Farmer groups and cooperatives that achieve best practice and

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success in technology transfer need to used as examples to educate the community at large, using the media and other means of public education. 37. Rural development is best achieved if local communities, farmer groups and cooperatives act together with local officials. Togetherness and harmonious progress are features of good governance that are promoted if there is good communication between public officials and community members and groups. Provision needs to be made, therefore, for the governance structures of the PMU for adequate consultation and liaison mechanisms, consistent with transparent and accountable decision making and activity implementation procedures. 38. There is a need to review national and local legislation governing peoples involvement in free-market activities. Constraints to the pursuit of individual interests should be removed where these cannot be justified by regulations designed to protect the public good. C. Bishkek Workshop Recommendations

39. The workshop feels that the participation exercise undertaken here today would have been far easier had the investment priorities in the SAADP been available. 40. The workshop is firmly of the view that investments to be made in the southern Oblasts need to build upon the region’s strengths and opportunities. 41. There is significant agricultural development potential in the South of Kyrgyzstan, but few are greater than those that build on the sustainable development of the region’s water resources. The realization of this potential may require significant investments in major infrastructure items, such as reservoir rehabilitation, irrigations system replacement, upgrading and expansion, or security of village and community drinking water supplies. However, whichever of these investment priorities emerges from the southern area development loan, there will be an expanded and critical role for a much enhanced Water User Association program to implement these priorities in a participatory manner. 42. Few areas of needs and existing strengths received as much attention through the course of the day than the issue of ‘training’. Clearly the content and form of this training must respond to areas of knowledge and technology transfer that are important to farmers and the realization of the potential that exists for value chain enhancement. 43. There is a general consensus that the recommendations arising from the Batken and Jalalabad workshops are important and need to be taken into account in the further design of the IAM-LIP. However, there has been no attempt here to determine how these two sets of recommendations should be integrated or prioritized. 44. The above accepted the feeling of the workshop is that the following areas do require explicit attention to participatory approaches in the project design and implementation processes:

(a) Participatory rural credit program for enterprise development and responsible borrowing

(b) Farmer training and on-farm demonstrations (c) Rehabilitation of irrigations systems, and strengthening of WUAs

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(d) Agro-produce processing (e) Marketing (f) Establishment of farm information and service centers (g) Create a committee to oversee how the ADB loan is disbursed and

applied. (h) The PMU should give priority to the hire of young local experts.

IV. NEXT STEPS

A. Follow-up Meetings

45. Improved Case Studies. At the conclusion of each day of workshop, a peer group debriefing meeting was organized and chaired by the Workshop Coordinator, involving all case study presenters, translators and Focal Point persons. These proved especially effective as a source of advice on how each presentation could be improved, and how group work facilitation can be improved. As a result of these team meetings, brief but instructive participation exercises were introduced into each workshop to provide participants with an opportunity to engage in an interactive illustration of the situations in which participation is superior to individual, top-down approaches to the management of people in development. It would be useful if the case study presenters could be supported to provide revised case studies, incorporating the changes that were made between the Batken and the Bishkek workshops. Several of the case study presenters noted that they were likely to revise their notes and power-point copies of their presentations, because they found the experience valuable for their own purposes. If Russian, Kyrgyz and English language copies of the revised case studies could be obtained, they would form a useful resource for use by the MAWRPI, the TA4438 implementing agencies and the proposed rural training centers. 46. TA 4438/IAM-LIP Design Discussions. A detailed schedule of meetings and activities undertaken is presented in Appendix 8. It shows that in the days following the Bishkek Workshop, meetings were held with the TA4438 Design Team and ADB staff. The recommendations arising from the Bishkek Workshop, which incorporate those from the Batken and Jalalabad Workshops, were the subject of extensive consideration during these meetings, with a formal debriefing meeting with the TA4438 Design Team held on 22 February 2006. The purpose of this meeting was to explore ways in which the TA design team might take into account the recommendations of each workshop. The following passages summarize the consensus reached at this meeting on follow-up activities that the TA4438 design team might pursue prior to the finalization of their task: These actions also provide some insights into follow-up support activities that might be taken up under RETA6176-KGZ. 47. IAM-LIP expenditure priorities must await the final decision of the Minister, but it is probable that these will give emphasis to the water sector, product marketing and training. Details can be made available to local workshop participants by including them on the distribution list for the final approved summary of the TA. 48. IAM-LIP should build upon the strengths of each Oblast. The final TA document can list these strengths and highlight ways in which individual components rely on these strengths as a springboard for future agriculture area development in each Oblast. 49. In the water sector, management of both the demand and supply sides are important. It is likely that expressions of interest (EOI) may need to be sought from communities and functioning WUAs to ensure that appropriate attention is given to social mobilization and needs assessment in the design of local water-based area development activities. By seeking EOI it ought to be possible to identify gaps and weaknesses that can be addressed once successful potential tenderers have been identified. However, given the lack of experience in Kyrgyzstan with the processes

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involved in seeking EOI from potential tenders, service providers or individual stakeholder groups, some training in these fields, as an aspect of capacity building in local government management of development projects, is likely to be a strategic investment. 50. Farmer training and farm-level demonstrations will be an important feature of IAM-LIP. However, significant attention will need to be devoted to ensuring that the practical nature of the curriculum of the proposed network of training centers is based on local needs, is tailored to the availability of farmers for training during the winter months, and enhances the livelihood skills of the under employed and the unemployed. Use of EOI and competitive tendering processes may be appropriate to determine curriculum, staffing, delivery schedules, course pricing and marketing of the training to be offered. 51. The consistent expression of concern for greater access to affordable but sustainable sources of credit for income generation and enterprise development at all three workshops calls for added consultations with existing rural credit and microfinance institutions in Kyrgyzstan, especially KFC, the Agha Khan Foundation, FINCA and RAS linked credit programs. Special attention needs to be given to the role of ‘trade credit’ as a substitute for credit provided by financial institutions. There is evidence to the effect that the problem of credit in Kyrgyzstan is not a response to a liquidity crisis, but a response to access problems and limited product design. If this is the case, and I cannot claim to have done the research to determine the matter one way or another, there is a significant role to be played by the application of participatory market analysis to assess gaps and the correspondence of needs with product availability on both the credit and savings sides of the market. 52. While there is a general agreement that future agricultural development in Kyrgyzstan will require significant investments in the water sector, there is also understanding that the ADB will concentrate on drainage, the WB on irrigation infrastructure and USAID on support for WUA development. Nonetheless, it is also understood that there are areas of overlap between these areas of the water sector, including the important role that participation must play if sustainable systems are to be established and maintained. 53. Agro-processing and marketing are perceived as major areas of need and opportunity in Kyrgyzstan. The GTZ Innovation Fund in Batken, the AAK-TES programs in Osh and the RAS program in Chuy are only three examples of how value-added through processing and more creative approaches to marketing can enhance farm gate returns. However, an important lesson from these and other programs is the utility of proceeding on a group basis, to spread the risk and nurture the learning while doing potential of group based strategies. Particular attention does need to be paid to capacity building in the area of management if existing cooperatives or new forms of group activity are to succeed. 54. A key lesson from the ADB funded Chuy Oblast area development program (Case Study 1) is the importance of gender issues. At its outset the Chuy PMU did not include a gender expert or any specific provisions or clearly articulated brief on gender. This is now seen as a major error, that should not be repeated in IAM-LIP. While the rhetoric of gender sensitivity can be incorporated into the TA4438 design document, an important practical step will be to specify a set of gender-sensitive progress and impact

17

indicators to be addressed using TA4438 participatory monitoring and evaluation methods. 55. At all three workshops the participants repeated the mantra of participatory rural appraisal (PRA) and the need to ensure that the PMU keeps its attention focused on farm-level problems, constraints and opportunities for value chain enhancement. The question arose: does the PMU need to include persons skilled in PRA for this recommendation to be implemented? The answer to this question is not as simple as it may seem. It may, for example, be enough for the PMU to contract out specific assignments targeting issues such as production constraints, problems faced by farmer and investigation of opportunities for improving farm gate returns. These very issues might also be monitored by incorporating them into the progress monitoring to be reported upon by the PMU on a regular basis. 56. Workshop participants often lamented on the difficulty faced by farmers and local officials in obtaining information on activities planned, under way or completed. This issue should not be ignored. Participation will be promoted if the TA makes provision for a public information program. So doing would be consistent with the workshop recommendation calling for public education to disseminate the best-practice success of individual projects in the TA. Further, such a program will go a considerable way to satisfying the call, emphasized at the Bishkek workshop, for the establishment of a mechanism by which farmers and rural people in general can be kept informed and made to feel confident that the program resources are not been diverted or wasted. B. Follow-up Recommendations

57. The procedures followed by the TA4438 design team have incorporated a significant number of participatory approaches. Community consultations have been held to assist in the identification of key problems faced by farmers and rural communities. Focus group meetings have been conducted to clarify the basis on which area clusters might be defined to guide future infrastructure, technology and human resource development investments. The design team has also made extensive field visits to farms and for discussions with local officials and private sector entrepreneurs. The work that the design team has done to collect data and take advice from the locals has left a trail that we encountered frequently during the design and implementation of RETA6176-KGZ. This trail has added weight to the view that participatory methods are essential and effective means by which to engage and benefit target populations in development, the risks and threats of failure arising from endemic corruption and the constant threat of civil unrest or violence notwithstanding. 58. The issue of trust: The TA design team has amassed a wealth of data on the incidence of poverty, regional strengths and constraints that must be addressed for area development to proceed successfully in the southern Oblasts of Kyrgyzstan. In this environment trust is a rare asset, easily lost and difficult to nurture. All the more important, therefore, that open, accountable, well publicized and participatory processes are chosen as the means by which area development activities are planned, implemented and monitored. 59. Sustainable access to credit: Few topics elicited as enthusiastic involvement in group and plenary discussions as the issue of credit. At a naive level one could come away from each workshop somewhat shocked at the vehemence of the dissatisfaction

18

expressed with the operations of the Kyrgyz Agriculture Finance Corporation (KFC). The commercial approach of KFC and the success with which it has realized almost perfect on-time repayment rates does not sit well with citizens who continue to adhere to the approach to debt that was the norm throughout the Soviet era and continued, apparently, at national level by the government’s success in receiving foreign aid in the form of debt forgiveness. It is still common for farmers to believe that if only they can delay debt repayment, eventually their debt will be forgiven too. As a result, the loudest calls are for cheap credit, given on a long-term basis. In contrast, KFC concentrates on short term working capital loans, given at commercial rates of interest on the basis of contracts that require borrowers to repay loans regularly. Yet, when one pursues the matter further, it is soon also clear that the concern is not for once-off credit programs, but sustainable access. It was from discussion of such issues, at all three workshops, that recommendations for attention to borrower training and strengthening of community managed microfinance programs arose. Follow-up capacity building, using participatory approaches, designed to ensure that credit components of the TA are designed to match borrower and program needs, while also being financially viable and sustainable, must stand as a high priority option. 60. EoI and Competitive Tendering: The issue of trust arises, unsolicited, in the general conversation in the Kyrgyz Republic. An important way in which a more trusting environment can be nurtured around the implementation of TA 4438/IAM-LIP is to ensure that the procedures chosen to plan and implement TA components are transparent and well documented. Few procedures facilitate transparency more rigorously than a well run EoI and competitive tendering process. Capacity building to ensure that the basics of these processes are well understood, are participatory and free of corruption is likely to make a significant contribution to local capacities to manage the implementation of the TA in the best way possible. 61. Vocational Education for Sustainable Rural Livelihoods: Human resource development in rural areas of the Kyrgyz Republic is universally perceived as essential to sustainable economic and social development. TA4438 incorporates a proposal for the establishment of three Vocational Schools to respond to this need. While this proposal has not been subject to analysis or specific attention in the course of this RETA, significant informal discussion of it did arise in several contexts. These discussions give rise to the following questions, that could form the basis for further action under RETA6176.

i. Has a participatory needs analysis be undertaken to tailor the proposed curriculum to the unique vocational training needs of the areas to be served by the three vocational training centers?

ii. Is the proposal for the establishment of vocational training centers

appropriate to the scale of the task needed?

iii. How might the role of region specific vocational training centers be complemented by innovations in the secondary school curriculum that address basic farming skills, farm management and a core curriculum covering agricultural science, animal husbandry and horticulture?

19

C. Conclusions

62. The nature of the training done under this RETA has been atypical for an exercise in capacity building in participation. In contrast to a typical training on participatory methodologies and planning tools, workshop participants were engaged in programs that heightened their awareness of the difference between project priority setting (which, without exception was the expectation of workshop participants other than the case study presenters), that has yet to be done for TA4438, and identification of participatory approaches appropriate to different sorts of area development activities. 63. The RETA workshops have made participants more aware of the participatory activities that have been undertaken by TA4438 program design team in data collection, stakeholder consultation and potential geographical focus of the TA by area cluster. The criteria by which clusters are designated remained fluid throughout the course of the workshop program, but it was clear that important criteria include the role of key water basins, the capacity of local authorities to collaborate, the potential for value adding and product marketing, the opportunity to partner with other donor agencies, and the incidence of poverty. 64. RETA6176-KGZ has contributed to the goals of TA4438 by strengthening the participatory planning undertaken for TA4438, by providing added opportunities to disseminate to a broad audience of stakeholders the works done by the TA4438 design team, and by enhancing the overall analysis and design of the TA it was designed to complement.

Appendix 1A: Four Participation Workshop Case Studies

POWERPOINT PRESENTATION Case Study 1 : Learning from Experience

Fulfillment of Contract Obligations with ADB

Government of Kyrgyzstan

Ministry of FinanceMAWR PI

Chui Oblast Administration Major client•Signing the contract•Control over fulfillment of contract obligations

Public UnionChui RAS

Agriculture Area Development Project Client

Control over fulfillment of contract obligations•Contract monitoring•Payment for contract

fulfillment

Major tasks of Chui RAS are:

- Teach to analyze and discuss annual production results;- Teach to identify shortcomings in farm management and production

approaches and plan for improvement;

- Teach to demonstrate production and farming successes;

- Plan activities to guarantee success;

- Look into and compare options to decrease production costs; provide information on innovations;

Cooperation between the AADP and Chui RAS has started three years ago. During the period, Chui RAS has proved to be an efficient and effective organization. Based on that, Chui RAS was invited to compete with other qualified consulting firms for delivery of training and consultation services to AADP in 2006.

Organizational Structure of Chui RAS

General meeting of the members

Oblast Management Committee

Regional manager / International Advisor

TA in livestock raising, farm economy, marketing

Gender and poverty related TA

General responsibilities, donors

Gender, rural poverty

Women’ s groups, saving groups, processing

General responsibilities, credits, marketing,

veterinary services, artificial insemination, animal

feeding ratio

Technical services, seeds, chemicals, fertilizers

Farm economy, marketing

Poultry farmsGeneral responsibilities, donors

Livestock raising

VegetablesResponsible to СРТGeneral responsibilities, donors

Crop production

Responsible to ABBResponsible to ABBResponsibilities to ABBABB

Advisors Advisors

Additional specialists Additional specialists

Rayon Advisors

Technical, professional assistance

Linking advisory services with

input suppliers

IFInterested farmers are

paid for participation in the field and service days

Interested farmers are paid

for participation in the field and service days

Members of Interest Groups

Training Structure of Chui RAS

Chui RAS

Training of trainers + RA Planning +Control

Group of trainers + RA

Groups of farmers trained7 groups = 100 farmersLeader

Leader Leader Leader Leader

Leader

15-20farmers

15-20farmers

15-20farmers

15-20farmers

15-20farmers

15-20farmers

6

Winter training for each of the farmers’ training groups

No more than one technologyOne class

ProcessingLegal issues

No more than 2 major animals

Livestock raisingNo more than 3 major cropsCrop production

Mandatory courseEstablishment of agricultural cooperatives

Mandatory courseFarm planning and management

Mandatory courseWater managements and soil protection

Max. training subjectsTraining topic

Kichi-Kemin Aiyl OkmotuNo of farms 297No of farmers 594

No of farmers, who completed a comprehensive training course

7148

100

156

219

0

50

100

150

200

250

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008594

219

156

100

48

71

460

-

-

-

460

0

171

-

-

-

146

25

2008

2007

2006

2005

2004

No of field day

participants

Con. participants

No of trainees

Year

Total

- Training shall be conducted on a larger scale, i.e. all interested farmers should participate irrespective of land plot size

- Select topics beneficial for farmers in terms of income generation

- Training should be done along with practical demonstration

- Input suppliers and buyers should be invited to participate in the demo courses

Lessons Learned

Appendix 1B: Four Participation Workshop Case Studies

POWERPOINT PRESENTATION Case Study 2 : Private Sector Farmer-Business Collaboration

Agriculture Area Development Project

Total Project cost: US$ 45 000 000Loan amountFrom Asian Development Bank: US$ 36 000 000Financial terms: 1,5% /annum for 32 years, 8

years – grace periodCo-financing:Government of Kyrgyzstan: US$ 7 500 000Beneficiaries: US$ 1 500 000Loan agreement signed: May 16, 2000Project start date: September 2001Project completion date: December 2008

Project Goal: Increase profitability and incomes of farmers in Chui Oblast.

To accomplish the goal, AADP is implementing 4 Project components:

1. Farm development (training, legal assistance, business planning)-US$ 6 944 000 or 15,4% of the loan amount;

2. Drainage and Irrigation Systems (foresees rehabilitation of irrigation and drainage systems covering 55 000 ha) – US$ 21 050 000 or 46,7 % of the loan amount;

3. Development of enterprises, technical service centers and marketing –12,44 million USD or 27,6% of the loan amount;

4. Project management unit 3,736 million USD or 8,3% of the loan amount.

Objectives of the Farm Development Component

Farm selection

Information campaign

Financial audit

Farm development planning

Farm support program

Farm Selection Criteria•• Primary selection criteriaPrimary selection criteria::

Land conditionLand conditionDebtsDebtsWUA development stageWUA development stage

•

•

Basic farm selection criteria:Financial statusFinancial statusManagement and ownership structureManagement and ownership structure

Small farm selection criteria:RegistrationRegistrationAccess to services provided outside the basic farmsAccess to services provided outside the basic farmsLevel of support provided by Level of support provided by AiylAiyl OkmotuOkmotu

Farm Support ProgramLegal assistance on land and property issues

Resuming operation of the established enterprises and setting up new ones engaged in:

• technical service provision and agricultural machinery repair;

• spare parts supply;

•marketing of farm produce;

• agricultural produce processing

Training and counseling

Assistance in applying for credits to KAFC

Компоненты Развитие предприятий

и Маркетинг

Assistance in establishing new cooperatives

Preparing development plans for existing cooperatives

Farm Development Component

AADP Credit Portfolio1.US$ 10 000 000 of ADB funds - for investment projects.

2.US$ 3 500 000 (KAFC funds) – for working capital.

Enterprise Development Component

• Services Provision

Fruits and vegetables

Milk and oil crops

Technical services and machinery repair centersSpare parts supplies and small capacity agricultural machinery production

• Agricultural Produce Processing

Marketing in the Private SectorAssist the AADP selected farms in marketing agricultural produce

Form interest groups (60 groups)

Establish trade relations with processing companies and wholesale and procurement organizations

Conduct market research of the domestic and foreign markets

Facilitate import substitution and export pf the produced agricultural products

Major Activities of the Irr&Dr

Component

Preliminary assessment of the rehabilitation costsDesign stageCivil works

Objective of the Irrigation and Drainage Systems Rehabilitation

Rehabilitation of irrigation and drainage systems in Chui oblast covering the area of 55 000 ha.

Lessons Learned from the Project Implementation

Special attention to farm selection;Gender Issues as the main Project component;Targeted credits

Appendix 1C: Four Participation Workshop Case Studies

POWERPOINT PRESENTATION Case Study 3 : Pro-Poor Community Development

Community Development

Introduction

Kasansay villageJany Jol Aiyl OkmotuAksy rayon, Jalalabat Oblast

Commencement of the UNDP Poverty Reduction Commencement of the UNDP Poverty Reduction ProgramProgram -- AugustAugust 20012001

Village selection criteriaVillage selection criteria: :

High level of povertyHigh level of povertyRemoteness from rayon and oblast centersRemoteness from rayon and oblast centersWeak infrastructureWeak infrastructureAbsence of village development organizationsAbsence of village development organizationsAbsence of credit institutionsAbsence of credit institutionsGood credit historyGood credit historyEnthusiastic populationEnthusiastic population

UNDP Poverty Reduction ProgramUNDP Poverty Reduction Program--support to support to government efforts and other organizations government efforts and other organizations initiatives in reducing the povertyinitiatives in reducing the poverty..

Local populationLocal population participationparticipation

Development ProcessDevelopment ProcessHuman resources developmentHuman resources development

Change of mindset and raising consciousness Change of mindset and raising consciousness Participation in a training courseParticipation in a training courseSelfSelf--controlcontrolMotivation in selfMotivation in self--help groups developmenthelp groups developmentParticipation in community activitiesParticipation in community activities

Economic DevelopmentEconomic Development

SavingsSavingsFinancial analysis skillsFinancial analysis skillsCreditCredit ((increased No of livestock, land size, opportunities for increased No of livestock, land size, opportunities for obtaining larger credits arose, repayment rate obtaining larger credits arose, repayment rate 100%)100%)Income generation activitiesIncome generation activities ((sewing workshopsewing workshop, , rere--sale of cattlesale of cattle, , fruit processingfruit processing))Establishment of YNTYMAK Establishment of YNTYMAK cooperativecooperative ((som som 2323 000)000)Basis for MCA establishmentBasis for MCA establishment

Lessons Learned:

Social mobilization based on participation and following genderequality principles leads to sustainable community development

in all directions (human, economic, political and social)

Group work improves access to various resources, infromation and credits

To develop agriculture, the communities need support from agriculture development organizations

Social Mobilization ProcessSocial Mobilization Process

SHG SHG SHG SHG

SHGA

UNDP Program

SP

RASKAFC

LSG

NGO

• Charter

• Savings

• Accounting

• Accountability

Structure

• Social issues committee- NGO

• Agricultural issues committee – cooperative

• Credit committee – NCA, CU

Agricultural consultationFinancing

Political developmentPolitical development

-- Participation in decisionParticipation in decision--makingmaking-- Active participation in the local and Active participation in the local and JogorkuJogorku keneshkenesh electionselections-- Village activists elected as deputies of Village Village activists elected as deputies of Village keneshkenesh-- Partnership with Partnership with AiylAiyl OkmotuOkmotu, , АК АК

Social DevelopmentSocial Development

-- Participation in village infrastructure improvement activitiesParticipation in village infrastructure improvement activities-- Organization of social events aiming as rural livelihood Organization of social events aiming as rural livelihood improvementimprovement-- Social partnershipSocial partnership

Appendix 1D: Four Participation Workshop Case Studies

POWERPOINT PRESENTATION Case Study 4 : Social Mobilization for Community

Based Natural Resource Management

Activities on Institutional Development of WUAs in Kyrgyzstan

Hiring of Mobilizers

Advertisements in local newspapersConducting interviews in rayonsSelection of 3 most suitable candidates

(including a woman)

Trainings for Trainings for MobilizersMobilizers

Conducting training on “How to strengthen Conducting training on “How to strengthen WUAsWUAs?” for ?” for MobilizersMobilizersDevelopment of Plan on strengthening Development of Plan on strengthening WUAs WUAs based on problems related to irrigation and based on problems related to irrigation and WUA activities;WUA activities;Implementation of the PlanImplementation of the Plan

Process of strengthening Process of strengthening WUAs WUAs in in Kyrgyzstan:Kyrgyzstan:

Integration into community;Integration into community;Social Investigation;Social Investigation;Dissemination of information about WUASP and Dissemination of information about WUASP and

its objectives;its objectives;Verification of identified problems with WUA Verification of identified problems with WUA

membersmembersCore Group Formation;Core Group Formation;

Purpose of Core Group (CG) Purpose of Core Group (CG) Formation:Formation:

Assist Assist MobilizerMobilizer in dissemination of information in dissemination of information about WUASP objectives;about WUASP objectives;Enlighten farmers about key issues and Enlighten farmers about key issues and concerns that they encounter;concerns that they encounter;Motivate farmers for participation in meetings;Motivate farmers for participation in meetings;

Conducting Orientation meetings for CG:Conducting Orientation meetings for CG:

Finding out CG members’ knowledge about WUA, Finding out CG members’ knowledge about WUA, General Assembly, Zone Representatives, Charter, General Assembly, Zone Representatives, Charter, Council, Committees and Director’s office;Council, Committees and Director’s office;Development of plan on dissemination of Development of plan on dissemination of information about WUASP and its objectives and information about WUASP and its objectives and improvement of WUA Management activities;improvement of WUA Management activities;

Activities conducted by CG members:Activities conducted by CG members:

Information dissemination;Information dissemination;Identification of needs and verification of problems Identification of needs and verification of problems

identified by identified by mobilizermobilizer;;Prioritization of problems and their solutions;Prioritization of problems and their solutions;Informing WUA members about necessity of Informing WUA members about necessity of

conducting and attending meetings.conducting and attending meetings.

Farmers showing initiatives:Farmers showing initiatives:

By farmers’ initiative it was decided to conduct By farmers’ initiative it was decided to conduct Zonal meetings;Zonal meetings;Determine number of representatives according to Determine number of representatives according to

service area in each zone;service area in each zone;Election of Zone Representatives;Election of Zone Representatives;Preparation for conducting Representatives Preparation for conducting Representatives

Assembly (General Assembly).Assembly (General Assembly).

Trainings for Zone Representatives:Trainings for Zone Representatives:

Conducting trainings on:Conducting trainings on:“Forming and Developing “Forming and Developing WUAsWUAs”;”;

-- General General AdministationAdministation-- Rights and Duties of WUA membersRights and Duties of WUA members-- WUA Charter.WUA Charter.

Outcomes of activities on Outcomes of activities on strengtheningstrengthening WUAsWUAs::

Same activities are being conducted in the Same activities are being conducted in the following following WUAsWUAs::

AravanAravan rayon rayon –– WUAsWUAs “KMZ” and ““KMZ” and “AsantaiAsantai”;”;NookenNooken rayon rayon –– WUA “WUA “AikolAikol--SuuSuu””

Representatives Assembly Representatives Assembly (General Assembly):(General Assembly):

Election of Council members;Election of Council members;Election of Audit Committee members;Election of Audit Committee members;Election of Arbitrary Committee members;Election of Arbitrary Committee members;

Outcomes of activities on strengthening Outcomes of activities on strengthening WUAsWUAs::

WUA Management bodies are elected in:WUA Management bodies are elected in:Aravan Aravan rayon rayon –– WUAs WUAs ““TalTal--BulakBulak” and ” and

““KurtashKurtash”;”;Kadamjay Kadamjay rayon rayon –– WUAs WUAs ““IsaIsa--MariamMariam” and ” and

“Kara“Kara--DoboDobo”;”;Nooken Nooken rayon rayon –– WUAs WUAs ““TaimonkuTaimonku” and ” and

ShaidanShaidan -- KaraKara--DoboDobo”;”;Nooken Nooken rayon rayon –– WUAs WUAs ““TaimonkuTaimonku” and ” and

Shaidan Shaidan –– KaraKara--UnkurUnkur””

Appendix 2: RETA6176, Batken Participation Workshop, Schedule of Presentations and Activities, 13-14 February 2006 13 February 0800 hours Batken Workshop venue for registrations Distribution of Documentation Allocation to Workshop Groups Reading Time Meet and Greet (Coffee and Tea supplied) 0915 hours Workshop welcome and Introductory Comments Presenters: Joe Remenyi/Tahir Ahmetov 0930 hours Workshop opening address Presenter: Oblast Deputy Governor Akjol Madaliev 0945 hours Background to IAM-LIP Presenter: Joe Remenyi 1000 hours Clarifying Questions and Comments 1015 hours Coffee and Discussion Break 1030 hours Case Study No. 1 Lessons from RAS-AADP interaction, 2000-2005 Presenters: Majit and Alymkul 1130 hours Clarifying Questions and Comments 1145 hours Break into four workgroups as assigned Questions to be considered by each group: Three key implications of the lessons learned from Case Study 1 How can these implications be incorporated into IAM-LIP? 1215 hours Workgroup reports to workshop plenary 1240 hours Reconciliation and priority setting of workgroup recommendations Presenter: Majit 1330 hours Lunch 1500 hours Case study No. 2 Rural Market Development by TES-AAK Presenters: Ainagul and Mansur 1545 hours Clarifying Questions and Comments 1600 hours Break into four workgroups as assigned Questions to be considered by each group: Three key implications of the lessons learned from Case Study 2 How can these implications be incorporated into the 2nd AADP? 1645 hours Workgroup reports to workshop plenary 1515 hours Reconciliation and priority setting of workgroup recommendations Presenter: Ainagul 1800 hours Break 1830 hours Return to Torstan’s house 1930 hours Workshop social function and dinner 2245 hours Return to Torstan’s house Phone home

14 February 0630 hours Review budget and documentation 0830 hours Breakfast 0915 hours Depart Torstan’s for workshop venue 0930 hours Comments to Participants: Order of the Day Presenters: Tahir Ahmetov and Joe Remenyi Workshop Facilitator and Counterpart 0945 hours Case Study No. 3 Lessons from UNDP Poverty Program, Jalalabad 2000-2005 Presenter: Gulnaz Kolsarieva 1015 hours Clarifying Questions and Comments 1030 hours Coffee and Discussion Break 1045 hours Break into four workgroups as assigned Questions to be considered by each group: Three key implications of the lessons learned from Case Study 1 How can these implications be incorporated intoIAM-LIP? 1115 hours Workgroup reports to workshop plenary 1145 hours Reconciliation and priority setting of workgroup recommendations Presenter: Gulnaz 1230 hours Lunch 1400 hours Case study No. 4 Water User Associations in Batken Oblast Presenters: Almaz Raimberdiev and Shabdan Mamazhunusov 1430 hours Clarifying Questions and Comments 1445 hours Break into four workgroups as assigned Questions to be considered by each group: Three key implications of the lessons learned from Case Study 2 How can these implications be incorporated into the 2nd AADP? 1515 hours Workgroup reports to workshop plenary 1545 hours Reconciliation and priority setting of workgroup recommendations Presenter: Almaz Raimberdiev and Shabdan Mamazhunusov 1615 hours During the Coffee Break, the Team meets with local four elected local representatives to prepare a draft summary of recommendations from Batken for consideration by the workshop plenary. 1700 hours Final Report by Workshop Convener and Counterpart on Workshop Outcomes. 1715 hours Discussion and Revision of Workshop Summary Recommendations 1745 hours Final Workshop Vote on Summary Recommendations to be Reported to the Bishkek Workshop 1800 hours Workshop Debrief with Presenters and Organisers 1900 hours Return to Torstan’s house Dinner with Torstan and Gisel 2000 hours Meeting with Munabek and Tahir to finalise administration and financial details arising from the workshop 2130 hours Check and respond to emails

Appendix 3: RETA6176, Jalalabad Participation Workshop, Schedule of Presentations and Activities, 16-17 February 2006 16 February 0800 hours Jalalabad Workshop venue for registrations Distribution of Documentation Allocation to Workshop Groups Reading Time Meet and Greet (Coffee and Tea supplied) 0915 hours Workshop welcome and Introductory Comments Presenters: Joe Remenyi/Tahir Ahmetov 0930 hours Workshop opening address Presenter: Oblast Governor Aidaraliev Iskanderbek Ryspekovich 0945 hours Background to IAM-LIP Presenter: Joep Cuijpers, TL SAADP 1000 hours Clarifying Questions and Comments 1015 hours Coffee and Discussion Break 1030 hours Case Study No. 1 Lessons from RAS-AADP interaction, 2000-2005 Presenters: Majit and Alymkul 1130 hours Clarifying Questions and Comments 1145 hours Break into four workgroups as assigned Questions to be considered by each group: Three key implications of the lessons learned from Case Study 1 How can these implications be incorporated into IAM-LIP? 1300 hours Lunch 1345 hours Workgroup reports to workshop plenary 1400 hours Reconciliation and priority setting of workgroup recommendations Presenter: Majit 1430 hours Case study No. 2 Rural Market Development by TES-AAK Presenters: Aziza Yuldasheva and Ilkin Khaliapov 1500 hours Clarifying Questions and Comments 1510 hours Break into four workgroups as assigned Questions to be considered by each group: Three key implications of the lessons learned from Case Study 2 How can these implications be incorporated into the 2nd AADP? 1630 hours Workgroup reports to workshop plenary 1515 hours Reconciliation and priority setting of workgroup recommendations Presenter: Aziza/Ilkin 1530 hours Break Workshop Team Debriefing 1830 hours Workshop dinner 1945 hours Retire to hotel room to watch Winter Olymics with Tahir, Alymkul, Gulnaz, Ludwig, Janybeck and Majit

17 February 0730 hours Prepare consultant documentation Prepare pay envelope for Janybeck Osmonaliev Review program for today Pack for departure for Osh at conclusion of Jalalabad Workshop 0900 hours Opening of Day 2 of Jalalabad Workshop Comments to Participants: Order of the Day Presenters: Tahir Ahmetov and Joe Remenyi Workshop Facilitator and Counterpart 0930 hours Case Study No. 3 Lessons from UNDP Poverty Program, Jalalabad 2000-2005 Presenter: Gulnaz Kolsarieva 1015 hours Clarifying Questions and Comments 1030 hours Coffee and Discussion Break 1045 hours Break into four workgroups as assigned Questions to be considered by each group: Three key implications of the lessons learned from Case Study 3 How can these implications be incorporated intoIAM-LIP? 1115 hours Workgroup reports to workshop plenary 1145 hours Reconciliation and priority setting of workgroup recommendations Presenter: Gulnaz 1230 hours Lunch 1400 hours Case study No. 4 Water User Associations in Batken Oblast Presenters: Jumabekov, Turgunbek and Shabdan Mamazhunusov 1430 hours Clarifying Questions and Comments 1445 hours Break into four workgroups as assigned Questions to be considered by each group: Three key implications of the lessons learned from Case Study 3 How can these implications be incorporated into the 2nd AADP? 1515 hours Workgroup reports to workshop plenary 1545 hours Reconciliation and priority setting of workgroup recommendation Presenter: Jumabekov, Turgunbek 1600 hours During the Coffee Break, the Team meets with local four elected local representatives to prepare a draft summary of recommendations from Batken for consideration by the workshop plenary. 1630 hours Presentation by Workshop Convener and Counterpart on Workshop Recommendations for confirmation by Workshop participants. 1650 hours Meet with Janybek to finanlise accounting for Jalalabad-Osh workshop 1700 hours Depart Jalalabad for Osh 2030 hours Arrive Crystal Hotel, Osh 2100 hours Dinner with Tahir, Majit and Alymkul 2230 hours Meet with Kyrgyz Concept at Crystal Hotel to settle accounts for Bus and

air tickets

Appendix 4: RETA6176, Bishkek Participation Workshop, Schedule of Presentations and Activities, 20 February 2006 20 February 0630 hours Phone contact with Tahir re pick up arrangements 0800 hours Karl Marx St Micrarayon 3 for pick up 0830 hours Participant Registration, Workshop Materials distribution and Participant Group Allocation 0900 hours Workshop Goals and Welcome Message Presenters: John Whittle, Principal Project Economist, ADB (Syrga Salieva Co-Team Leader, IAM-LIP, Technical Assistance Team) 0915 hours Workshop opening address Presenter: M Ashraf Malik, ADB Krygyz Resident Mission Country Director Helping the poor under the IAM-LIP With ADB KRM Translator 0945 hours Joep Cuijpers, Team Leader, IAM-LIP Technical Assistance Design Team Current state of play in IAM-LIP: Key Stakeholders, Emerging Priorities With Syrga Salieva, Co-Team Leader, and Kunduz Masylkanova, Economist, IAM-LIP, Technical Assistance Team 1015 hours Joe Remenyi, Workshop Facilitator and ADB-RETA Team Leader Report to IAM-LIP Technical Assistance Design Team on Recommendations from the Batken and Jalalabad Workshops With Tahir Ahmatov, Co-Workshop Facilitator 1045 hours Clarifying Questions and Comments from the floor 1100 hours Coffee and Discussion Break 1115 hours Brief presentations from Case Study 1, 2,3 and 4 on key insights for participatory, pro-poor, gender sensitive and sustainable initiatives in the Chuy AADP 1330 hours Lunch 1430 hours Workshop Group Work: Negotiating The Emergence of Participation Principles and Priorities for IAM-LIP Workshop Participants break into groups as allocated at registration: -Each group to elect a spokesperson and a note taker. The group will then consider the following issues in light of feedback from the Batken and Jalalabad Workshops and the presentations made earlier in this Bishkek Workshop -Key Participation Goals for IAM-LIP? -Priority areas of investment in which participation is a core issue? -What needs to be done to ensure that IAM-LIP responds to farmer needs and market demands in a participatory manner? -How best can farmer group cooperation be facilitated? -Are there important gender considerations that need to be integrated into the design of participation in IAM-LIP?

1530 hours Workgroup reports to workshop plenary 1630 hours Reconciliation and priority setting of workgroup recommendations 1700 hours Break 1715 hours Presentation, discussion and editing by the workshop of Workshop Summary Recommendations 1745 hours Close and farewell 1815 hours Completion of financial administration for workshop participant per diems

etc. Closing Summary of Bishkek Workshop Recommendations

1900 hours Dinner with Case Study Presenters The case study teams consisted of the following persons: Case Study 1: Lessons from ADB Funded Chuy Area Development Program Oskonbaer, Aldymajit (PMU), Principal Presenter Sisorenko, Raisa V (PMU) Yumacanoya, Dinara (PMU) Kaplozov, Alymkul (Chuy RAS) Jumabekov Joomart Kojomuratovich (Chuy RAS) Case Study 2: TES-AAK Model of Farmer Training for Growth in Rural Value-Added Nasyrova, Ainagul (TES), Principal Presenter Kasymov, Alisher (AAK) Khaliapov, Ilkin (TES) Baratov, Mansur (AAK) Yuldasheva, Aziza (AAK) Case Study 3: Social Mobilisation for Sustainable Improvements in Gender and Economic Equity in Rural Community Development Kolsarieva, Gulnaz, (UNDP-UNIFEM), Principal Presenter Case Study 4: Community Managed Natural Resource Management: The Case for Stronger Water User Associations Mamazhunusov, Shabdan (WUASP), Principal Presenter Jumabekov, Turgunbek (WUASP) Mamataliev, Nurgazy (WUASP) Raimberdiev, Almaz (WUASP) Zarov, Victor (WUASP).

Appendix 5 Batken and Jalalabad Workshop Introductory Comments By Joe Remenyi and Tahir Ahmetov Introduction We welcome you all here for this workshop. Let me begin by speaking about the people who will be facilitating and presenting at this workshop. My name is Joe Remenyi. I am from Australia. I am an economist and have worked in agricultural development for more than thirty years. I have been engaged by the Asian Development Bank to work with local colleagues to identify ways in which participatory commitments in the agricultural development activities that ADB loan funds will support can be strengthened. We seek your input into this process. My co-workshop facilitator is Tahir Ahmetov. He is a lawyer by training and normally engaged in assignments for the World Bank and public sector clients. He is a foundation member of Kyrgyzstan’s Arbitration Tribunal for Trade and Commerce, appointed in 2003. Our local colleagues in Batken, (Munarbek Dobutov), Jalalabad, (Janybek Osmonaliev), and Bishkek, (Ms Syrga Salieva), are well known local identities. The core of our workshop team, however, are our case study presenters. There are four case studies that will be put before you, and the presenters are here in their capacity as knowledgeable persons. They are not here as advocates, but as colleagues keen to share with you the lessons they have learnt from their involvement in the case study they will present. You will meet all of these people in the course of the workshop, but you are invited to approach any of us and to ask questions that you want answered. Workshop Objectives From the very outset it is important for us to stress that we are not here to make promises to you or to create unrealistic expectations. We are not here to make decisions, nor to tell you what to do or how to do your jobs. We do want to engage you on a conversation that will identify areas and ways in which participatory approaches to the planning and implementation of agricultural development can be incorporated into the design of the second ADB agriculture area development loan. Primarily, therefore, we are here to listen to your views, your advice, your understanding of priority needs and opportunities. But, we also ask you to listen, as some of your fellow Kyrgyz nationals share their insights into participatory development planning and implementation based on their involvement in successful and innovative agricultural and rural community development. This workshop is being held at a pivotal time, because the coming months will see decisions made about where, on what and over what timeframe the next Asian Development Bank loan for agricultural development in the Southern Oblasts of Kyrgyzstan will be committed. However, there are some core parameters that constrain

these decisions. The loan will be concluded in a context in which the ADB and the Government of Kyrgyzstan share cross-cutting commitments to poverty reduction, gender equity, sustainability and good governance. Global experience has demonstrated, over and over, that these cross-cutting priorities are best served if: (i) the process by which agricultural development priorities are selected is the outcome of broad-based consultations and participatory approaches to development planning; and (ii) activity implementation processes and arrangements are also participatory. This workshop is an example of what it means to be participatory. We look to you to not only listen, but to actively contribute to the ideas that are considered as the development planning process is progressed. There are, therefore, two main things that we will seek to achieve in this workshop: (a) To put before you examples of successful agricultural development initiatives covering community development, rural finance, farmer education, technology transfer, rural women’s empowerment, community based natural resource management, private enterprise driven marketing and supply chain planning. This is a broad agenda that will, we hope, cover issues important to development planning in the southern Oblasts of Kyrgyzstan, especially Batken, Jalalabad and Osh. In each of the case studies the practicality and effectiveness of group-based farmer and community mobilization to address common economic, social, institutional and community goals are demonstrated. (b) To ask you to consider how these real world experiences, primarily taken from activities that have been done here in the south of Kyrgyzstan, might be incorporated into the structure and content of the forthcoming Second Agriculture Area Development Program (recently renamed the Integrated Agriculture Management and Land Improvement Program, IAM-LIP). This workshop is not a talk-fest! We want you to be fully involved. As a result, the workshop is structured around case studies, the significant of which you are asked to consider in group sessions. Each of you has been allocated to a group. Each group will report back to the workshop its ideas and assessments of the implications for agricultural development, in your Oblast and Raion, of the lessons highlighted by the case study presenters. The workshop will then listen to the group based responses and attempt to distil these into recommendations to be put before the final Bishkek Workshop, where all the key stakeholders in IAM-LIP, including the project design team, will be participants. It is in your interests to ensure that the final recommendations taken from this workshop to Bishkek are clear and decisive about what participatory techniques should be to be included in the design of the ADB project. Your colleagues in Bishkek have already indicated that they are keen to hear your views on issues such as the role and means by which business people can support/encourage/partner with farmers to establish groups to undertake value adding market activities. You may have come across this as ‘enhancing the value-chain’. We want to hear your views on what provisions need to be integrated into the design of the second ADB agriculture sector loan to ensure that commercial realities are not ignored. Finally, we thank you for being here and trust that you will find the workshop a productive and constructive use of your valuable time. We are conscious that the recommendations that arise from the workshop are views that need to be taken seriously.

Appendix 6 Bishkek Workshop Introductory Comments By Joe Remenyi and Tahir Ahmetov Introduction We welcome you all here for this workshop. Let me begin by speaking about the process that has brought us here and the people who will be facilitating and presenting at this workshop. My name is Joe Remenyi. I am from Australia. I am an economist and have worked in agricultural development for more than thirty years. I have been engaged by the Asian Development Bank to work with local colleagues to identify ways in which participatory commitments designed into the second agriculture area development loan that the ADB is now concluding might be supported and strengthened. We seek your input into this process. My co-workshop facilitator is Tahir Ahmetov. He is a lawyer by training and normally engaged in assignments for the World Bank and public sector clients. He is a foundation member of Kyrgyzstan’s Arbitration Tribunal for Trade and Commerce, appointed in 2003. We have also worked with colleagues in Batken, (Munarbek Dobutov), and Jalalabad, (Janybek Osmonaliev), and here in Bishkek, (Ms Syrga Salieva) to prepare for this workshop. Each of these persons is a Kyrgyz citizen and likely well known to many people here as workshop participants. The road to Bishkek has involved us in a workshop in Batken and another in Jalalabad-Osh Oblasts. At these workshops the core of our workshop team have presented case studies illustrating the way in which participation based agricultural and community development activities have been implemented, successfully, here in Kyrgyzstan. The first of these case studies presented outcomes and lessons learned from the first ADB area development loan to Chuy Oblast. We are pleased to have representatives from the Chuy PMU and its partner RAS program to briefly put before you their views on the lessons that needed to be taken into account in the second loan to ensure broad-based participation, especially by poor farmers. The second case study concerns the role that private entrepreneurs have played in bringing efficient supply-chain services to farmers, complemented by farmer level training and in-farmers’-fields demonstrations that address the real world problems of farmers as they seek to effectively manage their enterprises. Representatives of TES Centre and AAK in Osh are here to summarise the lessons they have learned about successful implementation of farmer-based participatory agricultural development. The third case study concerns the experiences of communities involved in UNDP’s poverty reduction program in Jalalabad Oblast. The presented was a key member of the social mobilization team for that project. She will put before you the recommendations that come from that project concerning the importance of women’s empowerment, strategic use of micro-credit for enterprise development and income generation, and the sorts of governance issues that must be

addressed if sustainable benefits are to be realized, especially by the poor and the marginalized. The fourth case study concerns one of the key issues in area development, community based management of natural resources, as epitomized by the experiences of the Water User Association Support Program being implemented in all southern Oblasts by Winrock, with financial support from USAID. Taken together these four case studies illustrate the practicality and effectiveness of participatory approaches to agricultural development in Kyrgyzstan. We are confident that in considering the lessons that can be drawn from these case studies, that you too will find in them inspiration for how these lessons might be integrated into the design of the second ADB agriculture area development program. In addition to the words of wisdom you will hear from the case study presenters, we will also put before you the recommendations that arose out of the deliberations of the SAADP Participation Workshops held in Batken and Jalalabad just last week (13-14 and 16-17 February, respectively). The presenters at this workshop are here in their capacity as knowledgeable persons. They are not here as advocates, but as colleagues keen to share with you the lessons they have learnt about the ways in which the participation of target beneficiaries in development planning, activity implementation and progress monitoring can serve the cross-cutting goals of poverty reduction, gender equity, impact sustainability and good governance. You will meet all of these people in the course of the workshop, but you are invited to approach any of us and to ask questions that you want answered. Workshop Objectives From the very outset it is important for us to stress that we are not here to make promises to you or to create unrealistic expectations. We are not here to make decisions, nor to tell you what to do or how to do your jobs. We do, however, want to engage you in a conversation that will identify areas and ways in which participatory approaches to the planning and implementation of agricultural development can be incorporated into the design of the second ADB agriculture area development loan. Primarily, therefore, we are here to listen to your views, your advice, your understanding of how participatory approaches can be used to meet priority needs and opportunities. But, we also ask you to listen, as some of your fellow Kyrgyz nationals share their insights into participatory development planning and implementation based on their involvement in successful and innovative agricultural and rural community development. This workshop is being held at a pivotal time, because the coming months will see decisions made about where, on what and over what timeframe the next Asian Development Bank loan for agricultural area development in the Southern Oblasts of Kyrgyzstan will be committed. However, there are some core parameters that constrain these decisions and it is important to highlight these. The loan will be concluded in a context in which the ADB and the Government of Kyrgyzstan share commitments to poverty reduction, gender equity, sustainability and good governance. Global experience has demonstrated, over and over, that these cross-cutting priorities are best served if: (i) the process by which agricultural development priorities are selected is the outcome of broad-based consultations and participatory approaches to development planning; and (ii) activity implementation processes and arrangements are also participatory.

This workshop is an example of what it means to be participatory. We look to you to not only listen, but to actively contribute to the ideas that are considered as the development planning process is progressed. There are, therefore, two main things that we will seek to achieve in this workshop: (a) To put before you examples of successful agricultural development initiatives covering community development, rural finance, farmer education, technology transfer, rural women’s empowerment, community based natural resource management, private enterprise driven marketing and supply chain planning. This is a broad agenda that will, we hope, cover issues important to development planning in the southern Oblasts of Kyrgyzstan, especially Batken, Jalalabad and Osh. In each of the case studies the practicality and effectiveness of group-based farmer and community mobilization to address common economic, social, institutional and community goals are demonstrated. (b) To ask you to consider how these real world experiences, primarily taken from activities that have been done in the south of Kyrgyzstan but also based on lessons from Chuy, might be incorporated into the structure and content of the planned Second Agriculture Area Development Program (recently renamed the Integrated Agriculture Management and Land Improvement Program, IAM-LIP). This workshop is not a talk-fest! We want you to be fully involved. As a result, the workshop is structured around group work. Each of you has been allocated to a group. Each group will report back to the workshop its ideas and assessments of the implications for agricultural development of the lessons highlighted by the case study presenters and the recommendations of the Batken and Jalalabad-Osh workshops. The workshop will then convene into a plenary session to distil the reports coming from each group into a final set of recommendations to the IAM-LIP project design team. It is in your interests to ensure that the final recommendations taken from this Bishkek workshop are clear and decisive about what participatory elements should be included in the design of the ADB project. The SAADP design team have already indicated that they are keen to hear your views, especially on issues such as the role of women in agruclture development, and means by which business people can support/encourage/partner with farmers to establish self-help groups to ‘enhance the value-chain’ and deliver higher farm-gate prices. We want to hear your views on what participatory provisions need to be integrated into the design of the second ADB agriculture sector loan to ensure that commercial realities are not ignored. Let me now turn to the recommendations arising out of the Batken and Jalalabad-Osh Workshops: Batken Workshop Priorities/Recommendations: *1.Commitment to participatory approach to achievement of cross cutting themes of: -Pro-poor, gender equity, sustainability, good governance *2. Establishment of an on-going program of: -Participatory problem analysis; -Farm level ‘value-chain’ constraints studies; possibly as a component of the PMU *3. Investment in Locally Managed Credit Programs, free of collateral requirements for:

-Enterprise development -Group based and individual Microfinance; possibly through a new institution or a locally managed outsourced program of an existing microfinance provider. *4. Investments that address local water needs through: -WUA managed irrigation expansion and maintenance -The community’s need for secure potable water supplies in the face of expanded demand for water for irrigation -Training for expansion in the number of WUAs *5. Investment in the creation of a Rural Development Technical Assistance Agency: -Dedicated to addressing farmer problems on a commercial basis; -Able to offer farmer training on a cost recovery basis; -With a mandate to implement publicly funded farm level demonstrations; and -Committed to offer farmers consulting services directed at: -higher farm-gate returns -publicly supported exploration of export promotion. *6. Legal reforms designed to: -Promote farm-level involvement in the marketing of rural production; -Strengthen privates sector based input supply chain channels. Jalalabad-Osh Workshop Recommendations: *1. The Workshop has been a very lively and participatory activity, with individuals contributing fearlessly and vigorously. *2. It would have been good if the workshop had included more farmers, but the local Oblast and Raion officials have expressed their concern for the needs of farmers and rural residents. *3. The Workshop is firmly of the view that the 2nd ADB area development loan should be used to ensure that the benefits flow broadly to all residents of Southern Kyrgyzstan, without compromising attention to the specific needs of the poorest households. *4. The people of Southern Kyrgyzstan have many skills and have the capacity to draw on these to enable them to progress through self-help. However, the success of self-help can be boosted if the access that farmers and rural communities have to critical resources is enhanced through additional investments in affordable credit, strategic human resource development expenditures, and the creation by the public sector of legal and policy frameworks that enable individuals and groups to act in ways that are of benefit to all. *5. Additional affordable credit to fund productive income generation activities is a priority need in Jalalabad and Osh Oblasts. However, more credit is not enough. There is also a need to ensure that borrowers are able to repay their loans, by establishing a program of responsible borrowing to complement locally managed credit programs. Responsible borrowing will improve the probability that sustainable enterprise development investments will make the contribution to local community and rural development that it needs to do if development is to be broadly based and sustainable. *6. Improved productivity and training go hand-in-hand. However, the sort of training programs needed in Jalalabad and Osh Oblasts are those that respond to the needs of farmers. This means that there is a need for a thorough understanding of farmers’ problems. Fortunately there are programs in these two Oblasts, such as the RAS and TES Centre programs, that are in a strong position to provide this sort of training. Public

support to expand the outreach of such programs to an increasing number of farmers, male and female farmers alike, is warranted. *7. Women are a core source of strength in rural communities in Jalalabad and Osh. The importance of the gender component is such that gender must be integrated into all activities funded by the 2nd ADB area development program. *8. Technology transfer is critical to rural development. However, in Jalalabad and Osh technology transfer can be done most effectively, to the benefit of more individuals, if it is done through groups and cooperatives. There is a need to invest in group formation and the effective functioning of cooperatives to ensure that they are effective pathways for technology transfer. Farmer groups and cooperatives that achieve best practice and success in technology transfer need to used as examples to educate the community at large, using the media and other means of public education. *9. Rural development is best achieved if local communities, farmer groups and cooperatives act together with local officials. Togetherness and harmonious progress are features of good governance that are promoted if there is good communication between public officials and community members and groups. Provision needs to be made, therefore, for the governance structures of the PMU for adequate consultation and liaison mechanisms, consistent with transparent and accountable decision making and activity implementation procedures. *10. There is a need to review national and local legislation governing peoples’ involvement in free-market activities. Constraints to the pursuit of individual interests should be removed where these cannot be justified by regulations designed to protect the public good. These recommendations have been translated into Russian and will be distributed to each of you for consideration during your group work activity. Finally, we thank you for being here and trust that you will find the workshop a productive and constructive use of your valuable time. We are conscious that the recommendations that arise from the workshop are views that need to be taken seriously.

Appendix 7: RETA6176 Participation Workshop Participant Details Batkek, Jalalabad and Bishkek Workshop Participant Details and Analysis i. Batken, Jalalabad-Osh, Bishkek Participants by Number and Type: Summary Code Males Females Total C-Coop Member/Worker 2 - 2 D-Donor 10 6 5 E-Entrepreneur 7 3 1 N-NGO Staff 1 6 - O-Oblast Official 20 6 11 R-Rayon Official 26 5 13 T-Town Resident 1 - - V-Villager/Farmer 21 5 6 W-WUA Member/Worker 3 - 1 $-Banking/Finance/Micro-Credit 1 3 - Totals 92 34 126 ii. Batken Participants by Number and Type: Summary Code Males Females Total C-Coop Member/Worker 2 - 2 D-Donor 1 2 3 E-Entrepreneur 1 - 1 N-NGO Staff - - - O-Oblast Official 7 4 11 R-Rayon Official 11 2 13 T-Town Resident - - - V-Villager/Farmer 5 1 6 W-WUA Member/Worker 1 - 1 $-Banking/Finance/Micro-Credit - - - Batken Totals 28 9 37

Appendix 7 (cont.) iii. Jalalabad-Osh Participants by Number and Type: Summary Code Males Females Total C-Coop Member/Worker - - - D-Donor 2 - 2 E-Entrepreneur 4 3 7 N-NGO Staff - 4 4 O-Oblast Official 2 - 2 R-Rayon Official 15 3 18 T-Town Resident 1 - 1 V-Villager/Farmer 16 4 20 W-WUA Member/Worker 1 - 1 $-Banking/Finance/Micro-Credit - - - Jalalabad-Osh Totals 41 14 55 iv. Bishkek Participants by Number and Type: Summary Code Males Females Total C-Coop Member/Worker - - - D-Donor 7 4 11 E-Entrepreneur 2 - 2 N-NGO Staff 1 2 3 O-Oblast Official 11 2 13 R-Rayon Official - - - T-Town Resident - - - V-Villager/Farmer - - - W-WUA Member/Worker 1 - 1 $-Banking/Finance/Micro-Credit 1 3 4 Bishkek Totals 23 11 34

Appendix 7 (cont.) Batken Workshop Participants List of participants of the ADB workshop to be held at Batken Children’s Center Batken Participant List № п/п

Name Organization and job title

Representatives from the oblast, rayon administrations and village authorities

Batken Oblast Code 1 Akjol Madaliev First deputy governor of Batken oblast

O/M 2 Saliya Kaymanbetova Deputy governor

O/F 3 Jeenbek Keldibaev Deputy governor

O/M 4 Salizhan Khamrabaev Head of Economics, Finance and Business Support

Department under the Batken State Administration

O/M 5 Saitalim Ismanaliev Head of Agrarian Development Unit, Batken Oblast

Administration O/M

6 Tursunali Tolomushev Director of Agrarian Development Department, Batken Oblast Administration

O/M 7 Marapat Tashpolotova Senior expert of the Oblast department on family

and women’s issues O/F

8 Anipa Sultanova Specialist in Land Improvement department, Batken Oblast department of water resources

O/F 9 Gulumkan Kalykova Head of Batken department of social security

O/F 10 Nurbolot Madymarov Senior specialist, Investments and foreign economic

relations department O/M

11 Mirgul Joldoshova Donor coordination specialist, Batken oblast administration

D/F 12 Saydulla Naryrov RAS Regional manager for Batken

D/F

13 Jenish Shukurov WUA support unit in Batken oblast administration

O/M Batken Rayon 14 Seitmurat Kalykov Deputy head of Batken rayon administration

R/M 15 Mamlakat Salikhova Deputy head of Batken rayon administration

R/F 16 Bahal Aitabev Senior specialist, Batken rayon administration

R/M 17 Mamasaly Parmanov Senior engineer, Batken rayon department of

irrigation systems management unit R/M 18 Topchubay Kochkorov Head of Batken rayon technical inspection

department R/M 19 Akmyrza Tagaev Head of Karabak Village Management

V/M Kadamjay Rayon 20 Isa Gaparov Deputy director, Kadamjay rayon department for

agrarian development R/M

21 Aloodin Joldoshov Head of Kadamjay rayon department of irrigation systems management unit

R/M 22 Musabek Pattaev Head of Kadamjay rayon technical inspection

department R/M

23 Alchybay Toraliev Head of Akturpak village management R/M

Leylek Rayon 24 Dilbar Atanova Deputy head og Leylek rayon administration

R/F 25 Ysak Pazylov Director of Agrarian development department,

Leylek Rayon Administration R/M

26 Abdyrazak Usenov Head of Leylek rayon irrigation systems management unit

R/M 27 Akmatali Mamaraimov Head of Leylek rayon technical inspection

R/M 28 Turgunali Alibaev Head of Toguzbulak village management

V/M 29 Buusat Babaeva Executive secretary of Kulundu village management

Private sector and farmer representatives

Batken rayon 30 Avazkhan Chotbaev Head of farmers’ union SPK-Batken, Karabulak AO

f/M 31 Saadat Berdibaeva Accountant, WUA “Batken-Zardelik”, Dara AO

V/F 32 Abdirashit Khalmurzaev Manager, cooperative ‘’Mol Tushum”

C/M 33 Bolot Abdullaev Head of private enterprise «Zaman LTD»

E/M Kadamjay Rayon 34 Mirzalim Asrankulov Head of farm “Katran”

f/M 35 Srazh Daminov Head of farm «Srazh»

f/M Leylek Rayon 36 Turakulov Momunjan Head of private seed cooperative, Isfana City

Council C/M 37 Isamidin Mamatkulov Head of WUA “Isfana”

W/M

Appendix 7 (Cont.) Jalalabat Participant List. 1.J.Kurbanov. (O/M) - 1-deputy governor of Jalalabat 2. A.Ergeshev (D/M) - Jalalabat RAS 3. K.Musalimova (N/F) - head of Women Initiatives Center «Ayalzat» Alabuka Rayon 1. S.Akishov (R/M) - Director of agrarian development department 2. M.Jumanova (N/F) - NGO 4. A.Ryskulov (f/M) - farmer Aksy Rayon 1. K.Abdykhamitova.(E/F) - Head of Village Government «Ymanat». 2. A.Kurbanov. (R/M) - deputy head of rayon administration 3. K. Mavlyanov (f/M) - head of farm “Koshdobo” 4. N. Bazaraliev (E/M) - entrepreneur Bazarkorgon rayon 1. A.Palvanov (R/M) - 1st deputy head of rayon 2. A. Jolchieva (V/M) -Head of Village Government Beshikjon 3. K. Jaichieva (E/F) - entrepreneur 4. O. Kurbanova (f/M) - Head of Farm Nooken rayon 1. N. Jeenaliev (R/M) - deputy head of rayon administration 2. A. Suyarov (f/M) Head of Farm “Abdykamal” 3. A. Jamalov (f/M) - Head of Farm “Jamalata” 4. R. Karabekova (E/F) - entrepreneur 5. E. Орозбеков (E/M) - entrepreneur Suzak Rayon 1. A. Nazarov (R\/M) 1st deputy head of rayon. 2. T. Narybetova (N/F) - Head of NGO „AItoldu“ 3. M. Ennazarov (f/M) enterpreneur, farmer 5. N. Kudaiberdiev (f/M) farmer D. Toktogul rayon

1. T. Sagynbaev (R/M) 1st deputy head of rayon administration . 2. J. Kuramaev (f/M) - Head of Farm 3. T. Alimov (R/M) senior specialist of agricultural department Chatkal rayon

1. Talasbay Akmatbek (R/M) Head of Village Government 3. A. Saparbekov R/M) Head investment department 1. M. Muratbekova (R/F) lead specialist of Mailusuu City Office 2. A. Baimatova (R/F) lead specialist of investment department, Karakul town

Appendix 7 (Cont.) Osh 1. B. Burgoev (O/M) - Deputy governor, Osh oblast 2. U. Zairov (D/M) - RAS, Osh 3. M. Ergeshov (f/M) - President of vegitable growers Association, Aravan rayon 1. A. Abdylhamodov (R/M) - deputy head of rayon administration 2. Ахмедов (W/M) - Water Users Association “Sohidar” 3. I. Baikarimov (E/M) enterpreneur E. Karasu rayon

1. A. Mahamadov (R/M) 1st deputy head of rayon administration 2. Z. Joobekov (V/M) - Head of Village Government “Suvai” 3. A. Tokurov (f/M) - Head of Farm “Cholponai” 4. D. Bolirova (f/F) - Farmer 5. K. Kimsanov (f/M) - Head of farm “Janyaryk” F. Nookat rayon \

1. T. Joldoshev (R/M) Director of Agricultural department 2. M. Muratov (f/M) Farm “Belkairak” 3. I. Nematova (f/F) farmer, enterpenuer G. Uzgen rayon

1. C. Atazhanov (T/M) - глава Узгенской горуправы 2. Z. Bazarbaev (f/F) - Farmer, Uzgen town 3. E. Omuraliev (f/M) Farmer H. Karakuldja rayon

1. Kozubaev (R/M) 1st deputy rayon administration 2. A. Kadyrbekova (N/F) Enterprenuer, head of NGO 3. K. Kamchibekov. (R/M) Head of rayon water use department I. Akai rayon

1. N. Joluev (R/M) deputy rayon administration 2. A. Kalanbaev (f/M) - Farmer 3. S. Adaeva (f/F) - Farmer

4. E. Adyshev (f/E/M) - President of Association of farmers and enterprenuers 5. Omurzakova (R/F) - Village Government “Jomolu” List of Bishkek Workshop participants

Gender

Name FAMILY Organisation Title Code town

Code

1. Mr. John WHITTLE ADB Principle Project Economist

Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic

D

2. Mr. Ashraf MALIK ADB, Kyrgyz Resident Mission

Resident Rep. Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic

D

3. Mrs. Raisa Vasilevna

SIDORENKO ADB, Agriculture Area Development Project (AADP), Project Implementation Unit (PMU)

Co-Project Manager

Alamudun rayon Lebedinovka vill. KR

O

4. Mr. Kadyrbai KYSHTOBAEV

ADB, Agriculture Area Development Project (AADP), Project Implementation Unit (PMU)

Project Manager

Alamudun rayon Lebedinovka vill. KR

O

5. Mr. ALYMBEKOVA

MLSP Specialist Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic

O

6. Mr. Jeeinbek Jumabaevich

KELDIBAEV Batken oblast Administration

Deputy Head of Administration

c. Batken O

7. Mr Akjol MADALIEV BatkenOblast Administration

Deputy governor

Batken O

8. Mrs. Zamira ASAKEEVA KAFC Specialist Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic

$

9. Mrs Maria TANSHODJAEVA

KAFC Specialist Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic

$

10 Mrs. Nurbek IMAKEEV KR Community Development & Investment Agency ARIS

Manager Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic

O

11 Mr. Kachkynb KADYRKULO KSAP, RCS Coordinator Bishkek, $

ay V Kyrgyz Republic

12 Mr. Hakim ISLAMOV SIDA, Support to SEED sector Development in Kyrgyz Republic

coordinator Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic

D

13 Mr. Bolot BURGOEV Osh oblast administration

Deputy Head of Administration

c. Osh

O 14 Mr. Aidar ASAMIDINOV Osh oblast

Administration Director of Agricultural Department

c. Osh O

15 Mr. Niazmamat

BEKOV Jalalabad oblast Administration

Director of Agricultural Department

c. Jalalabad

O

16 Mr. Tursunaly Pirmatovich

TOLOMUSHOV

Batken oblast Administration

Director of Agricultural Department

с. Batken O

17 Mr. Amanjol ATAKANOV MAWRPI, Kyrgyz Research Irrigation Institute

Deputy Director

Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic

O

18 Mr. Rafik SHAIHUTDINOV

Department of Water Resources

Marketing Service Bureau

Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic

O

19 Mr. Jozef CUIJPERS ADB, Integrated Agricultural Management and Land Improvement Project

Team Leader Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic

D

20 Mrs. Syrga SALIEVA ADB, Integrated Agricultural Management and Land Improvement

Project CoTL

Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic

D

21 Mrs. Kunduz MASYLKANOVA

ADB, Integrated Agricultural Management and Land Improvement

Economist Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic

D

22 Mr. Abdimajit OSKOMBAEV

ADB, Agriculture Area Development Project (AADP), Project Implementation Unit (PMU)

Monitoring Specialist

O

23 Mr. Alisher KASYMOV AAK Regional Coordinator

Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic

E

24 Mrs. Aidai BAYALIEVA JICA Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic

D

25 Mrs. Ainagul NASYROVA TES-Center Manager Osh N 26 Mrs. Gulnaz COLSARIEV

A UNIFEM Gender

Specialist Jalalabat N

27 Mr. Chynybek

MAMYTOV TES-Center Osh N

28 Mr. Nurgazy MAMATALIEV

Winrok Int Osh W

29 Mr. Tahir AHMETOV ADB Co-facilitator Bishkek E 30 Mr. Hugh COULTER EC Food Security D 31 Mr. David BURTON EC Food Security D 32 Mr. Ravil TUHFATULLI

N MAWR PI Specialist Bishkek O

33 Mr Takana YOSHIHIRO JICA Head of Kyrgyz Office

Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic

D

34 Mrs. Ibarat KURBANOVA JICA Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic

D

Appendix 8 RETA6176-KYGR, Schedule of Activities in Kyrgyzstan, 7-23 February 2006 7 February 0730 hours Depart Torquay for Tullamarine Airport 1120 hours SQ238 to Singapore 1615 hours Arrive Singapore, Transfer to Beijing flight 1650 hours SQ822 to Beijing 2315 hours Arrive Beijing, Transfer to Air Astana to Almaty

8 February 0030 hours Air Astana 4L888 to Almaty 0430 hours Arrive Almaty Airport, Obtain Kazakstan visa, Meet Yuryi for Transfer to

Bishkek 0545 hours Regent Hotel, Almaty, Kyrgyz Visa

0830 hours Transfer, Regent Ankara Hotel, Almaty, to Kyrgyz Embassy, Almaty 1030 hours Almaty-Bishkek, 1300 hours ADB, KRM Bishkek Check in with Valeri Tian and Cholpon Kalygulova 9 February 0600 hours Draft Workshop Structure and Schedule documents for Batken, Jalalabad

and Bishkek 0800 hours Breakfast 0830 hours ADB, KRM Meet with Syrga Salieva, CTL SAADP TA Team 1000 hours Meet with Joep Cuipjers, TL SAADP TA Team 1130 hours Discussion with Tahir Ahmetov, proposed assistant to Syrga Salieva and

substitute Locally engaged Workshop Program Facilitator 1300 hours Debrief and status report with John Whittle 1330 hours Review Workshop budget with Tahir

1530 hours Meeting with Ashraf Malik 10 February 0500 hours Draft Notes for Case Study Presenters 1030 hours Meet with Tahir at Ministry of Agriculture 1045 hours Meet with Joep and Syrga to discuss/revise draft notes for case study

presenters 1400 hours Meeting at PMU, Raisa Sisolenko, Dinara Yumacanova, Alymkul

Koplozov and Aldimajit Oskonbaer to discussions revisions to Case Study 1630 hours ADB KRM to obtain Uzbeck visa, arrange tickets for Batken flights, obtain

stationary for Workshops 11 February 0600 hours Complete preparation of documentation for Workshop budget 1000 hours Taxi for transfer to Bishkek Airport 1050 hours Arrive Bishkek Airport 1215 hours QH77 to Batken Cancelled 1630 hours Divert to QH76 to Osh, 1730 hours Taxi to Crystal Hotel, Osh

12 February 0930 hours Kyrgyz Concept Mashutka to Batken 1630 hours Arrive Batken, drop people at their guesthouse billets 1730 hours Distribute per diems to Case Study presenters 1930 hours Dinner with Batken case study presenters Discussion of workshop goals, outcomes Workshop processes and task allocations 13 February 0800 hours Batken Workshop venue for registrations Distribution of Documentation Allocation to Workshop Groups Meet and Greet (Coffee and Tea supplied) 0915 hours Workshop welcome and Introductory Comments Presenters: Joe Remenyi/Tahir Ahmetov 0930 hours Workshop opening address Presenter: Oblast Deputy Governor Akjol Madaliev 0945 hours Background to IAM-LIP Presenter: Joe Remenyi 1000 hours Clarifying Questions and Comments 1015 hours Coffee and Discussion Break 1030 hours Case Study No. 1 Lessons from RAS-AADP interaction, 2000-2005 Presenters: Majit and Alymkul 1130 hours Clarifying Questions and Comments 1145 hours Break into four workgroups as assigned Questions to be considered by each group: Three key implications of the lessons learned from Case Study 1 How can these implications be incorporated into IAM-LIP? 1215 hours Workgroup reports to workshop plenary 1240 hours Reconciliation and priority setting of workgroup recommendations Presenter: Majit 1330 hours Lunch 1500 hours Case study No. 2 Rural Market Development by TES-AAK Presenters: Ainagul and Mansur 1545 hours Clarifying Questions and Comments 1600 hours Break into four workgroups as assigned Questions to be considered by each group: Three key implications of the lessons learned from Case Study 2 How can these implications be incorporated into the 2nd AADP? 1645 hours Workgroup reports to workshop plenary 1515 hours Reconciliation and priority setting of workgroup recommendations Presenter: Ainagul 1800 hours Break 1930 hours Workshop social function and dinner

14 February 0630 hours Review budget and documentation 0915 hours Depart Torstan’s for workshop venue 0930 hours Comments to Participants: Order of the Day Presenters: Tahir Ahmetov and Joe Remenyi Workshop Facilitator and Counterpart 0945 hours Case Study No. 3 Lessons from UNDP Poverty Program, Jalalabad 2000-2005 Presenter: Gulnaz Kolsarieva 1015 hours Clarifying Questions and Comments 1030 hours Coffee and Discussion Break 1045 hours Break into four workgroups as assigned Questions to be considered by each group: Three key implications of the lessons learned from Case Study 1 How can these implications be incorporated intoIAM-LIP? 1115 hours Workgroup reports to workshop plenary 1145 hours Reconciliation and priority setting of workgroup recommendations Presenter: Gulnaz 1230 hours Lunch 1400 hours Case study No. 4 Water User Associations in Batken Oblast Presenters: Almaz Raimberdiev and Shabdan Mamazhunusov 1430 hours Clarifying Questions and Comments 1445 hours Break into four workgroups as assigned Questions to be considered by each group: Three key implications of the lessons learned from Case Study 2 How can these implications be incorporated into the 2nd AADP? 1515 hours Workgroup reports to workshop plenary 1545 hours Reconciliation and priority setting of workgroup recommendations Presenter: Almaz Raimberdiev and Shabdan Mamazhunusov 1615 hours During the Coffee Break, the Team meets with local four elected local representatives to prepare a draft summary of recommendations from Batken for consideration by the workshop plenary. 1700 hours Final Report by Workshop Convener and Counterpart on Workshop Outcomes. 1715 hours Discussion and Revision of Workshop Summary Recommendations 1745 hours Final Workshop Vote on Summary Recommendations to be Reported to the Bishkek Workshop 1800 hours Workshop Debrief with Presenters and Organisers 2000 hours Meeting with Munabek and Tahir to finalise administration and financial details arising from the workshop 15 Feb 0900 hours Depart Batken for Jalalabad 1400 hours Arrive Osh Kyrgyzs Concept for Air Tickets from Osh-Bishkek on 18 Feb. 1500 hours Depart Osh for Jalalabad 1800 hours Arrive Jalalabad 2130 hours Check into Navruz Jalalabad Hotel

16 February 0800 hours Jalalabad Workshop venue for registrations Distribution of Documentation Allocation to Workshop Groups Reading Time Meet and Greet (Coffee and Tea supplied) 0915 hours Workshop welcome and Introductory Comments Presenters: Joe Remenyi/Tahir Ahmetov 0930 hours Workshop opening address Presenter: Oblast Governor Aidaraliev Iskanderbek Ryspekovich 0945 hours Background to IAM-LIP Presenter: Joep Cuijpers, TL SAADP 1000 hours Clarifying Questions and Comments 1015 hours Coffee and Discussion Break 1030 hours Case Study No. 1 Lessons from RAS-AADP interaction, 2000-2005 Presenters: Majit and Alymkul 1130 hours Clarifying Questions and Comments 1145 hours Break into four workgroups as assigned Questions to be considered by each group: Three key implications of the lessons learned from Case Study 1 How can these implications be incorporated into IAM-LIP? 1300 hours Lunch 1345 hours Workgroup reports to workshop plenary 1400 hours Reconciliation and priority setting of workgroup recommendations Presenter: Majit 1430 hours Case study No. 2 Rural Market Development by TES-AAK Presenters: Aziza Yuldasheva and Ilkin Khaliapov 1500 hours Clarifying Questions and Comments 1510 hours Break into four workgroups as assigned Questions to be considered by each group: Three key implications of the lessons learned from Case Study 2 How can these implications be incorporated into the 2nd AADP? 1630 hours Workgroup reports to workshop plenary 1515 hours Reconciliation and priority setting of workgroup recommendations Presenter: Aziza/Ilkin 1530 hours Break Workshop Team Debriefing 1830 hours Workshop dinner 17 February 0730 hours Prepare consultant documentation 0900 hours Opening of Day 2 of Jalalabad Workshop Comments to Participants: Order of the Day Presenters: Tahir Ahmetov and Joe Remenyi Workshop Facilitator and Counterpart

0930 hours Case Study No. 3 Lessons from UNDP Poverty Program, Jalalabad 2000-2005 Presenter: Gulnaz Kolsarieva 1015 hours Clarifying Questions and Comments 1030 hours Coffee and Discussion Break 1045 hours Break into four workgroups as assigned Questions to be considered by each group: Three key implications of the lessons learned from Case Study 3 How can these implications be incorporated intoIAM-LIP? 1115 hours Workgroup reports to workshop plenary 1145 hours Reconciliation and priority setting of workgroup recommendations Presenter: Gulnaz 1230 hours Lunch 1400 hours Case study No. 4 Water User Associations in Batken Oblast Presenters: Jumabekov, Turgunbek and Shabdan Mamazhunusov 1430 hours Clarifying Questions and Comments 1445 hours Break into four workgroups as assigned Questions to be considered by each group: Three key implications of the lessons learned from Case Study 3 How can these implications be incorporated into the 2nd AADP? 1515 hours Workgroup reports to workshop plenary 1545 hours Reconciliation and priority setting of workgroup recommendation Presenter: Jumabekov, Turgunbek 1600 hours During the Coffee Break, the Team meets with local four elected local representatives to prepare a draft summary of recommendations from Batken for consideration by the workshop plenary. 1630 hours Presentation by Workshop Convener and Counterpart on Workshop Recommendations for confirmation by Workshop participants. 1650 hours Meet with Janybek to finanlise accounting for Jalalabad-Osh workshop 1700 hours Depart Jalalabad for Osh 2030 hours Arrive Crystal Hotel, Osh

18 February 0915 hours Transcribe Jalalabad-Osh Summary of Workshop Recommendations 1145 hours Visit Osh Bazar with Tahir. 1430 hours Air Altin, (AH24) to Bishkek 1700 hours Arrive Bishkek Airport 19 February 1100 hours Draft introductory comments for Bishkek workshop 1300 hours Meet with John Whittle at Hyatt Hotel re recommendations from Batken

and Jalalabad, and his role in tomorrow’s workshop. 20 February 0830 hours Participant Registration, Workshop Materials distribution and Participant Group Allocation 0900 hours Workshop Goals and Welcome Message Presenters: John Whittle, Principal Project Economist, ADB (Syrga Salieva Co-Team Leader, IAM-LIP, Technical Assistance Team)

0915 hours Workshop opening address Presenter: M Ashraf Malik, ADB Krygyz Resident Mission Country Director Helping the poor under the IAM-LIP With ADB KRM Translator 0945 hours Joep Cuijpers, Team Leader, IAM-LIP Technical Assistance Design Team Current state of play in IAM-LIP: Key Stakeholders, Emerging Priorities With Syrga Salieva, Co-Team Leader, and Kunduz Masylkanova, Economist, IAM-LIP, Technical Assistance Team 1015 hours Joe Remenyi, Workshop Facilitator and ADB-RETA Team Leader Report to IAM-LIP Technical Assistance Design Team on Recommendations from the Batken and Jalalabad Workshops With Tahir Ahmatov, Co-Workshop Facilitator 1045 hours Clarifying Questions and Comments from the floor 1100 hours Coffee and Discussion Break 1115 hours Brief presentations from Case Study 1, 2,3 and 4 on key insights for participatory, pro-poor, gender sensitive and sustainable initiatives in the Chuy AADP 1330 hours Lunch 1430 hours Workshop Group Work: Negotiating The Emergence of Participation Principles and Priorities for IAM-LIP Workshop Participants break into groups as allocated at registration: -Each group to elect a spokesperson and a note taker. The group will then consider the following issues in light of feedback from the Batken and Jalalabad Workshops and the presentations made earlier in this Bishkek Workshop -Key Participation Goals for IAM-LIP? -Priority areas of investment in which participation is a core issue? -What needs to be done to ensure that IAM-LIP responds to farmer needs and market demands in a participatory manner? -How best can farmer group cooperation be facilitated? -Are there important gender considerations that need to be integrated into the design of participation in IAM-LIP? 1530 hours Workgroup reports to workshop plenary 1630 hours Reconciliation and priority setting of workgroup recommendations 1700 hours Break 1715 hours Presentation, discussion and editing by the workshop of Workshop Summary Recommendations 1745 hours Close and farewell 1815 hours Completion of financial administration for workshop participant per diems

etc. Closing Summary of Bishkek Workshop Recommendations

1900 hours Dinner with Case Study Presenters 21 February 1030 hours Travel to Kazahkstan Embassy for transit visa 1230 hours Ministry of Agriculture, Meeting with Syrga Salieva re accounting for

Bishkek Workshop 1500 hours Discussions with Joep, Kunduz and Syrga at SAADP Office 1515 hours John Whittle joins the discussions 1530 hours Read TA4438-KGZ Aide Memoire 1545 hours Workshop participant classifications by type and gender with Syrga 1615 hours Internet phone home to Kate 1645 hours Ainura Bekbolotova, ADB, KRM, remove WVA residual cash from safe. 1700 hours Kyrgyz Concept, Yulia Bondareva, to alter flight and tickets ex Almaty,

and Cholpon Kalygulova, Administrative Assistant, Kyrgyz Resident Mission, Asian Development Bank, to arrange driver to Almaty

1730 hours Kazhkstan Embassy Consulate for Kazhk transit visa 22 February 0900 hours SAADP Office 1100 hours Meeting with Mr Kubanychbek Kulov, Director Irrigation Institute, Bishkek 1430 hours Meeting with SAADP Design Team (Joep, Syrga, Kunduz and Aisulu) to

discuss follow-up ideas arising from RETA6176-KYR 23 February 0930 hours Debrief with Valery Tian, ADB KRM Project Officer 1000 hours Depart for Almaty 1430 hours Arrive Almaty Airport 1515 hours Check-in 4L887 to Beijing 2330 hours Arrive Beijing