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Build Your Own Quantum Computer for Fun and Profit!. Stephen Granade. Bits are 1s and 0s (i.e. base 2). 168421. 1. 0. 0. 1. 1. 1621. + +. = 19. Save Us, Gordon Moore!. Parallel Computation Takes More Space. Photo credit: pure_martin. Light Polarization States. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Build Your Own Quantum Computer for Fun and Profit!
Stephen Granade
Bits are 1s and 0s (i.e. base 2)
16 8 4 2 1
16 2 1 + + = 191 00 11
Save Us, Gordon Moore!
Parallel ComputationTakes More Space
Photo credit: pure_martin
Light Polarization States
Vertical light:
Horizontal light:
A mix:
2
1
2
1
Amplitudes
Square for probabilities: 2
1,
2
1
What’s Going On With The 3 Polarizers
Vertical polarizer:
Horizontal polarizer: nada
What’s Going On With The 3 Polarizers
Vertical polarizer:
45 degree polarizer:
Horizontal polarizer:
2
1
2
1
Bits Hold 1 NumberQubits Can Hold All Numbers!
111110
101100
011010
001000
81
101
3-Bit Number 3-Qubit Number
Superposition makesthis possible
Tangent: Entanglement Happens When One Qubit’s State Depends on
Another’s
11002
1 01002
1
Entangled Not Entangled
If you measure the firstqubit and it’s 0, you knowthe second qubit is 0 too.
They’re entangled!
If you measure the firstqubit and it’s 0, you don’tknow the second qubit.They’re independent!
You Can Add All Numbers At Once!
1001101
11010121003
11410301200
441
111001004
1
111001004
1
Classical Computer Quantum Computer
Public
It’s Just an Algorithm
Private
n
n
qped
qpn
qp
d
e
modencryptmsg
modmsgencrypt
11mod1
prime) largevery (,Choose
Turning Factoring into Period Finding
,mod,mod
,mod,mod43
2
nxnx
nxnx
If n has the factors p and q,then, if you pick a random x,the above sequence has aperiod that evenly dividesinto (p-1)(q-1)
Leonhard Euler
Shor’s Algorithm is Fast
3/1log2O n
3logO n
Classical factoring
Shor’s Algorithm
Grover’s Algorithm Finds Stuff QuicklySearches unsorted data
Photo credit: seanabrady
Number of items Approx. Speedup
100 10
1,000 32
10,000 100
100,000 316
1,000,000 1000
10,000,000 3162
100,000,000 10000
1,000,000,000 31623
Decoherence Smears Out States
dead2
1alive
2
1
dead
There are Lots of Ways to Make a Quantum Computer
PhotonsTrapped Ions
Optical Lattice
Liquid NMRSpintronics
7-Qubit Computer from IBM
15
3 5
Factored
2001. Chuang et. al.
First Qubyte from Innsbruck
Quantum Computer Onna Chip
Sadly I have no good pictures of the group or its research besides this graphic from the cover of Science
D-Wave…maybe