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D R . A N N N O S S E IR

Human Computer Interaction

Lectures

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Dr. Ann Nosseir

Lectures: Thursdays 9:00-11:00

Office hours: Thursdays 11:00-2:00 –Tuesdays 9:00-12:00

nosseir@hotmail.com

Room: Meeting Room

Third floor

Assessment

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50% Course Work Group Assignment (10%)

Individual Assignments (10%)

Group Project (30%)

50% Final Exam

Course Work

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Labs

Two assignments Individual assignment (Presentation)

Project Group Project (Report and Presentation)

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Reading List

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Designing Interactive Systems Benyon, Turner and Turner

User Interface Design and Evaluation Stone, Jarrett, Woodroffe and Minocha

Designing the User Interface, 4th Edition, Shneiderman and Plaisant

What is HCI?

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Human

Interaction

Computer

Human (the end-user or the others in the organisation)

Computer (hardware or software) e.g. phones, web sites and

washing machine controllers and increasingly in clothes, jewellery and buildings

Interaction (user “tells” the computer what (s)he wants and computer communicates results)

“When users interact with a computer system, they do so via a user interface (UI)” (Stone et al, p3)

Computer …Interactive Systems?

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http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/click_online/7649335.stm http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/click_online/8692721.stm http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/click_online/8966526.stm http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/click_online/buyers_guides/default.stm http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b72CvvMuD6Q http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bJF3LBREabk&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jj8gP5AEpqg http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CMvfkYbXDWw&feature=related

Interactive Systems?

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The term we use to describe the technologies that designers work with.

They are components, devices, products and software systems concerned with processing information.

They deal with the transmission, display, storage or transformation of information that people can perceive and that respond to people‟s actions

That includes such things as phones, web sites and washing machine controllers and increasingly clothes, jewellery and buildings!

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What is HCI?

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HCI is a discipline concerned with the design, evaluation and implementation of interactive computing systems for human use and with the study of major phenomena surrounding them.

What is HCI?

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“Human–computer interaction (HCI) is the study of how humans interact with computer systems. Many disciplines contribute to HCI, including computer science, psychology, ergonomics, engineering, and graphic design.

HCI is a broad term that covers all aspects of the way in which people interact with computers” (Stone et al, p3).

The User Interface

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All those parts of the system we come into contact with…

Physically we might interact with a device by pressing buttons or moving levers and the interactive device might respond by providing feedback through the pressure of the button or lever.

Perceptually the device displays things on a screen, or makes noises which we can see and hear.

Conceptually we interact with a device by trying to work out what it does and what we should be doing. The device provides messages and other displays which are designed to help us do this.

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Figure 1.6 Various user interfaces.

Sources: Horstmann Controls Ltd; Hewlett-Packard Ltd.

What are the User Interfaces Here?

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The User Interface

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Input some methods are needed to enter commands (tell the

system what we want it to do)

We also need to be able to navigate through the commands and the content of the system

We need to enter data or other content into the system

Output So the system can tell us what is happening - provide

feedback

So the system can display the content to us.

Why We Care?

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There is a growing need for a good UI design for systems such as life-critical systems

industrial and commercial systems

Office, home, and entertainment applications

Why We Care?

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Some of these systems cannot afford errors and others require a speed to execute a number of transactions. A good UI design can play a role in reducing errors and increasing speed of performance, and as a result, will reduce training costs and increase users‟ satisfaction. A bad UI is costly, inefficient, frustrating, and, dangerous. (see Shneiderman and Plaisant).

What is “Bad” or “Good”?

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What is “Bad” or “Good”?

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The Bad…

What is “Bad” or “Good”?

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The Bad…

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What is “Bad” or “Good”?

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The Ugly…

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What is “Bad” or “Good”?

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The Good…

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What is “Bad” or “Good”?

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The Good…

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What is “Good,” “Ugly,” or “Bad” ?

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““good,” “ugly,” and “bad” terms are subjective terms. They have different meanings for different people and their use to rate various aspects of a user interface will vary. You may have used the terms “good” or “bad” to describe,

for example, the colors used in an interface, the pictures on the icons, or how attractive or eye catching the interface was. These attributes describe the overall look or aesthetics of the UI.

Our real concern is whether a user interface is good, bad, or poor in relation to its usability.” (Stone et al, p6)

What is Usability?

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“Usability is defined in Part 11 of the ISO 9241 standard (BSI, 1998) as “the extent to which a product can be used by specified users to achieve specified goals with effectiveness, efficiency and satisfaction in a specified context of use.”

Effectiveness is the accuracy and completeness with which specified users can achieve specified goals in particular environments.

Efficiency is defined as the resources expended in relation to the accuracy and completeness of the goals achieved.

Satisfaction is the comfort and acceptability of the work system to its users and other people affected by its use .” (Stone et al, p6)

So, Designers‟ Aim

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“Every designer wants to build high-quality interfaces that are admired by colleagues, celebrated by users and imitated frequently. Appreciation comes not from stylish advertising, but rather from inherent quality feature such as usability, universality, and usefulness” (Shneiderman

and Plaisant, p12).

“The aim is to develop a high quality interactive systems or products that fit people and their ways of living” (Benyon, Turner and Turner, p5).

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Key Concerns for Designers

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Design - how to do it?

Technologies - what can technology do? What content does something have?

People - who will use it, who will be affected by it?

Activities and contexts -what will people have to do in what circumstances?

What Designers Do?

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“It’s where you stand with a foot in two worlds —

the world of technology and the world of people

and human purposes—and you try to bring the two

together’”(Benyon, Turner and Turner).

People Technology

Design involves:

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Achieving goals within constraints and trade-off between these

Understanding the raw materials: computer and human

Accepting limitations of humans and of design

What is Design?

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The creative process of specifying something new and

The representations that are produced along the way

e.g site map, blueprints, sketches, etc.

It typically involves much iteration -

both problem and solution evolve during design

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Designing Interactive Systems

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…. is more than just designing the user interface …. is more than designing the input, output and content

It is about designing the whole human-computer interaction

It is about designing the human-human interaction that is often enabled through devices

It is about designing whole environments of interlinked devices and objects

Think of designing museum exhibits, or an amusement park

Or an airport, a hotel lobby or a shopping mall

Being Human-Centred

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We take a human-centred approach to designing interactive systems. That means…

thinking about what people want to do rather than just what the technology can do

designing new ways to connect people with people

involving people in the design process

designing for diversity

Why Being Human-Centredis Important?

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Safety

Is „human error‟ really often the fault of bad design?

Effectiveness

Human-centred design will result in better designs. They will make more money - especially with e-commerce

Ethics

Designs affect people‟s lives. Designers need to consider the

affect they are having

The Skills of the Interactive Systems Designer

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Knowing about people Sociology, anthropology, psychology, culture

Knowing about technologies Software, communications, materials, databases, etc.

Knowing about activities and contexts Communities of practice, information systems,

organizations, knowledge management

Knowing about design Fashion, interior, information design, architecture, product

design

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Figure 1.9 Disciplines contributing to interactive systems design

Disciplines Contributing to Interactive Systems Design

Summary

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Designing Interactive Systems is concerned with design systems for people, undertakingactivities in contexts using technologies

Designing Interactive Systems needs to be human-centred to ensure safe, effective and ethical systems are produced.

First Assignment

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Study three interactive systems and products from your surrounding that you use. Discuss with your group what you like and dislike about them and extract strengths and limitations of the products or the systems. Think about changes you can do to make the products or the systems easier to use and enjoyable. see challenges 1-1,1-2,1-3 Benyon et al

p.s. select different examples