Buddhism Ppt Notes

8/8/2019 Buddhism Ppt Notes

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BUDDHISM

Present by Mr.Thanes Oonsiri

Contents by Dr. Parker Wilson


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Location of Buddhism


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Buddhism World Status

Buddhism: 360 million

6% of world population

Fifth largest world religion

Christianity 32%

Islam 22%

Hinduism 15%

Secular/Non-religious 14%


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Buddhism

Origin

History Main Tenets

Worldview

Differences with Christianity


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Origin of Buddhism

Began in the 7th century BC

Buddha is a title signifying The

Enlightened One or The Awakened One Title given to Siddartha Gautama who was

born in 563 B.C.; died 483 B.C.

Biography of his life does not appear untilseveral hundred years later

His life was the last of 500 reincarnations


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Origin of Buddhism

Siddartha Gautama was born into a wealthy family,

some propitious signs accompanied his birth

Father protected him and groom him to be a king.

Father allows him to take a chariot ride but decrees allpoor and suffering be hidden however the gods assume

human form so he sees an old man near death, a man

disfigured by disease, a funeral procession of

decomposing body, and a monk who has renouncedthe world.

Decided to forsake his status and wealth and seek the

meaning of life at 30 years old Vedantic tradition.


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Origin of Buddhism

First quest for enlightenment

Under the mentoring of two Brahman hermits,

Alara and Uddaka They were unable to tell him how to put an end

to the cycle of rebirths

Second quest for enlightenment

Asceticism with five companions

Decided that self-mortification did not lead to

self-realization but only enfeebled body & mind


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Origin of Buddhism

Enlightenment obtained Devoted himself to the simple life of intense mental

discipline

After prolong meditation after seven years while

sitting under a fig tree received the answer to hisquest

Decides to share his way of enlightenment and beginsto preach

Converts five followers & family Legend has him ascend into heaven but died after

eating spoiled pork given as an offering

Buddhists would probably say that words cannot

truly describe Prince Gautamas enlightenment


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History of Buddhism

Collection of Teachings and Split

First council of followers shortly after his death

collected his teachings

Called Tripitaka, lit. meaning three baskets Second council (~ 380 B.C.)

Some argued for a greater role for the laity

Less strict discipline

Split between Theravada and Mahayana (~ 200 B.C.)


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History of Buddhism

Theravada Buddhism

Name derived from an expression meaning

tradition of the elders

Retained emphasis religion centered on monks Also called Hinayana (little raft) in distinction to

Mahayana

Height of Theravada was in 3rd century B.C.

Now mainly in Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia

Most other areas have Mahayana Buddhism

Mainly a religion for monks


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History of Buddhism

Theravada Monks (bikhus)

Only ones who can obtain nirvana

They the focus of religious practice

Laitys primary religious work is to support themonks

Ordination

Shave head and put on orange robes Vow to follow the Ten Precepts


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History of Buddhism

Theravada Monks Ten Precepts Not to take a life

Not to steal

Not to commit sexual immorality

Not to lie

Not to drink intoxicating beverages

Not to eat in excess or after noon

Not to attend entertainment, e.g. dancing, singing,drama

Not to decorate ones self or use cosmetics

Not to sleep in high or wide beds

Not to touch any gold or silver


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History of Buddhism

Theravada Monks Life Usually live in a monastery

Most of day in meditation

Object of meditation on the total impermanence of allexistence

Focus to avoid being distracted

Begging for food in the morning

When monk attains full realization he is an arhator holy man.

At death enters nirvana

Buddha is perfect in all his incarnations and arhat isnt


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History of Buddhism

Buddhas Twenty five Buddhas

All came to teach the same way of enlightenment

Idea emerged there is a Buddha in the final stages ofpreparation to come to earth.

Called Maitreya

A Bodhisattva i.e. Buddha-in-the-making

He will usher in a golden age of enlightenment for all


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History of Buddhism

Theravada Buddhism & theL

aity Secondary participants

Goal is to live a good life

Follow the first five of the ten precepts (special occasions

will follow eight) Store up merit (good karma) for a better incarnation

May even earns some time in heaven between incarnations

Universe consists of many levels and higher levels are states of blissworthy of pursuing but not nirvana

Recitation of Three Refuges I seek refuge in the Buddha

I seek refuge in the Dharma (duty as in following teachings)

I seek refuge in the sangha (order of bikhu or monks)

Care for the monks (bikhu)


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History of Buddhism


aity Three main obligations:

Recitation of Three Refuges

I seek refuge in the Buddha

I seek refuge in the Dharma (duty as in following teachings)

I seek refuge in the sangha (order of bikhu or monks)

Care for the monks (bikhu)

Food, material for clothing and other necessities

Care for the temples

Usually erected by lay peoples contributions

Statue of generous donor with monk robe place in temple

Traditionally, contribute by buying gold leafs to be added to

statue of Buddha


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History of Buddhism


aity Position of Buddha statue hands

Left hand open and on lap

Right hand direct to the earth

Calling on earth to witness to his Buddhahood andsteadfastness (other positions, e.g. teaching, protecting)

Folk religion

Laity deify Buddha and worship him

Knowledgeable Buddhist do not claim they worship him

Storing Merit

Can become a bikhu for a period of time

Rite of passage in puberty rites


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History of Buddhism

Mahayana Buddhism Means big raft because it accommodates large

number of people, monks and laity

Innovations Sunyata (void) is interpreted as absolute compassion,

Benevolent compassion is the ultimate motivating force of

Mahayana Buddhism

Multiplication of divine beings

Lotus Sutra and other scriptures

Other schools


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History of Buddhism

Mahayana Buddhisms Innovations Multiplication of divine beings

Multiple Buddhas and Bodhisattvas

Manushi Buddhas achieved enlightenment on earth

Died and in Nirvana so not accessible

Dhyani Buddhas attained enlightenment in heaven

Have not died and are accessible

I.e., Amithaba of the Pure Land School

Bodhisattvas many Buddhas-in-the-making In Mahayana mythology these are divine beings in heaven who

forgo entry into nirvana until the last soul is redeemed from hell

which is the lower levels of incarnation.

Available in heaven with much merit stored up to assist people in

need


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History of Buddhism

Mahayana Buddhisms Innovations Lotus Sutra and other scriptures

Proliferation of Mahayana writings

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otus Sutra has the highest stature Core teachings attributed to Gautama (Called Sakyamuni

[sage of the sakya clan] to differentiate him from other

Buddhas)

Sakyamuni was a manifestation of the true celestial

Buddha

All human beings have potential to reach Buddhahood

References to specific Buddhas and Bodhisattvas by name

Asserts that Hinayana is only for selfish uncaring people


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History of Buddhism

Mahayana Buddhisms Innovations Other schools

Tendai (rationalist)

Pure Land (compassionate)

Zen (intuitive

Nichiren (chanting)

Vajrayana (lamaist of Tibet)

Shingon (combination of Tendai and Vajrayana)

Ryobu (combination of Shinto and Shingon

See Winfried Corduans chart, p. 230


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History of Buddhism Other Schools of Mahayana Buddhism

Tendai (rationalist school)

Provide compromise between variations

Organized by Chinese monk, Chih-I

6th century A.D.

Teachings

Superiority ofLotus Sutra inspired scripture

Unity of reality all reality is equally a part of Buddhas

nature Reality is sunyatta and maya at the same time

Universal salvation all people will attain Buddhahood

Because all are a part of the same Buddha nature

Meditation to receive true insight into true reality


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History of Buddhism

Other Schools of Mahayana Buddhism Zen Origins

Arose in 6th century A.D. in response to Tendais

rationalist speculation

Claims its origin come from Gautama (as do they all)

Essence of it is enlightenment without words or

explination

Story of Buddha standing before his pupils waiting for him to

teach, one pupil, Mahakasyapa understood and smiled and justlooked at him.

Traditional founder is Bodhidharma, Indian monk that

emigrated to China a thousand years after Mahakasyapa

Cut off eyelids and meditated at wall for three years and hit on

head and then gained enlightenment


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History of Buddhism

Other Schools of Mahayana Buddhism Zen Schools

Two major schools in Japan, Master Soto & Master Rinzai

Soto saw enlightenment gain gradually

Rinzai saw a lengthy preparation time then gained abruptly

All Zen schools

Clear ones mind of conceptual clutter that impedes insight

D. T. Suzuki summary of Zen Special transmission outside of scriptures

No dependence on words or letters

Direct pointing to the soul of man

Seeing ones nature & attainment of Buddhahood


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History of Buddhism

Other Schools of Mahayana Buddhism Zen Scriptures and experience

Platform Sutra not considered authoritative nor source of

belief

Zen knowledge only transmitted from master to pupil andhe can only direct him to see what he can see

Enlightenment referred to as satori

Satori is when a person has direct, unmediated insight into

the self, the world and truth (Corduan, 233).


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History of Buddhism

Other Schools of Mahayana Buddhism Four ways to satori

Zazen meditation cross-legged, straight back, focus on

thought provided by master

Mondos stories of past great Zen masters and how theyreceived enlightenment so pupil can learn how he may gain

enlightenment

Koans conundrumsriddles without answers (they

supposedly carry the answer in them after one stopsthinking analytically)

What is the sound of one hand clapping?

Does a dog have Buddha nature?

How crooked is straight?

Cultural activities such as art, martial arts, haiku poetry


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History of Buddhism

Other Schools of Mahayana Buddhism Nichiren Shoshu (Soka Gakkai)

Founded by Japanese monk Nichiren from Tendai school

13th century

Determined all other traditions wrong

Return to Sakyamuni and true Buddhist teaching

Nichiren was persecuted and about to be executed but a

natural disaster free him, good omen so gather disciples

Split into many sub-schools


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History of Buddhism

Other Schools of Mahayana Buddhism Soka Gakkai

Nichiren Shoshu means the true Nichiren

Revived in 1930s in Japan as Soka Gakkai society for

the creation of values

Most popular after Pure Land Buddhism


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History of Buddhism

Other Schools of Mahayana Buddhism Soka Gakkai Teachings

Enlightenment available to everyone regardless of

previous incarnations and current status and can be

achieved in just a few years

Ten states of life must be traveled from lowest to highest

Persons state at death determines his karma and thus his

next incarnation

Those who attain Buddhahood finish incarnations


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History of Buddhism

Other Schools of Mahayana Buddhism Vajrayana (Tibetan Buddhism)

Means diamond vehicle

Considered the third division of Buddhism

Also known as Lamaism

Sublime philosophy and meditation

Folk more concerned with magical practices to control evil spirits


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History of Buddhism


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Tenets of Buddhism

Relationship to Hinduism

Gods have no place in teachings and are

themselves in need of enlightenment

Accepted samsara, karma, and ultimate

(though the later is different)

Some Hindu schools hold the atheistic view of

Brahman

Eliminated the caste system and the Vedas as

authoritative

This is what was against orthodox Hinduism


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Tenets of Buddhism

Four Truths

1. Truth of suffering all forms of existence are

subject to physical and mental suffering

2. The cause of suffering is desire desire for

possession and selfish enjoyment of every

kind, particularly the desire for separate,

individual, existence.

3. Suffering ceases when selfish desires are

denounced and ceases

4. The eightfold path leads to enlightenment


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Tenets of Buddhism

The Eightfold Path

Right Views

Right Desires

Right Speech

Right Conduct

Right Mode of Livelihood

Right Effort

Right Awareness

Right Meditation


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The Eightfold Path

The Right Views

This involves acceptance of the four truths and

a resolute rejection of unworthy attitudes and

acts, such as covetousness, lying and gossip.


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The Eightfold Path

Right Desires

The thoughts are to be free from lust, from ill-

will, and from cruelty. Free from desire from

selfish possessions. Desire for achieving

highest ends.


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The Eightfold Path

Right Speech

Ones speech should be plain and truthful,

abhorring lying, tale-bearing, and harsh or

vain talk. Words must be gentle, soothing to

the ear, penetrating to the heart, useful, rightly

timed, and according to the facts.


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The Eightfold Path

Right Mode ofLivelihood

This path requires harming no one and being

free from luxury. Each must take up work

which will give scope to his abilities and make

him useful to his fellow men.


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The Eightfold Path

Right Awareness

Four fundamentals of awareness:

Contemplation of the transitory nature andloathsomeness of the body

Contemplation of the feelings of oneself and

others

Contemplation of the mind

Contemplation of phenomena


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Tenets of Buddhism

Main purpose of Buddhism Escape from suffering

Escape from cycle of rebirth

Reach Nirvana cease to exist or realize ones self-extinctedness; Nirvana (lit. blown out unconditional

state of liberation, release from the cycle of rebirth-redeathdetermined by karma

No ultimate reality (Brahman) behind illusion butnothingness (sunyata the void).

NoAtman (No soul in people) Karma in Buddhism the actions of body or mind

which produce a fixed consequence for the presentlife or the future life.


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Buddhist Shrine

A1 Body of Buddha A2 Sacred Text

A3 Stupa mind of Buddha

B1 Drinking water

B2 Feet washing water

B3 Rice & Flowers

B4 Rice & Incense

B5 Butter lamp or Candle B6 Scented water to annoint

B7 Rice and Food

B8 Conch Shell - Ting-shag


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Important Terms

Karma Cause and effect (what you sow iswhat you reap); good deeds do not cancelout evil deeds

Impermanence everything changes andgoes through cycle of birth, growth, decay,and death. No such thing as death. Theworld of phenomena, the very universeitself, has a purely relative existence, andthis lack of absolute reality, applies to theindividuals self. There is nothing eternalor immortal inside a mans body.


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Important Terms

Gautama refused to answer about theexistence after death. There is, disciples, acondition, where there is neither earth norwater, neither air nor light, neither limitless

space, nor limitless time, neither any kind ofbeing, neither ideation nor non-ideation,neither this world nor that world. There isneither arising nor passing-away, nor dying,

neither cause nor effect, neither change norstanding-still. (Sacred Books of the Buddhists, Vol.II, 54)


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Christianity & Buddhism

Both seek enlightenment

Both empathize with suffering

Individuals are of value

Committed relationships

Emphasis on living live and loving

Moderation

Value of life


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The Buddha (cont):

Four Noble Truths:

The Truth of the Existence of Suffering

Three Types

Universal Suffering

The Truth of the Cause of Suffering

Three Poisons

The Truth of the Cessation of Suffering

The end of suffering is a possibility

The Path to the Cessation of Suffering

Noble eight fold path


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2ndNoble Truth

The Truth of the

Cause of Suffering: The Three Poisons:

Ignorance

Attachment

Anger


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Poison 1: Ignorance of Self

Western Perspective: Eternalism

Aristotle / Descartes / Newton:

I is eternal / permanent

I is independent

I is inherent

God (the creator) exists

The soul


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Poison 2 and 3: Attachment and Anger

Ignorance, attachment and anger In Buddhist psychology the trio of misapprehension/ignorance,

attachment/craving and anger/hatred are linked in a causal chain.

Anger ultimately arises from attachment to the people, places, andthings of our lives. Attachment is a superimposition of exaggerated

good (or bad) qualities onto people, places and things that do notinherently possess such qualities (Dalai Lama, 1997; Chodron,2001a; Chodron, 2001b):

New car

New job

New mate, etc


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Buddhism: Three Poisons

Buddhist Understanding of Anger (cont): Existential frustration then becomes the fertile ground for the

cultivation of anger (Dalai Lama, 1997).

Old car gets a flat and is relabeled piece of crap. Perhaps we curseat and kick the car.

The grind is forced to freeze raises in our salary and is relabeled aprison. Perhaps we feel entitled and justified in committing a hostileact like stealing office supplies.

The ball and chain is irritable one day and is relabeled the bitchor the inconsiderate asshole. Perhaps a heated and destructiveargument later takes place. Perhaps this argument (and several morelike it) is then used to justify an infidelity.


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2nd Noble Truth (cont):

The three poisons lead to negative Karma

Karma: the idea that all actions of body, speech and mind havespiritual consequences they leave imprints

Old Testament: to lust in ones heart for another mans wife is to havecommitted adultery

Karma is the ultimate spiritual responsibility Causes and conditions

Karma can be manifested or purified

Reincarnation

No God / no judgment

No permanent hell

No savior


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4th Noble Truth

The eight fold path to the cessation of suffering:

Right view

Right intention

Right speech

Right action

Right livelihood

Right effort

Right mindfulness

Right concentration


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4th Noble Truth

The eight fold path to the cessation ofsuffering:

Two paths for the development of wisdom:

Right view (to become deeply and profoundly awareof the four noble truths; interdependence andemptiness)

Right intention (to become deeply committed to anethical life such that every action of body, speech

and mind is motivated by insight, kindness andcompassion)


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4th Noble Truth

The eight fold path to the cessation of suffering:

Three paths for mental development:

Right effort (this is mental energy to be aggressive and angry takes effort

and similarly to be compassionate and kind takes effort)

Right mindfulness (here the mind is anchored in clear perceptions without

being carried away by dualistic concepts like judgment and opinion e.g.,

the table)

Right concentration (this is a single point of focus, the ability to focus themind in its entirety on a single object of meditation and thereby create and

sustain penetrative insight and realization; this path is specifically

associated with the practice of meditation)


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Emptiness

Emptiness is THE foundational Buddhist psychological concept:

All things exist interdependently (not independently)

All things exist in a context (not as stand alone objects) All things exist temporarily (not permanently or eternally)

Ex. The train and the tea

Ex. A coffee table

Three Nature Theory:

Imputed Dependent

Consummate

The first two actually construct reality. Ex. Halle Berry

The last is the empty nature of all phenomena and objects

All things exist as a result of what we have thought -Buddha


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Emptiness of Self

...meditation on emptiness begins with gaining a sense of the inherent

existence of which phenomena are empty, for without understanding what

is negated, you cannot understand its absence, emptiness...Through

carefully watching how you conceive your self, or I, to be inherently

established, you will determine that the I appears to be self-instituting

without depending on the collection of the mental and physical aggregates,

which are its basis of designation, or without depending on any of them

individually, even though the I appears with those aggregates. Proper

identification of this appearance is the first essential toward realizing

selflessness--ascertaining the object of negation.

--from Yoga Tantra: Paths to Magical Featsby H.H. the Dalai Lama


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Emptiness of Self

The self postulated by the extremists, When you

thoroughly analyze it with reasoning, Within all the

aggregates [of body and mind], Nowhere can you find alocus for this. Nagarjuna (2nd Century), A

Commentary on the Awakening Mind

No known neural correlates for self

No known neural correlates for consciousness Underlying all mental affliction is our belief in our

identity our permanent, eternal, independent selfhood.

To release our grasp on this belief is to move towards

mental health, peace and happiness.

Com lete enli htenment i the union of method


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Ethics

Why are ethics necessary for mankind

What is the relationship between civilization and ethics?

What is the primary ethic of both medicine and

psychology? Why are ethics necessary for psychotherapy?

What is the relationship between successful psychotherapy

and solid professional ethics?


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Ethics

Religious Ethics:

Judeo-Christian Tradition:

Seven Deadly Sins:

Envy

Gluttony Greed

Lust

Pride

Sloth

Wrath


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Ethics

Buddhisms Ten Destructive Behaviors:

1. Taking life

2. Taking what has not been given

3. Inappropriate sexual activity

4. Lying5. Speaking divisively

6. Using harsh language

7. Speaking idle words

8. Thinking covetous thought

9. Thinking thoughts of malice

10. Distorted, antagonistic thinking

Body

Speech

Mind


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Ethics

Religious Ethics: All Major World

Religions Agree:

Killing

Stealing

Lying

Sexual misconduct

Intoxicants


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Ethics

The Eight Mundane Concerns:

Most humans spend their lives chasing the left

and avoiding the right:

Praise / Blame

Gain / Loss

Approval / Disapproval

Pleasurable stimuli / Unpleasant stimuli


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The Six Realms of Existence

The Hell Realm (sociopaths, AIDS babies)

The Hungry Ghost Realm (alcoholics, junkies, anorexics)

The Animal Realm (Psychopaths, gang bangers)

The Human Realm The Demi-God Realm (B-List celebrities, wealthy

hedonists, millionaires)

The God Realm (A List celebrities, billionaires)


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Mindfulness

Shamatha (also known as calm abiding and single

point of focus)

Settling the Body in its natural state

Object of meditation: Tactile sensations of the body Settling the Speech in its natural state

Object of meditation: Abdominal sensations of respiration

Object of meditation: Sensations of respiration at the

apertures of the nostrils

Settling the Mind in its natural state

Object of meditation: The space of the mind itself


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Start Session 2


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What Is Mind?

Traditional Greek Senses:

Sight, Sound, Taste, Touch and Smell

Traditional Buddhist Senses: Sight, Sound, Taste, Touch, Smell and MIND

What is Mind? Mind, in a gross yet practical sense, isthat which experiences mental phenomena

What would be left if you were suspended in a sensory

deprivation tank? That is mind.


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What Is Mind?

Greek and European Philosophical Understanding (cont):

Scientific materialism: the tendency to reify science as the only valid

mode of inquiry for obtaining information about reality.

Exemplifying Scientific Materialism, Alfred Ayer in his 1936 treatise

Language, Truth and Logic: We conclude, therefore, that the argument from religious experience

is altogether fallacious. The fact that people have religious

experiences is interesting from the psychological point of view, but

it does not in any way imply that there is such a thing as religious

knowledge, any more than our having moral experiences implies that

there is such a thing as moral knowledge. The theist, like themoralist, may believe that his experiences are cognitive experiences,

but, unless he can formulate his "knowledge" in propositions that are

empirically verifiable, we may be sure that he is deceiving himself.


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h i


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What Is Emotion?

Greek and European Philosophical Understanding (cont):

The death of introspection around the turn of the 20th century

James and Freud v. Skinner

As Plutchik (2000) states inEmotions in the Practice ofPsychotherapy:

Behaviorists held the view that the only truly reliable objective

information obtainable about living creatures was information about

their behavior (and preferably simple behavior). This attitude lead to

a preoccupation with conditioned responses; emotions, on the other

hand, were considered to be inner states that could not be reliably

observed and were therefore outside the realm of scientific

psychology. (p 40)


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Wh I Mi d?


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What Is Mind?

Modern Psychological Understanding:

Is it possible to understand mental phenomena from the

inside out? The contemplative traditions of the world say

that it is possible

The modern, scientific endeavor is to understand mental

phenomena from the outside in (PET, CAT, MRI. Etc)

Modern science / empiricism is not qualified to define, explain or

predict mental phenomena

If three core tenets of any science are systematization,quantification and reproducibility then on some level could

meditation (the methods of working with mental

phenomena) be considered a valid science of the mind?

Wh I E i ?


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What Is Emotion?

Five Core Psychological Perspectives:

The evolutionary tradition: Charles Darwin

The Psycho-physiological tradition: William James

and the behavior/body before mind argument. The Neurological tradition: Cannons sham rage

in the hypothalamus of cats.

The Psychodynamic tradition: id, repression and

subconscious. The Cognitive tradition: emotions and our

reactions to them become habituated


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Wh t I E ti ?


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What Is Emotion?

The Psycho-physiological Tradition : The psychophysiological tradition is most identified with the work of the

Harvard psychologist-philosopher William James.

Twelve years after Darwin published his work on emotion, James (1884)published an article that founded a second theory of emotion, one primarilyconcerned with the sequence of events in emotional experience.

James asked the question: which comes first, emotion or behavior? In essence,does the fact that we run away from a predator cause the emotional experienceof fear or does the emotional experience of fear cause the behavior of runningaway from the predator?

James himself came down firmly on the side of behavior before emotion. AsJames (1890) stated, common sense says we lose our fortune, are sorry andweep; [My] hypothesis is that we feel sorry because we cry, angry becausewe strike, afraid because we tremble. (p. 1066). In an attempt to prove ordisprove James hypothesis, a tremendous amount of research has beenconducted over the last century. While inconclusive about James hypothesis,this research, has produced significant advances in our understanding ofautonomic physiology, arousal, lie detection and other areas (Plutchik, 2000).

Wh t I E ti ?


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What Is Emotion?

The Neurological Tradition : Walter Cannon, another Harvard professor, conducted medical research

on domestic cats and discovered that the hypothalamus was theneurological seat of emotion

A few years after James death, Cannon (1929) removed certain parts

of the brain in cats and discovered that he could create a sham ragethat would last between two and three hours.

In essence, Cannon discovered that there are neural correlates foremotion.

Based on these results, Cannon directly challenged James stricthypothesis of behavior before emotion.

His work also inspired related research that set the basis for advancedneurological research along with the psychopharmacological treatmentof mental disorders (Plutchik, 2000).

Wh t I E ti ?


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What Is Emotion?

The Psychodynamic Tradition : Working on the condition called hysteria, Freud and Breuer (1895/1936)

published Studies on Hysteria, which described a new theory about the genesisof psychiatric illness.

Within this larger topic, the book also set the stage for a new theory of emotion(Plutchik, 2000).

Although Freud initially utilized hypnosis as a treatment method he laterdeveloped free association as the primary means by which patients would makeconscious repressed memories and emotions.

The point of therapy was thereby transformed from abreaction to a processwhere unconscious motivations were brought into conscious awareness andreplaced with volitional judgments (very Buddhist ).

Over the course of decades Freud developed a complex theory of neuroses that

had within it (as an implicit part) a theory of emotion. This implicit theory proposed an extremely complex interaction of drives,developmental stages, conflicts and personality developments.

Even today, an agreed upon theory of emotion does not exist in the variousbranches of psychoanalysis.


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W ki ith E ti


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Working with Emotion

Western Perspective:

Rogerian unconditional positive regard teaching self compassion as a means of generating compassion for

others

Cognitive psychology and the union of perception and personalreality

Buddhist psychology would agree

Kohut and Self psychology Creating a better house

Cognitive behavioral therapy as a way to make practical thesalubrious effects of psychotherapy

Criticisms of insight and supportive therapy

CBTs limited efficacy with addiction, high risk youths anddomestic violence

CBT and anger management low efficacy


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W ki ith Em ti ( t):


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Working with Emotion (cont):

Buddhist Meditations presented in this class: Shamatha (also known as calm abiding and single point

of focus) Settling the Body in its natural state

Settling the Speech in its natural state

Settling the Mind in its natural state

Shamatha without a Sign

The Nature of Suffering

Friend, Foe and Stranger

TongL

en Loving Kindness and interdependence (Metta)

What Is Meditation?


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What Is Meditation?

Meditation is slowing down

Meditation is learning to stay

Meditation is becoming educated aboutyour hooks, your limits, and your

exit doors.

Shamatha cultivates three things:relaxation of body and mind, mental

stabilization (concentration), and

mental vividness


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What Are Your Exits Doors?


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What Are Your Exits Doors?

Feeling overwhelmed

with: anger, irritation,

frustration, anxiety, fear,

sadness, mourning,depression, grief, shock,

etc

Numb Out (drugs,

alcohol, food, sex, TV,

Xbox, etc)

Anger / Aggression (weyell, condemn and put others

down, quietly intimidate,

threaten, passive-aggressive

manipulation, assault, etc)

Materialism / We Crave and

Seek (retail therapy,

buying bigger and better

things, splurging)

Exit Door #3

Exit Door #2

Exit Door #1

Mind Training


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Mind Training

From the Buddhist perspective one

must simultaneously: Decrease the grip of the three poisons by

meditating on their essential nature AND

Meditate on the benefits of loving kindness

and compassion thereby naturally increasing

their presence in your mind

In essence, Buddhist meditation seek toeliminate negative emotions while

simultaneously replacing them with

positive emotions

Seven Points of Mind Training


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Seven Points of Mind Training

From the Buddhist perspective one

must simultaneously: Decrease the grip of the three poisons by

meditating on their essential nature AND

Meditate on the benefits of loving kindness

and compassion thereby naturally increasing

their presence in your mind

In essence, Buddhist meditation seek toeliminate negative emotions while

simultaneously replacing them with

Documents

Buddhism Ppt Notes