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BUDDHISMBUDDHISM
FoundationFoundation
Founded in India by Founded in India by Siddhartha Gautama Siddhartha Gautama (the Buddha) in the (the Buddha) in the 500s bce. 500s bce. It initially challenged It initially challenged the power of the power of priestspriests as well as elements as well as elements of of castecaste and and gendergender structures in Hindu structures in Hindu India.India.
GODS?GODS?
In some forms of In some forms of Buddhism, there was Buddhism, there was neither a rejection of neither a rejection of gods nor a use of gods.gods nor a use of gods.
In other forms of In other forms of Buddhism, Buddhism, Bodhisattvas Bodhisattvas (enlightened ones) (enlightened ones) were revered as saints.were revered as saints.
Knowledge and disciplineKnowledge and discipline
Middle path of moderation (knowledge).Middle path of moderation (knowledge).
life is sufferinglife is suffering
suffering is from desiresuffering is from desire
the solution of suffering lies in ending the solution of suffering lies in ending desiredesire
desire can be lessened by following the desire can be lessened by following the eightfold path – actions and thoughts eightfold path – actions and thoughts toward perfectiontoward perfection
Ultimate GoalUltimate Goal
breaking the breaking the cycle of cycle of reincarnations reincarnations and achieving and achieving NirvanaNirvana
Sacred Texts includeSacred Texts include
Tripitaka & Sutras- collection of the Tripitaka & Sutras- collection of the Buddha’s teaching, commentaries on Buddha’s teaching, commentaries on his teaching , & rules for monastic lifehis teaching , & rules for monastic life
Spread & ChangeSpread & ChangeMonastic groups Monastic groups developed as developed as Buddhism spread.Buddhism spread.
Bodhisattvas were Bodhisattvas were revered as saints revered as saints (almost god-like).(almost god-like).
Statues and pictures Statues and pictures of the bodhisattvas of the bodhisattvas were produced.were produced.
Spread & Change in the Spread & Change in the classical period.classical period.
A “split” in BuddhismA “split” in Buddhism
MahayanaMahayana Buddhism –emphasis on Buddhism –emphasis on divinity of the Buddha and other saints divinity of the Buddha and other saints as it spread into East and SE Asia. as it spread into East and SE Asia. Later split included Later split included Vajrayana Vajrayana Buddhism.Buddhism.
TheravadaTheravada Buddhism – “older” form of Buddhism – “older” form of Buddhism retaining its earlier Indian Buddhism retaining its earlier Indian influence.influence.
Spread & Change in the Spread & Change in the Classical PeriodClassical Period
Buddhist groups gained political Buddhist groups gained political and economic power in some and economic power in some regions gaining great influence.regions gaining great influence.
Spread & ChangeSpread & Change
Buddhism at times challenged the use Buddhism at times challenged the use of violence, religious intolerance, rigid of violence, religious intolerance, rigid social classes, and gender roles.social classes, and gender roles.