BUAD 370: LeadershipLindsay Willson

Liaison Librarian for Business Administrationlwillson@okanagan.bc.ca

Objectives

• Creating a research strategy• Library resources and tips• APA citation tips

Research strategy

• Define your assignment• Focus your research• Develop your keywords• Identify your resources 2

Tip: planning and following a strategy saves you time and

frustration

Define your assignment

• Describe the assignment in your own words

• Understand all aspects

Focus your researchWho?– Business/corporate leaders– Geography (Canada, U.S.A., etc.)

What?– Activities and

accomplishments– Traits, characteristics, style– Specific incidents– Leadership theories

Develop your keywordsBarack Obama• Barack Hussein Obama II; Barack H. Obama; B.H.

Obama• President; President of the United States;

President Obama

Tip: Library resources (databases, indexes, catalogue) often treat a name as a subject heading. Click on the heading to run a new and specific search.

Develop your keywords

Tip: databases only search the words you give them; using a variety of keywords can

give you more results

• leadership, traits, characteristics, style• Great Man, Trait theory (optimism and self-

confidence; honesty and integrity)

Identify your resources

• Library resources– Databases: Articles– Catalogue: books and more– Reference: encyclopedias

• Websites– Government, online newspapers,

magazines

Library Guides• BUAD 370 LibGuide– Provides quality resources, and a

starting point for research– How to find biographies, encyclopedia

entries, books, articles on your leader

APA Citations

(Basic rules, plus a few advanced tips)

Why do we cite?• Citations demonstrate how you

developed your argument and ideas from the ideas of others

• Citations give credit where credit is due• Citations give the reader of your work a

path to the sources you used, so they can investigate those sources if interested

(Mohanty et al., 2009)

Why do we cite?• If you don’t acknowledge other people’s

work, words or ideas you commit plagiarism

“Penalties for plagiarism serve both to educate students about standards of scholarship and to deter deception and poor scholarly practices. Penalties will reflect the seriousness of the offence; including whether the offence was intentional or unintentional and whether it was a first or a repeat offence” (Okanagan College, 2010, Penalties section, para. 1 ).

Okanagan College Academic Offenses regulations and policies

What do we cite? Direct quotes Paraphrases Words or terminology specific to or unique to the author’s

research, theories, or ideas Use of an author's argument or line of thinking Historical, statistical, or scientific facts Graphs, drawings, etc. Articles or studies you refer to in your work

(Mohanty et al., 2009)

How do we cite?Two Places:

In text citations: citations given in the body of the article, essay, paper, or assignment.

- Gives credit- Points to full reference in reference list- Author and date, plus page numbers if direct quote

Reference list citations: at the end of your paper/report

- Provides all the information needed for your reader to identify and retrieve each source

- Complete citation information (author, date, title, publication/retrieval info)

From article by Xie and Peng (2009):

In marketing literature, for example, Morgan and Hunt (1994) regard trust as a prerequisite and a central factor for successful relationship marketing. Trust has been defined both in connotative and evaluative terms, such as “a willingness to rely on an exchange partner in whom one has confidence” (Moorman, Zaltman, & Deshpande, 1992, p. 315).

ReferencesMoorman, C., Zaltman, G., & Deshpande, R. (1992). Relationships between providers

and users of market research: The dynamics of trust within and between organizations. Journal of Marketing Research, 29, 314–328.

Morgan, R. M., & Hunt, S. D. (1994). The commitment-trust theory of relationship marketing. Journal of Marketing, 58(3), 20–38.

How do we cite?

Building CitationsBasic Format:

Who? AuthorWhen? DateWhat? TitleWhere? Publication or retrieval information

Building Citations

Basic format (reference list):

Who. (When). What. Where.

How do we cite?

In text: “When a work has two authors, cite both names, every time the reference occurs in text. When a work has three, four, or five authors, cite all authors the first time the reference occurs; in subsequent citations, include only the surname of the first author followed by et al. …. and the year if it is the first citation of the reference within a paragraph” (APA, 2009, p. 175).

In text: Journal article retrieved online Some APA rules to note

How do we cite?

•“Provide the DOI, if one has been assigned to the content” (APA, 2009, p. 191). •What’s a DOI?•“When a DOI is used, no further retrieval information is

needed to identify or locate the content” (APA, 2009, p. 191).•DOI? “If no DOI has been assigned to the content,

provide the home page URL of the journal or of the book or report publisher. If you are accessing the article from a private database, you may need to do a quick web search to locate this URL” (APA, 2009, p. 192).

More Tips:

Journal article retrieved online: Some APA rules to note

•“In general, it is not necessary to include database information” (APA, 2009, p. 192). •“Do not include retrieval dates unless the source

material may change over time” (APA, 2009, p. 192).

How do we cite?

Retrieved from http://www.aeaweb.org/jep/index.php

Anderson, K., Durbin, E., & Salinger, M.

How do we cite?Journal article retrieved online

Who. (When). What. Where.(2008). Identity theft.

Journal of Economic Perspectives, 22(2), 171-192. doi:10.1257/jep.22.2.171

No doi?

•Group authors: “occasionally, a work will have as its author an agency, association, or institution” (APA, 2009, p. 183).

•No author: “move the title to the author position, before the date of publication . . . A period follows the title” (APA, 2009, p. 184).

Reference listHow do we cite?

•Non periodical title: “Capitalize only the first word of the title and of the subtitle, if any, and any proper nouns; italicize the title (APA, 2009, p. 185).

Tim Hortons. (n.d.). About us.

• Date: “If no date is available, write n.d. in parentheses” (APA, 2009, p. 185).

About us. (n.d.).

More APA help:• Consult OC Library

APA Citation Style guide• Consult APA Publication Manual• If you are unable to identify a specific

example, use an example that is most like your source

• OC Library Research Writing & Citing guide

• Ask!

Don’t forget

• Research takes time- start early!• Be flexible• Be open to new information and

strategies• Ask for help– At the reference desk– AskAway– Email me:

lwillson@okanagan.bc.ca

References

1. Concept for Market Research Strategy adapted from– University of B.C.’s David Lam Management Research Library’s Jump-

Starting My Research (Undergraduate) guide http://lam.library.ubc.ca/jumpstart-your-research/

– Research Rescue’s Jump start Your Research guidehttp://blogs.ubc.ca/researchrescue/files/2010/03/RRJumpStart.pdf 

LW 09/03/13