BTLEW Lesson 3 – Mickael Dell’s Two-Billion-Dollar Dream Part Four ENTER

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Lesson 3 – Mickael Dell’s Two-Billion-Dollar Dream

Part FourPart Four

ENTER

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I. Word Study

II. Phrases and Expressions

III.Word Building

Language Language StudyStudy

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I.I. Word StudyWord StudyWord list:

1. confess

2. drive

3. edge

4. entitle

5. gross

6. hefty

7. imbue

8. launch

9. markup

10. maze

11. specialize

12. tease


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I.I. Word StudyWord Study1. confess

v. to acknowledge or admit

Examples:

to confess to a crime

to make confession of sins

I must confess that I haven’t read it.

admitacknowledgeconfess

Compare


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I.I. Word StudyWord Study

Examples:I _______that she is right ．

With so much evidence against him he had to ____ his error ．

He has ____his crime ．

admit: 通常指因外界压力、良心或判断而承认某事的存在或真实性，含“不情愿”之意。

acknowledge: 指“公开承认”，常用于过去隐瞒或否认之事。

confess: 着重承认自己的过错或罪恶，因此有“忏悔”、“坦白”的含意。

Fill in the blanks with these words.


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2. drive

n. [C; U] (psychology) desire to attain a goal or satisfy a need

Examples:

Hunger is a human drive.

The profit drive dominated the entire

company at the expense of its other

responsibility.


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3. edge n.

Examples:

At the edge of the lake, women were doing

their washing.

That country is on the edge of a general

election.

The remark has a biting edge to it.

More examples



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live on a bare edge of subsistencewin by a narrow edgelose the edgehave/get/gain/hold/keep/maintain an edge over sb.

edge


Translation

勉强维持生活

险胜失去优势胜过某人


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Examples:

The book entitled ‘Democracy’.

If you fail three times, you are not entitled to try any more.

The privilege entitles you to enjoy this freedom.

4. entitle

v.a. to have… as a title

b. (condition/circumstance/qualities) to give right to

(in passive) be entitled to sth./to do sth.


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I.I. Word StudyWord Study5. gross

a.a. total, without deduction; opposed to netb. flagrant and extremec. indecent, obscene or vulgard. the broadest or general consideration

n. gross

v. gross

Word formation

gross income gross annual profit a gross miscalculation gross words/behavior gross judgment a pair of gross earrings

总收入年度毛利严重失算污秽语言 / 粗俗的举止粗略的判断一副粗大的耳环


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Classify the following words into 3 groups according to a, b and c.

a hefty amount a hefty increase

a hefty fine a hefty blow

a hefty man a hefty meal

a hefty book

a

a

b

b

a

a

c

a.

a. notably large or substantial

b. big, strong, powerful and muscular

c. heavy, weighty

6. hefty


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I.I. Word StudyWord Study7. imbue

v. (esp. passive, formal) to fill or inspire sb./sth. with a very strong emotion

Examples:

aristocrats imbued with arrogance

imbued with patriotism, ambition, love

a people deeply imbued with national pride

His work was imbued with the evolutionary

spirit.

Translation

充满灌输深深影响


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I.I. Word StudyWord Study8. launch

v.a. to start sth. (esp. of an official, public or milita

ry activity) b. to put a boat into the water or send sth. into s

pacec. to make a book or new product available for s

ale

launch a fierce attack

launch his autobiography launch the rocket/a ship

launch another new model

launch a project

b

b

a 发动凶狠的攻势出版自传发射火箭发行新型号开始投入一个项目

Translation

a


c

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9. markup

n. an increase in the price of sth. esp. from the price a shop pays for sth. to the price it sells it for; the increased price at which you sell the product

Examples:

The retailer’s markup is 50%.

The markup on food in a restaurant is usually

at least 100%.

a 10% markup on cigarettes after the budget

Related word

markdown消减，降低

Cf. mark up



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Examples: Whisky is marked up by 150%. Compact disks may be marked up as much as

80%.

mark sb. up to increase the marks given to sb. in an examExample:

If we mark him up a tiny bit, he will just get through.

mark up


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I.I. Word StudyWord Study10. maze

n. a confusing network of paths or passages, labyrinth; an intricate system that daunts or perplexes

Examples:

Be caught up in a maze of dream.

Go through a maze of narrow streets.

He turned short into one of the mazes of the

wood.

Translation

1. 坠入迷梦。2. 穿过迂曲的小街。3. 他突然转入一座

迷宫似的森林地带。


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专攻医科专门专门经销


11. specialize v.

Examples:

Many girl students specialized in medicine.

He specialized first in painting birds and later

in writing about them.

A shop specializes in camping equipment.

Translation


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mocktaunt

Synonyms


v. to make fun of (sb.) in a playful or unkind way; deliberately annoy

Examples: Don’t get upset. I was only teasing. The other boys used to tease him because

of his accent. Stop teasing the cat.

12. tease

The end of Word Study.


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List:

1. be attached to

2. come/get to grips with sb./sth.

3. get sth. out of the way

4. keep pace (with)

5. pan out

6. soup sth. up

7. with a vengeance

II.II. Phrases and Phrases and ExpressionsExpressions


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Examples:

1. be attached to Translation


attached to the document attach a label to a suitcasea bedroom with a bathroom attachedattach a stipulation to a contract aid with no condition attached He was strongly attached to his home.She attached no significance to his warning.Different people attached different meanings to words.

文件附表标签贴在 / 系在箱子上附浴室的卧室

在合同中附加一条款无附加条件援助他对他的家恋恋不舍。

她不重视他的警告。

人们对词语有各自的解释。


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Examples:She was unable to get to grips with the robber.

It’s high time we came to grips with the drug problem.

The first thing they decided to come to grips with was their financial reform.

2. come/get to grips with sb./sth.

a. 与……搏斗b. 对待，处理


a. to seize (an opponent) and begin to fight

b. to understand and deal with a difficult problem or situation


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Examples:I’d rather have the interview in the morning and get it out of the way!

3. get sth. out of the way


to finish, or to deal with sth. esp. sth. difficult or unpleasant


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Examples:

Pensions and benefits have failed to keep

pace with the rate of inflation.

It’s important for a firm to keep pace with the changes in the market.

I’ve never really kept pace with this new technology.

4. keep pace (with)


Chinese

以轻松自在的速度

a. to move forward, develop or increase as fast as someone or sth. else

b. (fig.) to understand and deal with a difficult problem or situation

“at a snail’s pace”


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证明对他很合适

结果如何

成功


5. pan out 证明是；结果是；成功

Examples:

His new job is panning out well for him.

How did your arrangements pan out?

None of her attempts to get into show business has panned out.

Translation

(inform.) to have an outcome esp. a successful one


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Examples:a souped-up car, a souped-up playsoftware programs to soup up the office emailThe new movie is just a souped-up version of the original.

6. soup sth. up

1. 增强，增大，加速

2. （经加工）变得更吸引人，更花哨


Translation

Variant:souped-up

a. to increase the power of (a car, etc.) by modifying the engine

b. to improve sth. by making it bigger, more attractive, or more exciting


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Examples: The rain came down with a vengeance.He tried to quit smoking—only for two weeks. Then he started smoking again, with a vengeance.In some places, TB is back, and with a vengeance.After he recovered from the illness, he set to work with a vengeance.

7. with a vengeance


(inform.) even to a greater degree than is normal, expected or desired


The end of Phrases and Expressions.

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III.III. Word BuildingWord BuildingList:

1. Acronym

2. Initialism

3. Compound


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Definition: words formed from the initial letters of the name of a

n organization or a scientific term. They differ from initialism in that they are pronounced as words rather than as sequences of letters.

Examples:BASIC = beginner’s all-purpose symbolic instruction codeTEFL= teaching English as a foreign language

1. Acronym

More examples

III.III. Word Building Word Building



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Laser lightwave amplification by stimulated

emission of radiation

OPEC Organization of Petroleum Exporting

Countries

Radar radio detecting and ranging

SALT Strategic Arms Limitation Talks

SAM Surface–to-air missile



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2. Initialism

a type of shortening using the first letters of words to form a proper name, a technical term or a phrase. It is pronounced letter by letter.

Examples:I (International) O (Olympic) C (Committee)

ETV=educational televisionH-bomb = hydrogen bomb


Three types



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a. The letters represent full words.


Examples:

I (International) O (Olympic) C (Committee)

I (International) S (Standard) B (Book) N (Number)

the C (Central) I (Intelligence) A (Agency) of the U.S.

the U (United) N (Nations)

Type b



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b. The letters represent elements in a compound or just part of a word.

Examples:

ETV=educational television

ID= Identification (card)

TB= tuberculosis


Type c


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c. A letter represents the complete form of the first (the first two) word(s); while the second word is in full form.

Examples:

H-bomb = hydrogen bomb

V-J Day = “the day on which the fighting with

Japan officially ended in World War Ⅱ”



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back up copies

bail out

break through

come back

drop out

lay out

backup copies bailout breakthrough comeback dropouts layout

1) mark + up = markup

adv.

v.

III.III. Word BuildingWord Building

n.

More examples

3. Compound



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checkup

handout

payoff

pickup

playback

printout


runaway

rundown

sellout

standby

takeover

Examples:



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a. -ship + 表示职业或职务的名词 = 表示具有原名词所指职业或担当职务时的状态或经历

2) suffix -ship


More examples

ambassadorship

apprenticeship

citizenship

editorship

leadership

membership

ownership

大使职位或职务学徒身份资格 / 见习期市民 / 公民编辑职位或工作领导职位成员资格 / 会员身份；党 / 团籍所有权 / 所有制；物主身份



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Mr. Smith has just taken over the chairmanship. 史密斯刚刚接任主席的职位。

She concealed her authorship to ensure fair criticism of her work. 她不公开自己作者身份，以确保人们对她的作品有中肯的批评。

He was offered a professorship in mathematics. 他被聘为数学教授。

Translation

1. 主席职位

2. 作者身份

3. 教授职位

Examples:




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b. –ship + 表示从事某项工作或职业的人的名词＝表示从事该项工作或职业的人所掌握的技术

More examples

craftsmanship

draftsmanship

musicianship

salesmanship

statesmanship

seamanship

sportsmanship

workmanship

技术，技艺，技能制图术，起草术；草稿图样音乐才能，修养；音乐技巧推销术，销售能力政治家才能或风度航海技术运动员精神品格；运动技术手艺；技巧工艺




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Examples:It was a marvelous example of oarsmanship.The workmanship of the dresses was unmistakably French.His room bore plentiful evidence of his marksmanship in the form of stuffed animals.

Translation

1. 划桨技术

2. 手工；手艺

3. 射击技术




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c. -ship ＋名词＝表示两个或更多的人或事物之间的关系的新名词E.g. friendship,companionship 指有同伴而不是孤身一人的状况。

acquaintanceship

comradeship

kinship

partnership

Examples:

相识认识；交往关系同事 /同伴关系；友爱家族关系，亲属关系合伙合作；合伙企业 / 身份

More examples




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a cosy new relationship between the two countries. That evening a strong friendship between the two women began. The overwhelming mood was one of comradeship.

1. 友好关系

2. 友谊

3. 同志间的情谊

TranslationExamples:




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airship

battleship

flagship

gunship

spaceship

warship

d. –ship + 名词 = 表示不同类型船只或运输工具的新名词。

飞船，飞艇战舰旗舰武装直升机太空船 /宇宙飞船，航天器军舰，战舰

More examples

Examples:




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1. 战舰2. 运兵舰3. 太空船4. 汽船

the remains of a sunken battleshipHe set sail on the troopship Cameronia from Glasgow to South Africa.

他乘坐苏格兰步兵团的运兵舰从格拉斯哥前往南非。watching Earth’s first spaceship setting off the moonan overaged, obsolete steamship

Translation

Examples:


The end of Word Building.


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BTLEW Lesson 3 – Mickael Dell’s Two-Billion-Dollar Dream Part Four ENTER