RECOMMENDATION OF CURRICULUM

The management of Asian College of Technology, Bahawalpur with the help of Advisory Committee and other teaching staff listed below vetted the curriculum of B.Tech Hons Electrical (POWER) Programme fourth year class (Annual). The Advisory Committee founded the curriculum suitable and recommended to teach in the academic session 2011-12 starting from September-2011.

CURRICULUM FOR B-TECH (HONS) 4 th YEAR CLASS ELECTRICAL (POWER) TECHNOLOGY

Sr No. Code Subject Page No.

1. I S Islamiat & Pakistan Studies 012. Math 401 Mathematics-II 023. ET 402 High voltage Technology 034. ET 403 Electrical Machine Design and Equipment Testing 055. ET 404 Electrical Drives 066. ET 405 Power Economics and Management 087. ET 406 Feedback Control systems 108. ET 407 Power System Analysis 129. ET 408 Power System Operation and Control 1310. ET 409 Industrial Electronics 1411. ET 410 Project 15

Engr. Muhammad AkhtarHOD Electrical Department Govt College of TechnologyBahawalpur

Engr. Rafique Ahmad RajputHOD B.Tech DepartmentAsian College of Technology, Bahawalpur

Curriculum for ELECTRICAL (POWER) Technology B-Tech (Hons) 4th Year Class

Sr # Code Subject T P C

Marks

TotalTheory Practical

1 IS Islamiat & Pakistan Studies 1 0 1 50 0 50

2 MATH 401 Mathematics-II 2 0 2 100 0 100

2 ET 402 High voltage Technology 2 3 3 100 50 150

3 ET 403 Electrical Maschine Design and Equipment Testing 2 3 3 100 50 150

4 ET 404 Electrical Drives 2 3 3 100 50 150

5 ET 405 Power Economics and Mangement 2 0 2 100 0 100

6 ET 406 Feedback Control systems 2 3 3 100 50 150

7 ET 407 Power System Analysis 2 3 3 100 50 150

9 ET 408 Power System Operation and Control 2 3 3 100 50 150

10 ET 409 Industrial Electronics 2 3 3 100 50 150

11 ET 410 Project 0 6 2 0 100 100

12 Total 19 27 28 950 450 1400

ET 401 MATH-II T P C

2 0 2

1. Matrices and Determinants:-Algebra of matrices, system of linear equations (Gauss Elimination Method,

Gauss's Jordon Method). Eigen values and Eigen Vectors, and Singularity.

2. Complex Numbers:-Algebra of Complex Number, Complex plane, Exponential and Polar form,

D' Moiver's Theorem, and Inverse Hyperbolic Functions, Inverse Trigonometric Functions, Complex Functions, Limit and Continuity, Complex Differentiation, Cauchy Theorem and Chauchy's Integral formula.

3. Integral Calculus:-Integration as Reverse process of Differentiation, different techniques of Integration, Definite Integrals.

4. Application of Integration:-Area between curves, volume of solids, (prism, cylinder, pyramid, cone and sphere), Momentum, Moment of Inertia, Theorem of parallel and perpendicular axes, Mean and root Mean square values.

5. Differential Equations:-Classification of Differential Equation, formation of Differential Equation, Initial Value and Boundary Value conditions, First Order Differential Equations, Homogeneous Equations, Exact Equations, Linear equations Bernoulli's Equation, Second Order differential equations, non homogeneous Linear Equations, application to the physical and engineering problems.

6. Laplace transforms. Inverse Laplace Transforms Application to the solution of differential equations.

7. Fourier Series Even and odd functions Lang-Range Series.8. Partial differential coefficient. Partial Differentiation of implicit functions. Total

differential and its application to small errors.9. Taylor's series of two variables. Maximum and minima of function of two

independent variables.10.Multiple integration and its application to area between curves, area of surfaces

and volume of solid. Application to Engineering problems. 11.Graphical differentiation and integration.12.Basel's Functions.13.Gradient, Divergence and curt. Vector differentiation and integration.

Books Recommended:

1. Advanced Engineering Mathematics, by Edwin Kreyszing and by C.R. Whylic.2. Practical Mathematics, Vol & II by Taft and Mickey.3. Advanced Vector Analysis, by Weather-burn.

Reference Books:

1. Technical Mathematics with Calculus by Peter Kuffiting.2. Engineering Mathematics by K. A. Stroud.3. Mathematical Methods by Dr. S. M. Yousaf and Dr. Abdul Majeed.4. Calculus and-Analytical geometry by Dr. M.N.M. Talpur.5. An Introduction to Numerical Analysis by Dr. Muhammad Iqbal.

ET 402 HIGH VOLTAGE TECHNOLOGY T P C

2 3 3

1. Breakdown of Gases: Charge multiplication, Secondary emission, Townsend Theory, Streamer Theory, Paschen’s Law, Determination of Minimum breakdown voltage, Breakdown in non uniform field, Effect of polarity on corona inception and break down voltage.

2. Partial Discharge: definition and development in solid dielectric. 3. Break Down of Solids: Intrinsic breakdown, Electromechanical break down,

Thermal breakdown, Streamer Breakdown.4. Breakdown of Liquid: Intrinsic Break down, Cavitation Theory, Suspended particle

Theory.5. Lightning Phenomena: Electrification of cloud, Development of Lightning Stroke,

lightning induced over voltage, direct stroke, indirect stroke.6. Protection of Electrical Apparatus against over voltage: Lightning Arrestors, Valve

Type, Metal Oxide arresters, Expulsion type. Effect of location of lightning arresters on protection of transformer. Protection of substation, Earth wire.

7. Insulation Co ordination: Basic Insulation level. Basic Impulse level, Switching Impulse level. Volt time characteristics of protective devices, Determination of Basic Impulse level of substation equipment.

8. Generation of High Voltage: Generation of high a.c voltage by testing transformer, cascaded transformer, series resonant circuit, single stage and multi stage. Advantages of Series Resonant Circuit in testing of cables.

9. Generation of d.c high voltage: Cockcroft Walton doubler and multistage circuit. Definition of Impulse Voltage as per Pakistan Standard Specification, Wave front and wave tail time, Generation of Impulse Voltage, Multistage impulse generator, triggering of Impulse Generator.

10.Measurement of High Voltage: Sphere gap voltmeter: a.c, d.c and impulse, high voltage measurement as per Pakistan Standard Specifications. Resistance and Capacitance Potential dividers, Peak voltmeters for measurement of high a.c voltage in conjunction with capacitance dividers. Capacitance Voltage Transformer, Rotating Voltmeter for the measurement of d.c high voltage.

11.Electrostatic Voltmeter High Voltage testing: Testing as per Pakistan Standard Specifications. Power frequency withstand, induced over voltage and impulse test on transformers, Power frequency wet withstand test and impulse test on insulators.

12.EHV-AC//DC transmission insulation of transmission lines, insulation co-ordination, voltage drop around insulators.

Practicals:

1. Visit to grid station & Hands on training on equipment used inEHV AC / DC transmission at grid station.

References:

1. High Voltage Engineering: C.L.Wadhwa, New Age International (P) Ltd, Publishers.2. An introduction to High Voltage Engineering: Subir Roy, Prentice Hall Pvt. Ltd.

Book Recommended:

1. High Voltage Engineering by Dr. M. Abdullah and E. Kuffle.2. High Voltage Engineering by Kamraj & Naidu.

ET 403 ELECTRICAL MACHINE DESIGN AND EQUIPMENT TRAINING T P C

2 3 3

1. Machine Design: Industrial standardization, national and international standards, codesand testing laboratories, manufacturing and operating systems, design considerations for electrical machines, properties and applications of materials for magnetic machine.

2. Insulation system and its design considerations, thermal time constant, coolingsystems of transformers and rotating machines, duty cycles, ratings and temperature-rise, mechanical design considerations, specific loading and output equations of power transformer and induction motor.

3. Design of transformer or induction motor.4. Introduction to computer aided design (CAD) and computer aided manufacturing

(CAM).5. Installation, Maintenance and Troubleshooting of Machines:

Safety precautions, troubleshooting and emergency repairs. Installation, commissioning, testing, maintenance, and troubleshooting of

(i) power transformers (ii) induction motors (iii) AC generators.

Practical:

1. Measurement of magnetic flux, inductance and reluctance of a part of electrical machines.

2. Study of transformer and rotating-machine parts. 3. Understanding operating principles, ratings and application of the following

equipment: a)power supplies, b)magnetic contactors, c)thermal overloads, d)miniature circuit breakers, e)metallic-clad circuit breakers, f)earth leakage circuit breaker, g)clip-on meters,

Recommended Books:

1. Commissioning, Operation and Maintenance of Electrical Equipment by S. Rao,Khanna Publisher, India, Latest Edition.

2. Alternating Current Machines by M.G. Say, Latest Edition.

ET 404 ELECTRICAL DRIVES T P C

2 3 3

1. Electrical drive: Concept, classification, parts and advantages of electrical dives.2. Dynamics of Electrical Drives: Types of Loads, Components of load toques,

Fundamental torque equations, Equivalent value of drive parameters for loads with rotational and translational motion. Steady state stability, Transient stability. Multi quadrant operation of drives. Load equalization.

3. Motor power rating: Thermal model of motor for heating and cooling, classes of motor duty, determination of motor rating for continuous, short time and intermittent duty, equivalent current, torque and power methods for fluctuating and intermittent loads.

4. Starting of Electric Drives: Effect of starting on Power supply, motor and load,Methods of stating of electric motors, Acceleration time Energy relation during stating, methods to reduce the Energy loss during starting.

5. Braking of Electric Drives: Types of braking, braking of DC motor, Induction motor and Synchronous motor, Energy loss during braking,

6. DC motor drives: Single phase, three phases fully controlled and half controlled rectifier fed DC drives. Dual converter control of DC drives. Power factor, supply harmonics and ripple in motor current. Chopper control of DC drives.

7. Induction motor drives: Stator voltage variation by three phase controllers, Speed control using chopper resistance in the rotor circuit, slip power recovery scheme. Pulse width modulated inverter fed and current source inverter fed induction motor drive. Volts / Hertz Control, Vector or Field oriented control.

8. Synchronous motor drive: Variable frequency control, Self Control, Voltage source inverter fed synchronous motor drive, Vector control.

9. Introduction to Solar and Battery Powered Drive, Stepper motor, Switched Reluctance motor drive

10. Industrial application: Drive consideration for Textile mills, Steel rolling mills, Cement mills, Paper mills, Machine tools. Cranes & hoist drives.

Practicals:

1. Used of stepper motor in different scenarios.2. Study Frequency control circuits used to control motor speed.3. Behavior of induction motor and its comparison with other types of motors.4. Starting circuitry of different types of motors.

Text Books:

1. Fundamental of Electrical Drives, G.K. Dubey, New Age International Publication.2. Electric Drives, Vedam Subrahmanyam, TMH.3. A first course on Electrical Drives, S.K. Pillai, New Age International Publication.

Reference Books:

1. Electric motor Drives, R. Krishnan, Pearson Education.2. Modern power Electronics and AC drives, Bimal K Bose, PHI.

ET 405 POWER ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT T P C

2 0 2

1. Introduction: Basic concept and principles of economics, microeconomic theory, the problems of scarcity.

2. Concept of engineering economy. Economic Environment: Consumer and producer goods, goods and services, demand & supply concept.

3. Equilibrium, elasticity of demand, elasticity of supply, measures of economic worth.

4. Price-supply-demand relationship. 5. Theory of production, factors of production, laws of returns, break-even charts

and relationships. Perfect competition, monopoly, monopolistic competition andoligopoly. Fundamentals of marketing.

6. Elementary Financial Analysis: Basic accounting equation. Development andinterpretation of financial statement-income statement, balance sheet and cashflow. Working capital management.

7. Break Even Analysis: Revenue/cost terminologies, behavior of costs,determination of costs/revenues, numerical and graphical presentations. Practical applications. BEA as a management tool for achieving financial/operationefficiency.

8. Selection between Alternatives: Time value of money and financial internal rate ofreturn, present value, future value and annuities. Cost-benefit analysis: selectionamongst materials, techniques, design etc. Investment philosophy, investmentalternatives having identical lives, alternatives having different lives, make or buydecisions and replacement decisions.

9. Value Analysis/Value Engineering: Value analysis procedures, value engineeringprocedures, value analysis versus value engineering, advantages and applicationsin different areas, value analysis in designing and purchasing.

10.Linear Programming: Mathematical statement of linear programming problems,graphic solution simplex procedure, duality problem.

11.Depreciation and Taxes: Depreciation concept, economic life, methods ofdepreciations, profit and returns on capital, productivity of capital gain (loss) on the disposal of an asset, depreciation as a tax shield.

12.Business Organization: Type of ownership, single ownership, partnerships,corporation, type of stocks and joint stock companies banking and specializedcredit institutions.

13.Capital Financing & Allocation: Capital budgeting, allocation of capital among

independent projects, financing with debt capital, financing with equity capitaltrading on equity, financial leveraging.

Recommended Books:

1. Engineering Economy by A. Tarquin, Latest Edition.

2. Engineering Economy by Degarmo, Latest Edition.

3. Economics by Samaulson, Latest Edition.

ET 406 FEEDBACK CONTROL SYSTEMS T P C

2 3 3

1. Introduction to control system: Concept of feedback and Automatic Control, Effects of feedback, Objectives of control systems. Definition of linear and nonlinear systems. Elementary concepts of sensitivity and robustness.

2. Types of control systems: Servomechanisms and regulators, examples of feedback control systems. Mathematical modeling of dynamic systems. Electrical analogy of spring-mass-dashpot system.

3. Transfer Function concepts, poles and zeroes of a transfer function. Block diagram representation of Control Systems. Block Diagram Algebra Signal Flow Graph. Mason’s gain formula. Control system component Potentiometer, synchros, resolvers, position encoders, D.C. and A.C. tacho-generators, actuators.

4. Block diagram level description of feedback control systems for position control, speed control of DC motors, temperature control, liquid level control, voltage control of an alternator.5. Time domain analysis: Time domain analysis of a standard second order closed

loop system. Concepts of undamped natural frequency, damping, overshoot, rise time and settling time. Dependence of time domain performance parameters on natural frequency and damping ratio. Step and impulse response of first and second order systems. Effects of poles and zeroes on transient response.

6. Stability of linear system by pole location. Routh-Hurwitz criteria.7. Error analysis: Steady state errors in control systems due to step, ramp and

parabolic inputs. Concept of system types and error constants. 8. Stability analysis: Root locus techniques, Construction of Root Loci for simple

systems. Effects of gain on the movement of poles and zeros. 9. Frequency domain analysis of linear systems: Bode plots, Polar Plots, Nichols

chart. Concept of resonance frequency of peak magnification. Nyquist criteria, measures of relative stability – phase and gain margins. Determining margins in Bode Plots and Nichols chart, M-circle and M-Contours in Nichols chart.

10. Control system performance measures.: Improvement of system performance through compensation, Lead, lag and lead-lag compensation, PI, PD and PID control.

Practicals:

1. Familiarization with MATLAB Control System tool box and MATLAB SIMU LINKtool box.

2. Simulation of step response and impulse response with unity feedback using MATLAB.

3. Determination of root locus, Bode plot, and Nyquist plot using MATLAB.

Text Books:

1. Ogata, K: Modern Control Engineering, 4e, Pearson Education.2. Nagrath I. J& Gopal, M: Control Systems Engineering, New Age International

publication.3. Roy Choudhury, D., Control system Engineering, PHI.4. Kuo, B.C. Automatic Control System, PHI.

Reference Books:

1. Control Systems (TMH WBUT Series), Purkait, Satpati, Mondal & Mallik, TMH.2. Bandyopadhyaya, Control Engineering Theory and Practice, PHI.3. Nise, Norman S, Control System Engineering, 3rd Edition, John Wiley & Sons.4. Graham C Goodwin, Stefan F. Graebe, Mario E. Salgado, Control System

Design, PHI.5. Macia & Thaler, Modeling & Control of dynamic system. Thompson.

ET 407 POWER SYSTEM ANALYSIS T P C

2 3 3

1. Branch and Node admittances; Mutually coupled Branches in Y-bus; Equivalent2. Admittance Network; Modification of Y-bus; Impedance matrix and Y-bus.3. The method of successive elimination; Node Elimination (Kron Reduction);

Triangular Factorization.4. The Impedance Model and Network Calculations.5. The bus, admittance and impedance Matrices; Thevenin’s Theorem and Z-bus;

Modification of an existing Z-bus; Direct determination of Z-bus; Calculation of Z-bus elements from Y bus.

6. Power Invariant Transformations; Mutually coupled branches in Z bus.7. Symmetrical Faults, Transients in RL circuits; internal voltages of loaded machines.

Under fault conditions; fault calculations using Z bus; Equivalent circuits; Selectionof circuit breakers.

8. Synthesis of unsymmetrical phasors; symmetrical components of unsymmetricalPhasors.

9. Symmetrical Y and Δ circuits; power in terms of symmetrical components,sequence networks of Y and Δ impedances, sequence networks of a symmetricalTransmission line, sequence Networks of the synchronous Machines, SequenceNetworks of Y-Δ Transformers, unsymmetrical services impedances, sequencenetworks of Y-Δ Transformers, unsymmetrical services impedances, sequencenetworks, positive, negative and zero sequence networks. Unsymmetrical faults on power systems; single line to ground faults; line to line faults. Double line to ground faults.

10.Demonstration problems; open conductor faults. Load Flow Studies, Steady11.State and Transient Stability & The swing equation. 12.Application of swing curve & solution of problems using digital computers,

stability of loads, effects of mechanical and electrical time lag and delays, Electromechanical behavior of machine / lines / busbar systems equal criterion in machine dynamics.

Practcals:

1. The class teacher / HOD will arrange practicals .Recommended Books:

1. Elements of Power System Analysis, William B. S., McGraw Hill, (Latest

Edition).

2. Electrical Power Systems, Weedy, B. M., Pergamen, (Latest Edition).

ET 408 POWER SYSTEM OPERATIONS AND CONTROL T P C

2 3 3

1. Introduction to power system control and its importance, modes of power systemoperation, major tasks of operation.

2. SCADA system, control centers, controller tuning, communication sub system,remote terminal unit, data logging.

3. Economic dispatch, characteristics of power generation units, economic dispatchproblems with and without consideration of losses, incremental fuel cost, penaltyfactor, economic power interchange. Voltage, power and frequency control.

4. Evaluation of the effect of speed change on droop characteristics.5. Monitoring and control of volume, flow and temperature. Vibration monitoring

and control. Weight, width and thickness control. 6. Automatic gauge control.7. Combustion/burner management in boilers, furnaces etc. 8. Pneumatic electronics and PID Controllers, control Valves, advance control

techniques, microprocessor based implementation, PID tuning using Ziegler Nichols method, time-delay systems, decentralized control.

Practicals:

1. Visit of power plants.2. Study of PLC Programming.3. Study of different PID controllers.

Recommended Books:

1. Power Generation, Operation and Control by Woolen Barg, Latest Edition.2. Power System Control Technology by Trosten Cegral, Latest Edition.3. Power System Stability and Control, P. Kundur, Latest Edition.4. Instrumentation for process measurements and control, Anderson, N. (Latest

Edition).5. Computer based industrial control, Kirshankant, Prentice Hall, (Latest Edition).

ET 409 INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS T P C

2 3 3

1. Thyratorns, grid controlled mercury arc rectifiers and their industrial applications. 2. Silicon controlled rectifiers. 3. Polyphase rectifier circuits.4. Speed control of motors, remote control of machines.5. Industrial process control. 6. The resistance selding automatic sequence timer, synchronous weld control,

trailing tube circuits, energy storage welding system, polyphase welding system, photo relays and their industrial application.

7. Eclectic furnaces, induction and dielectric heating. 8. Saturable reactor, control, X. ray tubes and application of X. rays.9. Study of feed back system for automatic control of physical quantities such as

voltage. Speed and mechanical position, industrial application of C. R Oscilloscope.10.Electrical pneumatic and hydraulic servo systems control transformers application

of magneto amplifiers & servo amplifiers, flappers nozzles, gauges steady state analysis of electrical regulators including the Ward Leonard system.

Practicals:

1. Study of SCR , firing and control circuits.2. Study of three phase rectifiers.3. Study of electric furnaces.4. Controllers use in process control.

Recommended Books:

1. Frank D. Petruzella, “Programmable Logic Controllers”, Latest Edition. McGraw-Hill.

2. Frank D. Petruzella, “Industrial Electronics”, Latest Edition, McGraw-Hill.

ET 410 DESIGN PROJECT T P C

0 6 2

At the end od academic session:

1. Each student is required to make a final project at the end of the academic session.

2. A suitable & workable project will be allotted to a group of oneto four students.

3. They will be required to complete the design and fabrication of the project. They will also write its detailed reports.

4. The project fabricated, should be result oriented.