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Madhanie Unit 4

Job Role, organisational structure and functional areas

Job Role

Job role is a set of tasks carried out at different level of the organisation. Everyone who work in

a business will have a particular job to do.Each job is likely to differ in several ways, by

  The tasks or activities they carry out

  The mount of responsibility they have

  The amount of job security they have

  The pay they get

  The skills, qualifications and qualities they have

Main Job Roles

There are four main types of job in a business

Functional Areas in a business

Once a business has been properly established and has taken on a reasonable number of employees, the organisational structure will involve the business being splits into number of different departments, each of which has a specific job or task to do - these are called'functions'.

The main functional areas of a business are:

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Human Resources / People  Marketing 

What it does: Responsible for all aspects of managing the

people who work in a business.Main activities: 

Organise hiring employees (recruitment)Set up and manage employment rules

Organise employee training & appraisalMonitor the working conditions for employees

Manage communication with staff Ensure business complies with employment-

related legislation

What it does: Responsible for understanding the needs and

wants of customersMain activities: 

Research into the market New productdevelopment Development and delivery of 

promotional campaigns Setting andmonitoring prices Ensuring suitable

distribution Obtaining and auctioningcustomer feedback

Production / Operations  Accounts / Finance 

What it does: Organises the transformation process that

turns inputs (e.g. materials, people) in finishedgoods and services

Main activities: Organising suitable method of productionControlling the use of inputs to produce

efficiently

Managing the quality of finished output

What it does: Manages the financial resources of the

business and reports on the financial position& performance

Main activities:  Allocating and monitoring the use of financial

resources through budgetEnsuring business has sufficient cash to

enable it to pay its liabilities as they fall dueReporting on financial performanceEnsuring business meets legal requirements

re financial reporting

Organisational structure

Organisation charts & hierarchy 

The simplest way to show how a business is organised is to look at an organisation chart. Thisshows the management hierarchy in a business and works from top to bottom. Here is an exampleorganisational chart:

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Hierarchy

The levels of hierarchy refer to the number of layers within an organisation. In a hierarchicalstructure the jobs are usually more specialised.

The organisation chart above shows a business with four levels of hierarchy  – from the ManagingDirector at the top, to assistants and team members at the bottom.

Below is another organisation chart, which shows a taller hierarchy.