B.Sc._Physics_Sem._II

THE MAHARAJA SAYAJIRAO UNIVERSITY OF BARODA

FACULTY OF SCIENCE

PHYSICS DEPARTMENT

CURRICULUM

OF

B. Sc. PHYSICS SEMESTER – II: 2014-15

(Core) Sr. No Course code Title of courses Credit

1 PHY1201C04 OPTICS -1 AND WAVES 2

2 PHY1202C05 ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM 3

3 PHY1203C06 PHYSICS PRACTICAL-II 3

Total 8

(Subsidiary) Sr. No Course code Title of courses Credit

1 PHY1204S04 OPTICS -1 AND WAVES 2

2 PHY1205S05 ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM 3

3 PHY1206S06 PHYSICS PRACTICAL-II 3

Total 8

(Elective) Sr. No Course code Title of courses Credit

1 PHY1003E03 ELECTRONICS 2

2 PHY1004E04 MODERN PHYSICS 2

3 PHY1006E06 PHYSICS LAB COURSE-II 2

Total 6

(Foundation) Sr. No Course code Title of courses Credit

1 PHY1007F01 RADIATION PHYSICS 2

2

PHYSICS DEPARTMENT, FACULTY OF SCIENCE

THE M. S. UNIVERSITY OF BARODA, VADODARA

B.Sc. PHYSICS COURSE SEMESTER – II (Core)

PHY1201C04: OPTICS -1 AND WAVES (2 credits)

UNIT-I : OPTICS

Fermat’s principle, Laws of reflection and refraction from Fermat’s principle, principles

of reversibility, Refraction at spherical surface, Matrix method in paraxial optics,

coordinates of a Ray, Translation matrix, Refraction Matrix.

Aberration: Aberration of a thin lens, longitudinal and lateral chromatic aberration,

Achromatism of lenses: achromatism of two lenses in contact, achromatism of two

lenses separated by a distance, Spherical aberration, spherical aberration due to

spherical surface, minimization of spherical aberration.

* Illustrative problems from text books (2 periods)

(15 Periods)

UNIT – II : Wave Motion in a Medium

Characteristic of progressive wave, mathematical representation of a plane progressive

wave, differential wave equation in one dimension, velocity of propagation of plane

longitudinal waves in an elastic fluid, velocity of sound in gases and liquids, velocity of

longitudinal waves in a solid bar, properties of the differential wave equation, solution

of the simple harmonic wave equation, energy density of plane progressive wave, phase

velocity and group velocity.


(15 Periods)

Reference Books

1. Text book of optics by N. Subrahmanyam, Brij Lal and M. N. Avadhamulu

( S. Chand and Co. Ltd., N Delhi, 2006)

2. Vibrations, waves and acoustics by D. Chattopadhyay and P.C. Rakshit (New

Central book agency Pvt. India)

3. Tex book of Vibrations and waves (Revised edition) by S.P. Puri (Macmilan India

Ltd. 2004).

3



B.Sc. PHYSICS COURSE SEMESTER – II (Core)

PHY1202C05: ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM (3 credits)

UNIT – I:

ELECTROSTATICS (S. I. Units to be followed):

Concept of irrotational & rotational vector fields (gradient of scalar field and curl of a

vector field), Field equation for

E in vacuum. Gauss’s Law (div

E = ρ/ 0), Energy

associated with

E field, Poisson’s equation, Laplace’s equation and Uniqueness

theorems.

Conductor in electric field , Electric dipole, dipole moment, polarization and charge

density, E and D fields, polarizability and susceptibility, Gauss’s law in dielectrics,

Static boundary conditions in dielectric, energy of fields in the presence of dielectrics.


(15 Periods)

UNIT – II:

MAGNETIC FIELD: Magnetic field B (through Lorentz force) on a moving charge,

unit for B, torque on a current loop in B field, magnetic dipoles in atoms and molecules,

gyromagnetic ratio.

HYSTERISIS LOOP: Magnetizing Current, vector, H and B fields, Magnetic

permeability, susceptibility, Retentivty, coercivety and Hysterisis loss, Boundary

conditions for B and H. Measurement of susceptibility (Gouy’s Method/Quincke’s

Method).


(15 Periods)

4

UNIT – III:

ELECTRIC CURRENT AND CIRCUITS: Charge and Current density and equation of

continuity, conductivity, relaxation time, Kirchoff’s Laws and their applications, non-

ohmic circuit (thermistor case),

Rise and decay of currents in LR and RC circuits and LC circuits. Phaser Algebra

(Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication and Division), LCR series circuit (Acceptor

Circuit) Quality Factor, Parallel Circuit (Rejector Circuit), Sharpness of Resonance

Circuit Power in AC circuit, Choke Coil.


(15 Periods)

Reference books

1. Electricity and magnetism, Berkley physics course, Vol. II, Mcgraw books

company.

2. Electricity and magnetism by D Chattopadhyay and P C Rakshit

(New Central book agency, Kolkatta)

3. Electromagnetism by B B Laud 2nd Edition, Wiley eastern limited

4. Electricity and Magenetism with Electronics by K. K. Tiwari (S. Chand &

Company Ltd. 2007)

5



B. Sc. Physics Semester-II (Core)

PHY1203C06: PHYSICS PRACTICAL-II (3 credit course, 45 hrs)

1. p-n junction diode

2. Rectifier

3. RC circuit – time constant

4. Emission spectrum analysis

5. TCR

6. Wattage of a lamp

7. Deflection magnetometer

8. Vibration magnetometer

9. Error analysis: measurement of radius of a rod using micrometer screw gauge

10. Field along axis of coil

6



B.Sc. PHYSICS COURSE SEMESTER – II (Subsidiary)

PHY1204S04: OPTICS -1 AND WAVES (2 credits)

UNIT-I : OPTICS

Fermat’s principle, Laws of reflection and refraction from Fermat’s principle, principles

of reversibility, Refraction at spherical surface, Matrix method in paraxial optics,

coordinates of a Ray, Translation matrix, Refraction Matrix.

Aberration: Aberration of a thin lens, longitudinal and lateral chromatic aberration,

Achromatism of lenses: achromatism of two lenses in contact, achromatism of two

lenses separated by a distance, Spherical aberration, spherical aberration due to

spherical surface, minimization of spherical aberration.


(15 Periods)

UNIT – II : Wave Motion in a Medium

Characteristic of progressive wave, mathematical representation of a plane progressive

wave, differential wave equation in one dimension, velocity of propagation of plane

longitudinal waves in an elastic fluid, velocity of sound in gases and liquids, velocity of

longitudinal waves in a solid bar, properties of the differential wave equation, solution

of the simple harmonic wave equation, energy density of plane progressive wave, phase

velocity and group velocity.


(15 Periods)

Reference Books

4. Text book of optics by N. Subrahmanyam, Brij Lal and M. N. Avadhamulu

( S. Chand and Co. Ltd., N Delhi, 2006)

5. Vibrations, waves and acoustics by D. Chattopadhyay and P.C. Rakshit (New

Central book agency Pvt. India)

6. Tex book of Vibrations and waves (Revised edition) by S.P. Puri (Macmilan India

Ltd. 2004).

7



B.Sc. PHYSICS COURSE SEMESTER – II (Subsidiary)

PHY1205S05: ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM (3 credits)

UNIT – I:

ELECTROSTATICS (S. I. Units to be followed):

Concept of irrotational & rotational vector fields (gradient of scalar field and curl of a

vector field), Field equation for

E in vacuum. Gauss’s Law (div

E = ρ/ 0), Energy

associated with

E field, Poisson’s equation, Laplace’s equation and Uniqueness

theorems.

Conductor in electric field , Electric dipole, dipole moment, polarization and charge

density, E and D fields, polarizability and susceptibility, Gauss’s law in dielectrics,

Static boundary conditions in dielectric, energy of fields in the presence of dielectrics.


(15 Periods)

UNIT – II:

MAGNETIC FIELD: Magnetic field B (through Lorentz force) on a moving charge,

unit for B, torque on a current loop in B field, magnetic dipoles in atoms and molecules,

gyromagnetic ratio.

HYSTERISIS LOOP: Magnetizing Current, vector, H and B fields, Magnetic

permeability, susceptibility, Retentivty, coercivety and Hysterisis loss, Boundary

conditions for B and H. Measurement of susceptibility (Gouy’s Method/Quincke’s

Method).


(15 Periods)

8

UNIT – III:

ELECTRIC CURRENT AND CIRCUITS: Charge and Current density and equation of

continuity, conductivity, relaxation time, Kirchoff’s Laws and their applications, non-

ohmic circuit (thermistor case),

Rise and decay of currents in LR and RC circuits and LC circuits. Phaser Algebra

(Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication and Division), LCR series circuit (Acceptor

Circuit) Quality Factor, Parallel Circuit (Rejector Circuit), Sharpness of Resonance

Circuit Power in AC circuit, Choke Coil.


(15 Periods)

Reference books

5. Electricity and magnetism, Berkley physics course, Vol. II, Mcgraw books

company.

6. Electricity and magnetism by D Chattopadhyay and P C Rakshit

(New Central book agency, Kolkatta)

7. Electromagnetism by B B Laud 2nd Edition, Wiley eastern limited

8. Electricity and Magenetism with Electronics by K. K. Tiwari (S. Chand &

Company Ltd. 2007)

9



B. Sc. Physics Semester-II (Subsidiary)

PHY1206S06: PHYSICS PRACTICAL-II (3 credit course, 45 hrs)

1. p-n junction diode

2. Rectifier

3. RC circuit – time constant

4. Emission spectrum analysis

5. TCR

6. Wattage of a lamp

7. Deflection magnetometer

8. Vibration magnetometer

9. Error analysis: measurement of radius of a rod using micrometer screw gauge

10. Field along axis of coil

10



B.Sc. Physics Semester-II: Elective Course

PHY1003E03: ELECTRONICS (2 Credits)

Unit -I:

n-Type, P-Type semiconductors overview, effect of temperature on Extrinsic semiconductors,

Mobility and conductivity for intrinsic semiconductors, Conductivity of N-Type and P-Type

semiconductor, mass-Action Law. Charge densities in N-Type and P-Type semiconductors. Hall

effect, Experimental determination of carrier concentration and Mobility. Hall effect

Applications.

Unit-II:

PN Junction Diode, Forward and Reverse characteristics, PN Diode ratings (maximum forward

rating, PIV, maximum power rating). Filter circuits, L Type, π Type, LC Type Diode clipper

circuits, Biased clipper circuits, combination clipper. Clamper circuits, Positive, Negative

clamper, Hall wave voltage doubler, Full wave voltage doubler. Photo diode, Tunnel Diode,

varactor diode and characteristics. PNP, NPN Transistor, V-I characteristic of CE transistor.

Combination logic, Boolean Algebra. De Morgan Theorem, BCD, Octal, Hexade cimal number

systems and conversions.

Books:

1. Electronic Principles

Sanjay Sharma, S. K. Kataria & sons, 2009

2. Basic Electronics

V K Mehta, S. Chand & Co. 2009

11



B.Sc. Physics Semester-II: Elective Course

PHY1004E04: MODERN PHYSICS (2 Credits)

Unit -I:

Lasers:

- Properties of lasers

- Stimulated Absorption, spontaneous emission and Stimulated Emission, stimulated Absorption,

spontaneous and Stimulated emission

- Population Inversion and Optical Pumping

- Main Components of a laser

- Nd: Yag Laser, CO2 Laser,

- Semiconductor laser

- Applications of laser in Material Processing Laser Cutting, Laser Welding, Hole Drilling

- Other Applications, CD-ROM (Compact Disk Read Only Memory)

- Holography, Principle of Holography, Applications of Holography

- Other application of Laser

Unit- II:

Relativity Nuclear Fission and Cosmic Rays:

Theory of Relativity, Michelson Morley Experiment, Einstein’s Theory of Special Relativity,

Einstein’s Law of Equivalence, Two important applications of Quantum Theory of Radiation.

Nuclear fission and its Practical Applications, Nuclear Reactor, Source of stellar Energy, Cosmic

rays and its discovery.

Reference:

Modern Physics by J.B. Rajam – S. Chand & Company, New Delhi

12



B.Sc. Physics Semester-II: Foundation Course (2 Credits)

PHY1007F01: Radiation Physics

IN BASIC OF RADIATION PHYSICS: AN INTRODUCTION

Classification of forces in nature

Classification of Fundamental particles

Classification of radiations

Classification of ionizing photon radiations

Radiation quantities and units

Atomic and nuclear structure

Rutherford model of the atom, Bohr’s model of hydrogen atom

Nuclear structure

Nuclear reactions

Radioactivity, Activation of nuclei, Mode of radioactive decay

Electron interactions

Stopping power

Dose distribution in water for various radiation beam

Reference book:

1. Basic radiation physics: E.B. Podgorsak, Canada

2. Review of Radiation

Documents

B.Sc._Physics_Sem._II