•

BOTANICAL SOCIETY of the BRITISH ISLES

Victoria regia

Floreat Flol'a

YEAR BOOK 1951

EDITED BY

W. R. PRICE

, AUGUST 1951

Printed for .the Society by T. Buncle & Co, Ltd" Market Place, Arbl'oatb, Angus.

OBTAINABLE FROM

THE BOTANICAL SOCIETY OF THE BRITISH ISLES, c/o DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY, THE UNIVERSITY, OXFORD.

PRICE 7/6

CONTENTS

Ul~'1"lUJmtl, COUNCIL ANll COMMIT'I'EEI::!

l£DI'l'OIUAL

LIST (),l<' }IEl.WElt8 AND S,UlISClUJHHH:I '1'0 3181' MAUUM 1951

::\1rNU'l'ES tn' ANNUAL GENEHAli MEE'rING, 80'l'H MAltClI 1950

.dN:S-UAL GENEltAJ, MEB'flNC; 14TH Arml, 1951

Oll'FIOEltS' HEPUH'l'S }i'Oit 1950

11'IIH,D :MEETINGS, 1949

:WU;,IA) l\:1EE'l'INGS, 1950

CUNF1HtHNCE, 31sT MARCH TO 2ND APltlL 1950 ...

]£XHIBl'l'ION MEE'I'ING, 1950

NO'L'IOES '1'0 l\hMllERS:

MISUl£J~LANEOUS

LIST Ol~ COUNTY FLORAS IN PREPARA'l'lON

LOCAL SEOltETAUI.ES 4NH HECOltDEl~S

1") AXE,]", tW SPEVIAMSTS

PUOGltAMMlll Oil' FIELD MEE'l'INGN FOlt 1951

PEltS()NAT~IA

OBlTUAltIEH

N E,W S (}Jl' O'l'HELL 800rwrms

IN'l'EltNATIONAJ.J BOTANICAL CONGltmS, 8'1'OCKROJ.illf, 1950

COUPF, BO~L'ANIQml, DFlS ALPE's, 1950

DU,'l'lUBUTOR'S llEPuRT ]wn 1950

l'A(lE

5

7

8

25

27

37

G6

74

75

8U

DG

9D

101

10;)

lUG

107

109

112

114

116

lID

126

Ol~FIOERS! COFNCJL AND COl';lMIT'rEES 5

BOTANICAL SOCIETY of the BRITISH ISLES 1'0 trr!llIlSS : H.R.I-I. The Prinoess l10yal

OFFICERS FOR 1951-52 lIjLFJC"PED Arr THE ANNUAL GENERAl, ME.ETING,

APRTL 141'H, 195\

Presick'f!,t: Rev. Canon C. E. Rave_n

Vi('e-P)·esirlC'n.t',~: Dl' R. Vi'. TIl1tcher j J. F. G. Chapple'; J. S. If. G'ilmoul'

IIo1!.omrr11 Genertal Se'cretarll ,T, E. Lousley Honorary TTeas1~rer E. L. Swann

Ifmlo1'a.-ry Edit07' Dl' E. F. Warburg

If 0''Il l!'l'nrJI Field Secreto,1''Y Dr :r. G. DOllY

OOUNCIL (in (Jl'(1f'1' of SfllliOt'it~, I'm purposes of ]tnle 3 (e))

gll'cted A.pril 19.48 W. R. Price E. C. Wall ace

IVlected April 1049 J. P. M. Brenall R. A. Graham lVII's H. 1\'1. Richards A. E. Wado

lTO'n()1'a.r'!f A.~si.stant Secretary

mected M 07'ck 1950 D. H. Kent Miss C. l\L Rob J. E. Raven G. M. Ash

lilleoted April 1951 R. D. Meikle D1' D. H. Valentine, Professor D. A. Webb ])1' J. Heslop-Harrison Dr R. C. I,. Bllrges E,. Milne-Redhead

W. R. Price

RJiJPRESENTA,'[11VES

'Wild Plant Conserva.tion Board ................. . A. H. G. Alston DJ' J. G. Dony Ass,ociation of Rchool Nutnnt-l History Societies

CORfllHTTEBJS

])1' l'c/.opm,ent & RuLes A. H. G. Alston Miss M. S. Campl1E'll Dl' J. G. Dony J. 8. J.J. GilmouI' :ID. Mi.1ne-Redhead (Rpr.! D1' E, F. Warburg

1lf eetinas A. H. G. Alston (Chairman) J. P. M. Bl'enan Dt J. G. Dony (Sec.) R.. A. Graharn J. E. Lousley Mrs B. 'Velch

6 Oli'FICEltS, OOUNCIL AND COMMITTEES

PuMioation8 A. H. G. Alston 1\11SS M. S. Campbell J. E" Dandy J', S. L. Gilmour Dr J. Heslop-Harrison J'. E. Lousley H. K. Airy Shaw (Sec.) E. C. Wallace ])1' E. F. Warburg

Ma,ps

Prof. A. R. Clapham (Sec.) J, E. Lousley R. D. Meikle E. Milne-Redhead Prof. T. U. Tutin E. C. WaUace Ur E. F. Warburg Pro!' D. A. Webb

Conservat'ion A. H. G. Alston Miss M. S, Camp bell Dr J. G. Dony J. S. L. Gilmour J. E. Lo-usley (Sec,) E. L, Swann Dr E. 11', Warburg

Advertising J. F. G. Chappl. R. A. Graham J. E. JJousley

ElnI1.'ORIAL 7

EDITORIAL

\Ve much regret t.hat. we have not "been able to supply members with Year Hook eadier this year than ,,"'e. have done previously. It is impor­tant that the 'hook should be, avftilable early each year) as it contains mu,ny items relevant to! summer activities) and accOlm-ts of Field Meet­ings should be read before the next ones· take place,. It is impossible. to send aU MS. to the pri.nters until after the Annual General Meeting, but most of it can be in proof by that timel if contributors) i.e. Jjeaders of Field Meetings and members desiring notes in Personalia, would try to lo,t me have their MS. no-to later than the middle of Pebruary.

rrhe fonowing points should be noted in the present issue: -tlw account of, the Annual General Meeting of April 1951 is not Minutes) but an abridged acconnt, a procedure we propose tn adopt in future for oeonomy reasons. Field Meetings accounts for 1949 are here completed) and those £01' 1950 are fortunately all published now) with the exception of two: Douglas (Isle of Man») June 25 to' July 1, and Peak District, July 1.4 to 16. These will be published in the next issue. The Exhibi­tion Meeting of 25th November 1950 is again fully dealt wi.th) and it is hoped that these accounts are of sufficient interest to· members to war­rant the expense of Vl'inting them. More items have been included undor "Notices to Members)) and "New;; of other Societies" than in the past, the former containing Mr D. E. Allen's useful uJjist of 'Coun~y Floras in Proparation)) J and the latter has been expanded to inclnde foreign news of importance.

It has been decided that Distributor's Report shall in future form an integl'al part of Year Dook,

I shan be most grateful for criticisms o.f the present number, and for snggestions for increasing the nllmber and scope of items which may have a personal appeal to· members.

I shonldlike to express my thanks to our printers, Messrs T. Runc1e &; Co. Ltd.) for theiT kiud help and co-operation.

W. R. P., .Tune 11)51..

8 LIST OF MEl\-IBERS AND 8'C"BSClUBERS TO 31sT MAIWR 1951

LIST OF MEMBERS AND SUBSCRIBERS (11p to' and inrluding' S·]st MaJ'ch 195.1)

L----Ol'dinal'Y Members who lutve paicl Life Composition. J-Juni.o'l' Member. F-Family Member 8-8ubscr1be1' 1'I'lembe1'.

PA'l'RONESS:

H.R.H. THE· PRINCESS ROYAL, COU!S"TESS OF HAREWOOD, HureW(l{)(l Home, Leeds, Yorkshire,

HONORARY MEMBERS.

AeHen, Dr Paul, Mittlere Strasse 139, Basle, Switzerland, Almquist, Dr E. B., 80 Ostermalmsgatan, Stockholm, Sweelen. Balcer, Rt. Hon. R. T., P.C .. Grabwood, 8pa1'shalt, Winchester. Hants. Oampbeu, Miss M. S., F.L.S., Easter Tegarmuchd, by Aliel'tcldy, Perihshire. Ghapple, ,T. F. G., F.L.S., The Braclwns, Nlcholas. Way, Northwood, Mic1dlesox. navy. Lady, Green Encl, Keylmven, Lymington, Hants. Drabble, Mrs E., Treguuda, Ayr, st Ives, Cornwall. Jallsen, P., Frans van Mierisstraat 128, Amsterdam, Holland. TOoos, Dr. II'. A. W. Jr., Nieuwe Wog 40, Dorrlrecht, HollfllHl. I{11kenthal, Dl' G., Untere !rlinge Il, Coburg, Germany. Lumb, D., 1 Mal'l{et Place, Daltun-in-Furness. Praeger, R. Lloyd, D.Sc., 19' Fitzwilliam Square, Dublin Rechlnger, Dr K. H" F.riedl'ichstrasse 6, Wien I, Austria. Ronniger, Dl' E:arl, Strohbe,rg·gasse 29, Wien XIIj87, Au~trlu.

Senal', P., 10 Hue Dupre, Asnieres, France. Sherl'in, W. R., A.L.S., South London Botanical Institute, 3Z3 Nol'Woo(} RoarI, . S.EUM.

Swanton, E. W., O·.B.E., A.L.S., Educational Museum, Haslemel'e, Surrey. Vermeulon, Dl' P., Wodanstl'utt 14, AmstE'l'clam-Zuid, Holland. Watson, W.· C. R., 24'5 Southlands Road, Bid,lcy, Bromley, Kent.

ORDINARY, LIFE, JUNIOR AND ll,1MlLY MEMBERS AND SUBSCRIBERS.

Abell, Miss L., Thorndale, AndoversfOl'd, Cheltenham, Glos. Abell, Rev. R. B., M.A., Bussage· V1carag·e, Strand, Glos. ACkerley, Miss M. E., 107 V{est View, Clithero8, Lancs.

L Adail', G. S., M.A,. F.R.S., Low Temperature Station, Downing street, Cam· bridge.

Adams, Rev. J. H., M.A., Landulph Rectory, Saltash, Cornwall. Adams, L. T., 96 Burman Road, 8hil'ley, WaI'wicl{shire. Adamson, Prof. R. S., M.A., Dept. ot Botany, University of Cape Town, S.

Africa. Adeane, lIon. MI's IT., West Hall, IVTllndford, Tbetford, Norfoll{.

J AlIen, D. E., 32 Waterloo Ro-ad, Birl{dale, Lanes, Al1en, G. 0., St Oswalds, Entan Green, Godalming, Surrey. Alllson, Miss L Jean, M.A., J1. Higb street, Sandy, Beds. AlsIord, Miss Joan E., ,38 Cotesbach Road, Lonclo-n, E.5. Alston A. H. G., M.A., F.L.S .• Dept. of Botany, British Museum (Nat. History).

Cromwell Road, S.W.7. S Amsterdam Universiteits-Bibliotheek, SLngcl 1121, Amsterrlam, Holland.

Andrew. E. S., in Springfield Road, St Leonards-on-Sca, Sussex. Andl'(,.'W5, C. E. A., B.Sc., A.RI.ll.A., F.L.S., 114 Oxford Roac1, Moscley. Birming-

ham, 13. Appleyard, Mrs J., 98 Moo·re Avenue, Willsey, Bradford, Yorl{s. Arsene, Bro. Louis. Maison St. Joseph, Highlands, Jersey. Ash, G. M., F.L.S., Lower Birtl0Y Farm, Grays\yood, Haslemere, Surrey Atkinson, Rohert, Rocl{y T,ane, Henley-on-Thames, Oxnn.

J,IST OF MEMBERS AXD RUB8CIUBERS TO 31s'1' MARCH 1951 8

Atkinson, W., F.R.A.S., 2 DulH, Street, Penrith, Cnmberland. Baker, C. M., C,I.E., Meopham Green, l{ent. Bal(er, F. T., F.R.E.S., Curator, City and County Museum, Lincoln. BalfoUI', A. P., A.H.R.H.S., F.L.S., Lothiotn Cottage, Slough, TIurl's. Balfour, Mrs E. J., B.Se., Newton Hall, W'Indygates, Fife. Bangerter, E. R, 51 Spl'ingfleJd Avenue, Muswell HUl, N.l0. Bannister, O. W., NOl'thway Cottag'tJs, Ashchurch, near Tewl,esbury, Glos. Bannister, H. E., The Red Cottage, Little Heath Lane, Potten E'n(l, Berkham.

ste-d, Herts. Baring, Hon. Mrs G., Empshott Grange, Liss, Hants. Bmnes, Mr5 Eghert, Hungerdown, Seagry, Chippenham, Wilts.

S Barrow Naturalists' Field Club (Gen. secretary! T. Entwistle), 77 Hill Road, Barrow-in-Furness, Lancs.

Barton, Miss F. M., 19 Pari, Street, Bath. nasden, E. B., 7 Leyden Parl{, Bonnyrigg, Midlothian. Bates, ])1' G. H., The Farm Institute, Penluidge, Stafford. Baylis, Miss D., Westwiclt, Barnhorn Road, Bexh1ll-on-Sea. Bealt, P. G., Commonwealth FOl'estl'y Ifl\'ltitute, South Parks Roarl, Oxfol'(l. Bell, Peter R., Adelaide, SQuth street, Wh1tstable', Kent. Bemrose, G. J. V., City Museum and Art Gallel'y, Hanley, Stoke-on-Trent.

S Bergen Univel'sHets Bi.blioteket, DeJ'gen, Norway. Rexon, Miss D., M.Sc., P.L.S., The University, Nolttngl1am . . Ringley, F. J., RA., F'lat:ford Mill Field Centre, East Be·rghoH, near CnIrhpHteJ',

Essex. S Bil'l,beclr College Library (University of London), Bream's Rnihling, E,C,Ii,

Birl{ett, Lady D. M., c/o Lloyds Bank Ltd., (1 Pall Mall, S.W.1.. S Birmingham Natural HIstory and Philosopllical Sorlet.y, It Greenfir\r] Crrs·

oent, Birmingham, 15. S nirmingham Public Ubraries, The City Librarian, Birmingham 1. S Birmingl1am, TJnlverslty of, Edgbasto'n, Bll'mingham, [5.

Blacl{burn, K. B., D.Sc" Botany Dept., lOng's College, Newcastle-on-'T'ynr, 1. Bloomer, H, H., Longdown, Sunnydale Road, Swanage, Dorset. HoUtho, Ml's A., Pendl'ea, GuIval, Penza~'lce. Bonifacc, Ronald A., 5 Grosvenor Hoad, Chiswick, W.4. Boon, Miss V. M., Stoclnvell College, The. Old Palace, Bromley, I{ent. Bor, N. L., O.LE'., l'ILA., D.Sc" Royal Botanic Gar(leml, I(ew, Rirhmond. SUn'''Y. EOrI'ill, M., 139 Upperton Road, Leicester. BOyd, R. A., m Scotby Road, Scotby, Carlisle. Bradshaw, A. D., Dept. of Agricull.ural 110tany, MemOl'ial Ilnilclings, Rangor"

N. Wales. Hmid l Prnf. re. W., M.A., B.Sc., 48 Bnchanan Street, l\:Ii1ngavie, Glasgow. Hl'enan, J. P. M., M.A., cio Herl1arium, Royal Botanic ((arde·ns, I{ew, Rich·

mond, Surrey. Brett, Miss O. E., B.sc., 13 The Vale, Wood!orcl Green, Essex.

S Brighton Public Library, Chul'ch St.l'eet, Brighton 1. S Bristol Central Library (City L.lbl'arian:, College Green, ]ll'istol. SI British Empire Naturalists Assor.iat'ion, c/o n. A. Hebditeh, M.B,O.D., 02

Ryd-es Hill Hoad, GuildIorcl, SUr'rey. S Uritish Museum (NatuI'al History), Cromwell Road, S.W.7.

Broacl, P. D., 60 Hartington Grove, Camb'ridge. Bl'okenshire, F. A .. , 2 Rock Avenue, Barllstaple, Devon. Bl'ool{e, Miss W. M. A., 'F',L.S., 3()O Philip Lane, Tottenham, N.15.

S Brooldyn Botanic Gardens, lO()O Washington Ave., Brooklyn 25, N.Y., U.S.A. Brown, G. C., 16 Lion Wallt, Colchester, Essex. Brown, John, 16 Stafford Road, Sheffield 2. Brown, Miss M. 1., Gatehouse, Ditchingham, near Bungay, Norfolk. nruce, ,T. M., A.M.C.'r., Juniper Cott<lge, Rantnn DownlHilll, neaT' BI'flnllon.

SUff.OUL Dl'Unl\G'l', ,T. P., 28 G1"osvenoY' Place, Ra.1.hgnr, Dlllll'in.

~ T'I1-n<;s('ls, .Tflr·rln Tloillniqllf' rlr l'mnt. 2311 TIlIr 'Royalf', nrllssf'is, Tl('lg'illll).

10 J,IBT (m MEMBERS AND sUnSORInERS '.ro 31S'.r MARCH 1D5I

BI'uxneI', O. J., Pipplns, ::\:ewicl{, Lewes, Sussex. nucl{le, OliveI', ;7 Shal,espeaI'e Road, Worthing, Sussex, f3ull, IVI]'s H" Upper I-louse, west Burton, Pulborough, Sussex. Bull, K. E., 18 The· Pantile-s, Tnnlll"id{2;e Wells, T<ent. nunl{er, H. K, 18 Al)!ngdon DI'ive, Ashton-on-lUhble, Preston, Lancs. Tlurges, R C. L., M.A., M.B., B.C., F.L.S., 133 SOl10 Hill, nirmingllam, i\),

Eurnett, J H., Dept. of Botany, The university, Oxiortl. Burton, C. W. IVlusgl'ave, Pari{ House, stubbington, Hants. HUl'tt, B. L., H.Sc., fin The Hel'llarinm, Royal Botanic Gardens, Rew, Rich­

monel, Surrey. Butcher, R. W., B.Se., Ph.D., F.L.S., Culford House, Ewe Lamb Lane, Bram·

cote, Notts. Butler, Miss K. 1.. 18 1i.lorgan Road, Heading, B(lrlls.

L Cadbury, Miss Dorothy A" 73 Wellington Road, Edg'baston, Birmingham, I;, Oadbury, J., Be:aconwoocl, Rednal, nell.r Birmingham. Cac1man, J. R., i Parl( View, Bllrony, Nantwich, Cheshire. Calder, M. G., H.Se., Ph. D., BDtany Dept" The University, Manchester, 20.

B CaUfol':oia Aca(lemy of SCiences, Golden Gate ParI" San FJ'lIllCisco, Californi:1.. Callen, DJ'" E. 0., P.O. Box 202, MacDonald College, Prov. Quellec, Canada.

S CambrIdge, '1'l1e Botany School, '1'h8 University. Call1tJheU. Dr J'ames W., Ar(lrennich, Strathtay, Pel'tllshll'e. Oampbell, Mrs, Layer Mal'uey Hall, Colchester, Essex.

,1 Gannon, J. F. M., 23 Ad(tingt.on Road, Sandel'stead, SUl'r(\y. Cardew, Major J. W., 41, l'utuoe Lane, Bedford. CarJy, Miss R., :Peal{land P.N.E.U. School, Buxton, Derbyshive·

S Carl1sle' Public Library, Museum and Art Gallery (Miss C. W. Mulrhead Representative).

S Carnegie Museum, 4400 Forbes street, Pittsburg 13, Pennsylvania, U.S.A. Carrothel's, E. N., L.M.S. Railway, York Road, Belfast. Castell, C. P., B.Se., 52 Graham Hoad, Wimbledon, London, S.W.i9. Chambers, V. H., Ph.D., A.R.C.f,., 4'7 Westbourne Road, Luton, Beds. Chamllre, Mrs, Northland Row, Dt:ngannoh, 00. Tyrone, NortheI'll Ireianel.

J Chandler', M. R., 18 Hamlyn Avenuo, Aniaby High Ro-ad, Hull. Cllandle-r, S. K, O.B.E., D.Se., )!'.L.S., 59 Anerley Parl{, Penge, London, S.E..'.!O Charnnan,.I-1on. lVII's D. n., Frees House, Frees, Salop. Cllase, Capt. C. D., Camphell College, Belfast, N.T.

S Cheltenham and District Natlll'alists' Society (Hon. secretary, L. W. Hay-ward), Jasmine Cottage, High Street, Prestlmry, Cheltenham.

Chesham, P. L., 8 Warden HIll Gardens, streatley, neal' Luton, Beels. Chureilman, 'Miss Nancy, :Melton Lodge, Woodbridge, Su"ffoUc Churchman, Miss Violet, Melton Lodge, Woodbrldge, Suffollc Clapham, Prof. A. R., 1vLA., Ph.D., Dept. of Bntany, The University, Shnf­

field., 10. Clark, Wil.liam. A., H.Sc., Ph.D., F.L.S., Dept. o·f Botany, mng's colIcgr., Nl'w-

castle-upon-Tyne, 1. Clayton, Mrs M. H., 8 The Boltons, T"ondon, S.W.iO. Coales, W. D., B.Se., '77 Gt. NOI'thel'Jl Road, Dunstable, Br.ds. Collbe, Miss A. B., Lingworth, Sea Road, }i'elpham, Bognor Regl's. Oobhett, Lt.-Col, W. 0., worton, Devizes, Wilts. Codrington, Lt.-CoL J., 2'2 Eaton Mews South, L,ondon, S.\V.1. Collenette, C, L., 15 Warren Avenue, Richmond, Surrey. Collett. T. G., 6 J{ent Avenue, Ealing, London, W.i3.

,1 Collins, Brian K, 5 '1'ranmem Road, Whitton, Middlesex. Colman, C. S., M.A., 42 Hadham Hoad, Bishop's Stortford, Hevts. Conder, P. S., Dale Fort Field Centre, Haverfol'dwest, Pembs. Conolly, Miss Ann, Dept. ot Botany, University College, Leicester. Cooke, H. R., I{flbr~rde, COl'bridge, ~orthumberland. C'oombe, Davld R, The Botany Sch-ool, Cambridg€.

S CopenlJagen, Botan!sl, Cen1ralbibltotel{, Gothersgade 130, Cop·enhagen, Den­mark

LIST OF MRMllERfl AND RUllRORInERS TO 31Fl'£ MARCH 1951 11

S Cornell, New Yo}'I{ state College of Agriculture, Corne11 Dntv., Ithaca, N.Y., D.S.A.

Cornwall, Miss W. J., 9 Mount View, Mount Avenue, Ealing, W.5. Cory, Miss A. M., Fnllerton Manor, Andover, Hants. Cory, Mrs C. M., 1:he Grange, St Brides-super-Ely, near Cardiff, GlamDrg~n. CQxhead, G. W., 5 Rochestel' Avenue, DJ'omley, Eent. Crackle's, Miss F, E., B.Se., 28 Devon S-~l'eet., Hull, E. YorI{s, Cranbrook, Dowager Countess of, snape Pl'iOl'Y, Saxmundham, Suffolk. Creed, DJ' R. S., M.A., New College, OXfOl'd. Crellin, Miss E. V., 5 Casaleta, 1li Si MarycImrch )load, Torqllay, South Devon

S Crerar Library. ,Tohn, Technology Dept., 86 Eas~ Randolph street, Chicago, I. Ill., U.S.A.

Crtcllton-Stuart, Lady OoIum, clo CotUs &, Co., MO Strand, W.C.2. Cross, Hon. Marjorie, Ash House, Millom, CumberIand. Crundwell, A. C., Dept. of Botany, The University, Glasgow, W.2. Cruttwell, Rev. N. E. G., DoguI'Ia, via Samarai, Bl'1t.ish ·New Guinea, Cumming, Richard, 63 Geol'ge Street, Edinhurgh 2. DaIy, Ml's BOWEls, Dl'Umlanl'lg Casile. Thornbtll, Dnm1rles-shlre, Dandy, J. K, MA, F,L,S-.. De-pt. ol Botany, B'ritish Museum (Nat. IIist.),

Cromwel! Rnad, London,. S.W,7, S Darlington and Teesdale ~atlll'alists' F'ield Club, (;1', B. Nicbolson, SeCl'rb:tl'Y)'

i6 WeIlleck Avenue, Darlington. David, Miss Aileen M., Hillside, Uandai'f, CardIff, David, n. W,' Ashton House, Newl1ham Road, Cambridge, Da:vie, J, H., n.Sc., Ph.D., CIifton College, Bristol, 8. Davles, Miss Elizabeth W" George's Plot, Abbots Lelgl1, nr, Bristol. Davies, H, B" 3 "'lest Road, Prestwich, near MancIlCster. Davies, Mrs H. R., c!Q Llo'yds Bank Ltd., Dept. G1, 'No. 419123, 6 Pall Malt,

S.W.L Davis, Mrs M. L., Latle Stolm Farm, Patchway, near Bristol. Day, Miss E., 82 Str'and stteot, SandWich, R,ent. Day, Francis M., The Downs School, Colwall, Malvern, Worcs. Day, Miss G\vendoline Helon, HarI'old, Bedford, Deakin, R. H., IIarvey Road, Canfol'd, Magna, WimlJorne, Dorset. Dent, G .. Speedwell, Wych Cross, !<'orest Row, Snssex, Dent, Miss H. S. A., J'.P., Flass, Maulds Meaburn, Penrith, Westmorland. Diver, capt. C., C.B.E" F,L.S., Rushrnel'e Cottage, Frc-nsham, Surrey D>odd, A,. J., 9 Fullands Avenue, Taunton, Som. Dony, ,10hn G., B.Se" Ph.D., U Somerset Avenue, Luton, Beds. Duffy, 1'. S., i8 Upper Beau Strp)ct, E've-rton, Llvel'pool, 5.

L Duncan, Miss UrsuIa IC, ParI,htll, Arbroath, Angus. Dunston, capt. AmbrOS'8 E. A., PooIalash, Bal1ycorus Road, KHtcrnan, (~n.

Duhlin. S Durham COlleges, Set-enee Library, 'r11e Libl'arlan, South Road, Durham.

Eastwood, Mrs J, F., 5 Sloane Court, London, S.W,3. Edees, E, S., M,A., 19 Dartmouth Avenue, Westlands, Newcastle, Staffs, Egerton, J. A., 61 London Road, Holmes Chapel, Crewe, Ghesllire.

S Eire, National MUfH.'Alm, The Acting Diredor, IEldare Street, Dublin, E1re. Eliot, Lady Aleth,)a, 8 Cal'1yIe Square, London, S.W.3. EUen, Miss D, M., Holmhurst, Ch er, Minehead, Somerset. E111s, A, E" M.A" F,L,S., Epsom College, Surrey. EIlls, E. A" Castle Museum, Norwich. Ellis, Edgar W" Gedham, Ossett, Yorl{s. Erith, A. G" B,Se., Ph.D., 70 1;ILghmoor Road, Cavel'sham, Rerlc11ng, Rerl(~.

Esplan, MI'S Oeres, The Cottage, King's Arms Hill, Arundel, Sussex. Evans, Ivor W,' Hafo-cl House, IjB HOl'field Ronel, st Michaels, Bristol. Eyre, lVIrs R. S. K, Woodside, Crowborough, Sussex. l!'anshawe, D. B" e!n Forest Dept" Georgetown, British Gulana.

F Farenden, Mrs J., 83 Ha1'8-WOod Road, Isleworth, Middlesex. Fal"enden, W, E., 83 Harewood Road, lsleworth, Middlesex.

12 J.JIST OF MFtMBERS AND SUBSORIBERS TO 31sT MAROH 1951

Farmer, Dr A. J., M.B., Ch.B., c/o Rev. L. J. Farmer, Cheviot Manse, Glen­dale Road, Wooler, Nortbumberland.

Farquharson, Alexander, M.B.E., M.A., Le Play House, Ledbury, Herefor(i-shire.

Farquharson, Mrs John, De Yaux, Harnham, Salisbury, Wilts. Farquharson, Miss M. M., Craig Mount School, Scone Palace, Pe1'th. Fawkes, F. S. E., Haresfield, Bessels Green, SeVenOal{S, Irent. F1tzge,l'ald, Mrs V. H., Clare-ndoD Court, Maida Yale, London, W.g, T,'lemtng, Dr G. W. T. H., M.R.C.S., L.R.O.P., F.L.S., Barnwood HOllSf'. Gloncl's­

tel'. S Forestry commissinn, 25 Sftville Row, London, W.1.

Fox, Mrs CrQI{el', Corfe Farm, Corfe, near 'raunton, Somerset. Franl,land, J. N., 59 otley Road, Sldpton, Yorks. French, Miss E. H., B.Sc., The Gables, Great Chestel'ford, Essex. Frost, Miss L. Winifred, 98 Bolton Road, SalloI'd 6, Lancs. Frowde, Miss Dora M., Elmsleigh, Golerne, ChipJlenham, Wilts. GaIt, R. W. C., 20 Braid Farm Road, Edinburgh. Gardiner, J. c., F.e.A., 61 Coleherne Court, Londo,n, S.W.5. Garratt, Mrs B. E. M., High Chimneys, Battle, East Sussex.

S Geneve, Gonservatoil'e et Jardin Botanique, Route ae Lausanne 192, Geneve (Directellr, Prot. Dr Charles Baehni).

Gent, Mrs G. M., 3 Union Road, vVe1l1.ngborough, Nortbants. German, Mrs P" Newlands, The Plantation, Durrington, WorthIug', Sussex, Gerrans, Miss M. B., 46 Mool'mead Road, St MargaI'et's, '£wlclrenbam, Middle-

sex. Gihbons, Miss E. ,T., The Hall, Holton le Moo>l', Lincoln. GibllY, Mrs A. N., R.Sc., A.R.I.C., Prebend's Gate, QuaI'l'Y Heads Lane, Dur-

ham. Gihson, Mrs G. M" 26 Gilston RoarI, LoncloD, S.W.tO. Gilbert, John L., " Riverside," WansloI'd, Peterborough. Gilbert-Carter, Dl' H., M.A., M.B., Cb.B., '£l1(l,tches. Holcombc, Dawlish, R

Devon. Gm, Mrs, M. M., 22 Pine Avenue, Whitefleld, Lanes Gilmonl:'", J. 8'. L., M.A., F.L.S., Cory Lodge, Hills Road, Cambridge.

S GIasnevin Botanic Gardens, 'l'he Reeper, Dublin, Eire. Godwal'd, Dr M. B. E., 8 Deyncourt GardE'JOs, Upminster, Essex. Goodhart, Mrs M. S.,· West nwrpe, Lymington, Hants. Goodman, Miss C. M., 2 Victoria Road. Harborne. Birming'ham 17.

,T Goodway, KM., mng's Colleg,e, Cam'bl"idge. L Go,rdon, seton, C.B.E., Upper Duntuflm, Isle ot Slrye.

Gordon, Miss V., 23 AId,er Grove, Waterloo, Liverpool, 22. S Goteborgs Botnnislm Tradgard, Gbteborg, Sweden.

Gough, Mrs H., Rossbeg, Rosscahill, 00. Galway, Eire. Gough, F. C. G., Gorse Cliff, Nevin, Pwllbelt, Caernal"vonsbire. Gough, J'. W., M.A., 43 Sandfteld Road, Headington, Oxford. Graddon W. D., Rathgar, Parir Lane, Congleton, Cheshire. Graham, 1\1rs E., 31 Fisher Stroot, Sandwich, Kent. Graham, Rex., F.L.S., Mint House, Woods-ide Road, Northwoocl, Middlesex. Graham, Commander R. D., Stawell House, near Bridgwater, Somerset. Graham, Pro!. R. J. D., M.A., D.Se., F.R.S.E., Dept. of Botany, The UniverSity,

St Andrews, Fife. S Grassland Researcb Station, Dray ton, Strat'ror(]-on-Avon, \Vfll'wicksllirr.

Graveson, A. W., M.A., Tintagel, Stoke Road, Beaminster, Dorset. Gray, Mrg A. S., Weir Lmlge, IUbworth, Leics. Gray, Henry, Yewtree, West MaIling, Rent.

S Gray Herbarium, 'l'he, Harvard Dniv&1;sity, Cambridge, Mass., D.S.A. Gray, R. E;, G., M.D., Soutllcote, Hindhead, SUl'rflY.

R Graz, Institut fur Systematische Hotanilc ull(l Botaniscller Gal'ien drr Univrr­siUit, Holteigasse 0, Graz, Austria.

Green,'P' S., Dept. of Rotany, The University, Edgbaston, nirmlngham, Hi.

Grecnfleld, P., 18 Stual't Hoau, warlillghalll, Sturre,r. Gregor, Rev. A. G., M.A., B.D., F.L.S., The Knoll, 13 Pevensey Road, West

Worthing, Sussex, J Gl'igg, H. C., Arundel House, Stanwell, DeHr Staines, Middlesex.

Gl'igson, Geoffl'ey, Broad Town Farm, Broadt.own, Swindon, Wilts. S Gl'oningen, The Librarian, Botanical Laboratory, State University, Gl'Onlngell,

Holland. Orose, J. D., Downs Edge, Liddington, near Swindon, Wilts. Gurney, IV[iss C., 'ru.rleigh M1l.1, Rl'aLlfol'Cl-on-Avon, Wilts. Gurney, John, Walsingham Abbey, Norfolk. Gurteen, F. M., Honiley, Balcombe Road, Horley, Suney.

F Haines, John W., l\iidhurst, Green Lane, Hucclecote, Gloucester. I-Jaines, Mrs J. W., Midhul'st, Green Lane, Hucclecote, Glollcester.

S Halifax ScJentific Socie'ty, Belle-Vue Museum, Halifax, Yorl{s. Hall, F. T., 2 Hartington 'l'el'l'ace, west Road, Buxton, DeI'byshiI'e. Hall, H. H., 2 Hartington 'I'errace, West Road, Buxton, Derbyshire. Hanson, M, IL, 95 lVIere. Road, LeilOester. Harbc-r1, D. J., School of Agriculture, Cambl'idge. Hardal(er, W. H., 451 City Road, Edgbaston, Birmingham 17. Hardinge of PenshUl'st, '1'lle Hon. Lady, cricllel, WimbQrne, Dorset. Barley, J. L., 1I1.A., D.Phil., Dept. of Ho-tany, The Univers.lty, Oxford. I-Ianis, H. C., 16 Wentworth ManSions, Keats Grove, Hampstead, London, N.W.3. Hart, Miss 1. R. G., 25 Bnys Road, E-astl)OUI'ne, Sussex. Harvey, F.IO. J. W., I~udbrook Cottage, Upper Raby Road, Neston, Wirral,

Cheshire. Hassall, Mrs n., The Manor House, Wheatley, Ox1'ol'd. Hay, J. A., S'4 Oxiord GardenS, North KenSington, London, W.tO. Eealy, A. J., cjD' Botany Division, Dept. O'f Sdentiflc and Industrial Re­

s-earch, Welllngton, N.Z. Heath, Re'v. D. 1\'1., Little Compton Vicarage, MOl'eton-in-l\ial'sh, Glrfj. Hensler, Major E., B,Sc. (Eng.), " GUead Balm," 12 Knighton Close, Woodford

Green, Esse'x. Hepbl.l1"o, Ian, M.A., H.Se., 21 Old Dryden House, Oundle, Northants. Hepper, F. N., B.Se., A.L.S., c/n Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond,

SUl'l'ey. Hel'bert, Miss M. J'., 87 Croham Valley Roau, South Cl'oyclon, Surrey, Heron, Miss May, Erelands; Ereall Lane, Wellington, ,Salop. Herricl{, A. 0'" 8 CiJ.'addocl{'s Avenue, Ashbead, Slune)'. Heslop-Hanison, J., M.Se., Ph.D., Dept. of Botany, Univel'sity College, Gowe!'

Street, London, W.C.1. Heslop-Harrison, Prot J. W., D,Se., F.R.S" F.R.S.E., IUng"s College, Nev·l(',asllc­

upon-'1'yne, 1. Heywood, V. H., D,Se., PemiJrol(e College, Cambridge. Hill, S. Ashton, Carnaby, 19 Jordan Road, Four Oaks, Sutton Coldfield, Bir-

mingham. Hinde. J. D., Sunny Cottage, Brigham, Coekermouth, Cumberland. Hodges, K J., 51 Hartington Court, Lansclowne Way, London, S,W,S. Holder, F. W., 17 Balmoral Drive, Southport, Lancs.

L Holland, Sir J. S" Bt., M,A., c/o Central Mining and Investment corporation Ltd., i London Wall Bullding's, E.C'.2'. .

Holliclt, Miss K. M., The Old House, AshboUl'ne, Derbyshire. J Hooper, J. L., 52 vVoodfteld Road, mng's Heath, Birmingham, 1(1.

J Hapkins, B., 63 l<::lngsway, Pendlebury, Lancs. S HOl'ticu.ltural Soclety, The Royal, Vincent Square, Westminster, London,

S.W.1. 1-10wal'th, R., Karrin, SUlby Glen, Isle of Man. Howarth, W. 0 .. D.Se., F.L.S., Bota.ny Dept., The University, Manchester 13. 1-10we11, Wtlliam, 13 Balgowan Road, neckenham, I{ent. Howitt, n. C. 1,., Farndon, Newarlc, Notts. Howltt, Mrs R. C. L., Farndon, Newark, Notts.

11 Lll1'l' 0Ji' M.KMlllHtS AND i'!ll11,~UltlllEl~S '1'0 311:1'1' MAIWll 1851

Hubbard, C. E., F.L.S., c;'a- The Herbarium, Royal Botanic Gardens. Rew, Richmond, SUrl'ey.

Hug-hes, Dr Marguerita, M.B., Ch.B., Hal'twell cottage, Uisley, near Str(jud. Glos.

S Hull, University College, '1'he Lillrarian, Hull. Hunter, Mrs M. S., Glen Gl'ant, Hothes, Moray, ScotJanrl. HurIe, K. J., 12 Beverley Path, BaI'nes, London, S.W.la. Hurst, Miss Barbara, Husper Nunnery, Hor,sl1am, Sussex.

S Hurst & Son 'LW" Messrs, Staple Hall, Houndsdttch, London, E. 0.3. HUl'St, 0, P., F.L.S., Landulph Rectory, SaltaSh, Cornwall. Isaac, Miss Margaret, 30 Pond Place, Chelsea, S.W.3.

S ISlington Public Libraries (Chief Librarian and curator), Central Library. 68 Holloway Road, London, N.7.

,lackson, :Majo'r J. P. A" B.A., H.E'., cia L10ryds Banl{ Ltd., Oox's and King's Bl'anch, (j Pall Mall, London, S.W.1.

,'jacques, Miss M., Egmont, St .lamos's Lane, Winchester, Hants. Jacobs, V., fi7 Gre·enalelgh Road, J3lrmingham, 14. Jameson, J. H., M.A., 25 Radnor Road, Handsworth, Birmingham, 20 . • Tel{yll, Francis, JI.-lunstead WOOd, Heath Lane, Godalming, SUl'l'6Y.

,1 Jermy, A. C., Mauveen, strumpshaw, neru Norwich. Jermyn, S. T" 98 Western Road, Le1gh-on-Sea, Essex. Jones, Art.hur, 5 Chestnut Avenue, Leigh, Lancs. Jones, E. W" M.A., Ph.D., Imperial Forestry Institute, Oxford. Jone,s, Miss M, M., St Michael's, Horne Road, SUl'biton, Surrey. Jones. Mlss Pamela Ann. Cairnsmore, 14 Prospect Boad, Prenton, B1rkenhfO.al1

J Jowett, D. W., 36 Wood Road North, Old Trafford, Manchester, 16. Jowett, Miss Editll B., Oreton Mount, Grange-ovt;lr-Sands, Lancs. Kent, D. H., 75 Adelaido Road, West Ealing, London, W.i3.

S Kew, Herbarium and Library, Royal Botanic Gardens, I(erw, Richmoncl, Sur­t rey.

Kidd,1 L. N., F.R.E.S., 46 Eton Avenue, Coppice, Oldllam, Lane.s. S King's College (The Library), Newcastle-upoll-Tyne, j.

Kirby, Mt's G. E., Sanlmy House, Broo]{, near Ashford, I{ent. KltsOll, Miss Barbal'a, Appleton House, near Abingdon, Berks. Knott, E., Swinhope Hall, Binbronk, Lincoln. Knox, Miss Margal'et, Cjo Miss :Fullel', 76 '1'albot Road, Highgatr-, London, 1\,U. Lambert, Miss Joyce M., H.Sc., Ph.D., Newnl1am College, Cambridge. Langridge, C., 1 St Joseph's cottages, Upper Froyle, Alton, Hants. Larsen, L., 22 Maes Oadnant, Caernal'von, Wales. Lawn, Dr J. G., -EshoWe, Zululancl, South Africa. Lawrence, Pro!. G. H. M., Bailey Hortol'ium, COl'Dell university, Ithaca, N.Y.,

U.S.A, Lavender, J. H., n.sc., A.R.C.S., j ManO'l' Hoad, Christchurch, Hants. Laycock, 'r. R, B.Sc., 3 Bent Street, Longsigllt., Manchoster, 12. Leadbitter, Sir Erlc, C.V.O., 160 Addiscombe Road, Croydon, SUl'l'ey. Lee, John R., 96 Finlay Drive, Dennistoun, Glasgow, E.1.

S Leeds Central Library, The City Li.brarian, Central LUwary, Leeds 1. S Leicester Museum and Art Gallery; Leicester. J Lemmon, It. A., 5 Tinwell Road, Giamford, Lincs. L Lewis, J. Spedan, Leukford Abbas, Stocl{bridge, Hants.

Lew-ls, R., "Sanclyhook", 2 Gheverlon Avenue, "\¥it.hel'nsea, E. YOl'ks, L1.bbey, R. P., 143 Gaywood Road, Rings Lynn, Norfollc Lindquist, Professor BertH, Stocl{Sund, Sweden.

S Linnean Society of London, The, Durllngton House, Piccadilly, W.1. S London NatUl'al History Society (Botanical Section), (G. R. A. Short., SeCl'0-

tary), 36 Parl{Side Drive, Edgware, Middlesex. Long, Miss D. A. G., Little MadeIdn, Denton, near Canterbury.

L Longfield, Miss C. E., 11 Ive·rna Gardens, Kenslng'lon, London, W.8. Lousl'6Y, J. E .. 7 Penistone Road, Str·eatham common, London, S.W.1B.

J Lovls, J. D" 21 High stroot, Penge, London, S.E.20.

LIt}'l' 01<' 1!1E1!1HElt~ AND ~L'll~CHilllUt.::I 'l'() J11>'1\ ,M'AIWll 1!J61 .Lo

Lo\vne, B. T" <11 Ladydell Road, Worthing, Sussex. J Lucas, R. L" 2.0 Clapham Road, Bedford, L Lyon, A, G" B,Se., Braco Lodge, Rubislaw Den North, Aberdeen. L Mcclintock, D., M,A., Draclu'n Hill., PlatL, l:ievcnoali.S, l{.ont.

McCurdy, Dr J. M., M.n.C.S., L,RC.P., 161 Wigan Road, Ashton-in-Makerfield, Wigan, Lancs.

MacI,echn1e, Robert, B.S.c., 9 Sldrving Street, Sllawlands, Glasgow, 8.1. Maclwmie, Majnr Roderick, Fawley Court, Henley .. on-l'llames, Oxon. Maeldntosh, W., c/o 3 Craven Hill, London, W.2. McLean, Prof. R. C., J\LA., D.Sc., 'Cl1iveJ'Sity College, NewpOJ'L Road, Caruiff.

L MacLeay, Renneth N. G., B.Sc., Ph.D., Botany Uept .. Gordon Memorial Col­lege, IChartoum, Sudan.

S Maidstone Corpo,ratio'n Museum, D-ept. of Nat. lUst., l:it Faith Street, Maid· stone, ICent.

McVean, DonaId N., Z7 Huntly Avenue, GiITllock, Glasgow. 8 Malham 'l'o.rn Field Centre, MaIham 'l'a.m, near Settle, Yorlmhire.

Mal1inson, Mr& M. H., 'rhe Rectol'Y, SpelcLiIl1l'st, Rent. S Manchester Museum, '1'he, The university, Manchester, 13.

Marks, C. K, Islington Cemetery, East Fincl11ey, London, N.2. Ma1'1e1', P., R.Sc., 6 Oakley Crescent, Slough, Bucl,s. Marriott, Miss Mil.dl'ed M., <I Norham Hoad, OXfOl·d .

. Mal'sden-Jones" E;. M., E'.L,S., Close cottage, Littlelon l'anell, DevizDi:i, Wilt", Marshall, H. S., }<'.L,S" c/o RoyaL Botanic Gard,ens, Ke'N, Richmond, SUl'l'ey. Martin, Rev. W. Reble, M,A" F,L,S., B)'oadymead, Gidleigl1., Chug-Iord, New·

ton Abbot, Devon. Matthews, G, A., 5 Orchard Avenue, Upper Helved01'e, Kent. MatthmYs, Prot J'. R, M.A., F.L.S., F.RS.E" Botany Depart.ment, The Univel'-

sity, Old Aberdeen, Maudslay, capt. A. J'., Carlton House, Barton Court Road, New Milton, Hants. Meadows, P. H., F.R.Econ.S., Crag Neich, Five Crosses, Coedpoeth, Wrexham. Medwin, Miss E. M., Wood View, 80 Bl'Oomy Hill, Hereford, Meikle, Robert D., c/o The Horbarium, Royal Bo,tanic Gardens, Kew, Rich-

mond, Surrey, Melv1l1e, R., n.Se., Ph.D., c/D' Royal Ho,Lanic Gardens., Rem, IUchmond, SUrl'e)'. Merriman, 13" M.Re.S., L.R.C.P., 14 Cl18sham Place, Londml, S.W.1. Merton, P., Dept. of Botany, The University, Leecls Sl. Metcalie, Miss C. E., H.Sc., 122 Doddingcon Road, Lincoln Meyer, H., 5 Souberie Avenue, LeLehworth, Herts. Mills, J. N., M.D., j:;l Park Terrace, Cambridge. Mills, Dr W. H., F.RS., 23 Storey's Way, cambridge, Milne, J'ames Fail'wc-ather, M.A., M,B., Ch.B., Rocksley House', lloddalll, Pej.r<l'­

head, Abert'deensllire. Milne-Redhead, E" M.A., F.L.S., 7 Ashley Gardens, Petersham, Richmond,

Surrey, Milne-Redhead, Dr H., MainSl'iddle, by Dumfries. Milvain, Mrs M., Green Close, Snowshill, near nroadway, Worcs. Milwar'd, Miss M. E., The King's Sch{)ol, Gantel'bmy. Montgomery, Mrs R., Bil'kwood, ThOl'ntonl1all, Glasgow. Moon, John McK., "Finglusll," Station Road, Greenisland, Co. Antrim, N.

Irelaqd. Morgan, Miss Beryl M. C., nraeside, HOl'ley, Surrey, Morgan, Miss M. C., Lowood, Bourne End, Budts. Morley, Earl ot, Saltl'am, Plympton, Plymouth, Devon. Mortis, Mrs R. H., Cecll House, Hert'ford, Herts. Morton, J. K., The M.anse, The Avenue, BirtIey, Co. Durham. Nannleldt, Dl' J. A., UPDsala Univel'sitets Institution 161' Systematlsk Botantk,

Uppsala, Sweden. S Nature Consenancy, 91 Victoria Street, London, 8,W.1. S Nature OOnS0l'Vaney, 12 Hope 'ferrace, E'dinbUl'gh, 9.

Nelmes, E., cia Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey.

J Nelmes, Miss S., 1,8 Defoc Avenue, l{e,w, Rlchlllonu, SUl'l'ey. Nelson, Georgc A., J'v1.P.S., Ph.C., F.L.S., 3'i 'fhe Crescent, Alle] , Leeds, li. i'/mvbould, p, J., 2'7 TIle l'oplal's, ]\6'Tl'ing"by-Sea, Sussex.

S New York Botanical Garden (W. J. Robbins, Director), BI'onx Park, New YorJ .. , N.Y., U.S.A.

Newey, p, lVI., 97 Hamilton Road, Reading. l'\orman, P. R., Bl'anksome, 11 Limlen Way, SlwP1l8J:lon, Middlesex.

S Northamptonshire Natuml History Society, c/o H. G. Allen" B,Sc. (Hon. Scc" Bot. Sec,), Iv-ydalu, Woolton, Northampton.

NOl't()o, Miss ]\.L, Nobles, Upper EasellOlune, MiclhuI'st, Sussex. S Nottingham Natural History Museum, Wollaton Hall, Nottingham.

Ogilvie, William B., Dunnl-chen, 8 Tayside 8treet, Camoustie, Angus, S Oldham Central Public Library (J. S1mpson: Dir,ector), The Werneth Parj(

StUfly Centre, Fredericl{ St1'eet, Oldham. S Oslo, Universitetets Botanis][e Museum, Trondh.jemsvegen 23, Oslo 45, Norway. 8 Ottawa Nati{lnal Museum of CanacIa, VictOl'ia Memorial Museum Building,

Ottawa, Canada. Ounsted, John, Mark ASh, 116 Shinlield Road, Reading, Berks.

S Oxford University, nept, of Botany, The Librarian, Oxford. S Oxford University, Dept, of Forestry, The Librarian, Oxford,

Paget, I,ady, Achnasllellach, Ross-shire, Palmer, W, E., M,A., B.Se., Tyndale, Yeovil, Somerset Palmer, Hon. W, J, L" Head'bourne Worthy Grange, near Winchester. Pm'k, K J. }<", Rydal Cottage, Slation Road, Allendale, NOJ·lltumbeJ'land. Parldn, J" M.A., F,L,S., Dlaitl1waite, wigton,' Cumberland, Parsons, Miss M" Mousellole, For,est Row, Sussex, Partridge, Mrs Frances, Ham Spray House, near Mal'lbol'ougl1, Wilts. Patton, DI' Donald, M,A., B.Sc" Ph.D., F.ILS,E., 15 J'ordanh1ll Drive, Glasgow,

w,a. S Pavia, Botanical Institute" The UIlivOl'slly, P.O, B{lX lUG, Pavia, Italy,

Payne, U. M., 8 Hill Top, Loughton, Essex. PeterlWn, ;/, 1-1. G., F.L.S" 73 Forest Drive East, Leytonstone, London, Kit.

S Pharmacja, Bibliotheque de la Facul1e de, I, Avenue' de l'Obnervat.oire, PaJ'is. Fran,~e.

Phelps, Mrs J'. V., 65 St J'ames' Court, Bucl~ingham Gate, London, S:W.l. Pllillips, Edwtn N, Masson, 2 Priory Av,enuo, Tolnes, S. Devon, Pig'ott, C. D .. Clevedon, Harestone HUl, Caterham, Suney, Pill~ington, Alan D., Achval'asdul, Reay, Thurso, Caithness. PHman, P. n., 9B Queon's R{lfl,cl, Richmond, Surrey. Pittman, Mrs D. M., E.Se" fl Luxfield Road, Eltham, London, S.E,!).

L Polunin, Pl'ofessol' Nicholas, M.S. (Yale), M,A., D.PhlL, D,Sc, (Oxon), Dept, of Batany, MeGill university, Montrel'11, Canada.

Polunin, O. V" M.A., ChaTterhouse, Godalming, SUl'l'ey. S Pomona College Llbl'aTY, CJal'emonl, California, U.S,A.

Poore, M, E. D., earn Raineach, Coshieville, Al1el'feldy, Pel'thshire, Pope, C. N., 256 Hythe Road, Ashford, Kent. Porter, D. L. H., 4 Harl,ey House, MarylelJone Roal1, Lonu(Jll, N.W,1. Pownall, Rev, G. C., :2 Weston Road, Strooc1, Kent.

J Price, Miss JI,f, E., s.t Michael's, Herne Road, Surbtton, Suney, ];>l'ice, W, R, B.A., F,L.S., 6(, Blsworthy Road, London, N.W.a. Prime, C. '1:" M,A., F.L.S., tIn Upper Se,lsc1on Road, Croydon, SUl'/'Cy. Proctor, M. C, F" Queen's College, Cam'briUg'e. pugh, Miss J. P., :26 RussoU Street, Mitcham, Surrey. Raison, C. K, Barnet Cottage, WcstCQtt, Dorl{ing, Surrey. Ramsbottom, J., O.B.K, M.A., Dr,Sc., P.P.L.S., ::14 EnnerdaJe Road, Ricllmonll,

Surrey. Ramsden, W., 14'7 Bm'low Moor Road, west Didsbury, Manchester, 20, Raven, Rev. Canon C, E., D.D., D.Se" r,B.A., F.L.S., The Lodge, Christ's Col­

lege, cambridge. Raven, John E., King's college, Camhridge.

lAH'l' OF ME:r.:cmmS ANlJ. KUlHl{)lt1I1Elti:\ '1'0 j1Wl' MAlWH 1951 17

Rawlins, Miss E., Chearsley Hill House, Chearsley, Aylesbury, Bucks. Readett, R. C., 1 Tetley Road, Hall Gl'een, Birmingham, 11. Rees, John, B.A., j\,LSc., Y Faerdl'ef, 4(M Cyncoed Road, CardIff, Glam. Reid, D. A., 19 High street, Le,ighton Buzzal'd, Beds.

8 Reyl{javil{ Natturugl'ipasafnid, 1'.0. Box 532, Reyi{javll{, Ic'eland. Rlbbons, B. W., B.Sc., A.L.S., 28 Boundary Road, Hellesllon, Norwich.

L Richards, Mrs H. M., Tynll1deart, Dolgelley, N. Wales. Rlchal"dS, Miss J. R, Tynllideart, Dolgelley, N. Wales. RIcllards, Prof. P. W., M.A., Ph,D" Coed ]MenaL Upper Bangor, Caernarvon"

shIre. Riehardson, J., The Sw1fts, CasUe CarrocJ;:, CarlisLe, Cumberland. !Udley, H. N., C.M.G., M.A., F.R.S., F.L.S., 7 Cumberland Road, n:e:w Gardens,

Surrey. Rldley, Hon. Mrs J., Moci,beggars Hall, claydon, Suflollt. Rilstone, F., A..L.S., Lamboul'ne Hill, Penhallow, Truro, Cornwall. Rob, Miss C. M., F.L.S., Catton Hall, Thirslt, Yorks.

L Roberts, T. V., 64 Old Road, Headington, Oxford. Robertson, A. G., 23 Cotham Road, BristoL

S Roborough LibraI'Y, university college of the S.W. of England, Prince of Wales Road, Exeter, Devon.

Robson, A. W., Perth Road, Dunning, Pel'tllsllire. Rocile, The Lady, Chadl1ngton, Oxford. Roger, J. G" B.Sc., The Natur.e Conservancy, 12' Hope Terrace" Edinburgh, tI. Rook, A. J., M.A., M.D., M.R.C,P., H1llCl'oft, Lisvane, Glamorgan. Hose, Mrs Eric, Leweston Manor, Sherborne, Dorset. Rose, Frands, B.Sc., '£lle Forge House, East MaIling, Rent. Rosser, Miss E. M., Courtaulcl House, Byng Place, London, W.e.1. Rmylancls, Dr S, P., M.B., B.S., 4!, Beclwtt Road, Doncaster, Yorl,s. Rowntme, H., 43 "\Vestboul'ne, Grove, Scarbnrough, YO'rlm.

S Royal Irish Academy, 19 Dawson Street, Dublin. S Rugby School NatUl'al History Society (Botanical Section), N,H.S. Museum,

Lawrence She·riff Street, Rugby, Warwickshire, Russell, Mrs n. 1-1. S,' fla Lower Grosvcnor Place, Londo'll, S.ViI.1. Russell, Lady Victoria, The Ridgeway, Shere, Guildford, Surrey. Ruxton, J. P., c/o 51 Shepway Avenne, Maidstone, ICent Salisbury, Sil' Edw,al'd J., C.B,E'., D,Se., Sec.R.S., F.hS., Royal Botanic

Gardehs, Row, RicIllnond, SUl'l'oy, Sand ell, R. E., Hillside, PotteJ'ne Road, Devizes, Wilts. Sandwitll, Mrs Ceoil, F.L.S., 26 Canynge Squal'e, CliHon, Bristol, 8. SanuwHh, N. Y., M.A., F.L.S., F.RG,S., c/o The Herbal'lum, Royal Botanic

Gardens, Kew, Richmond, SUl'rflY. Saundel'S, Mrs N., Orchard Cqttage, Gretton, near Wincheombe, Glos. Sayer, Mrs I{~ N., All Saints Vicarage, Twicl{onham, Middlesex. Scase" R. P., R.H.S. Gardens, Wislcy, Ripley, near WaIting, Suney. Scholey, Miss M. A. R. S,' Flat 29, 20 Sluart Crescent, Wood Green, London,

N,22. S Science, :Museum, South Kensington, London, S.W.7.

Seott, E., n.M., Sllomi, Westwell, Ashfnl'd, I{e-nt. Severn, Lady, Winterbrool, Lodge, Wallinglord, Berl{s. So·wa.rd, Mts O. G., Ashrof, 93 Sussex Road, Petersfteld, Hants. SeweIl, G. H., Yn Druin, Lezayre, Isle- of Man. Shaw, G. A., 18 Leyburn Grove, Shipley, Yorks. Shaw, H. K Airy, B.A., F.L.S., F.R.E.S., cio Royal Botanic Gi.udens, Rew,

Richmond, Surrey.

Shaw, Miss M. S., H.Se., Woodlea, Marsh Platt, Honley, near Huddersfield, YOl'ks.

Short, G. R. A., 3G Parl{side Drive, Edgwal'e, Middlesex. SidweU, R. W., "Pa.ris", Ashl:on-nnder-IIill, near Evesham, Wore. Simpson, Lt.-Col. F. H" ala Pemberley Avenue, Bedfo'rd.

18 MWI' OJ" l.mUBEH.oS AND SUll.sU1tlllEl~i:1 '1'U 31w1' MAlwn 1951

Slmpson, N. Douglas, M.A., F.L.S., F.R.M.S., Maesbury, S Cavendlsh Road, Bournemouth, Hants.

Sinlmr, C. A., 1 Grove Terrace, Higllg'llte' H.oad, London, N,W.0. Sl{ene, 1>1'01. Macgreg'nl', D,Sc., F.L.'::;" University, BT'istol, 8. Skinner, '1'. G., 1 phrist Church Crescent, Radl,ctt, Herts, Sladen, W. J, L., M.B., B.S., 28 Grove Way, Bsher, Surrey. Slater, Dan C., 30 Pembrol{e Road, SevenQal{s, I{ent. Sledge, W. A., Ph.D., n.Se., 9 8t Chad's. Drive, Headinglcy, Leeds, 0, YOl'IUi, Small, Pl'of. J., D.Sc., Ph.C., F.L.8., M.R.I.A., F.R.S.E" Dept. of Botany,

Queen's university, Belfast, N,!. Small, Mrs L. P. :wr., 13 Woodfield Crescent, Ealing, London, W.5.

J Smitll, A. M. Stuart, West Wood, West Meon, Petel'sfield, Hants. SmUh, D, Co) 175 Headstone Lane, North Ha1'l~ow, Middlesex Smith, R. L., 24 Grand Avenue, Ely. Cardiff, Glam. Smith, Prof. Sir W. Wright, D.Se., M.A" F,R.S" F,L.S., Royal Eotanle Gal'CllCn,

Edinburgh, 4, S Slllitllsonian Institution, the Librarian, Washington 25, D.C" U.S.A. S Somerset AI'eluwologieal and Nat, I-list. Soci'ety (Botanical Section), 'Taunton

Castle, 'l'aunton, Somerset. S South London Botanical Institu.te, 323 Norwood Road, London, S.E.2q, L Southall, A. W., C1ifford's Mesne, ::-;Tewent, Glos, J Southall, Patrick, Greenhill Farm, Morton Bagot, near Studley, Warwick­

shire, S Southampton, UniveJ'sity coHeg,e Library ni, Southampton. S Southport, Botanic Gardens Museum, The 'curator, Southpol't, Lancs.

South,yell, Ml's M., 85 ]{lngsway, Ml.Ldenhall, Sufiollc Sowter, F. A" Ashstead, 9 North Avenue, Leicester. Spillett, A, W., 5\ Temple, Close, Bury Green Estate, Cheshnnt, HertH. Spoonor, H., 2i Musgrave Crescent, Walllam Green, London, S.W,G, Sprague, '1'. A., D.Se" F.L.S" 4 AshIord Road, Cheltenham, Glos. SpreadbuJ.'Y, W. H., 35, Acacia Grove, New Malc1en, Surrey, Stall{er, Miss N. M., 12 Alexandra Road, Penrith, Cumberlan(1. Starr, Miss E. L" G., Willinghurst, Shamley Green, Guildford, SUl'l'ey. Stephens, J, S" M.A., The Quarry, Northleigh, Witney, Oxon. Stern, Col{Jncl P. C., D.n.R., M,C., F.L,S" Hlg11down, GOl'tng-by-Sea, ~u~sex.

Steual't, Ml's G, M" Down, Whimple, Exeter, Devon, Stevens, Miss K, C., Burton Cottag'e, Wings Road, Upper Hale, Fal'nham.

Surrey. Stevenson, Miss E. H" 28 I<'oxoombe Road, Weston, Bath, Somerset. Stewart, Mrs E, H" Hamelin, Marlborough, Wilts. . Le suetir, Mrs K H., 23 Rosary Gardens, South I{ensington, London, ~,W ,7, Summel'llayes, V. S., D,Sc" c/o Royal BDtanic Gardens, I{ew, Riehmontl,

Surrey. Swaffield, Dr J" 64 Pl'eston Road, WemlJley, Middlesea{, Swaine, Miss A, K., Pisang Cottage, Nailsea, Bristol. Swann, Eric L., 282 Wootton Road, King's Lynn, Norfolk.

8 Swansea, University College nf, Singleton Pal'k, Swansea, Glam. Sworder, Miss R. M., " Polrode," st Tudy, near ,Bodmin, Cornwall. Tallantire, Miss A. C., B.Se., 1!J Hulme Hall Avenue, C'headle Hulme, Cheshiro, Tansley, Sir A. G., M.A., F.RS .. F,L,S" Grantchester, Cambridge.

L '1'aylor, Dr G., D,Se., British Museum (Nat. History), Cromwell Road, S,W.7, Taylo-r; Peter, c/o' Herbarium, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Riohmond,

f3nrroy. Taylor, S. A., 34 Nelson Street, Leicester. Ta:ylor, Mrs S, E .• 9 L1nden Road, Bedford. Temperley, Oeo. W., Restharrow, Apperley Road, Stoeltsfield, Northumberland. Tetley, Miss M. J., High Garth, HeathwaHe, \Vindel'mere, We.stmorland, Theo.bald, W, L" School House, Sandford-on-Thames, Oxon, Thomas, A. S., D,~C., Goodings Cottage, Woodland St Mal'Y, Newbul'Y, Eel'ks. Thomas, Charles, Arden,' 48 Manor Road North, E'dghaston, Birmingham, 16.

LIM'l' 01<' MEM'BEHB AND tfU1JSUlUlllmB '1'0 31::;'1' MAIl,.Ull 1951 HI

Thomas, Mis's E. Mary, 3 Bellal'ia, La Tour de Petlz, Vevey, Switzerland. Tllorold, C. A., Hele, Bl'adnineh, Devon. Tlnclall, Mrs K. H., West Downs, Wincllester, Hants. Tlsdall, J-. H. (ad(lress unlmown). '1'0wnsencl, C. C., F.L,S., 8 Upper Bath Street, Cheltenham, GIOl;;, Tl'av1s, W. G., 9 13art.on Road, L1verpool 9.

~ 'l'romso Museum Bibliotelwt, . Tl'omsb, Nonvay-, Tully, 1., Science Librarian, Science Library, Univel'sity college of NOl'th

Wales, Bangor, Caernarvonshir8. S Tunbridge Wells Municipal Museum, 12 Mount Ephraim, Tunbrldge Wells,

Rent. rlll'nbull, Miss E., Riding Cottage, Riding Lane, Hildenborough, Kent. 'rurIler, A., 140, Pl,Il€ Stree,t, Nelson, Lancs. 'l'url'ill, W. B., D.Sc .. P,L.S., The Herbarium, Royal Botanic Gardens, !{ew,

Richmond, Suney. 'rutin, Pl"of. T. G., M.A., UnLv81'sity College, Leicester. Twist, A. P., Chettle House East, Blandford, Dorset.

S Uppsala, Rungl, Lantbrul{Shbgslwlan, Uppsala, Sweden. S Utrecilt, 'Botanical Museum and IIerbarium, State Univel'sHy, Lange' Nieuw­

stra,at 106, utrecht, Nellwl'lands. Valentine, D. H., M.A. Ph.D., F.L.S., Dept. of Botany, University Science

Laboratories, South Road, Durham. vaughan, John Gl'i.lfith, B.Se., 8 Grawen, Brecon Road, Merthyr Tydfll, Glam. Verdcourt, n., A.L.S., 86 Claremont Road, Luto'n, Beds.

J Vernon, P. F" :'l8 Batterdale, Hatfleld, Herts. Verschoyle, Mrs W., Old Vic~l'age, Ospringe, Faversham, Kent.

S Vi.ctoria, The Public Library of, Melbourne, Cia Tl'llslnve and Hanson, 103, Oxford Street, W.1.

VLvian, ~iss C., 37 Wilton Crescent, London, S,W.1. Wade, A. E., F.L.S., Dept. of Botany, Nati,onal Museum 0'[ Wales, Cardiff,

Glam. Waldy, Hon. Mrs H. P., SQnameg, Higher Sea Lane, Charmouth, Dorset.

S Wales, National Museum of, Dept or Botany (Keeper, H. A. Hyde, M.A. F.L.S,)' Cardiff, Glan).

Wa.llter, Donald, Botany S,Chool, Cambl'idge. Wall3ice, E. C., 2 Strathearn Road, Sutton, Surrey. \Valters, Dr S. M., Rotany SChool, Cambl'idge. Wanstall, P. J., 54 Matloclc Road, Brighton 5, Sussex. Warbu:rg, E. P., M.A., Ph.D., South Hayes, Yarnells Hill, Oxford. WarbUrg, Mrs P., SOUtIl Hayas, Yal'nells Hill, O:xford. Ward, B. T., 24 Long Deacon RDad, ChingfDrd, London, EA, Warner, S. Allen, M.P.S., WhiteIea, Broadway, Dldcot, Berks.

L Wal'ren, W. E., Selborne, Horsell Rise, Horsell. Woldng, Surrey. F Warren, Mrs W. E., Selbol'ne, Horsell Rise, HOI'sel1, Woldng, Surrey. S washington" D.S. Dept. of Agriculture, The Llbrarian, Washington, 25, D.e.,

U.S.A. S Wa::;hingtol1, Lib1'ltl'Y of Stat,c College- oI, Pullman, Washingt.on, D.S.A.

Watchorn, Dr, Elste, Ph.D., 25 Luard Road, Cambriflge. waterfleld, R, 7 Buckel'idge Road, Teig'nmouth, Dc,von. Watson, D1' E. Vernon, 15 IlI{ley Road, Cave'l'sl1am Heights, Reading. watson, H. G" 2 Gr8-emlyl\0S Road, Dundee, Angus

L watt, Mrs W. Boyd, M.B.O.U., F.Z.S., San Simeon, 52' Wimborne Road, Bournemouth.

WelJb, D. A" M.A.-, Ph.D., F,L.,s" Trinity Co11eg'e, DulJlin. Webster, Miss M. McCallnffi, clo BanI{ Of Scotland, Macdufl, Banff.

L Wedgwood, Mrs, S Wedgwood Herharium, Th-e, Marlborough College, Wilts.

Welch, Mrs B., 13.Sc" 49 Lichfield Comt, Richmond, Surrey. Wells, Mrs E. M., 4 Chellow T,errace, Ch-ellow Dene, Bradford, Yorks, West, Dr C., " The Cowl House," Holt Wood, Aylesford, I{ent.

• 211 Lll:lT OF MEl\-IBEltS .\:\lJ J:iUllbCltlBElLK TO :nl:lT l\IAltUH UJ51

West, G, E., Ruamvella, HallYll1ead Road, Chipstead, SUl'l'ey. Weslmp, A. W., 259 Hanworth Road, I-~ounslow, Middlesex. \Vethered, Miss D. M., Waodside, WaJton St Mary, Cleveliol1, S()1111~l'Set

Wheatley, A. R., B.Se., A.M.Le.E" Gl'eenaCl'6, Orcbard Way, Esller, Surrey. Whellan, J. A., Entomology Branel), 1".0. Box 25, Causeway, Salisbury,

Southern IUlodesia. White, F., tJ LongwaJl Stl'eet, Oxfcrd. Whitehead, F, N., Dept. of Botany, The Unive'l'stty, Sheffield, 10. Whitehouse, 1\11'5 M., 16 Ranelagh Ayenue, Barnes, London, 8.\\'.13. Whiting, Miss M. M., Rosemary cottage, Blythbul'gh, HaleswOl'th, Suffolk. Wickham, Miss C., EcUngton Rouse, near Bridgwater, Somerset. Willdnson, J. S., 26 GoIder's Rise, Rendon, London, N.W.ilI. Wilkinson, Rev. L. G. W., B.D., B.A., Bani{d"ale Lodge., Moffat, Dumil'ics. Willan, Mrs Hug-h, Bridges, Teffant, Salisbury, Wilts.

J Willan, Miss 'l'essa, 45 Wingfield Road, Whitcimrch, Cardiff, Glalll. Williams, E. G., M.A., F.R.I.C., 10 Glan Aber Park, Hough Green, Chester. Wi11iams, 1. A., F.L.S .. F·.Z.S., West Hall, Kew Gal'u.ens, Richmond, Surrey. Williallls, J. E. Miles, M.A., F.L.S., :[l! Pari{ m.vi Boad, GlouccMcr.

J Williams, L. H., H.Sc., 31 Armour Road, Tilehurst, Reading, Berks. Williams, Rev. M. L., B Bedford noad, Horsham, Sussex. Williams Dr R. J'., Bryn Adda, Port Dinorwic, Gaernal'vonshiJ'e Williams, Dr W. B., 59 Station Road, Portslade, SUSSf'x. Williams, Dr W. T., Bolany Department, BedIo.rd College for Women, LOB"

don, N.W.L . J Wilson, Miss B. A., 3 l{ingsway, E:well, SUl'l'ey.

Wilson, L. W., 4 Pembroi{8 Avenue, Margate, Hent. wood, Miss A. F., The cottage, Hedsor Pari(, Bourne End, Buci{s. '''oodhead, J. K, :8.Sc., F.1.C., Ph.C., 325 KenIlingtoIl lloacl, London, S.E."11. Woostf'Jl" K R., The Hawthol'l1s, i?otmans Lane, LunsIol'd Cross, Bexhill .

. Sussex. Wright, 1\1rs A. G., Aldllam Hall, noor Colchester, Essex.

L Wrigllt, Dl' F. H. Elliston, Braunton, nea.r Barnstaple, N. Devon Yea-, P. Ji'"., ~3 Pa.l'i{. Road, Haml)tDn Hill, Haml)ton, Middles-ex. Yeoman, Miss Ruth, The Green, BrOml)tOIJ, NOl'thallel'ton, Yorks.

S York Public Libm.ry, City of, York, Young, H.ev. Andrew, stonegate, '1'unb.rldge Wells, Kent. Young, B., ]ldagclale.n CoHegc-, Oxlorcl. Young, Miss B. M., D.Se. (Hort.), N.D.H.·, The Glen, IUel{manSW,1rth, Herts Young, Donald P., 13.Sc., Ph.D., A.R.I.C., ., Green woods," 3 Essendon Road

Sanderstead, Surrey. L Young, Miss Gertl'ud·e A., 5 WnolllancJs 'rerrace, Glasgow, C.3.

SUMMARY OF THE ABOVE MEMBERS/lIP LIST.

Honorary Members Life Members Ordinary Membcrll Junio·l' Members Family Mombers Subscriber Membel's

To-tal Membership

19 20

478 M 3

80

'41

Changes of address and any corl'ectilms or additions should be notified to the Hon. Assistant Secl"ctary, .Mr W. R. Price, 64 Elswol'thy Road, London, N.W.::!

•

J\{I;.:rP'J'F,S OF ANNTTAT. GRNF.RAT, MRF.TINH, ~O'rH ]\'l'AROR 1950 2]

MINUTES OF THE ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING, 30th, March 1950

The Annual General Meeting was held in the Rooms or the I~innean Soeiety, Burlington Ho,nse, Piccadilly, London, on 30th March 19.50, at 5.30 p.m.

The President was in the Chair and 51 members were present. At the outset. the President referred to the sad losses the Society had

sustained in the, deaths of Mr. E. G, Baker,' Mrs.. T. J. Foggitt and Mr. A. J'. ,\Vilmott. Mr. Baker, he said, was one of our oldest members and a much valued one; in his Will he had left to our Society, a portrait of his father, which was to he hung, suitable inscribed, on loan in the Rooms ,of the J"innean Society, by pennissiol1 of their Council. Mrs. Foggitt was also an old and yery actiyc, member, whom Council had intended to nominate an Honorary Member. Mr. A. J'. vVilmott the President described as the "lynch-pin" of the Society and of 'British Dotany for very many years, and his death \vas a grE\at loss, not only to the Society, but to all British Botanist,s. The Meeting stood for a minute in respect to their memories.

rl'he' Honorary General Socretary read the Minutes of the last Annual General Mee,ting. These weTe approved and signed.

HONORAR,Y GElNlimAL 8E'C'R,EIl'ARY'S RM"ORT.

The Honorary General Secretary's Report had lleon circnlated. Pr()f. T. G. Tutin proposed, and Mr. A. H. G. Alston seconded, that the H.e­port he adopted. Carried.

HONORARY TREASURER'S REJ'ORT,

The 'Honorary rrreasurer's Report had been circnlated. Mr. G. M. Ash asked why we had tOo appeal to the Roya1 Society for a grant. The Honorary Treasurer replied that application was made because lFat­sonia at present inv,ohed a heayy financial loss, owing to the gl'e-ateT cost of printing our periodical in parts, and the rising costs of print.ing generally. The Honorary Editor sai.d that. the Roya1 Soclety asks an­nually fnr applications from scientific societies for help with their pub~ lications. ':Phe Honorary General Secretary said that leaflets advert.is­ing TVatsonia had gone ant to various parts of the World, and exten~ sively to. North and South America. Mr. Ash thought it was not a cheerful Report. I_rho President said tbat the comi.ng year would be a critical one; if membership and the circulation of vVatsonia could be increased, the Society's position would be much improved. In reply to a question, tho Honorary Tl'easurer said that some advertisements had gone into Tl7atsonia, but had not produced much return. Prof. T. G. Tutin said that, to keep Watsonia going, it was up to' all mem­bcrs to. find new members. Mr. S. M. Walters proposed, and Miss Vivian seconded, that the Honol'ar,Y fl'1'0I1S11rel"S Report be adopted. Carriod.

22 MINUTER Oli' ANNlTAI> GENERAL M.lm~~ING, 30'fn J\fARon 1950

HONORARY EDI'l'OR'S REPORT.

The Honorary Editor's Report had been circulate'd. The Honorary Editor said that there had been some delay over Watsonia, Vol. I, part 5, owing tn the pr'epuration of the late Mr, Wilmott's "Plant Notes", Mr. F. l~ose suggested greater 'width of text. The Honorary Editor said that this, would he considered, Mr. J, P. M. Brenan pro­posed, and Dr. D. p, Young seconded, that the Honorary Editor's Report 'be adopted. Oarried,

HONORARY F~nH,D SE,CItETARY'S R~J>on.T,

The Honorary Field Secretary's Report had been rirculated. Mr. R. A, Graham proposed, and Ml'. D. H. Kent seconded, that t,he Heport be adopted. Carried.

The President thanked aH Officers for their work done dndng the year.

ELECTION OF OFFIDERS.

ELEOTION OF PRESIDENT.

The PTcsident vacatod the Chair, which WB,S oCf'upiec1 by Mr. A. H. G, Alston. Mr, Alston said that Mr. J. S. JJ. Gilmour had been nominated by Council for re-election ns president for 1950, This all­nouneament was gree,tec1 ... vith much appla.uso, and Ml' Oilmonr was unanimously re-elected President.. Mr. Gilmollr re-occupied the Chair and thanked the Meeting for tJl8- honour done him. Hc said that it wn,s a pleasure to- him to' preside over this Society o,f TIritish botanists; he would be happy to dOl so for onc more year, bnt tllOHght that the Socie~j'.v Khnuld look for another PresidE'nt afte!' that perriocl.

ELECTION ,OrIi' VWE .... PR"ElISIDEINTS.

The President thon announced that the1'e wore two Vice~President!'l to be elected. Council had nominated Mr, A. H. G. Alston and Miss M, S. Camp belL The President said that at the last Council Meeting Miss CampbeU had sent in a Memorandum on the wo,rk and position of the Honorary General Secretary in relation to her own position. She felt ,that she had too much work to do-, and that she cquld not continue without certain alterations in the arrangements of her Office,. She' sug~ gested (i) the appointment of a sE>cond Assistant Secretary, (ii) the re­organisation of the- arrangements for sending out pUblications from Oxford, and (iii) tile appo-intment of an Advertisement ManageT. Ooun~ cil had accepted (ii) and (iii), but not (i») as they felt thati this altera­tion would unnecessary complicate-the work of the Society. Under these circumstances Miss Campbell felt that she could not continue as, Honor­ary Gene,al Secretary) and Council had therefore nominated Mr, J. E. Lousloy and Mr. E. L. Swann as Honorary General Secretary and Honorary Tre'asurer respectively. The Council. also- nominated Mi5::; Cam'pbell as an Honnrary Member. '1'he Prosident continued that the Council especially 'wished to say how very much they appreciated the work that Mi.ss Campbell had done, The nomination or Honorary Mem-

MINF~L'F.S OF ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING J 3D'rH MAROH 1950 23

be,rship was a mark ,of their gratitude and esteem faT everything she had done for over twO' years, and it, was hoped that she would continue to help the Society in future. Miss Campbell replied:-

" Ml' PreSident, Memllers of the B.S.B.I.~Ladies and Gentlemen~I am quite overcome by the laudatory l'emarl,s that have IJeen made, and thanI, you tor them. When I wrote my Annual Report, I diel not lmow that I should be addressing you for the last time·, or' I would hav'8 added a nnte of farewell. I should lili:e you to know that until recently my worl, for t11e SOCiety has given me gre,at pleasure, and throug'hout I 1mve felt your sympathy and interest. 1 want to thanl, you fOI!' all your many kindnesses, ana to assure you t11at you have never' added to my difficulties, and that it has always, been a pleasure, to receive· YOUl' lett.€'rs a.nd to meet so many of you. I should lil,e to thinll that, although I shall no longer receive or anSWC'I" your letters, ou)' acquaintance is not a passing onc, and Hmt I may number' you among my friencls, though offi­clally I bid yoU good-bye.. "

Mr. Alston and Miss' Campbell were then unanimously elected Vice­Presidents.

Er,EOTION OF HONORARY GElNImAL SEICRF.TARY AND HONO'RAR,Y TREASURER.

The President stated that Mr. J. E. Lousley and Mr. E. L. Swann were nominated for the Offices of Honorary Genet:al Secretary and Honorary Treasurer respectively. " Mr Lousley then-read the following sta temen t : -

" The. wori, of Treasurer DJ this society has occupied much of my leisure for the past nine years, and I cannot help feeLng' that it would ])e morc> a.PP1'opl'late to turn my attention to private botanical wOI'I" which bas long been put on on" side, rather than to und.ertalm Office in another capacity. In agreeing to nomin· alion I am satisfying no pewsonal ambit:ons, fOT my Ortrlce of Treasurel' has enabled me to partlclpalf\ (ully i.n all branches 0·1 onr actiyiti.es-indeed at one timo DJ' another I have carried out wo'rl, now undertalcen by most other Officers,

"The retiring Secretary has presented a Memorrandum to. Council stating that thero' is 'fal' ion much work for an Hono:l'ul'y Secretary to cope with '. In these circumstances I have. accepteu. the Council's nomination with some trepida­tion, ,fOol' I am engaged during the day on other exacting duties, and it is only in the evenings that I am fl'ee to tll1'n my attentlon to the Society's aHaiI's. If there is anyone better 'qualified in 1hese respecLS, and available, I should be very ready to stand do,wn in t.heil' favour. If, llowe,ver, the members still feel that they would wish to elect mc' as Honorary General Seeretary, I shall be, pleased to do my best tD' carry out my ne'N dutles with the help and support of t\\0 OIDcers nnll C()l1ncll."

The, President said that an were veTy grateful to Mr. Lousley and to Mr. Swann for undertaking these burdens.

Mr. Ash thought that the- reasons given for Miss C'ampbell's wish not being granted wore inadequate, and that more help could have been given her. He wished to protest at the decisio:t;t, and said that the situ­ation was IItragic", as, unless· they were careful, the Society would Jose all its Officers. The President rep lied that Council had discussed the matter thoroughly~ and their decision (stated above) had been come to with regret.

Mr. J.Jousley and Mr. Swann, proposed by Pro£. Tutin and seconded by Mr. Alstou, were then elected Honorary General Secretary and Honorary Treasurer respectivoly. M. S. GAMPBELJ,.

24 MINUTES OF ANKUAL GENERAL MEETING, 30TH MARCH 1950

ELECTION OF HONORARY .EDI'l'OR AND HONORARY FIELD SECRETARY.

Dr. E. F. Warburg and Dr. J. G. Dony 'were re-elected Honorary Editor and Honorary Field SecretiLry respectively, on the proposition or Mr. R. A. Graham, seconded by Mr. A. H. G. Alston.

E'LECTION OF FIVE MElIBEItS OF G01),NCIJ~.

The following 'were five· nominations for members of Council :-]\·11'. G. M. Ash, Mr. J. F. G. Chapple, Mr. D. H. Kent, Mr. J. E. Raven and Miss G. M. Rob. 9n. the proposition of Dr. 'Varhul'g, seconded by Prof. Tutin, the a.bove five members \vere elected.

EI,Em'ION. OF T'wo HONORARY MFJM'BERS.

The President then said that there were two nominations for Honor~ ary Membership, Miss M. S. Campbel1 and Lady Davy. Of Miss Camp~ bell he had already spoken. Lady Davy was one of our Holdest" and keenest members, and it, would be a pleasure to hononr her for all the work she· had done. On the proposal of Mr. Ash, seconded hy Dr. 'War~ burg, both members were· unanimously elected.

ANY O'fHER BUSINESS.

Dr. Dony announced that· there were. still a few vacancies for the Qnendnn Meeting. He also sa.id that he· had so far received only eight applications for the Manchester Meeting', and it was urgent that more should apply.

Iv!iss Oampbe.Il stated that it had not so far been possihle to fix a date fo·l' the official transplanting of Schoenus /erru9i;n.cus, as the water le,Yel in Loch T'ummeJ had been raised tempora.rily at short llntice. Dr. Berry had se.nt a representative. who moved a numbe·r of plants to tho new site. It was expected that the watEfr would be drawn off before the le·vel of the Loch was raised to· its ne,w height permanently, and she would give no·tice. of further arrangoments as soon as possibie t.o those members who had offered to he,Ip in the removal of plants.

Mr. Rose suggested tha.t there should be, R.egional Secretaries who might take some of the work ofT the Secretary in. such matters .as excur~ sions and conservation of local l1Ia,nts. Miss CampbeU stated .tJ1ai{ such duties were· already nnclea·taken by Local Secretaries and/or Recorders.

'l'he Pre.sident thanked members who had attended and hoped that they would all have a successful year and be a.hIe to report progress at the ond of it. .

Mr. Ash thanked the President for presiding. A vo,to of thanks was passed to the Linnean Society for the use of

thoir rooms. J. E. IJ. w. R. P.

ANNUAl, GJ<:NIULt\L ;r,£EE'I'ING, 1.4TH APRIT .. 1951 25

ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING, 14th' April 1951

'1'he Annual General ]\treeting was held in the Rooms of the Linnean Society, Burlington House, Piccadilly, at 2.15 p.m.) on 14th April 1951.

I).'he President, l\-[r. J, S. Gilmoul', was in the Chair and 80 members were present.

The Minutes of the last Annual Genera~ Mee.ting were read and con­firmed.

The Reports for the year 1950 of the Honorary GeneTal Secretary, the Honorary Treasurer, the Honorary Editor and the Honorary Field Secretary, which had been cil'eulated, were adopted.

r.rhe President expressed his thanks and the thanks of the meeting to the Officers and Committees who had worked so hard during 19'50, and noted wi.th ,satisfaction tho much hetter financial po,sition in which the Society now found itself compared with a year fLgO.

AUl'ERNl'ION Dill' RUL,ES : -The following alterations of Rules were. pro­posed :-

Rule 3 (a.), for "one or more Vicc-Pre'siclents .. ." read "not more than four Vice-Presidents". Rule 3 (d), substitute "'rhe Pre~ident and Vice-Presidents shall be elected to SOl'VEl for a term of two years anCl shall not be eligible to serve for a period of mOl'e than four consecutive years; the othe,r Officers shall be re­elected annually and shall bo eligible for lie-election each year. Nominations for Officm's shall be mac1e by the Council for electio'Il at the Annual GeneJ'al Meeting". Rule 3 (e), subsWute "The elected members ,of the Council shall be elected at the Annual General Meeting; '£O'll1' of the elected memb81's slmll r'O'tiJ'e every yem' by rotation in (lram,' 0{ ~0niority; the seniOl'ity of m,em'be1's to' be de­terminerl by drawing lots, at the time of their olection. Retiring members shall not be' eLigible for re-dcclio.o until the next Annual Genoml Meeting". Rule' 19, delete, last senteneo. Hule 23 (a), delete- last sentence and substitute <"rhe Honol'al'Y General Secr'etar'Y, in consultation with the President, may, if neces­sary, call a meeting of tlie Council without notice immoclla(".ely after the Annual General Mee,ung". Rule 23 (c), after <'The, Council may" in line 1, add' p,ad1 yeaJ'''.

All the altera.tions 'were ('ftl'l'ied unanimously.

E,T,EUTION ox.' OFFIOE-RS :--Presirlent-Mr. Gilmoul' expressed his grati­fication and pleasure at, havj,ng presided oever the, Society during a tiTue when we, had made so- much progress. He t.hanked all Officers, Commit­tees and members for all their help and wished the Society the best of luck in the futUl'e. Canon C. E. Raven had been nominated by Council [or the post of Pl'esident of the Soc~ety for 19151, and he had great pleasure in proposing him, adding "We could have no more fitting Pre­sident". Canon Haven was elected unanimously with applause. He then occupied the Chair and expresscd great pleasure at the honour done hi.m j he feH somowhat overwhelmed, but hoped to bc, able to help the Society to continne in its (,OlHse of s1ICcessful development and expan­SI011.

26 AN:N"rAT, GRNF.RAJ .. :M]IETING, 14TH APRIL 1951

Vice-P?·esidents-Dr .. R. W. Butcher, Mr. J. F. G. Chapple and Mr. J. S, L. Gilmour had' been nominated and 'were unanimously elected,

Honom.ry Generaf SeC1'etary) Honora.ry Treasure?', Honorarr11 Editor and R'onorar11 li'1:eld 8'ec1'C'tan/-1Hr. J. E. Lousley; Mr. E. L. Sw-ann, Dr. E .. F. Warburg and Dr. J. G. Dony, who had been nominated, were Ulumimously re-elected to these posts respectively.

AI embers- of Council-----There- were six vacancies. Eight nominationR had been 1'8ceived. On a ballot being taken, the foIlowing we)I'S eleeted : -l\h. R. D. Meilde, Dr. n~ H. Valentine" ProL n. A. vVebb, Dr. ,T. Heslop-Harrisoll, Dr. 11" C. L. Burgess and Mr. E. Milne-Hedhead. Their ·order of seniority for retirement is as above,.

:bjLl11CTION O'F HONORARY MElMTIEHs-C'ouncil recommended the follnw~ ing: Dr. R. 'Lloyu Praeger, :Mr. W. C. R. Watson fme! Dr. 'fr. A. W. Kl008, Jr. These were 'uIl[1nimously elected.

ANY O'rnIm BUSINF,Ss-Mr. G. M. Ash made a short speech saying he was SUTe the meeting felt that, before his departure, tJle thanks of all mombers should he expressed to Mr Gilmour for all his patience, tact and efficiency which had inspired such great confidence, and had so greatly helped on the sHcccssful development of the Society. Applause. 'l'hanks were also expressed; to the two r,etiring Vjce~Presidents.

The President expressed the warm gratitude of members to the. lec~ tnrers in the morning, and to the I .. innean Sor-iety for the, use of thoir rooms.

OFFICERS' n.EPOnTS FOn, 1D50 27

OFFICERS' REPORTS FOR ,1950

HONORARY GENERAL SEOl1ETAl1Y'S REPORT FOR 1950.

(This report covers the period January to March, 1950, when Miss M. S. Campbell was Hon. General $ecretary, in addition to the re­mainder of the year during whi.ch I se.rved in that oapacity.)

During the' first quarter of 1950 the outstanding aotivity of the Society was prepa,ration for the Conference on 11 Aims and Methods in the Study of the Distribution of British Plants n which was held on March 31st and April 1st. rrhis, our second Conference, was attended by some 140 members and guests and the pa-pers and discussions attained a high standard. A Report has been edited wibh a view to early publica­tion. Professor A. R. Clapham's proposal' that con!)ideration should be given to the preparation and publication of a sHries of distribution maps 'of the British Flo'ra was, discussed by the Council at their meet­ing on May 11th and a Committee, was appointed to consider how it

·could he implemented, A particularly p.leas,ing feature of the Confer­ence was the participation nf foreign bo,tunists, 'We are grateful to an those who assisted with the arrangements and especially to Dr J, G. Dony who carried out the general organisation and to Mr W. n.- Price who undertook much of the laborious secretarial wO'd:.

ThH same two officers were mainly responsible for the very success­ful Exhihition Meeting which was attended hy no members and friend.s on Novemher 26th. At both functions it was evident that the propor­tion 0.£ young botanists attending anI' meetings is increasing-a :\i(m­deney which augurs well for the future nf the- Society.

A very gra.tifying aspect of our affairs in 1950 has been an increase in memhership unprecedented in the hi~tory of the Society. During tlle" year 0111' membership increased from 498* to 602. As we had talcen the opportunity of cOl'recting a long fitanding anomaly which re,sulted in a deduction of 6 from the membership total (see Assistant Secre­tary's HHport below), this was an actual net gain of llD-which com­pares with 12 fnr 1949, and 22 for 1948. A substantial part of this very satisfactory- increafie is due to the activities of the Advertising Com­mittee appointed in May, They have sent ont a total of 1568 circulars (706 to individuals and 862 to institutions) and in addition over 1500 leaflets have been circulated with copies of the .Musc'Ul/1!-s Journal and '1'm,nsa,ciions of the British Bryological Society, for which we must ex­press our appreciat,ion of the kind co-operation of their editors. Be­sides the increase in membership this campaign has resulted in 12 addi­tional standing orders for our pnblications through booksellers, It is still much too early to judge what the total response will. be, but there

*Corrected from 4!J7 in the 1949 Report.

28 OFFICTmA' nEPOR'l'i'\ FOR 195()

is no doubt that by introducing Watsonia to libraries and individual botanists on a wide scale the Advertising Committee have re.ndered a ntlnahle service which was overdue.

In addition to the source mentioned, many new members have been added through the pe.rsonal recommendation of those already subscrib~ ing to the Society. It callnot be said too often that the pre.sent level of lHlblications and other activities can only be maintained in the face of dsing costs if our membership increases to an economic level. It is hoped that e.very member will assist by introducing friends to the Society--to the mntual advantage of those friends and the Society.

The Field Meetings, with the except,ion of the one to QuendonJ have not been quite so well attended this year. Nevertheless they have been chara.eterised by- an exceptionally strong spirit of co-operation and have proveu quite as instructive and enjoyable as those of past years.

On1' pUblicatinns have heen issued regularly and the first volume of Watsonia was concluded with the issue of Part VI with index and title­page. Dr Warbui'g is to 'be -very warmly congratulated on having maintained the scientific standard of our journal which is now well on its way to establishing a high reputation. We are grateful to the 11o,yul So-ciety for a grant of £200 towa,rds the cost of WatS'onia.

During the year the Society has taken an active part in measures directed towards the conservation of the British flora. We have mado representations in connection with threats to Orchis sirnia, Upper Tees­dale, Newhol'ough:Wal'l'en and other areas. Following rL suggestion com­municated tn the Oonforenoe by Capt. Oyril Diver, Director-General of the Nature Conservancy, the Society has entered into close colla­horation with his official organisation and it is anticipated that this will prove an important step in furthering our object of the consena­tion of the British flora.

My own field work included a visit to Yorkshire in May· when I was able to discuss the threat to Upper Teesc1ale from the extension of the tank range at War cop with local residents inte,rested in protecting the rare plants that grow there. In July, I visited Unst, Yell and Main­land in the Shetlands and was able to see nine, of the ten special All)estria hawk-weeds. A fortnight in August wa,s spent in the Channel Isles and many interesting pbnts were seen in Guernsey, Alderney, Sark and ReI'm.

The report of the Hon. Genel'al Secretary for 1949 included special reference to the valuable help given to the, Society by Mr A. J. Wilmott, who died suddenly on January 27th this year. His death is the most s8rio11s loss of an ont13tand,ing supporter wht.ch the Society has suffered for many years. A full obituary notice will appeal' in the next number of Watsonia but I should like tOo 'take this opportunity of saying how much his presence and help has been missed during the past year.

During 1950 the Society was kimlly represented at the, meeting of the British Association at Birmingham by Dr R. C. L. BUl'ges, at the Shenth International Hotanioal Congress at Stockholm by 1\111' S. M.

(U'l"lClm:,;' ltJU'Ult'l'1:; J!'tllt HJ:3D 2\)

\Valtel'S, and at the Alpi.ne J~xcul'sion of the Societe Botallique de J.!'l'auee by Miss M. S. Campbell. Messrs R. Graham and. W. R. Price have made' special journeys in connection with our work on conservation.

It is impossible to name individually all the people who have been so generous in assisting the' Society during the year but I should like to express lJ01'sonal thanks especinJly to the fonowing: -the President, Mr J. S. L. Gilmour, for his endless patience and tact in dealing with difficult problems; to the Hon. Treasurel', NIr El. L.. Swanl1, whose duties have increased in proportion to the decrease in his financial anxieties with the improvement in OUl' membership figures; to the Hon. Editor, Dr E. F. Warburg, and the Hon. Field Secretary, Dr J. G. Dony, al­ready mentioned; and to the Hon. AS8istant Secretary, Mr W. It. Price, fo1' relieving. me of much detail work. In addition I should like to thank all members of Couneil for their support of the Society and for maintaining sHoh an excellent r~c01'd' of attendances on the five occasions the Council has met during the yea!'.

J. E. Lou8LEY. December 31st, 1950.

ASSIS~'AN'l' SEOHETARY'S REPORT FOR 1950.

Dming 1950, 129 new members joined the Socie,ty, this being 83 more than in the previous year. '1'he fonowing are the monthly totals of new memborfl :-Jan. 4, Feb. 14, March 9, April 7, May 7, June 6, July 6, Aug. 5, Sept. 11, Oct. 27, Nov. 16, Dec. 17. New members as a result of the work of the Advertising Committee started to come in in Sep­temher. Of the new members, 101 were Ordinary Members, 22 Sub­scriber Members, 5 Junior M~mbers and 1 Fa.mily Member.

Losses totalled 25: seven members resigned; we lost eight by death, three ceased to be members under Rule 6 (d), six fOl'eigl1 insti­tutions were remo-ved from the Honorary Members I,ist and put on the Exchange List, and one member was transferred to the Standing Orders List (neither of these lists ·are, included in the List of Members).

'fotal Membership at 31st December 1950 was 602, this being 104 11101'8 than in the previous December.

We deeply regret having to record the deaths of the following:­I.J. A. W. BUl'der, The Duke of Deyonshire, Pro£. M. L. Fernald CHon. Mmuber), M. C. A. Foster) Miss M. Garner-Richards, B. E. Living­stone (Hon. Member), Miss M. Taylor, and A. J. Wilmott (Hon. Member).

New Ordin,ary ]\'fombel's are: -E. S. Andrew, Mrs A. Bolitho, R. A. Boniface, Miss V. M. Boon, M. Borrill, R. A. Boyd, Miss O. E. Brett, P. ·D. Broad, J. M. Druce, C. J'. Drnxner, J. R. Cadman, Dr E. O. Callen, O. P. Castell, Dr V. H. Chambers, Dr 8. E. Chandler, Lt.-Col. J; Codrington, T. G. O'olle,tt, C. S. Colman, D. E. Coombe, Miss F. E.

30 Oli'l~'lUE1t::-;) ItEl'Ult'l'l:; 1,'Olt H)50

Crackles, H. 'V. David, H. D, DE vies, M1'8 M. L,. Davis, Capt. C, Diver, A. J. Dodd, Dr A. G. Erith, W. E. Farenden, J. C. Gardiner, Mrs G. ~L Gibson, Dr H. GilLert-()arter, Dl' M. B. E. Gochopal'd, Miss V. Gordon, F. C. C. Gough, :M1's H. Cough, P. Greenfield, Miss C. Gurney, M, K. Hanson, Miss 1. R. G. Hart, Rev. D. M. Heath, Ian H~pbul'n) F. N. Hepper, A, C. HSl'rick, V. H. Heywood, R. Howal'th, Ml's M. S. Hunter, J. H. Jame8on, I" N, Kidc1, Dr II'. A. W. KIoGs, Jr., J. H. Lavender, G. H. M. Lawrence, )irs K. H. Le Sueu!') G. A. Matthews, Capt. A. J. Maudslay, D. N. McVean, P. H. Meadows, Miss E. M. Medwin J Miss C. J.D. Metcal£e, Miss M. E. Milward, P. J. Newbould, P. M. Newsy, Miss M. Norton, Dr D. Patton, p, B. Pitman, D. L. H. Porter, M. C. F. Proctor, Miss J. P. Pugh, It. C. Readett, J. Richard;. son, A. G. Robertson, A.. J. Hook, Miss E. M. Rosser, Dr S. P. Row­lands, H. Rowntree, Mrs B. H. 8, RusseU, n, E. Sandell, Mrs N. Saunders, R. P. Scase, Miss M. A. R, S. Scholey, E. Sco-tt, Lt.-Col. F, H. Simpson, D. C. Smith, 1\1:1'8 M. Southwell, A. W. Spillett, H. Sponner, 'V. H. Spreadb1l1'Y, Mrs R, M. S.worder, Sir A. G. Tansley, Mrs 8. E. Taylor, Miss M. L rretley) W. L. Theobald, D. Walker, R. Wa-berfieM, Dr E. V. Wa-bson) G. E. West, F. 'White, Mrs M. White~ house, Dr n. J. Williams, K. I-t. "Tooster, Mrs A. G. Wright, B, Young and Miss .n. M. Young. I

New Junior Members a,re:~M. R. Chandler, B. E. Collins; A. C. Jermy, M.iss T. Willan and Miss B. A.. \ViIBon.

New Family' Member: -Mrs J. Farenden. New Subscriber Members are: -Birmingham University, British

Empire Naturalists' Associatio-n). Ja,rdin Botanique. (Brussels), Cali­fornia Academy of SciencGs, GrasslanJ Research Station (Dray ton), Groningen Univorsity, Islington Public Libraries, King's College (New~ castle), Maidstone Corporation Museum) Nature Conserva,ncy (J~dlll­burgh), Nature Conservancy (London), Oldham Central Public Library, Ottawa National Museum, Po-mona College (California), Rohorollgh Library Cl:!}xeter), Royal Itish Academy (Dublin), Rugby Suhool Nat. Hist. Society) Smithsonian Institution (Washington), Southampton University College Library) Swansea University College, Uppsala Kungl. Lantbrukshogskolan, Library of s.tate College (Washington). .

W. R. PltICE. ~e{"ember 31st, 1950.

31

HONORARY TltEASURER'g REPORT FOR 195U.

OENEHAL l?UND.

'1'0 Balance from 1949 £146 18 By Pi-in'Ling Disi'l'ilrutu'I"S " Interest Io,r 1949 on Post i1e'lJU!"l, 1!l4lJ £1l(J 1[i 0

Office Savings Bank ,., 12 4 {} "Receipts from Advertise-

ments 1 15 0 " Su])scriptlons rc.ccived

during the year 589 18 5

£750 15 11

"Notional Interest" trans-ferred to Publications .Fund 10 'l 6

"l-liI'e 01 Rooms for Coun-cil and Committee ]'deet­iugs

, Carriage on portrait of 's, G. nalwr to Linnean

::locicty's Rooms "Postages and Petty Ex-

penses-HOll. Gen. Sec.

(M.S.C.) £8 2 6 Hon. Gen. Sec.

IJ.E.L.) 11 510 Hon. '1;l'easurcr

IJ.E.L.) 6 8 11 Hon. Treasurer

IE.L.S.) 0 0 Hon. Asst. Treas.

IE.L.S.) a 0 0 Hon. gditor 3 0 0 Hon. Assist.

Secretary 8 8 7 Hon. Dislribu-

to, 9

" Cheque Book " Printing Tear Boolf, 1950,

and postagos thereon " Pl'eparing Drawing' of

Victoria regia for Year Book

" Duplicating Minutes of Meetings

" OfIlcel's' Expenses

'J 1<'ire Insurance on Publi-cations, etc. J at Yardley Lodge

" Advertising Campaign ... " Telephones " General Printing Sta-

tionery, etc. " Honorarium to Assistant

Parcelling Publications " 'rl'ansfers-

To Journal Fund £200 To Publications

Fund 100

" Balance

8 0 a

1 10 {}

1,5 14 11 010 0

108 7 3

0

5 9 13 5 0

1 5 0 17 15 , 1 0 6

95 19

1 0 0

aoo 0 0 116 3 9

;£750 15 11

To Balance from 1949 " Transfer from General

Fund Grant from Royal So-ciety Sales of RepOlts and Re-prints

" Balance 01 Miss Trower's FUnd

,TOUR~AL FUND.

£211 15

200 0

200 0 0

89 12

9 11

£711 0 0

By Pl'inting' Watsonia and postages, etc., thel'eon­VoL I, Part IV £"105 14 0

Part V WE> 6 3 Part VI i!J5 5 11

Vat II, Part I (part payment) 75 0 0

"y<raft Packing Paper for use at Yardley Lodge ...

" Cotl'ugated Paper for USB at. Yardley Lodge

" Postages on Parcels from l'ardley Lodge

" Balance

PUBLICATIONS FUND. To Balance from 1949 £405 1 11 ,. Interest. for year on ini-

tial balance at 2~ % (per General Fund) ... ... 10 2 6

"Sal'es of Comit(a F[ora and British Plant List ... 45 15

" Sales of Flora of NOTCn-ants (5 17

" Sales of 1948 Conference Report 23 i!J 10

"Transfer h'om General Fund toward 1950 Confer-ence Report 100 0 0

£501 11 J!

By Binding 62 Copies of Comital Fl01'a

"Binding 12 C{lpleS of Comital Flo'a (mtel'-leaved)

" Balance

FIELD To Balance from 1949

WORK CO~MITTEE'S FUND.

£11 9 0 By Loss on Conference " ProIlt on Field Meetings ... " Profit on Exhibjtion

5 9 8 " Balance

Meeting

To nalance from 11)49

To Balance from i94ll

2 13 11

£19 12 7

LIFE MEMBERS' FUND.

,., £145 12 0 I By

;£~1~';'~1;2~~ !

Balance

MISS THOWER'S FUND.

£9 11 1 By Transfer to Journal Fund toward cost 01 il· lustratlons, Wats01l'la,

£431 2

3 7

5 0

, 2 , 2'10 10 0 ----£711 0 0

£8 10 li

7 16 0 575 5 3

£591 11 9

£El 7

6 1

£19 12 7

.£1<'15 12 0

Vo!. 1, Part VI £9 11

£9 11 1 £911

To llalance from 1949

()li'l"ICEmj~ mH'QIill'R I"on 1950

BENEVOLEN'f FUND.

£41 3 6 By Balance £41 3 6

£413 £4136

BALANCE SHEET as at 31st December 1950. General li'und £,116 3 9 500 National Savings Certifi-Journal Fund 270 19 0 cates at cost £!IOO 0 0 Publications Fund 575 5 ::3 Cash at BanIr 58 12 5 Field Worlr Committee's Deposit with Post Office Sav-

Fund 7 B 1 ings Dank 700 \) 0 Life Members' Fund 145 12 0 llcnnvoleut Fund 41 3 6 Cheques issued but not yet

presented '1 \} 10

£1'159 1 (,

EXamined and found cOl'rect, ,Januarj' 21st, 1951.

£1159 1 5

E L. SWANN, Hon. Treasurer. C. L. COLLENETTE, Hon. Auditor.

The results of the energetic steps which have bee-n taken during the \mel!:. year to bl'ing our Society to the notice of those interested, both in this country and abrnad, a1"8 r,eflected in the great increase of busi­ness transacted. Tha'nks to the r0coril of new members the increase in the income on both the General and Journal Funds is conespond­ingly higher but the gene.ral expenses have also risen to unprecedented fign re."! , [f we are, to carry out our full programme without making inroads on our assets we must be assured of a membership of, at least, 700.

In pUblications member."! haye this year received Wa,tsonia, VoL I, Parts IV, v and VI; a Yea.?' Book; and a copy of the, 1949 Distribu,tor's Report. During the year we spent £563 on these pUblications-three parts of Wa,tsonia, £356; Y ca7' Book, £108; Distributor's Report l £24 -and the balance of £75 has been paid tOl,va-rds the cost of Watson'ia, Vol. I1, Part I.

The combine'cl income of the General and Journal Funds a,mounts to £693 hut the l1Uprecedented figure of £190, for general expenses shows that we must continue to support the campaign for new membe.rs if we are to bridge the gap bet,ween ill-comB' and expenditu]'e Con­siderahle concern is felt at the yery high figure, for general printing and some explanatio'll is necessary. The changes in officers in 1950 brought excoptional demands for new stationery. These have been met and it is hoped they will not recur for some time. The increased activity and drive for new members has resulted in heavy costs for Prospectuses, Rules and Application Forms. These, additional items l coupled with the rapidly rising charges for printing, account for the total printing charge of £96. The increased Postages and Petty Expenses are nnt so alarming. It will be soen that the Hon. Gene.ral Secretary and the Hon, Assistant Secretary have borne the brunt of the increasingly large

.34 O1i'lIIOEltS' R.l!IT'Ult'I'S I"OR 1950

correSllOl1dence. The balance may he attributed to the membership drive and from the increased foreign correspondence now at higher rates. Through an unfortunate chain of circumstances' as a result of which the attendance did not reu;eh the total expected for luncheon during the Conference the Society incurred a loss of £12 48 6d.

It 'will be noticed that the balance of Miss Trower's Fund has been transferred to the Journal Fund tOo help in defraying the costs of illus­trations in Wa:ts'onia, Part VI.

M0111bers will l'eeall that the Publications Fund was originally set up ho accumulate balances from sales of both the Oomital Jj'loTa and the British Plant List earmarked for new editions of these works. As the stock of both books is nQ.w low these balances ar~ likely t9 be re­quired as soon as the necessary revision can be undertaken. Next year it will he necessary to debit this fund with the cost of the Conference Hepod (say £200) but it is expected that sales of t-his and the- earlier COlTlfe,renoo Heport will eventually cover this ,co~t. Onoe again thA Hoyal Society has come to our aid and. made a generous gl'ant of £200 tmva,rds the cost of lVutsonia and this has been credited to the Journal Fund.

The tota.! amount outstanding to the credit of members at the end of the year in respect 0.£ subscriptions paid in advance amounts to £113 18,.

No.-w thab the Society no longer has an Hon. Assistant Treasurer may I ask that members .pay their subscriptions as promptly ,as possible, thus saving, not only the necessity of reminde,rs, but also expenses in sta,tionery and postagoo,

I would like to express my sincere thanks to, Mr J", E. Lousley, the previa-us holder of this office-, for his e,xpert guidance in many ma-[jtel's of finance on -which I have so frequently sought his advice. 'ro Mt· C. J,. Collenette, our HonG-rary Auditor, I would also express my wal'ln thanks for his valuable 'assistano-e with the yea.rly accounts.

December 31st, 1950. ERIO L. SWANN.

REP OUT OF THE HONORARY EDI'rOR FOn 1950.

Threo parts of W(~tsonja appeared during the ye-ar-in January, June and December-thus completing Volume I. rl'he deIaif in the last part was partly due to the Editor's absence in Scandinavia for two months and pa.rtly to the necessity for arranging the lay-out of the Title Page, Index, etc,

Material for Volume Il, Part I, is ill the printer's hands and ganey proofs of some of it have- been received.

The design of the cover continues to receive attention hut 110- final decision has yet been reached.

It is gratifying to report that the advertising campaign initiated by' the Council has produced such satisfactory re,8ults. I would like to thank the members of the Advertising Oommittee for their admirable

IWFIVEItS) ItEl'QIt'l'S pun 1950 35

\V01:k. It would seem tha't the printing of a considerable number of the early parts in addition to those immediately required has been j nstified.

We are also extremely indehted to the Royal Society for increasing their grant to £200. This should enable us to maintain and pe,rhaps improve the standard of Watsonia.

There has been [t certain amollnt of criticism about the contents ~ of lFat.w1t'ia.. It has been suggested that too little is published of in­terest'to our le8s scienti:fically minded members. I should be very glad, 'while maintaining our scientific standard, to publish morG material of this type, but it is, at present, no't coming in. One suggestion that has been made is that accounts of areas of particular interest might be published, I should he glad to receive any such aecounts.

I should aho very mnch welcome contributions to (Plant Notes.' These have become largely a place for recording new aliens-an un­satisfuctol'y state of affairs. Any nute of interest on any aspect of any plant in tho llriti,gh Flora will bH welcome, especially if' the plant is a common one. Communications of a similar character but not on indi~ vidual plant", "",ill also be welcome for inclusion in ' Short Notes.'

Mr J. E. Lousley has kindly conl:>onted to edit the report of the Conferollce held in 1950 and this is now in the hands of the printers.

In conclusi.on I would liko tu thank the members of the, Publications Committee for their continued help and S'upport.

December 31st, 1950. E. F. WARnURG.

HONOHA.RY li'IELD SEGRETARY'S REPORT FOR 1950.

Seyell field meetings wet'e arranged for this year; but one with Man­cheste,r University as headqllarters had to be cancelled as insufficient members applied to a~tolld. rrhe best-attended meeting was the one­day visit to Quendon following the Spring Oonference, when 63 me.rn­hers.and friends attended, The total attendance at an meetings was 1S'I, includi.ng 20 visitors. During the, year 92 members attended meetings.

The meetings which were held were very successful and our thanks ure especially due to the leaders of these' meetings) 'to the Isle of M,an Natural History and Archaeological Society, the Trustees of the Manx Nationa,] Museum, Mr E.. Milne-Redhoad, the official representative, and Mr D. E. AlIen for their help in making the visit to the Isle of Man so enjoyable, to Prof. Eric Ashby and Dr W. O. Howarth who prepared a groat deal in anti.cipation of OUr visit to. Mancheste,r, and to the JJincolnshire Naturalists' Union for their roady co"operation during the visit to North Lincolnshire. lteports of some of the meetings will ap~ peaT in thG' Year Book fOol' 1951 and reports of the rest in subsequent issues,

Seven llloe,tings have been arranged for 1951 and the printed pro­gramme will be in the hands of members in a few days.

36 Ol":\i']Clm.s' I\.EP()1\!l'S FUll 1950

A most Rtlccess£ul conference on ({ Aims and Methods in the Study of the, Distribution of British Plants )) was held on March 31st and April 1st. It "vas 'well attended, a~ \-vas an equally successful Exhibi­tion Meeting, held in No·vember. A great deal of the detail of organisa­tion of both these functions was carried through most efficie,ntly by Mr W. R. Price., Funer reports may be read elsewhere.

DeCember 31st, 1950. J. G. ])ONY.

FIF.r.n 1I'rRRTINGS, 1D4D

FIELD MEETINGS, 1940

PROGRAMME. April 1st-British Museum (Natural History), May 20th to 23rc1-Tannton, May 28th-Birmingham District, ,June llth-Bre·adalbane (Perthshire), June 24th to July 4th-Carlisle and District, July 15th to 19th-West Norfolk. August, 13th-Drank (Godalming). September 17th-Basinogs'boke Canal.

APRIL 1st. BlUTISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY). Leader: Mr A. H. G. ALSTON.

:17

About 30 members of the Society visited the Natural History Museum on 1Rt April, where u special exhibit had been put out in the- General H(wbariu\D.l. The exhibit dealt mainly with the work of the older British hol;anists, and included some letters from John Ray. Dr J. Rams_ hottom, the Keeper of Botany, ma-de an opening speech in which he described the re{'Oove.ry of the Department after the damage done dur­ing the war.

MAY 20th to 23rd. TAUNTON. Leader: Mr E. G, NEAL.

On the. evenil1g of 20th j\fay ,'30 members and 3 guests assembled in the Connty Hotel, rraunton, to meet the leader, Mr E. G. Neal, who, although not a member of 0111' Society, nobly undertook to show us some of the botanically interesting areas ne·at" Taunton.

Well known to some- of us through his classic work on the badger (Meles meles L.), Ml' Neal is an all-round naturalist, and the Society mnst oOIlRider itself fortunate to have had his extensive knowledge of the hotnny and ecology of the district placed at. its disposal.

Both the Vice-President, 1\11' A. H. G. Alston, and the Hon. Gene­ral and Field SeCl'etary, Miss M. S. G'ampbeU, were· present, and the visiting members were introduced to Mr A. D. Hallam, who kindly assisted Mr Neal with the leadership. The programme for the wee·k­end was outlined and the topography and geology as well as the botany of the places to be visited were briefly described.

The following morning, in fine weather, members assembled at the hus station and went some three miles S .. R. of Taunton to the turning· for Thurlbear, a hamlet to the north of the Blackdown Hills. The party then }1l'Oceflaed on foot, first along pleasant lanes, and later up a steep,

FIEJ.D II:rEFlTINGS, 194:9

rather wooded track to the top of a low hill of Lower L,ias. The flora was a typically calcareous one, and many species, distinctly Joral in vice~rounty 5, South Somerset, were observed. t

A list of all the identifiable species of phanerogams and vascnlar cryptogams was made. No particularly rare species was observed, hut members from the north of the country were pleased to see 8orbu.8 tor­mina.lis and Bubia pcngrin.a, whilst TTiscmn albnmt, growing in an ove1'­gro,wn hedge of Crataegus mO'nogllna, is worthy of menti.on. Luz,1Lla x JJorre1'i, the natural hybrid between L. Fm-steTi, and L. pilo,.sa, ,\yas found in some- quantity with both parents in the wond on the summit east of Thm·lbeal'. A strange plant to find with calci~o]e species in a derelict arable field was Melarn-pyr1Mn pratense.

On Saturday evening some of us' walked along the canal towards BathpooI, and found Potam.ogeton. {lensu.s, P. peTjoliatwl and P. CriS1J1tS in great quanti.ty. Oa1'ex Otn~bae and O. 1'iparia val'. am.C'ile<~cen<q were also collected and specimens are in the. Kew Herbarium. Another Potom.ogeton was seen in profusion in the River rranc in the parish of ]3.ishop's Hun Without, but it was not possible to collect material for dete'l'mina tion. .

On Sunday, 22nd May, the party went by coach to visit the famous sand dunes and fo,reshore at Berrow (v,~c, 6). Ml' Nea-l was unable to be present on this day, but the party 'was ably led hy our member, Dl' J, H. Davio, who uame over from Clifton for the day, bringing with him some keen members of the. Clifton College Natural History SoCiety. Dl" Dal'ie had pl'ep,ared an aeconnt of the changes which had taken plac8 in the salt marsh in recent years, largely clue to the spread of the rice­grass, 8pca'ti.na 1'()u;n.~endi. This aeeount, togethe,r with sketch~maps, was distrihuted to all present, thus enabling them to understand more fully the significance of the vege.tation they w,ere to see. T'o those of ns who had not heen to Benow for many years, the abundance of ITippophac Rha.m.nO'id:eS' came as a shock. Where years ago the rich anli interesting sand-dune flora 'was flourishing, now there is a monotonous impenetrable thicket of sea buckthorn. It seems that the spread of ]['ippophae, which ·was slow at first, has recently gained momentum and has now gut completely beyond control, causing serious damago to tho native dune :flora. Tt is hoped that other aro,as of sf1ncl~dnnes around our coasts may c'scape the colonization of Hippophac, and Local Secretaries a.ro asked to inform the General Secretary of any notice­a1)10 increase of this plant on sand-dunes i:g. their areas,

The dune flora of Berrow is well known, and no useful purpose would ho Rel'vod by listing ,the species ohc;erved by the party on this occasion. Suffice it to say that many members were enahled to se,e plants that, they had not seen hefore, and others enjoyed renewing old acquaint~

Ul1ees, Plu1[.tugo /.wrlceolatu var. anthovirid-is was observea on' the

l'noth this locality and that visite'r1 near Rlagdon on llt'lon(lay fall into District lIT, as llsed by Munay. Flont oJ SO'f{l,rJ'8el, p. XX: IHlln.

FIFlT,D MIllETINGS, 1949 39

dunes, growing with vaT. /,a.nceola.tn: whilst a form of Larnium album \vith a pink upper lip to the corolla 'was noticed near Berrow Church. Conditions for botaliizing weTO, however, not particularly good, owing to a strong, cool wind, and later rain turned the party hack towards the w,ad, wheTe the coaches 'weTS waiting. Before an excellent tea, 'which '\-'I'as provided at Burnham, SOllle members of the party examined the salt marshes around the month of the River Bure, whilst others ]laid a short visit to- Brean Down.

On Monday the members and their friends again made llS8 of public transport, which took them to the hamlet of Blagdou, some four miles south of Tannton and on the north slope of the BIlwkdown Hills, and about four llliles from the 'l'lmrlbear 10ca1ities visited on the Saturday. Hero th(j gr-olmd is considerably higher, and as one climbs the escarp­ment one passes f1'011l the alkaline soils of the Lower Lias to the acid soils of the Gl'eensand.. r1'he party visited Pl'ior's Park 'Vood, and, fol­Jowing the track 1lp the yalley, reached Hawk's Moor, where a flora was seen very di.fferent from anything seen on Saturday. 'l"he transition from alkaline· to acid soil was very marke.d, and soon after reaching the Greensand, a most interesting alder wood was seen. In great quantity on the sloping, boggy floor of this wood were magnificent plants of Athyri'lltln filfix-iC1nirla:, and in between was an asso'ciution of Caltka pailt.si1'is, Viola pnJu,stris and Vakriana officina.~'ts. On the drier slopes DnJopter'is J~orrel"i wa.s conspicuous, as were fo~gloves, which had been seen neither lower down nor at Thurlhear. Above, a typical flora of a damp heath was in eyiclence. At, the. lunch interval a he'arty vote of thanks to the Leaders was passed. The party then gradually dispersed, as s·oms. of us had to catch early trains at Taunton. As was to have been expected in this district, no startling discoveries were made, yet n, most enjoyable week-end was spent botanizing in truly delightful country, whilst the arrangements for the meeting, so- admirably planned hy the lender and hi8 helpers, left nothing to be desired. Thanks must he expreBBed to Miss 1\1. MC'Calltl11l "\Vebstel' for the lists of species made hy her during the meeting.

A lis'~ of an the species nf vascular plants noted in the various habi­tatl'i-, both at rl'hnrlbear and Blagdnn, has boen prepared, but owing to edi.tori.al difficultles it has been impossible to publish it here. It is, how­ev('1', hoped that it mdy be published elsewhere.

MAY 28th, BIRMINGHAM DISTRICT, LeadeT: Dr H. C. I •. BUllGES.

Ill. M.-It.

T:he arrangom.ents for this day excursion were carried out by the Bota.nical Section of the Birmingham N aturul History Society. Tho main object of this meeting was to enable Miclland members of the B.S.B.T. to visit, in the compa.ny of local botanists, an in·~eresting

botanieal distl'ict, The well-known Hartlebnry Common was selec~ed, ~

40 FIELD MEmTINGS, 1949

chiefly because, of the large number of sand~loving plants uncomm.on in the Midlands generally which are to he found there in a small circum­s,cribed area, and also because it was of easy access by ca-r from the South and "Vest Midlands. The total number atteuding was 36 1 21 of whom were members of the B.S.B.I. and the remainder were members of the Birmingham Natural History Society. The common was well explo·recl, but no new records were made j this was not surprising over such well-worked ground. There were hundreds of plants of Silen6 conica in its weIl-lmown locality by the roadside, despite the forebod­ings of earlier botanists that road work might soon destroy this Wor­cestershire rarity.

A short visit was paid later in the day to Grimley on Severn, where a few of the more interesting plants of the Severn Vaney were seen. In a pond at Grimley, Pro£. T. G. Tntin demonstrated tu an eager audience all three species of the flote grass, GV1jceria fluitans, p~ic.ata and dedinata. This excursion gave an opportunity for the less experi­{weed local botanists to meet, in the fio1d, bota,nists with an extremely wide and varied knowledge of British botany. I believe that this ex~ cursion was well wOTth while for this reason alone.

R. C. L. ll.

JUNE 11th TO 12th. llREADALllANE. .Leade?'s; Miss M. S. CAM.l>BF,LL and Mr THOMAS POORT~.

The meeting, arranged primarily for Scottish members, took place in the Aberfe.ldy district ,on Saturday, June 11th, with an optionrd Ole{'ond da,y.

The fonowing members took part: ~Mrs Bull, Miss Milne Farquhar­son, Mrs Gihhy, Miss Keunedy, J\IiSfl McCallum-Webster, Mrs Boye! W'::J.,tt, and Messrs W. D. Ogilvie, R. M. T'ayn!8l, M. E,. D. Pool'e, H. G. Watson, and A. J. Wilmott.

We we,re very pleased to }Vslcome a,s guests :-Miss Dunk, Miss Jauncy, Mrs MacBrinn

J Mrs. Ogilvie, Mrs Ponre and Messrs J. Aitken,

J. Crapper, Len Fullerton, D. SpeueG, J. White, J. 'Wood and also Mr rr. Poore, who acted as joint leader.

rfhe exceptionally beautiful day lured all participants to the slopes of Schiehallion, and t.he more gentle' alternative of a walk along the banks of rfay and I,you was ahrmdoned. The party started together from nl-aes of l.f'oBs but was later divjded into groups and u. few people set out to reach the summit.

In spite· of the eaTly date· the early season displayed a n.umber of "alpines" in bloom and otherR in an unusually advanced state. Sax-i~

jraga aizoides, in sheltered plac8B was among the former as was l'o/ieldia paltMtris, freque'llt in flushes aronnd the half-way line. .Rubus Ohamae­moru.s, Epi~obium alpinum and P'o!JJrJ0'fllU,m Vi1)iparuffl. were also seen in flower, as were the purple Viola. C1lfftisii in the grassy slopes below Glengoulandie, whern the walk was arranged to finish. Rosettes of Sa.1Mswrea leave." were seen on tl1(l, north face of the; shoulder cIo-se to a

FIETJD 1>f.EF.'rrNGR. UJ49 41

magnificent patch of Lycopodium ({dI,Hotinum. In the heather leaves of Pyrola, rot'lundifo~i(! were observed and numerous plants of Listera C01'~ dnta in flower. ffea was taken at Coshieville Hotel.

UnfnrtunateJy several people W8T€ unable to stay on for the pleaMnt informal meeting which took place, in the Palace Hotel, Aberfeldy, when Ml' Wilmott examined and discussed the day's finds.

The- optional second day's meeting was arranged 'with the object· of refinding l"hla,spi a/pest're on Ben a' CLuallaich

J not known to' have been

seen there since the collection of the· specimen in the herbarium of the Perth Museum,

On the way to the hill a brief stop was made near Dunalastair to view a wooded slope- earpeted with '11'ientalis ewropaea· in full flower,

The party was (bvided into several groups so' as to cover a,'l much of the hill as possible and to reach 'the widely separated limestone outcrops -the specimen's. label indicating a calcicole- predilection.

Miss McCallum-Webster and Mr D. Spence. wen the lucky ones finding a (',olony '0£ about fifty plants with a few bearing flowers. It is hoped that seed may be collected law for an attempt to grow specimens for comparison with plants from other British and foroign localities.

The meeting may be described as highly successful and fully demon_ strated the nse·fnlnoss of concerted effort, and the Sco-ttish members present expressed the hope that a similat, meeting should become an ann nal event ..

A number of those- coming from a long distance stayed on in the district and saw many of the local spe{'iaJities in fresher condition than at the usual July visits. M.r Ogilvie fonnd a fine specimen of Neottia nid'l~s!..a.vi.~ in Aberfeldy in all old locality! but this species is a rarity in the- Highlands and deserves men·~ion.

The co-operation of Pel'thshire and Angus Naturalists was a very pleasing fe-ature of this· meeting, r:ehanks are expressed to, all who helped and especially to Mr Thomas Poore, Mr D.JlllCan Po ore and Mr 'Wrilmott for very kind assistance- and to. Miss McCallum-\Vebster for making lists of plunts seen on both days. 110' species were noted 011 Schiehallion and 111 on Ben a' Chuallaich, 11 list of the more il1teresting from the latter hill is appended.

THE MORE INTERR811INf} SPECIES SEEN ON BFJN A' CHUALLAIOH, 12th JUNE 194[J.

2/7 Thalictr'um alpi1W11l L. 37/1 Arau'is lvinnda, SCoop. 64/3 Thlaspi a.lpest·re L, 87/2 Heliun.them/nm vulgaTe Oael'tll.

] 88/2 Fmgaria vesca L. 185/155 Rubus Oha.maemo1'us L. S. 189/24 Potentilla Sibbaldi Hall. fil. 190/19 Alchemilla a,~pina L. s. HlOj41J A. filicalll-i.~ Buser. S.

42

199/2 220(13 2~6fl

828/5 617/l 642(3 650/18 715/1 718(21 753(14 753(72 851/3

FIlU,D MRETINGR, "l94fJ

Saxijmga oppositijol,ia L. S. Epilob-ium alpin.wm L. S. Ga.li,1urn bonale L. Gnapharium supinum L, OX'Y'na, digyna Hill. S. Bet'nla nana L. Salix heTbacea J ... l'ofiddia. pa.lu,skis Buds. S, ,Twncu08 triglumis 1.1. S. Darex capiUa'/'is. L. S. 0'. pau.ci/lora Lightf. Aspleniu.m viride Huds.

S=Noted on Schiehallion. Of the rest, a number aro, however, known to occur therc, though there :is, 1 helieve, no TeeOl'cl of oither Tlil'a,~pi alp1estl'e o-r Betula nana-.

M. S. GAMPlnn,L.

JUNE 24th TO JULY 4th. OARLISI"E AND DISTRIOT. J.endrrs: IHiss C. itV. JHuIIUIE.m and Mr J. PARKIN.

T'he follo'wing 23 memhOl's tOQ,k part i.n this excursion, including somo 'who were present for on1y part of the time :-Ml's W. Boyel 'Yatt, Iron. Marjorie Cross, Mrs H. R. Davies, Miss G. H. Day, Miss D. Dnncan, l\'hs J. F. ]!]astwood, Mr 1. VV. ~jvanR, Mrs J. Farquharson, Mi8S L. \V. Frost, Miss E. ,T, Gibhons, Urs A. N. Gibhy, Commander n,. D. Graham, 1\ft's B. Hassall, Mr J. D. Hinde, Miss M. Isaae, Miss M. Knox, Miss B. :fiT. C. Morgan, Miss E. B.awlins, JJac1y Severn, Mr N. D. SimpI;;on, ~:[iss K. C. Stevens., Mr P. Taylol' and Miss 0. '\Vickham. In addition, Ml' n. B. Cooke and Mr G. W, fl'empedey very kindly undertook to guide the excursion in Northmnbm'land, and the party was most grate­inl to the H.ev. J. H. Vine Hull, a non-member, for taking over the leadership on 8t Bees Head and at Nethertown. u'ourteen guests were also presont a"t different times, five of them later joining the Society.

This excursion was arranged with the purp'ose of assisting in work on a ne·\\' Flora. of Cumberland by visiting areas which had been little worked in previa-us years (in particular, district 4 of Hodgson's '[illara) , in search of ne'w records, and to confirm old ones wherever possible, I.ists of plants kno.wIl, or presun:ed to occur in the various localities to be visited, were circulated before the excursion began, and on Friday, 24th June, ffiemben, met in the evenil1g in the Public Library and M'IlSellm, 'TllUie House, Carlisle, for an informal discussion of plans.

In spite, of certain forebodings on the part of both leaders\ ba-sed on tho length of the preceding Si)ell of sunshine, with the exeeption of one rather wet day, the \veatlwr during the whole excursion was quite l'ema-l'kable, dispelling, it is hoped, some earlier impressions thnt rain ill Cmnberland is inevitable.

Sat11lrdall, 25th June. The party left Carlisle at 10 a,m. by bus for We.dholme Flow, a

low'wlying peat-moss between Kirkbride and Wigton, going on to the moss by the- farm of J .. awrenceholme, One of the most characte-ristic plants of the peat mosses at the head of the Solway, Andromcda Poli­folia., had nnfort1111ately finished fl.m,yering, but its abundance was ohviQol1~, D'rosera Totun.d~folia was frequent, and both D, IOl1gifolia and D, am"gliw also seen, and Scirp>us po/ucijlorns WftS collected, a plant not hitherto recorded from this bog, Lunch was eaten in the farmyard of Lawl'enceholme, where the bus had perforce come to rest, after which the pm;ty moved on to Anthorn, on the shores of Moricambe Bay, call­ing at I.ongcroft on the way. Hel'e they wore 'met by Mr Dugdale, who is in charge of bUl'f-cutting operations on the marsh, and shown areas of the celehrated 801way turf, with its constituent flora,

At Anthorn, the narrow fringe of eaU marsh was examined for a shOl"t distance along the coast and Elcocharis 11.m...igI1J..mis and Blys"ln'tLs 7'lt.f1.tS. collected, neither of these previa-usly known from this marsh, and the former being new to t.he county. Litn.on.iumt lW.lrnite, the most abun­dant speeio,') of sea lavender on the coast of Cumberland was scarcely 'in flower, and Oenta.uri1.uln UlrnbeUavnm, 0, littoraJe' and O. pulchellmn were seeu, the latter species new to the area a.nd very fare in tho county, ,Tlli/UJ1J..S mar'itinws was plentiful, and Oarex extenso. and 0, distans 'were growing togethm' in tnrf hy the shore, and t.he sight of several enthusiastic botanists investigating tlle flora of the, salt marsh turf, a,t close quarters, will long he· a most treasured recolledion.

From Anthorn the party had to traverse the aerodrome by bus and car on its ,n1Y to BO'wness on Solway "for tea, a proceeding fonnu to be fra.llght "\vith' difficulty for the uninit,iated. ]J'ortunateJy, however, when almost Ofn the point of sending ont distress 'signals, rGSCUe ap­peared in the shape of a hread vnn, anc1 we left the scene with a cet"w tnin amonnt or 'uigni'by, in convoy, At Bowness .RlIISm1/.s 1'1(./1(S was seen again hy the shore, and Boripp~l' syll)est1'is and 8isymbrium o1'i.en-tule were noted in the village,

Sunday, 26th J1l1ne.

The party left Carlisle by bus at 2 p,m, for NetherbYJ hmOUI> [01'

its collection of trees, walking through the grounds from the first to tho third lodge, pyrola min01' waS' seen near the road and hybrids of Geum Ti!Jaie X 1.L1'batl-1~m.' wel'e particularly a"oundant. Digital'is pU7'plLrea yar. l1mdicanlis was also co.Jlectec1, From Netherby the, party W8-l1t to explore mainly. the Cllmherlanc1 hank of the Lic1del Water at Ponton Lynns, after a picnic teA, by the 1'iver, Here the rive,r forms part of the boundary betweon England and Scotland, flowing through a 'wooded gorge of limostone rock, Valeriana pyrew:cicaJ thol'oughly naturalised in this district, was seen along the banks with Oi.rsium helenioi-des, Oa111-pnn1i1n ru·t-ifolia and Platrlrnthem chloTn.ntha, Mflamp-yrum pmtense \'ft\'. hiuns was thn common form o·f the Rpecies, hut M. syiwltic11m was

FIELD MEE'J'JNdS" 1940

not found, while. Oar'ex 'f("mota, O. sylvatica" O. palZescens and O. laevi~ flu,ta ..,vere abundant, with F'est1!Ca sylvatica. Arabis hirsuta was gr01"­ing all lime,stone. rocks by the river with Asplenium viride, Phyllitis Scolop'end1ri11..m and drifts of Gymrwcarpht,m Dryopteris, and Equiset'l~tn sylvaticum and E. Telmateia in damp plaees of the ·wood. On the Dum­friesshire banl, uf the rh'er .JunC'l!,q ten1lis was found, but not noted on the Onmberland side.

Manday) 27th J1.If11,e. In the morning, the party went by bus to Kirkland, under Cros.'!

Fell, and here divided, some memhers going up Cl'owclnndle, Beck, cross­ing Kirkland Fen and descending by Ardale, wher~ they [bined the rest of the. party who· explorecl the rocks at the head of Ardale. Here there 1S a eonsiderable intrusion of the- basic igneous rocks of the Great Whin­sill in the CarboniferQus limestone of the 01'088 Fell escarpment and it i8 int0resting to note certain plants hero which are usually calcicole in the eounty, on hoth these formations. Thla.~pi alpestre was found on both whinsill rock and the limestone, ..,vith Arenaria 'Verna, while 8wb·iosa Oolthmbm'ia, was abundant on limestone at nearly 2,000 ft., an unusually high altitude for this species, with Sesleria, caerLllea, Helian­thClrw .. m Chamaecistns and Aspleni'lI<111' viride. Epilobiwln alpinum, ill Cnmberland known only on Or088 FeU, was seen, with the more fre­qnent E. alsirdfolium, and Oa1'cx le.piriocOtrpa and O. dcm.isS(l. were collected by Ardule Beck.

:Pl~eS(la1I, 28th J'tmc,. This was the only day on which rain was encountered, and, accord~

ing -to later reports) it appeared mainly to pursue the, Society. For­tunately, owing to the long Rpell of dry weather New~n Reigny Moss, which lies jn a hol101Y on the Carboniferous limestone, was in quite good condition, i.e. not quaking unduly. Ranunculus Lin01ta, now rare in the connty, was Reen in flower, with several interesting Cariees, includ~ ing Care:r, disticha, O. diandra, O. limosa, O. pallescens, O. lasiocarpa and O. rostrata J all growing in considerable quantity. madi'Wl7t lIfaris­r11S, long known from this locality, was not in flower this year, and SchoelwJ'~ nigricans was soon, although more scarce than in former years. A solitary specimen of Epipactis palust7·is was growing near the edge of the moss with TroUiu.-s eu·ropae1£'s, '1'rifolium medium and Gvmnadenia conopsea. The commonest species of Salix seen were S. atrocinerea and S. nig1'icarls, with S. f1'agilis and 8. pentandra and the, hybrid be~ tween them, xS. lIJeyeriana. After a slightly damp picnic lunch, the party proceeded to Greystoke- Park, nearby, and still on the Carboni~ ferons limestone belt. Oeterach officinarum, reported from an exposed seal' of limestone there) was searched for but not seen. On the open moorland, near the roadside Pyrola minor was found) and there wero remnants of Prim'lila fa"rinosa still in flower, a plant which is quite characteristiC' of this limestone country and a beautiful sight sarlieT

,

• in J nue. Ol'chis P1.H'PIM'CUU and hybrius with O. eri,cdo1"um Ivere seell, and by the roadside near N ewshwm cross roads Salix pentandra x jragil'is (x S. M eycriona), S. nig1'icu ne, S. atr'ocinerea X 1t.igricans and S. Oaprca X nigricans (xS. lati,folia) Wel'Cl' collected, IT'rom Greystoke the P~Hty continued by bus to Caldbeck for tea, afterwards visiting the old church and investigating the river, before returning to Carlisle.

IF ednesdlay , JtuJ,.c 29th.

The. party left Carlisle by bus alld car for M.nckle Moss and Crag Lough, in Northumberla.nd (v.-c. 67). At Muckle, Moss, which lies two miles south-east of Crag Lough, led by Mr 1'empedey and 1\'11' Cooke J

the party explored this veTY famous north-country moss, An,dromeda PolijoUO; and Oxycoccus quadripetal'ns, though past flowering, were seen ill considerable q.uantity, with R'hynchospora Q,lba and the very rare Garex pa,1f,PC1'C1tla, a plan'b which was Ilew to the British flora when originally discovered there, The party then went on to explore Crag Lough, On the basaltic crag above the Lough, Lycopodiiwrn Selago and Gryptogramrlw c'l-ispa were seen, wibh Helianthemu.rn. Ohamaecistus car­peting the top of the Wall itself, liippu.ris vulgaris was growing in abundance, at the margins of the Lough, with Equisetu,rn /lu,via,tile, and the following species of Potamogeton were. collected:-P. lucens, P. gTa.mine.l(s, P. alpin'us, p, praelongus, P. obtusi/olius and p, pcctinatus, On the l'eturn journey, a short visit was made to' the limestone roclts of the HiveI' Irthillg above, the Spa Hotel, Gilsland, to see Saxi/mga aizoides in one of its very few Pennine stations, with Asplenium viride and EqJl.isetum 'variegat-um, Ohara aspera v,a.r, subinermis was found in the river, and in the woods below the Hotel Melica nutans and Circaea canadensiB were seen. From Gilsland the party went on to the Bridge Inn at Lanercost, where a delightful and much-needed tea ,vas 'waiting,

'IhursdaYJ 30th ,June. On this day tho remainder of the liarty transferred its headquar­

ters from Carlisle to Gockel'IDonth, visiting Grnne. Point, Skinburness and the Silloth docks and sandhills en 1'oute. On arriying at Skin­burness the party broke up and worked its way by the sandy shoro round the Point, rctnrning by tho marsh, Bra<~s'iceUa monensis was abundant and How spinosissillla, which is very fine he.re, was unfortunately past flowering. CaZ1}steg-ia SoZdaneUct, of ra,ther rare Qoccurrence on this pad of the coast, was seeu, with Euphorbia Paralias, Polygonum Raii and Pa;raphol'is sDrigosu.s< ("LeptuTus fW./ormis") , After a picnic lunch on Grune Point, the party went on tn Sil10th and explored the docks and sandhills there, Before the war, when grain was imported from the Mediterranean fmd N. America, and ballast frequently deposited neal' the docks, a considerable and ever changing population of alien species was to be found, The import oE grain has ceased, however, and thel'e are· left only tllOse species which have established themselves over a

l·'mLD lIIKI£'l'l'N"US, 194.D

veri.od of yeal's. ~11 e(tivago f(j~c{).t([ is abundant in places on the sandhills, and Ambrosia, a'ri'emisii,folia, persists in scattered localities. Sa~via lJCI'­

ticill'a.ta and S. vil'gata were both seen and a long-established mass of E'U.phorbia Esula. Viola. Pesn.eau,i was in fun flower on the sandhills beyond the Convalescent H'ome.

Almost immediately on arrival at Cockermouth that e'loning a most illterer.;titlg plant was founcl-Hurnex scutatu-s, on a wall top near the l'iv()l', and sinee seen in one 01' two places in the town.

P?'i,da-y, 1st .Jl1ll}. The party left OOCke1'llloutL for Buttel'rnere dale in the morning,

(Jlle half walking along the s(uth side, of Cl'ummock Water, through Seale Hill 'Voods, the other going on t.o Gatesga.rth and on to Hay­stacks by the \\Tarnscale path, returning to' Butto,l'mere by the sont.h sido of the lake. T'hal'ictru,m, 1nontarnu,rn and T'. aLpmurn were seen in the gill by the track, with Rubus sClxai'i,lis, a-a,~i'U1'n b01'eale, Oxyria digyma and abundant Al-che,tn'illa all)ina., but -with no sign of the almost mythical A .. conjwu~ta \vhich -was 1'0uul'deu from this area SOllle fifty years ago. Gliyce1'iu aquutica was seen ill '\Vul'l1scale Gill and Lobelia D01'tUWll,1I,U \V<1,:, in flm,vel' in both Buttermere and Crummock, while Durex seroiina awl (). leIJidocWr'pu X dernis,m wore eollected beside Buttel'mel'e. A tlillgle meadow behind the' Fish Hotel provell rieh in speciesl o-f JE'uphm,sia, prouucing E. '/l.,emO?'08v., E. bO?'ealis, E. '//wnJarna and .E. Rost­kOl)i,ana, whi.le E. micmntha watl collected near Cl'nmmook ,Vater and E. cO!~fll,sa f. alb'ida on Haystacks. G-ircaea canadJw.!lis was found in Scale Woods, but no tl'ue U. alp"ina"

Sutw'uuy, 2nd .1-Il/,Y. The VUl'ty went by hus to Kells, and, under the leadership of the

Hey. J. H. Vine Hall walked along the northern end of St Bees Head to Fleswick Ba_y. Perhaps the most interetltlng plant seen was Vie'ia 1:J'Y1vut'im, vaI'. w'Y!.odensa.ta, not previously reenl'ded from Cumberland, and here growing on sa.ndstone cliffs near the quarry. 01'ith­IHUln m(Jritimul'n, Limowiwm /J'i"IWr"VOS'll1n all(I Asplen,i1ltll- ma'f'inurrn -were ~een at .Fleswick Bay, wi-th very luxuriant Sa-molus ValeraQLdi and OU?'ex w.ciensu.. A particularly fine, blue~leaved fescue, Fe.stuca TubT~ vaI'. pruinosa, was l\bl1ndant on the cliffs, with P. Tubra var. gla'uccscwns f. IJH,/Jcsccns, and Lcmna gilJba" new to the county, was found on drip­ving rocks at the entrance to the ba.y.

On returning to Sandwith the party went on to a tarn near Nether­tmvn, along the coast where O;~-YCOCCUll rnac1'Oca1'pUS, a.n American species 'of cranberry, was seen in marshy ground beside the tarn. The L)lant' ,,,'as first l'ecorded by Ml' C. D. Pigott in 194..'-3 and has been re­ported .from Hampshire and Flintshire, the manner of its arrival here ueing a matter for conjectul'e'. It is growing in association with OxycO('­

C'lM quadripet-alus, 111 enyanthes t1'ifo~ia,ta" Peplis Portula and Glyccr';,a /lu.itans. r1'h6 party then continued its rather ha.zardous way by bus, l'eaehing Sella Park for a most welcome tea.

FmLD lIEE'l'lXGS, 11J-J9

Sun(Zuy, 3rc! July,

It had been hoped that SOllle members of the party wOl/lu be able to cli.mb Pilhr Mountain to see Potentilla f'l"uticosa and Saus'8u1'ea alp'iuu in Ro,vel', both ,'e.l'y rare plants in the cOllnty, That day, ho,vev81', ,ve were afflicted with 'a bus of uncertain age, which finally succumbed to it::; infi.rmities) and could proceed no further, near Mockerkin Tal'll. During the enfol'eed delay, however, Gflran'i,tt'Tn pltaeu,m, was seen by the l'oau.sjlle, with Meconops'is camu'I'icu" Oampanula latijolia., and ('ctenwh officinarurn in a wall near the- Tarn, but the Pillal' vroject had to be abandoned owing to lack of -:'ime. On a1'1'iving at Ellnel'dale the party divided, working different sides of the lake, Ut1'ic'I1Janu i,ntermedia and tJ. 1ninor were seon near the marshes at the eastern end) with Spwrounlwm affi1'/.e, lsoetes. Bp. and Nitella opaca. Rurncx (dpill us wa~ soell by the roadside, near Mireside Farm, and 'l'eesda,lia ruu,dica,tl<lis and Seclum :felephium on walls by the lake. LamiulIl GulcobdoloTl, a plant which appeal'S to be near the northern limits of its distribution in Cumbe.rland and the lowlands of Scotland, was seen in Side 'Vouth. 'rhe party at length cOllverged on the Angler's Hotel for tea, returning to Cockel'mouth, where' the excursion officially ended, after a short speoch by Mr N. D. Simpson, proposing a vu'te of thanks tu the leaders for running the, excursion.

The Leader~ would like- to express their very sincere thanks to the authorities of the Ca1'lisle £ublic Library and Mnseum for their support of the meeting; to Sir Fergns Gl'aham, Mr. Macldock and Captain Howard for pel'mission to visit their estates; to Messrs. Blezal'd, R. A. Boyd, Gooke, I-Iinde aud Temperley and the Itev. J. H. Vine Hall for their invaluabJe al>~istance as guides; to un those who have identified material colleded 011 the excursion; and, above all, to the Inembol's of the excursion thenu;elves for their kindness [Lnd unfailing co-operation at all timos, which added so much tn its enjoyment.

o. W. l\1UIltHEAJ),

lU<:()ORDB 1<'OR Y.-C. 7U ADJJl'l'.IONAL 1'0 1'H]D l<'LOR,1 01<' CUMJlJGlLANJJ' (1898).

'rhe nnmbors betwee,n 1 and 4, indicate the botanical districts (see Hodgson, . Fl. a'l1,mu., 18D8); the initials following the rocords are those of the findel's.

Specimens of mo~t of the following are in the Carli.sle Museum; f1ddi­tional plants collected by Mr. N. D. Simpson are in his herbarium and indicated by (S).

6/31 16/1

35/2

J((f}wnGulu,~ Leno1',//vNI,d'i F. Schultz. 2. Anthorll, n.A.B. .-icon,itnrn (lIngl'ic'wrn Stapf. Near the bridge, n, Irthing,

I.anel'cQost, an escape from cultivation, B.M.O,M. B01'1ppa syZvestri,q (L,) Bess. 2. Anthorn j Howness,

LW.E.

48

49/4

76/3

87/2

88/20

88/35

98/5

'103/7 103/8 151/2h

*176/1b

185/

135/

'190(2)/2

190/8

194/26 203/1

225/2

298/1 a08/1

339/3

378/1

439i2

457/2

1"lET,)) l\mJ~'l'INUI') 1£1i.19

8'lsymb1'itlnt o1'ientale L. 2. Silloth docks, previoLll:lly known there, for many years.

IlapistTltrn Tug08lMJl. (L.) All. Yar. alUU1'lUH Host. 2. Sillolh clocks, N.D.S. (8).

llelianthenwl1J, Charnaecistw; Mill. 4. .Limestone 1'ocks, Ardale, Cross Fell,. B .A.B.

Viola Llollrlii Jol'c1. ap. Bor. 4. Roadside near the 3J.'(1 Lodge, Netherby, R,A.B.

Viol'a Pesneau,i L1. & FOllC. 2. Sanc1hilll:! near the Con­valescent Homs, Silloth, P,T.

Lychnis rnW)1'o('(t1'prz B. & It. 2. ltailway siding behind the dock!:>, Sillo,th, O.W.l\L

8ayina ciliata Fr. 2, SiUoth, near the docks, R.A.n. Sagina apetala Ard. 2. 4. Silloth; NetherbY J R.A,B. Onon.is 1'epens -r" var. horrida Lange. 2. Anthorn, U.D. Vicia svl1,atica L. vat·. cOrLdensata Dr. 2. Sandstone

cliffs all St Bees Head, below Quarry Bungalow) N.D.S .

.Hubus scissu-s 'N. '\Vatsoll. Margin of Wedhohtle ]'low) near l:awl'enceholmo, J. Richardsol1. Det. VI[. ,",Vatson.

Bu/)us hebecauUs Such-e. 2. Gl'Ulle Point) Skinbul'ness, N.D.S. (preVio.llsly recorded from this locality).

Aphanes nLiC7'Oca7'Va (Boiss. &; Reut.) Rothm. 2. 8il~ loth) E.J.G.

Alchemilla glabra Neygenf. 1. 4. Duttermere, It.A.D. j limestone rocks, Ardale, Cross Fell, I.W.K

Ilosa rU!70sa rrhunb. 2. Skillburness, N .D.S. Ohrysosplenium alternifoU'I1!nL L. 4. Pel1to~ LynHs,

B.M.C.M. Oircaea canadens1,s Hill. ]. Scales 'Vood, Buttermere,

A.N.G. Asperula od01'ato. L. 4. Pen tOll Lynns, C.W.M. Scabiosa Oolumb(wia L. 4. Limestone rocks, Arclale,

Cross Fell, c. 2,000 ft. Oonfirms a locality sug­gested by the Rev. H. Friend in Hodgson's Flora.

A m.brosia aq·temisiifolio.. L. 2. Silloth, near the docks. It.A.B. Long established in this locality.

Artem,isia Absinthium L. 2. Gnme Point, SkinburnesB, LW.E.

OX!lCOCCtt.s muc7'ocurp'u,s PSI's. 2. T·arn near Nethel'towII. First recorded by Ml' C. D. Pigott in 1943, its o-rigin unknown.

Linwn'i.'u,m hwrnile Mill. 2. Anthorn j Gnuw Point) Skin~ burness. The most frequent species along the Cumberland coast.

478(4

53i(1

*541(lb

545(2

545/5

545/15

545/18

545/19

545(

548(5

549 (3j

566(17

');560/6

618(17 • 628(10

650(2xl ~

G51J(Sx12

650(IOx12

'?27 (4

739(1

745(2 745(3 746(8 747 fl

753(13

49

Centall1'ilW1 pltlchcUwn (S·w.) Dr. 2. Anthorn, U.D" B.l\LC.M., Miss J. HeeleY.JOreed.

~l1irnlaus guttatus DO. 4. 'Liddel \Vater, Pentoll Lynns, J. Richul'clson.

D'igitalis p'llrpwrea L. val'. nrudicuulis Saunclers. 3. \Vedholme Flow, N,D.S,

Euph'J'a.sia horealis Wettst. 1. Ms-adow behind the Fish Hotel, Butterme1'8, C.W.M, Det~ E. F. Warburg.

Eu,phrasia- ncrnoTosa Pers. 1. Meadow behind the Fish Hotel, Buttermere, C.W.M. Det. E. F. Warburg.

E111Jh1'Usia, l1],icranthu. He.ichh. 1. Crummock Water, B.M.C.lVI.

Euphruxia confusa Pngsl. f. atbida, Pugsl. stacks, N.D.S. (S).

1. Hay-

Euphmsi,(J Bos.tkoviana. Hayne. 1. Near Buttermere, N.D.S. (8).

Euphmsia Imonta,na Jord. 1. Meadow behind the Fish Hotel, Buttel'mere, C.W.M. Dot. E. F. Warburg.

lthinanthu·s stenophyUlts SchkulU'. 2. 3.. St Bees, It.A.B.; Newton lleigny, N.D.8. (8).

l11dampIITU,)n pmtense L. ssp. hians (Druce~ Reauy. 4, Penton LYl1ns, N.n.'S. (S) .•

Salvia 've1·ticiUata, L. 2. SillOoth Docks, R.A.B. Long knO,Yll from this locality.

Glechoma hedemcea L. var. hctcTophylla Itouy. 4. Netherby Park, N.D.S. (8).

BWJ'nex scutatl~s L. 3. Cockennouth, L'V.E. Nuphv1'lJia Es'ula L. 2. 8illuth, R.A.B . Salix j1'uaiNs L. x pcnt(mdm L. 3, Newton Reigny

Moss; near Newsham cross-roads, P,T, Dot. H, MelviIle.

Suti.x ec//pren., L. X -niOJ'iculls Bm. 3. Near Newsham cross-mads, P,T. Dot. H. Melville.

Sal'ix ah'ocinerca BI'ot, X nrig1·ica·ns Sm. 3. Newton Roigny Moss; near Newsham cross-roads, P.T, Dot. R. Molville.

Lcmna aibba L. 2. Dl'ipping sandstone rocks, Flos­wick 13ay, 'N.D.S.

Zanrti-chellia palustris L. 2, Mouth of the R, Eden near Cargo I-IiI1, U. D.

ikocharis um .. ialnmis (I,ink) Schult, 2, Anthorn, U .D. Eleochf11'is ·in'l~Uica1[lis Srn. 2. Anthorll, A.N,G. SC'irpus pl..wcjflor-us Lightf. 3. 'Vodholme Flow, LW.E. E?'iophorum latifo-li'u.m Hoppe, 3. Newton Roigny

Moss, O.W.M, Oa1'cx lacv'iaaia. Srn. 4. Ponton Lynns, R.A.B.

I,'JEJ,D MEl!:'l'lN{;t-I, lIJ4lJ

753/2D(2) Om'ex demissu Hornem. 4. Al'dale, 'Cross Fell, I.E. Det, E. Nelmes,

'X'75::lj2U(2)x21 Oa,1'cx demissa,'Hornem. x lepidoGaTpa Tauseh. 1.. But­

753/21

753/22 '791/ II

804/1

825/5

826/7

826/7

826/5 826/12

827/19(3)

*675/12b

terme,re, E.J.G. ]Jet. E. Nelmes. Oll'l'ex lepidoca1'pa Tausch. '4. ArdaloJ Ora-ss Fell,

B.A.B.; 1.. Buttel'me~'e, E.J.G. Det. E. Nelmes. Ual'ex s:erotin.a, Merat. 1.. Buttermel'e, N.D.S, (8). Deschamps'ia cacsp"itosa (I,.) Beauv, var. pa1'vi/lorn

(ThuilL) Dum. Penton Lynns, N .D.S·, (8). 8elJlc1'ia cae1'ulcu .. (I,,) Ard, 4. ArdnJe, Oross 11~ell (re~

co.I'ded in Hodgson's 1i'~onJ.. without· locality), Puccinellia ma1'itima (Huds.) ParI. f. nana Lange. 2.

Anthorn, N .D.S. li'estltca rv,bra L. val', glaucescens· (Hegetschw. & HIJer)

llicht. f. pube,~cens I-Im·vadh, 2. Fleswick Bay, N.D.S. (S).

li'estuca ruum L. val'. p'f'ui·l1tosa (Hack.) Howarth. Fles\vick Hay .. C.W,l\L Det. ·W. 0, J-lowurth,

Festu-C(L u.nissima Thuill. 4, Penton LynnfJ, lLA.B.

2.

l i'est,uca tewu"iioUa Sihth. 1. Below Fleetwith Pike, N.D.S. (S).

131'omus h01'dcaceus' L. sec. Holmh. 2. Bowness, N .D,S. (8).

Uhc~ra. aspe1'a ·Willd. vaI'. s·u.binM'mis Kiltz. 4. It. hth­ing, above the Spa Hotel, Gilslnnd, R.A,B, De-t. G. O. Allen.

JU~C()RDS 1<'L\OM SOUTH NOR1'HUMBE1{LAND, V.-C. 57, AND

'127/:]0

753/53

DUMFRIESSHIRE, V.-O. 72. •

().cl'wniu;;n S'yh;u,tictum L, vaI'. parvi/lul'lIm Kllaf all. Celcd~. v.-c. 67, S, NOl'thumb .. , GI'ooulee I-,oughJ N,D,B, (S).

J1U1CU.S terwis Willrl. V,-c, 72, Dumfries,j Penton Lynns J

R.D.G. Carex p'l1'lhpe1'Cula l\fichx. V.-c, 67, S. Northumb. j

Mnckle Moss, N.D,S,; P.T.

JULY 15th to 19th. WEST NOlWOI"K-V.-C. 28.

Leaders: Messrs O. E. HUBBAR.Tl, It, p, LIBBEY and E. L. SWANN,

The ioHo" ... ing 40 memben;, with 3 guests, ill addition to the leaders, took part in thi.s field meeting :-Miss D. Baylis, \1:1'8 vV'. Boyd 'Watt, Miss R. Oarey, Miss B. M, Chalk, Lt,-Col. and Mrs W. O. Cobbett (guest), Miss W. J, COl'nw~l1, Mrs 0. H. Crocker-Fox, Mr8 H. R. Dayies, 1\1)'8 J. Fn..rquharson, Miss L., W. Frost, Miss E. J'. Gibbons. M1'8 A. N. Gibby, Mr J. J.J. Gilbe.rt, M1' "\V. D. Gl'addoH, Oomdr. R. D.

[5]

Graham, Mr F, 1\1. Gl1l'teen, Mr n, H, HaUl Ml's n, Hassall, l\Ii~s K, M, Hollick, Dr M, G, Hughes, Miss l\L laaac, Miss M, Knox, Miss C, E, Longfield, Mrs l\L Milvain, Miss B. M, C, Mo.rgan, Miss M, Par'lons, Dr C, p, Petch (guest), Mrs H. M. Richards, Miss J. E, Richflrds, Lady Roche, Mr N. y, Sandwith, Lady Severn and friend, Miss E, Star!', lVlrs G, M. Steuart, M1' V. S, Summel'hayes, 1\11'8 n, Welch, Mis'3 D, M. ViTethered, Miss M. 1\1. Whiting, Miss O. Wickham, Mr L. ·W. Wilson, and Dr D. p, Young.

li'1'idwy, J'llly 15th. In the evening members met at the Globe Hotel, King's Lynn, where

a room had been placed ab their disposal for discussion, the naming of lllants, etc, Mr Huhha.l'd opened the meeting by welcoming -the very large number of members to the vice~county and refened to the wide range of types of vegetation "!'vhich it was proposed to ·study. Its proxi­mity to the sea and the low coast-line provided a rich flora char.actel'istic of salt-marshes, sand-dunes, and shingle .ridges, whilst inland the seve­ral semi-natural fens and hogs exhibited features o.f considerable ocolo­gical interest. The northward extension of I Breckland " an area of dwlk thinly covered in varts by sands and gravels, would also be in­cluded in the programme. Montion was made of some 0'£ the more. in­teresting plants like.1y to be rne'b with during the following foul' days.

SutuIl'duy, July 16th.

The Val'ty set alii in two coaches and the mo'ruing was spent in­YCBtigating the flora of the salt-llla.J.'shes, saud-dunes, and shingle banks on the eastern shore of the. 'Vash between -Wolferton and Snettisham, 1\1el\11bers were, interested to, see the lal'ge land are.as reclaimed from the sea and to ·observe the extenf:!ive nse made of Spart'ina 110wnsendii in fix­ing the mohile mud. In 1910 a small shiploml of plants was introduced near North Wootton and to-day there is an almost unbroken stand of many aCl'6S stretching from just north of King's Lynn to, Wolferton Creek. A few slllall clumps only 0.£ the native 'Spartillu maritima were found on the landward side. ' .

It would appeal' -that the two species of 'Spadina do not compete with each other and the claims that 8, T()lI;'f~scndi,i kills out S. maTitima cannot be Ullhc1d so far as eX]1e.ri.ellce in West Norfolk is conce'rned, ,Vhibt the f01'mer occupies thn areas of mobile mud -the latter o.C0urs by the sides of water-holes in l'elatively closed salt-marsh.

Hahitat diff'erencs,'l are also cleal'ly marked in the two speci{ls of P(tI'apholis (Leptu.rus), together with a time-lag in flowering. Pal/'a-1)hoUs incnrvns was pointed out to ID€IIllbel's although long past flower­ing and showing only the driad-up stems H was occupying a habitat similar to theo cont.inental plant and had every appea,ranc0' of being native in this station; P .. ~tr'i[JOS1U, on the other hand, was found in full flower, in relatively wetter habitats, and was e.verywhere abundant.

1,'U;LD :i\:tEJ<:'l'lNU ~, H:l4JJ

Woifel'ton Beach has been a comvaratiysly well-worked small area and afforded the critic81 workers opp01'tnnity to ohtain good material of varieties of FcstuCll TubTQ anu l1aTOP1!1'On spp. Here, too, 'were noted Dc,wlUzeri(l, ma.l'ina, B01'Clelt'ln IIW1'in111Th in abunda.nce) and l,Jhleu,m (lTellw·iwlI. It WlUl a good year for the I::lea-coast variety of BU</I"l.eJ! criSplts nearing the fruiting stage on the shingle storm-shelf. Other intel'esting salt-marsh and shingle plants included AT0'IW1'ia sI!I'P!JUijuli,u Y8,r, rnCIG'J'ucU1'pU., Lirnolti''llJ1n binen')us'lw~, Sua,eda j1'ut-icosa; 'whilst Chcnoyod-iu,rn fieifori'Um was founel on a farm ruhbish-heap nearhy.

After a piellic lunch the party visited Dersingham Fen, lla,l'ts of ,vhich are bog-veat overlying the Lower Greensanu and bordering the typical heather and Scots pine oountry. By the roadside I.~ large chnnll of Mentha a.lOpccuToides, a frequent Norfolk mint, often cultivated i.ll cottage gardens, WrLS seen. There was a fine, SllOW of Na'Ttheei1~m in full flower, assQciated with' llhy'nehosprJ1'a. a~ba. Several species of J1t.neu.s were noted, including J. bulbosu-s var, f{oehii; hore also were seen fruit­ing plants of OXYCOCCllS q'IJ,adT'ipet().~tIS and its Hpeckled-fruited variety. In the birch-scrub areas n"ype1'-icu"m d'l1bi'u-m and a newcomer fo,r this station in Lysi,rnach'ia p'u.nctatu.. were observed, the la.Her an obvious esoape from gardens close at haJ:).d,

By kind ilivitation ,of lVII's F. J. Done, tea was taken at S.andring­ham, WllOl'e members were escorted through t11e, grounds and. illcideut­Inlly fonnel Lcmna minor in flower hy the lake, Run.u'nculus Li'nO'lba mas.sed \yith Lysinwehia pu'ndata, amI. OIle plant of Oal'cx paUeseens. Heavy and! prolonged shnwers now brought field 'vmk to an abrupt close but member!:! enjoyed being shown the beauties of Sandringham church thl'ough the kindness of Mr Hone, "\-tho· gaye a short organ recital. The closing 0.£ a D.S.B.1. excursion with musical honours must he unique!

S'u,ntiWJI, J11'~Y .l7th.

] n the morning Roydon Common was visited. This is one of the many.tracts of heath on the range of the ],Jower Greensa.nd hills which bo-rde,rs the eastOl'll shore· of the Wash. Here members found a new station fo-1' the s])ecial plant of this large area or 670 a.cres, namely, IIamuma,rbYa .pah~dosa, tho known }ocal range of whieh is thus extendcd by about a mile. DToscra wnglica was found to be very rare, but masses of non-flowering Ut1'ic'l~li.tTia i'ntel'media filled many of the wet hollows, other interesti.ng plants were Pkdwnthera Vi/alia, EriaphoTUll1l luti,fo/iu,rn and O(wex lepidacQTpa, The presence of these latter two, more or less calcicolous, plants, in an otherwise typical acid-heath :flora, appeared somowhat incongruous, but the swamp areas in which thcse are found carry the d:t;ainage of decalcified gravels and loa-ms of the surrounding hills. On the f1cid-heath Orch'is ericetoT'I11Jl was seen in small quantity.

After lun.ch by the roadside the party visited Derhy and Bugal' Fens which are good examples of true sedge-fens and similar to the

FJRr,l) MF.ETINQS, 1949 53

,vell-knol'i'l1 Wicke,n Fen in Cambridgeshire. Althnngh very small COnl­

pared with the large area of Roydon Common they are very rich in species. By wading tluough deep peat and treading on quaking bog, memb-ers weye able to see typical fen vege1tation. The mOEt intel'es'~ing plants included R(lrn'U,nc1il1Uf Lingua, Marsh Orchids and t-heir hybrids, Weochwris species, Oarex [asiocarpa, and Pil1lla1-1,a in its fruiting stage. Derby Fen iF; the only k110,yn West Nurfolk station for this last plant.

'1'he next stop was made at East Winch Common, which is on glacial gravel overlying thin pe.at with a little bog in the· low-lying parts. Search was made for LittoreUn 1ttwiilora, but wi.thout success, owing to the recent dronght. Its original finder was Dr Petch. This station is well-known fOor the abundance of Gentiarna Pn.eumonanthe and the excellent display 'was n.dmired. According ta- lo'Cal tradition this pla.ut was originally intI1odnced. A l'eCelllt arrival here i.s Parentucellia (B{wtsio) 1J'iscosa. A small ar,e·a was 11longhed and prepared for a cricket pitch by sowing with a suitable mixture of grass seed; in an other"wise weed-free gennination this south-western plant was an obvi6us impm·it;"l'. It is not tha-ught likely that it will persist. It is interesting to note that 1\:[1' Sand with h3..":\ obsHl'ved a precisely similar oc,curl'ence i.n Gloucestershire. Other plants studied here were. Juncus c(J1l(]lomemtns, the· variable .Juncus e'fJu,sU8, large bushes of an erect fm'm of BaXix 1'ep'ens agg., the d(ll1ninant willow of -this common, R·/Iphrasi.a Qnglica, the J\farsh orchids with hybrids, a strange: form of (iu1'ex m',gra ,vith five female spikele,tH only, the hybrid Oarex Host-iana,x tnmidicarpn, and gi,(>.U1in{/ir'l.. decumben.s bearing axillary hasal cleisto­genes:

Prom East Winch the party travelled to Swaffham for tea at the GeOl'ge Hotel but made two short stops en· rO'l.de, first, to soe the sma.ll clump or Anthem,is ti,tlctor'ia which has now persisted at \Vest' Bilney for some years j the second to see Arno8cris minima which wus flowel.'­ing in qllantlty at Pentnc~ ronnd the headlands of a field of rye. Dur­ing the war ye-at's some very acid, hea"bhy fields had heen ploughed and SO;W11 with r)'ej in the. first year this plant was very abundant and has persistod round the· field-margins; Oe%tauq'ea O'ya,nus was also seen.

After tea. a visit was paid to Castleacre Priory where Galium a,ngli­C'IHn was gl10wing sparsely on the .ruined walls tog,etbe,r with some Arennria ten1lifolia. l,Vhils"t the history of the P1'iory and its many archaeologieal featm'es ,vel'e being explained by the guide some mem­bers explored the gronnds

j which contained an abundance- of Oa-lamin,tha

N ep'cta" and a plant or two only of the rare Poa, pa.lustris were seen. On the return journey to King's LYlln a shOTt halt was made by the

saml-mill at J3awsey in ordel' -to see .4.pera intert"'wpta by the roadside. J n a heathy held a large colony of the alum PutenIdia reC"ta was pointed out, together with A.cino·s arven.sis, both nOl'mal and white-flowered fnrms. Nearby a white~flowel'ed form of .Hallo·ta nigra was found; !dhinism appears to be freqmmt among plants 0'£ dry aci(3waths ancI , BI'eckland ' soils,

FIEJ.D MEIZl'I)fd s) 19,10

Monday, July 18th.

Coastal vegetation was again the object of this da.y's excursion and the welI-lmo,-wn Sea-hwenc1er marsh at Holme-next-the-Sea 'was chosen for the morning's work. En 1'oute a halt was made at the carstone Quarry at Snettisham tn see the masses of TT erbasc'l.~m pulverulen,tum. This stati'on is the headquarters for this plant, which is practically COI1-

fined to Nol'folk and Suffolk, and it is from this focal point thl,tt it ma~' he traced in diminishing frequency to the south and east.

On arrival at Holme the party studied the Limon'ietum which occu­pies a wide area. Some SalicOTnia, species were noted around, depres­sion pans on the- salt-marsh, but these were not sufficiently mat.ure for determination, although S. p-erennis was unmistakable and was confined 'bo habitats with more shingle intermixed with mud.

The grasses here we-re similar to those already seen at Wolferton hnt, in addition, Vul,pia membranacea was noted in the sand-hills and also the salt-marsh variant of Ag1'osUS stoloni/era.

1}'ranl('enia laevis, JA111oniu111 vulgarre, L. b'inervosum?" and L. belli­difoU'I.I<?n were among the more interesting plant.s of this station. From a small roadside O'Sie'1' plantation sterile, material of two willows was taken, namely, S. calodendro% and S. "fraaiUs" (? S. BaS'/ordiana).

After the usnal picnic lunch nurnham Overy Staithe ,"T[IS the next. sto,pping place. A long walk led to the- marram-hi1ls where the 01<1-established dunes cO-ntrasted with the yonnge-'r dunes o-f hO-th Holme. and ·Wolferton. Here several surprising species wel'e found. They in~luded LathYT7s sylvestris in two large colonies repu.ted to be intl'oductinns. This plant appeared to be somowhat atypical and some peduncles hore aR many as 15 flowe-rs. Outliers, not yet flowering, of Onaphalium luteo­alburn, from it-a well-known station whence it was recorded nearly a hun­dred yeal'S ago, were seen. Hypochoen't! glabra was fairly common and masses Of Epi,pactis p-a.l'lMt1,i,q were in flower in the- damp slacks tegethe,r \vith a few withered spikes of Ophrys apijera.

After this somewhat strOIl1lQ.US day membors were ready for an early tea at the MOOl'ings Hotel. IJater, by kind permission of the Earl of Leicester, thc party was allowed to drive through Holkham Park, "'here the many specimen trees and avenues of evergreen oaks ·were ad­mired. Nearing King's Lynn a halt 'was made at Vincent HiUs, WeRt Newton, where Mr. Sandwith found a pla,nt new to the vic(')-county in Althaea hirs1da growing i.n a field of lucerne. In the small a,ban­doned gravel-pit, surrounded by arable land, which is slowly reverting to heath, many unusual plants wero noted, including the glabrous varie-ty of 8isymbrium offi,cinu,le j sawne Oncu,tJulus, "a form with no reticula,­tiOllS to the calyx and petal-scales almost absent" (Dr Young) j Silene all (fl.iw; Ga./.i,ll1n e1'M;t'nm j fruiting H1Jo8cllo,ml1.s ni,ger j SalvIa praten.~'is, well P::lst fiowel'ing j and more plants of _4Jz.£!£..in:t.f..r.~

In the evening members wcre given a shorb but instrnctive locture on gras15es. 1\Tr J-Tuhhul'c1, 'W"l-lO u::;ed ,'freshly-gathered material to illllS­tl'a(;C- yarieties and diseased forms.

FIELD Mli:FJTINGS. 1040

:fuesday, ,hdy 19th,

An early start was made on the last day to' visit the northward extension of I Bl'ecklancl.' 8nch a large, area was to, be co,versd that lllllCh of the day was in the nature of roadsicl8J hotanising at such chosen Rpots a,s Me,l'ton, East Harling Heath, and Thetford.

At Merton the OnclIhal1rs bacci,je1' wa,"l in ahundance. This pJant, r-although first found by F, Robinson in 1906, continues to hold its own but no explanation has been fo-rthcoming of its arrival here. At East Harling Heath a typical chalk-heath flora was observed which included Aspernla cynanchica, Scabiosa COlllml,baria, stemless and stemmed forms of mrs11J,m a,ca1.~lon, Phle11m nodosum, with chal'acteristic (BTeckland' plants such as Sil'ene Otit'es and llfedica.go' falcala.

During the coach-ride through this area the party deplored the sight of line after line of regimented con1£8-rs, which hav8' made considerable inroads on once excellent botanical hunting ground, but were pleased to be shmvn a fe~v nlltliel's' of the very ram Veronica spica ta,

Picnic lunch Wflf'l taken un Barnham Gross Oommon, which was selected for a visit 5!ince -it is unique in being t.he only common in the British Tsles to snppnrt nearly all the typical ( Breck J plants.

'rhe .time of the ye..'l.r coupled 'with the intense drought did not favour many species being found, but members succeeded in seeing such plants as ltfedicago falcata; scattered populations of forms intermediate be­tW(10n that plant and the cnltivated lrlcerne,; Scleranthtf..8 perennis'; A1'temisia ca,mpr'8tris in bud; and Phle'tbm phTeoides, This last rare East Anglian grass is protected from gra9<ing animals by ,growing in one of. the many small but deep depressions. Memh'ers were: ahle to observe the. variation in this species which, Mr Hnhbard pointed out, app8'ars in two minor forms in this country, one with sca1Hous-keeleA1 glumes and 'the other with ciliate-keeled glumes, .

, TJ On the. way back brief halts 'were made at 8anton to see the abun- .~

. clant alien grass, Bro1rt1l,,s' tectornm; at Stoke Ferry to- see th(Bertern(l ~)vhel'e it has persi.fJted for the past t"venty years and where one plant of B1'()m1LS GnssMvi,i was fuunrl; and a final stop at Vilormegay whore .::!yeh!- spica-ven"ti has been found recently in quantity.

After tea at the headquarters the excursion was offici.ally ended. '1'hree vice~eonnty records are to be noted: -S-is1Jmbrium pol1Jceratiurm

found by Mr J. L. Gilhert on an old cinema site, in the town of King'~ Lynui lm,patiens parvijlora found by Dr. D, P. Young on a rubbish heap near the Ki.ng's Lynn Docks-poflsibly introduced with Russian timber; awl A,ttlwcn h~r,wt(l. (1isco1'e.rec1 l)y Mr 8andwith at West Newton.

Th(Jo first two plants wo,re no-t f~Ullcl i.n the course of field­work on the. orgalliRod excursions but were clisco-vered befol'e tho start of the day's programme, 'I'hey hoth lay within a few yards of the head­qual'tors of this meeting l

For permission to visit privut.e; property and estates grateful acknow­lodgment is made.

:'56 lrIE]~D MEElTINGS, 1048

Fo·l' their valuable assistanoe, both in the field and at the evening gatherings. in determination of plants, thanks are especially due to Messrs N. Y. Salldwith and V. S. S:tunmerhayes.

lO2/5d 457/5 600/12 612/1 618/3b 758/2 758/3 777/4 820/1 826/7 826/7c

826/7.

830/1 830/1b 830/1x2 830/2 830/2c

112/12 439/1 439/1 463/3 558/2 714/1 718/12. 748/2

213/1 f)52j3 H59/1 669/10 674/7 747/1 747/2 75:~/21

SOME PLANTS OBSERVED.

"\VOLFER.TON.

Arena·ria serpynijolia L. var. macrocarpa (Lloyd) Limoniwm, binM'vos'nm (G. E. Srn.) C. E. Salmon Ohenopodi'tl.rn ficijoli't~m Srn. Suaeda f'liuticosa 11~ol'sk.

Rwrnex crispns L. var. trrigmrn.ulaJus Syms Spartima ma,ritima (Curt.) Fernald S. lTo'wnse'nd'i~H. & J. Groves Phleut1n arenari'ttrn L. DeS1nazeria. mari.na (L.) Druce 11'e'S't'twa, r1J,bra IJ. var. vulgaris Spenner

do·. do. VUI'. ba1'bata (Schrank) Richt. do. do. var. gmndi/lora (Hack.) do. do, var, glaucescens (Hegetschw. et Heel')

!ticht. do. do. var. arenwria Fries

A.g"l'opyron }unce't~m (L.) Deauy. do. do. forma megastachyum (Fries) do. do, xA.. pungens (Pers.) Roem. et Schult.

A g1'opyron- p'wnflens (Pel's.) Roetn. ot Schult. do. do, var. pycnanth1l>m (Gren. et Godr.)

D])RSINOHAM.

Hypericum dubi'tl.m Leers OxYC()cc'tJ.,8 quadripeto,Zus Gilib.

do. do. var. maculat'Us IJousley I"ysimachia punctata, L. Mentha a,zopecu.1'oides Hull Nartheciwn os~ijragwm (L.) Huds. JmLC1ts bulbo'S'tls h var. Kochi.i (T!'. Schult7i) Rh1}nchospora alba (L.) Vahl

ROYDON COMMON.

Drose1'a anglica Huds. U tric1J,laTia, 'in;termeriia HaY1l8 lIalltl1w1'bya J}al'tt.dosa (L.) 0. K1mtlile 01'chis erice:toTUm (E, F. Linton) E. S. Marshall Platanthe?'Q) bifolia (L.) L. C. Rich. ETiophoT-um latijoli't{,m. Hoppe E. angusNfoli11m I-Ionok. Carf'x 7epidoc((Tpa Tansch

6(6

103(1 189(25 545/ 668(lb

669/6

I.'IELD MRI<:TINGR J 1949

DERBY AND SUGAR li'ENS.

BammCl~h~s Li'n,g'l~a L. 8agina 1wdosa (1,.) Fenzl

Ooma1'11m palustTe L. Euphrasia. anglica Pugsl.

It'p-ipactis poJustris (L.) Crantz vaT. ericetorum (A. et G.) Orchis la,i'ijolia. L. sec. Pugsl. .

669/8 0, pra,etermi.ssa Druce 669j6x8 O. lahlalia. L. sec, Pugsl. X O. praetermissQ, Druce

669(11 669(8xl1

674(1

674(7

7l8!4b 7l8j4x5 730(1 735(2 745(1 74.5(2 753(8 867(1

o. Fuch:;ji Druce 0. li'uchmi X U. pra,eterm..'i.ssa, Druce

GlIlnnadenia wnopsea (L.) R. Br.

Pla,ta-nthera bifoUa (L.) L. C. Rich.

Ju.mc1ls ef/usus L. var. com,pact'Us Hoppe x Jttncus dif!u,sus Hoppe Ba1deUia mnu,nculoidflls (L.) Parl. Trigi-qchi'11 .. palustris L. Eleocharis pa~1tstris (L.) Roe'l11. et Schult. E, 'wnigllt1ni.~ (Link) Schult, Carex lasiocCL1'pa Ehrh, Pilularia globulifercL L,

BlAST WINCH, , Gent'iana PnetHnD1UliIlcthe L, Euph1'!18ia ang7.ica Pugsl. PM'entll.ceUin v1sco-sa, (L.) Caruel

57

4BO(1 545/ 546(4 650(11 Salix arenari-a L. X S. rep&ns L. sec, Floderus (S, repem,s

669(8 669(10 669'BxlO 71sia 753(19 7G3/4-9 BOO(1

368/1 405 (12 410(1

102(8 296(13 562/7 824/5

L. agg.) Orchis 1J1'aeterm:i,ssa Druce O. e1"1Cet01"l.lrn (E. F. Lintou) E. S. l\farshaU O. el'iceto1'l{'m X O. pl'aetermiS8a J1mcns co,ltglolllerait&s. L. O(['TI:~X Hostiana DC. X O. t'lOnidica.rpa Andel'ss OaTex 'nigra (1,,) Roichal'd, forma Siegl'ingia decumbens (L.) Bemh,

Anthernis tin.cio1·ia L., We.'lt Bilney. Gental/,wea (]1ja"lt1/S L., Pentney. fb"lwse-ris minima (L.)- Schweigg. et Koerto; Pe-ntney.

CASTLIMCnJ1),

ATena1--ia tenuifo~ia L, Culiurn a,ngliC/l(.m Huds. Oa/,am'intha iVepeta (1,.) Savi Foa pahf.stris L.

189/13h 181/2 5:12(8 583/1 78[5/2

,1527/6

80/1 457 /l 457/4 457/5 611/1 650/:J(' X 2 B50/0x 780/21

826/15

178/2 328/1 421/3 6G8/1 67213

49/6b 96/2 . 96/4 96/5

115/2 296/:1 524(1 546(511 550/4 5G6/1 735/2

96/9 153/1 298/3 30B/1

BAWSEY.

TotentiUa 1'(,cta L. yal'. su~furea Lam. et DC. t-ig'l'imonia odorata (Gouan) Mill. Ar-iJW8 m'vensis (Lam.) Dandy forma albifiora, llaUotu n'ig1'CL L. fornHt alb'i/lom. Apr?'o 'intf'1"I'Hpia (1,:) Beul1v.

T'eJ'/IU Mql'm, ,pU[vll?'l1.7.ent1.nn Vill., Snettisham.

HOLME~NEXT-THE-SEA.

Frankenia la,evis I.J, Limo1J,i1l1tn 1!Ulgan Mill. [i, ueUi,il'ifo/,itlm (Gonan) DUTIl.

L. b'i,ncrvDs'U'Jn (~. ]~. Srn.) C. E. Salmo·n Salicornia, perennis (Gauan) Mill. 8al'ix ufrn.gilis" L. (? S. Ba.sfurdinnu Scaling ox Salt-e-H;) X 8ali'x calodend1'on Wi'l11mel' (8. aC'1Jm.inata Srn.) Agrotis stolOIl!ifera L. var. stol,oni/em .. ecfl,S W.li.JI(1 (.Jnnsel1 Pt

Wachter) Philipson l'nl1l1(1. rne;nbranace(~ CL.) Dum.

BURNHAM OVERY S'rAITIH1

L(ltliYl'i.~ syl1Jestl'is 1 ... Qnaphaliurn h~teo-allmm L. Hypochoeris glabra :L. 7iJpipactis pal1f,stri,) (L.) Cl'fU1tZ var. ocht'o7euca Barla Ophrll,q ((pilera. Hnds,

VINOFlNT Hn.T.S, WF.,s'l' NrnWTON.

8i,~1Jm7J'/'h[m o/Ticinale CL.) Seop. var. leioca1'p1ltn DC. Silen,c Olwu·uams' vVibel, forma 1l1'ela.nd,1,j,11,m 'floct'ifio1"1I·tn (L.) Fr. S. (malicn I ... .1lthaea hirsuia, I~.

Gali,wrn erectnm Bud.s, H'Yoscya1n'U,s n'iger L. ()(Zontdcs 1,tl,lJra Gi1iJ-l. var. 1)Cr1W (Bell.), the usnal form. Ol'o7Janche daUor Sutto'll Sal'via, pratensis L. flpcm i'nte1'T11pta (L.) Beam'.

IMST HARLING HEATH.

Silene Otites (I..) Wibsl Afedicago falcata L. ASpC1'u.la cllnanchica. L. Sca/)'iosa Oolumbaria L.

396/4 :396/4b 777/1g

87fJ

]'IELD MEETINr; S, 1.940

Oi1'si.u.rn aca1llon (1..) Scop, do. do. forma cwu1est.e11s Reicbb.

Phlewm nodosltm L.

C1t.C11bnZ1f,B baccifer I.., Me.rton,

BARNIIA1.I OROSS rOMl'I'fO-:"r,

T1WT1 fis {J labra I" 1I1ed'ico..go falcata L. X M. 1Ja'l"ia Martyn ATtem-lsia cmnpat1'is L. Rcle1'anthus perennis h Phle1Mn phleoides (I.J.) Knl'st.

5D

37 !7 153/1 153/8 B78/2 595/1 777/3 777/3 do. do. subvar. blepha?'ode.~ (A,~cherR. et Gl'ftf'hn.)

827/4 42/9

827/l 785/1

Bron1'U,s teGtormJt L'J at Santan Be7'leron incana (L.) DC., at Sta.ke Ferry. Rrorn11s G-HSS01Mi J;>arL, at Stoke Ferry. A.pf'1'I1 Spica-venti (I.>.) Beauv., at Wormegay.

E. L. SWANN.

ATTCHTRT ]3th. nROOK, GODALMTNG, RTJRH.EY, FOn WILLOW -HEHllS. Leader: G. ~L A SR.

Tw(;mty-hvo lnOlnhers attended this meeting, ·wlJich was he-Iel on a very hot clay. The dry summer had shrivelled lip most phnts and the 'Willow-herbs were stunted and in mos·t ca-ses nOot u,t all typical of what an ordinat'y season produces, Ne,vertholess this very paucity of material emphasized the great value or p'Il·bescence in the identification of onl' Vlillow-horbs Q,nd thei], numerous hybr~ds. D-wal'fed specimens of E. Lam.yi, E. obscurmn fmd E, a.del1oc(l'Ukm were readily separated hom one another hy this means. A list of the speoiel> noted is app~nclerl, bnt there is no doubt that, the dorrnina,d speci,E'oS hore, as in most parts of south-west Surrey, is Epil.obi,'t.IJm. adenoco/u.lon. This American alien, tQo', seemed best able to- wit,hstand the drought,

']'118 site visited is we]} Imo"wn to local botanists not only for the Willow-herbs but also for the nnmber of common species of .J1Iincus to be found; it is a good' educating' ground. Among less commOll species to be found in a normal season there are Oentllnc'nlths rninin1/l.LS J.", Centa1~ri1i,m pulchellwrn Sw. (including its form Sch1IJartzianum Wittr.), a.nd ocoa.sionally Eii.ph(ITbia LathY'J"is L. But principally this locality is known for its associations with the true Blood-veined Dock, R1tmCX

sang1rine1tS L. val'. PUTPUTC1l3 StD-lees, a colony o-f ",,,,hich greatly in­terested mombers when ]Jointed ont by Mr IJousley, M1' Lonsloy had known ·it iu' this locality since 1934, when his aHention was cll'U,Wll to it by Mr. \Vm. Watson (see B.E.C. 1938 Rep., 13G, 1939, and 191,.1 /4,'2 l?ep., 5G8, 194A). The locality is known as ' Waroham Hill, Drook,' the narrow strip of Atherfielcl Clay supporting a small brickworks, the. snr­rounding hazol copse b-e'illg cui; regnbrly for firing. No dOllbt the

lm~LD ME,ETING8., 1040

spHcilllen of Z?u,mex s(Hial.l,inell",~ in the Herbarium of the National Museum uf \Vales, labelled" 00PS6, vVarnham Hill; Shoolbred, Sept. 30th, 1895," came, as lVlr Lousley i:lHggests, from t.his locality.

Afte,l' the es:cnrsi,on nn exee~lent tea 'was provided by l\iTs. Ash at Lower Dil'tley Farm, and the members then tested their skill on a few gathered ,Villo'w-herbs, 'which unfortunately had become somewhat withered.

The following is a list of the species of Epilo/}'imn seen during the afternoon: -

Epi[obimn

"

"

" "

Maul'.

parllifi01''lIJn 80h1'eb. rnontar!lUAm L. la.n-eeolatu,nt Seb. & rOSe1111i Schreb. tetra(}o'J'I'u,rn L. em. Curt,. O/}Sc11,rtMn Schreb. 7~arnlli F. Schultz. adenoca,ulon HauBsk.

Hyhrids included E. ade/lOcallloTh X E. OlJ3C1Wl.vm and E. mon-tan-urn X P]. (J USC11II'U-rlL

G. M A.

SEPTEMBER Inh. BASINGS~'OKE CANAL FROM BYFL.EET TO WOKING (SURREY, V.-C. 17).

Leaders: J. E. LouSLEY and W. E. WARREN.

The, party assembled at Byfle-et, Railway Station at 11.35 a.m. and proceeded abont 300 yards to the canal at the nearost point. From here, the to\v-path was -roUowed to Sheerwater BridgOo where packed lunch was consnmed. After lunch, the party divided i.nto- small groups with the object of making a thorongh investigation of the canal and adjacent land as. fur as, the- Chertse,y Road Bridge. Thence a short walk through the town led to tIle- Albion Hotel, Waking, where tea was taken.

The- 2t mile, long st,rotch ,of tow-path included much scenory of excE!p­tional beauty. To the south of the canal, for alJOut a mile in the middle of the route, the wooded Sheerw(lter heath extends t.o the mai.n railway line ·WitJl a maximum width of nearly half a mile. This heathland is divided into two by a wide dit,ch running appl'oximat~l:1 S.W.-N.E., and betwoen this and the canal is Sheel'watol' Bog and a series of small pools, ditches and bomb-crateTB containing plants issoci'ated with acid conditions. The canal contains, a rich aquati.c and marginal flora which is especially well developed in backwaters on the north si.de, whore it is flanked hy further wooded heathland now broken iuto by the grounds of houses. r.-Phe last mile of the tow-path approaching and through the outskirts of 'Woking is characterised by a mnch higher proportion of alien and hOl·tal sp~cies.

The object of the Held-meeting was to far as was possihle in a single visit late

, make a record of the flora (so in the season) in view of two

BASTNGS'l'OKE CANAL BET\YEEX B1:'FJ...EET AND vYOIHKG.

Photo by Sydney Francis, Woliina.

61

imminent threats. 'rhe fil'st of these was to the canal itc;elf, of whieh a stretch of some 3·2 miles became the property of the Basingstoke Canal Purchasing CommitteO' 011 May 30, 1949. The declared objects of this Committee -we,re the development of the canal both for pleasure and commercial use and it seemed likely that, ill addltioll to obvIous possible alterations, this might involve changes in the water-level and rate of flow.

The second threat- arose from the pUl'chase of 210 acres of adjacent land by the London County Coullcil for development of a housing estate., The main portion of this at'ea consists of Sheel'wftter heath (including the bog) with two 8ll'laller plots to the north of the canal. It :falls within Nature Reserve no'. 33 recommendEtd in the Report of the lVild Life Con­sC't'Vatio,rJ., Oommtitte,e (Cmcl. 7122). It has long been a favouJ.'ite- haunt of I,onclon and Surrey nflturalists and although it was unlikely that allY important new discoveries wOlJ.ld be made it seemed very desirable to find out what plants still grew the'l'e before they were destroyed.

The field-meeting was attended by 32 poople and favoured with ideal weather. I,ittle rain had fanon for many 'weeks and, although the level nf water in the canal was too lo,v to show the aquatics to advantage, the usually uncomfortably wet areas of Sheerwater heath were so dry that it was possible to examine them wi.thout difficulty. None of the known mrities, we,re 8110·wn to the party, but, nearly all were found indepen­dently in the course of the f;.;earch and many memheJ's expressed their appreciati.on of the arrangement by which they could seleet their own route oyer the ground, Ten 0.£ the members who applied to attend the meeting undertook to c'oncentl'a.te on special genera for the day, and their reports are incorporated'in the li.sts which foUow.

The following list, of plants. observed i.ncludes only those of general interest with the, addibion of S0111e of Ule common species characteristic of the habitats. Much longer lists cOlltribnted by various obsel'vers are available fo'l' reference.

A. BASINGSTOKE CANAL-aquatiet: awl marginal flora, and to·w­path.

6/21 35/3 35/3x4

35/4 133/

184/11b

220/ 247/5 253/2 353/2 365/11

Barlt<llfltctlIlI,8 cil'c-inu,tu:l Sihth. Rorippa am.ph·ibic~ (L.) Bessel' B.. amphibia. (L.) Hesser x B. is/WH.LiW. (Oedel') llorbas­

Herb. L. R. islmndica (Oeder) Besser lmpatien,s GalHml>is Me€rblll'gh-in one vlae'e this formed a

continuous "hedge)' some ten yUJ'dl> long. }I"nipendlt.lo, Ulmaria (L.) Maxim. var. de'nLulata, auctt. angl.,

non (Presl) Beck Epilobiu.m adenoGau.l.o-n Haus,'lkn.-det. G. l\L Ash Apium inundu,twrn, (1..) Rehb. f. Si"l~m erectum, Huds. Bidens tq'iparrtita, L. Achinea ptarmica L,

62 l"ll<:l,D lIlEI<)'l'JN U ~ J 19J9

419/241j llic'lYlci'llm mnuenatu11l L. vaI'. coronopijolill1n 13ernh.-det.

481/1 4,82/1 577/5 618/1 654/1 718/10 721/2 724/l 727/2 727/1

727/3 729/1b

732/1 734/1 737/9 737/13 737/20 745/4

746/3 753/1. 753/9

·753/57 764(1

844/2x

J.E.L. Men1!Q·nthes trijo/inta L. Nyrnphoides peltatll,m [8. G. Gms1.] 0, Kunbo Staehys pal1tstris L. Rwmex Hydrolapathnm Huds. HydTochcvris Morslts-)'onae L. J umcus artic'ula,tu'8 L. 1'ypha, angustifoha L. AroTlIs Calamus I~,.-Ml·S "\Velch Lemna p'olyrhiza 1..1. L. minor L. (also seen hert}' in H·ower by l\frs Welch in July,

1950). L. trisuLca I.J. , Al'isma lanceolafw/i WitJJ .. -Herb. L. ExeeptionaUy good

mateTial (with maliv€ Il{Hvers) ill the 10eality from which it was drawn in Eutchees }j'udher 11l1lstrafionB.

Sagittwr-ia sa.gitNlol.'ia, I" Bu·tomus u.mbella,tus L, Pota,mogeton graminCtM L. P. tuc ems L.

Plentiful at J3yfleet end.

P. obtu,si/oUu.s l\f.ert. & Koch--Ollly seen n,t Woking ond. E"teochari,s acicul(l.l'is (L.) Dr. Flo-wering freely on the

posed mud at the sides of the canal. Scirrrns uwustns, L. Oar ex Pseudo-cyperus L. O. hirta L. O. remota L.

ex-

Leersia oryzoides (L.) Sw. 8eell OH both l:Oides or the canal near Byfieet-oll the Bout,h sido with exserted panicles.

xEqtt'iset,'Uffn titora,le l{tihl.-det. P. 'l'~tylor. About half-way along in several colonies n,llcl vl1l'in.ble, (Herb, L.)

It was inteTesting to observe how the character of the ·vegetation changed along various stretches of tho canal.

B. HEATHLAND AND 'l'HIOIOLTS BETWEEN TIlE CANAL AND 'fIfE RAILWAY.

80(1 101(7 101/8 112(15 138/1 100(4 220(7(2) 220/10 X 7 237(1 274/1 288(1

P'olygala, serpylli/olia Ilmle 8tello,ria g')'aminea L. S. Alsine Grimm Hypcr-icmn hum:i,ju,sum L. F1'a;ngula Alm~s Mi.1l. LotuS' 11,liainosu,s Schkuhr Epilobiu1'n a,demo'cmtlon Halls::>lm.~det. (1-. M. Ash E. montanum J,. x E'. ObS'ClW'um Schreber-det G. M. Ash: Hyd;rocotyle 'Vu.lgaris L. AngeUca s'lJ~'Vesf1'-is I~.

V ibwrn'l.flm VpuVu,s L.

296/4 308/4

U~di,U1n saxatilc L. Bcabiosa Succisa L.

328/2 Gnaphah1Wt uUginosum 11.

396/9 Ciniwln pulwdre (L.) Scop.

419/229 I:lie1'ClCi,urn rontiOrl/tHn Ij', J. Hanb.-Herb. L.

445/1 OnUtlma vulgaris (L.) Hull 44,6/1 Erica cinerea L. 446/2 E, Tetra-lix 452/1 Rhododend1'on pontic11m IJ.-l'cgenerat.i.llg. 559 f 1 J../Ycopu..s europa,c'UlS L. 572/1 8cuteUaria galericulata L. 618/16 Rumex A cetosell,a. L. 642/1 Betula verruCO'sa Ehrh. 642/2 B. vubescens Ehrh. 643/1 Aln1~,~ gZtt·tinoso Gaertn. 650/8 Salix cap1"ea L.-Herb Kew. 650jJO S. atrocvncna Brot.-Herb. Kew.

t.!"

""

650/9x10 S. atrocine1'ea Brot. X S. Qu.r#a L.-Herb. Young) dei. It.

650/11 650/11

714/1 718/3 718/4 718/4 718/9

718fl2 718/13 718/16 718/17 719/4. 780/3 780/61

78:1/ I 701/4 802/1 813/1 825/3b 826/7j 849/1 853/1 856/3 856/4

Melville. 8. ?'epens L. sensu lato.-Herb. Kew. S. 7'cpens L. X S. (~renaria sensu Flodorus-I-Ierb. y.oung,

det. E,. Melville. (l'robably identical 'with tho last. J.E.L.).

Na,1'thec'illm us:)ij1'ag11'?n (L.) Hucis, J'ltnCUS cong~umel'a,tllS L. J'. effus1l1> L. ,J, ejfu8I{.S I,. vaI'. con.gest'll,s Lej. & COUl't. J. (H'u,ti/l()?"~1oS Ehrh. Young, rei. 3;lG2 in Herb. Y., conI.

P. W. lLichards. J. lJ'ltlbosus I/.-Herb. Y. J'. squa1'TOS'US L. ,T. ten-uis Willd. (Plentiful on tl'udrs-ulso seen 011 tow-path), J. bufonius L. Lwmla mu,lti/lom, (Retz.) DC. flg7'otis tennis Sibth.-Herb. Kew, det. C. E.. Hubbard. /I .. carn-ina J~. vnt'. fru:"cicnlaris (Curt.) Sind. f. 1nutica-I-Iel'lL

KewJ det. C. E. I-Iubbard, Oala,mag1'ostis epigejo8 (1,.) Roth-Horb. Row lJescha,mpsiu /lexuosa (1:.) 1:1'in. Ph1'a,grnites commurn,is Trin. Mo~inia cae7"u-lea (L.) Moench-in various for111s, alyceria declinatn Bl'ob,-Hel'h. Kew, det, U. K Hubbard. Fe~-t1J.,ca i'c'nu,ijoliu 'Sihth.-Hel'h. IJ. Blechnum Spi,ca-nt (L.) With.-Herh. L. Ath1Jri,nrn If'i{ix-femina (L.) I-toth D7'yopteris s'pinu,~osa (MUll.) Watt D. dilatata (Hoffm.) A. Gray.

64 FIELD lIlEJ<:TINGS, 194-9

C. SHEERWATER BOG AND ADJACENT BOMll-ORATERS AND DITOHES.

112(17 213(3 220 (14 396/5 453(3 467/1 552(5 572(2 669 (10 714.(1 737/2

747 (2 747 (4 753/53 753/56

Iiypericum Elorles L. DJ'os.era 7·otundijol·ia- L. Epil-obi.lW1 palust're L ' Oirsit&m d"issectmn (L.) Hill PYl'ola mvrwr L. AnagaU'is tenena, (L.) Murr. Utricula-ria rnin(Jr L. Sc'u·tenaria rn..inoT Huds. Ul'chis €7'i,cetorwrn (JJintou) KS.M. Nurthecium ossi/?'ao-urn (L.) Huds. Potal1wgetU% p-olygo'nijoli'lls }loun. Seen in two very differ­

ent forms, one on spllagnum anJ t-hs other in fairly deep water-Herb. L.

Er'iophorum angustijol'iullt HOl1ck. It. vagina-t11mt, L. Ua.rea: leporitna Ij. C. echir~a,ta, MUlT.

D. WAS'I'E GHOUND BY THE, C'ANAl~ FROM 'l'HE SORBO WORKS FRONTAGE TO CHERTSEY ROAD BHlDGE, WaKING.

Sisymbrium aliis-si'lnnm L, Se·n.eci-o squatidus L,

49(3 383(7 396(8x9 Otniwm arvensc (L.) Seal). X G. paltls-t·J'c (L,) Seop,-Herb.

425/2 511/ 615(8 616(1

L., det. W. A. Sledge. LactiU,ca SeTri-ola, L. Oal.ystegia ~"y~ve'stTis (\villd,) R. & s. PolAJ(lonum nodos'Ulln Pers, Fagopy1'1llrn sa.gittatu·rn Gilib,

E. 'l'HICKET AT BYFLE,E'l' END. 1/1 Of.em,a..tis V-ita~ba L.-A_. W. \Yestl'up

In the above list. the' abbreviations He1'b, Kew, H.ol'b. L. and Herb. y" rofe·1' to specimens in the herba,ria 01: tho H"oyal Botanic Gardens, Kew, J, E. Lousley and D. P. Young respeci-ively, All material cited as- in Herb, Kew was· colleded llY E. Milne-Redhead and P. 'l'ay]or who wore mainly respollsible for the recol'ds given 'for "B". Thanks. are also due to all the other members, who assisted in finding plants and sending in records and partioularly to G. M. Ash, J. G. Dony, D. H. Kent, A. W. "\Vestrup and Mrs, B. Welch. Regrets at the threat of destruct,ion of such an inte-resting and beautiful stretch 0.£ country -were very freely expreBSed~

J. E. LOUSLEY,

65

Post-script (Decelllb~r 1960). During the summer of 1950 the work of clearing the site- commenced. Trees were feUed and their stumps dragged out by bull-do-zers and the task of diverting the main ditch a-nd taking it underground in a box-culvert was started. It soon became apparent tha.t the drainage of the area wo-uld present considerable difficulties (liVoJci,ng News wnd- Mai~, issue of August 25, 1950). The plans include the erection of over 1300 dwellings and although a largEl recrea­tiOll ground and children's playgrounds are to be left bordering the canal, it is certain that the whole- of the, interesting terrestrial flora will be destro'yed. Schools are to, be built on the Sheerwater Bog and the report 'of SUr1'ey County Architect states tllat the site "is wholly below the level of the Oanal, occupying practically the lowest position of the estate, and being covered with tt dense carpet of marsh grass, with heathe'r, gorse, sh1'ubs and trees in abundance". Great though the nef'd for houses lllay be, it is difficult to- avoid the feeling that this interesting and beautiful place must be very unsui.table on account of its dampness and its destruction is all the 111Ol'e rogret-table. All who attGucled the meeting wiH share Mr. Warren's feelings when be writes: "The site is lost for ever. I haven't the heart to go a-l~ng the canal nowadays-". J.E.L. .

66 FIELD MEETlNGi:i, 1950

FIELD MEETINGS, 1950.

PROGRAMME

April 2nd-Quendon Wood. J"une 25th to July' lst~Douglus (18]8 of Man). July 14t.h to, 16th-The Peak District. August 18th to 21st-North Lincolnshire. September 2nd-Surrey. Sepwmber IB-th-Halling Down (Kent).

APRIL 2nd. QUENDON WOOD, ESSEX. Leader: Dr. D. H . .vALENTINE, assisted by Mr. H. and MiSB D. MEYliJR.

'rhis- meeting was arranged in cOlljunchon with. the Conference OIl 'Aims and Methods in the Study o-f the Dist·l'ibution of British Plants' with the particular object of studying Pri'Jnulal elatioT, a species with all interesting restricted distribution in Britain. Amongst those attending we were oopecially glad t.o have the company of Pro!. Faegl'i (Bergen), ProI. van der Wijk (Gl'ollingen) und Dr, Jr, A, W, Kloos, Jr, (Holland),

Following twO' O'l' three duys 0.£ cold, dun wea.ther with overcast skies, hopes rall high that 'the finer weather nf the morning would conti.nue throughout the, day as 57 members and visitors assembled at VictoTia and boarded the coaches,

On arrival at Quendou the party fotllld the, wind very cold and whilst standing at the entrance to the wood listening to Dr. Valentine ex~ plaining the general ecology of this wood and of the species the party had come to see, a sudden sto'I'm of hail and sleet accompanied by thun~ del' and light.ning drove members into rainproo.rs. This did not however dampen their en-thusiasm and very shortly H.ll were engaged in hunting fQr the plants to' be fo-und,

Guided by the leaders member,:;. noteu and discussed the differences between the Oxlip (Primula ela,tiO'f Jacq.), the Primrose (P. vulgawis Huds.) 'and the hybrids in all stages between them. A fino patch of Green Hellehore (Helleborus viridiSl I.1. yar. Smithian11.S' A. Braun) found by some was much admirod for the excellence of its c{)ndition and the fine- show of blossom,

Dispersing -throughout the ·length and breadt.h of the wood members at length asse-rubled at the southern end ·whe1'e some Daffodil plants were found sparingly in bloom. Leaying Qllendon Wood and crossing the road to a smaller wood on the o'PPosite side, the Daffodils were found in some quantity as were also nnmbers of local children engaged in gathering the blossoms. In this wood also some extremely fine speci~ mons of Cherry (Pr'!.1l"nus aviu.m. (1.,.) L.) wera noted and occasioned com~ ment on the size they had attained.

67

During the COUl'f:;.t) of the afternoon Dr. A. E, li~]lif::l, the owner of the wood, accompanied by his son, met the party and the opportunity was taken of expressing the thanks of the- SOe1ety to him for graciously au­curding us permission to' visit this delightful spot.

Retracing steps to the coaches, the party ,vent to Twyfords neal' Bil:lhops Startford, whem tea was waiting and ,HtS partaken to the ac­companiment of much discussjon on the plants noted during the day. Here too some of the distinguished vi:-Jitol's were welcomed and invited to make their comments on the result or the day's hunting, and by unanimous consent a vote of thanks was carried, with applause, to the leaders and others responsible for the satisfactory' arrangements.

Among the party were some hryologif,lts who found the area interest­ing and the following mosses awl hepatics \vore listed in tho field: ~

MOSSES.

A.tl"iehum 'wndu./a,ttwil (Hedw.) P. Beam'. A'nlacomni,um andTogynmn (Hedw.) Bchwaegl'. Hraehytheci/lf.(;l~ rutab-ulwrn, (Hedw.) n. & 8. BI'Yll.·m araenteru.Jn. Hedw. B. erythrocaTplJ1ii1J.. Sch\vaegr. OeTatodO'rJ.. p'urpUtre'Us (Hedw.) r~l'id,

Oi.rriphylh.pn Zl'i.lilwI'u'm (Hedw.) Grout.. Ctern.idi1~m moll-uoSe'wln (Hedw.) :M:it·t, 1JicT{tneUa heteTomaUa (Hedw.) BellIJ. D'icranoweissia· eir'rata (Hedw.) Lindb, Dicran·wrn- s:wpa.riu'n1 Hedw. E'wrhyn.ehiu1n stria·trun (Hedw.) 8cllp. emeud. Storme!', PiS8iden.s bryoidesl I-Iedw, P. cxilis Hedw. F'l.u]JJ,tl'ia hygrornet1'iD(1 Hedw. Homalia tT1chomanoiiles (IIedw,) .13, & 8, is'otheciu.m rnYU1''Urn (Ih'id,) Brid. I. rnyos.w)'oides Brid. llf-nium h01'1vurn Hedw. M. longirostre Brid. M, ·unJ"uCai·'u.rn Hedw, NeekcTa compla'n.fl,ta (Hedw.) Hiibeu, Po(,y·[)·ichum. j1Nl·iveri-nurn I-Iedw. Pse.t/;d.osderopodi'Uml punllm (Hedw.) l1'loi8ch. llhytidiadelphu.tJ tri.ql/-d1"lLS (Hedw.) \Vu,rllst. R. sql( .. a1"'1·OSu.s (Hedw.) Wal'ust. 'l'ha'nvnium al0p'ec'urum .. (Hedw.) 13. &; 8. 'l'huidiwm tarnariscinUlIJL (I1edw.) B. &; S. 'lloTt1t·la m.UIl'aUs Red w.

HEPNl'IOS.

Calyp'Ogeia jiSSIfl,. (1".) Raddi. Lo·p-hoeolea biden-tata (L.) Dum.

C8 FIEl~D l\-IEE'I'INW:;, 1950

Metzae1'ia, ft~rcata (L.) Dum. PelUa epiphyllOJ (L.) Corda. Pla,gim;hila a'lrplenioid-e~ CL.) Dum. Ba,du.·/a; comp-lanata (L.) Dum. Mndotheca, platyphyUa (L) Dum.

Among the 1110re interesting flowering plants lloted were: JienelJ01'U8 ViTidi,s L. var. Smithianus A. Bl'aun. Oxalis AcetoseUa L. Ulex eU1'Opae'/1.JSl L. SwrotharlVf/lU,s scopari.u.s (L.) Koch. PT'IJII1:tMJ' aviuqr~ CL.) 1., Ribes rubrwn L. Priniula veris L. P. elatior J acq. Listera o'IJata (L.) R. Br. Parris' quadri/oUa. L. Alchemilla vestita (Bus.) Ruunk. Primula vulgaris L. OarpoimM, Bet",lu. L. B. T. 'WAltD.

The following interesting observations on the day!s work lmve beell made by Dr, R. Melvi11e;-

There are colonies of prilmoses around tho borders of the wood and a few plants along s,ome of the rides that have remai.ned during the "high coppice" interval. In the body of the, wood, the population is Qoxlip and oxlip-pl'imrose hybrids, which have back~crossed to oxlip dur­ing the phase in which the Doppice has grown up. probable Fl plants were seen only in a few places z,long rides where both species were present. Many of the plant-s in th~ IIhigh coppice" showed some charac~ ters of the' primrose. Shortly after this wood was cut in the, 1930)s the popula'~ion was largely of FI's and plants of similar appearance, Prjm~

rose characters have the-mfore been tn a large extent eliminated from the population in the "high coppice" phase, Several plants 'were seen in which the peta1s were distinct and sepaJ.'ate from one another and there was one with a fnli'ose calyx,

Most of the plants nf the oak-ash~hazel woods Ivers present, including a good display of Anemm1B' nww'("osa, in places, Mer-curialis perenG1is, Ajuga rep'tams, etc, '1'her0 was a colony of HeUeborus viridis in Ol1e corner. At the othe,r end of the wood wel'e some colonies of Narcissus p-s8udo-r!tQff(yiS'su,s which was present also- in the second wood. The purity of these colonies was questioned at tea-time, but I saw no- plants that I c-onsidere.d ,vere hybrids. Their appearance was. uniform and like other English colonies of this pla1lt that I have seen) e,g, in Surrey) it is not impossible that one 01' two plants have, been hybridised from pollen de~ l'ived from gardens in the village, but I saw no evidence of this.

In the second wo-od there were few, if any, plants I would have placed as pure oxlip. I saw hybrids the1'o.

FJET,n MER'rINGS, 1950

JUNE 25th to JULY 1st. DOUGLAS. (ISLE OF MAN). ~rhe n,ccount of this .Fie1d meeting is deferred unt.il the neJC:t issue.

JULY 14th to 16th. THE PEAK DISTRIOT. The· acconnt of this Field meeting is deferred until the next issne.

AUGUST 19th to 21st. NORTH UNCOI~SHIRE. Leader: Miss E. !. GIBBONS~

oD

This meeting was· attended by the following members :~A. H. (t Alston, Miss B. ChuJk, C. L. Collenette, J. G. Dony, J. L.,Gilbert, Mrs. B. Hassall, R. C. L. Ho-witt, E. Knoit, Miss M. Knox, R. L€wis, Miss C. Ilongfield, Miss B. M. C. Mnrgan, Mrs. W. Boyd Watt, Mrs. B. "Welch, Miss M. M. vVhiting, Dr. D. P. Young. Some' of the- botanical members of the Lincolnshil'c Naturalists' Unio-n were- invited, and seY~ eral of them were· able- to join in each day.

On the evening o,f Aug. 18th a preliminary meeting took place at tho headqnarters at the Blne Ben, Scunt-horpe. rrho leade"r outlined the geologica.1 basis and bo·tunical possi.bilities of N.W. Lincolnshire. This area rises from the estuary of the river Trent at almost sea level to over 200 feet; the soil is chiefly blown sand with e,xposures of oolitic limestone on tho high ridge known as The OWL Ironstone is- extensively quarried to' the north and east of Scuntbol'pe, where Narthecitl"m and Us11t1unda once grew, but bogs are nnw scarce.

The weekend was spent almost" entirely in two districts nf v.-c. 54, North Lincoln, as ontlined by \Voodruffe-Peacock. The object of the meeting was to make records for these districts: -District 1 (Isle of Axholme) and District 2 (Br,oughton and Scunt-horpe).

Starting in" good time on Saturday, a call was made at a sand-pit at tJ18 "-Ting Mine, Ashby, for M.a7'rnbi1~1)l. and other sand plants. rrhe next stop at Bracken Hill on Ermine Street, between Broughton and Scawby, for AlWtlo,1n SCQ1'odoprasum, produced a few cornfield and wood~ land plants. The party thou joined the L.N.U. (Li.ncolnshire Natm·a.lists' Union)" in fuU force, whose Field Meeting had been arranged at the Gr0etwell~Manton cross roads (for Mallton Wari'en and Common). rrhis is a very dry spot with a sea. or Pt'crW.·irum and Owrcx anma.ria, but a few other plants rewarded their search. Dropping down the hill again to" Manton Common, a large, stretch of heather with ponds and birch scrub, the party spent several hours exploring it to- its furthest limits, whore a wonderful patch of G-cnlirMa Pn,eumonmt-the rewarded its finders. Cladium and three JJroscms, which formerly grew here, have been ex­tinct for about fifty years.

A short call was made at Twigmoor Woods, but rain came on and only a few members found anything.

After tea with the L.N.U. at Scunthorpe, the party went on to Erumby West Common, where wild country is left close to- the· town of R(,llnthorpe. The railway viaduct and a dyke', which ,\va.s fOl'merly used

70 FIELD MEErINGR, 1950

to let in water and fertile silt from the Trent, also pl'odueed som8 un­usual plants.

On Sunday morning it was planned to visit Risby Warren, 1mt heavy rain made the rubbish tips and slagheaps of Bl'UlUby East Common a more suitable hunting ground.

In the afternoon the party went by bus to. Epworth Turbary, a relic of original peat bog surrounded by highly productive farm land. Two membeCl'S found a stubble field near the Turbary with some unusual weeds, including Teesdalia nudica·uUs, Arnos'c<ris minima, Rhioonth'Us mwjor, A.nthoxanthum PucUi and fip'era. 8pica-venti.

After .tea the party rmurned by way of the North and South Idle Drains, near the Yorkshire boundary, where several stops were made fOol' water plants.

0'11 Monday the diminished party went by car back to Manton Com­mon, and then tu Broughton 'Woods for limestonG plants, ending 11]1

'with a visit to the Ancholme Canal at Broughton Bridge, ,vhe-re ,vater plants were found in an adjoining dyke.

Appended is a list uf species which will indicate tJhe useful work done. duri.ng the week-end. It includes some records made hy the lortdf'l' in exploring the ground covered pl'ior to the. moeting.

-11- A new county reco'rd of a species listed in Comital Flora. II A new count.y record of a species not listed in Comital Flora. § A new district record of a species (the number of the district is given

in brackets). All other records refer t.o species already rC('41rded, but with incom­

plete details, from a district, and to previously unrecorded varieties.

6/21

4iJ/4 4D/6

76/1

BR/ll 103/7b 112/12

117/1 117/3 123/3 133/4

154/1

165/1

Rarn·wn.cuMM circVnatus Sibth., det. R. W. Butcher, near Broughton Bridge (2,), E.J.G.

~8-is]J?n7n"iu.rJl. uTi,eMole ]",., BrumllY East Common (2») D.P.Y. 8. oiJi.ciun,lr (L.) Scoop. val'. 7-ei(J(:(l1'1)1IQn DC., Wi.ng Mine (2),

D.P.Y. IIUnlJ7s'l:rmn perenlle (L.) All., llrumby ]1if11'!t COmmO-ll (2),

J.G.D. [Kew] T'iolo po.,lnstri8 T ... , T~l)Wnrth Turbary (1), J.G.D.

IISagina /ilicaulis Jord., Manton Warren (2), D.P.Y. Hypericum dubi1I1n Leers, Manton Common (2), A.H.n.A.

[B.M.] Mnlva. moschata L., sidG of North Idle Drain (i), E.J.G. M. negle.cta Wallr., Willg Mine- (2), n.p.y.

~.'1lilia co-rdola. Mill., llroughton "Woods (2») A.H.G.A. [B.M.] §im,patiens: alan.dtulifem. ltoyle, SGwage dyke, Scunthorpe (2),

E.J.G. Mdilotus ati'issima Thuill., conI. N. Y. Sandwith, railway

bank, Bl'umby (2'), D.P.Y. IIOo-l1Jtiea, nrb()rescen,~ J ... , BrnmllY West Common (2), .1.G.D.

185/24

194/6c

194/101<

216/1 220/6

253/2

291/2 296/4 304/1

304/3

S03/1 353/2 371/1

383/8 :386/8

415/1 415/2 419/8

419/241

FIELD MEF,'l'INGS, 1950 71

§Vicia tetrasperma, (L,) Schreb" arable field, Epwol'th (1), B.W. and J.G.D.

IIV, tenu,issima, (Bieb,) Schinz & Thell, , arable field, Epworth (1), B.W. and J.G.D. [Kew]

§Rubus nem.ora,h3' p, J, Muell" det, W, C, R. Watson, Man­ton CDmmon, J .G.D.

Rosa caninuL I" near var:.· sphaerica (Gren.) Dum" det, R. Melville, Epworth Turbary (1), D.P.Y.

§R. d1tmetoru111 11hui1l, near var, erecfio. W,-D., det. R, Mel­villa, Epwo,rth rrurbary (1), D.P.Y.

MlIriophyUwm spicatum L., Epworth (1), Epilobium tetraaO'JlJUJrn L., det. G. M: Ash, Brumby East

Common (2), J.I~.G. Si'llfln erect1..l/rit Huds" Brmnby West Common (2), ID.J.G.;

Epworth (1), D.P.Y. Lonicera Periclyme1w;m, L., Epworth Turbary (1), D.P.Y. Gali'ltm saxatile L., Epworth Turbary (1), D'.P.Y.

§Val'erianeZla Loc1~sta (L.) Betcke, Jet. N. Y. Sandwith, arable field, Manton Common (2), D.P.Y.

V. den,tnta Poll., Erm:i.ne Street, Broughton (2,), D.M.C.M., Manton Common (2), D.P.Y. '

§Riilen.s cern1lo,J ... , 'Vest Cau, Epwol'th (1); E,.J,G. and J.G.n. §,B, t'l'iparrt1.ta, L" Broughton Bridge (2), E.J.G, and B.O. Matricaria inodora, L., Dnunby East COlllmon (2), .T.G.D. &

B.W. §Senec'io ViSCOSlt,S' L" Brumby West Common (2), C.I .. ,

O'irsi11.-m a1'1Jern-se (L.) Scop. vaT. mite Wimm. et Grab., Bl'um-by West Common (2), J .I.,. G.

Picris echioides, IJ., railway hank, BTnmby (2), E.J,G, §P. hiera,cioides I •. , railway bank, Drumhy (2,), E..J.G. IIJBem,ri'lt.1n bT11,,mwo'croGeum Pugsl., det. P. D. Sell, waste

ground, Scunthorpe (2,), R.L. II. umbellatnm L., aet. p. D. Sell, Manton (2), nrnmby (2),

J.hG. 419/256 §II, vagwrn Jord" dct. P. n. Sol1, Brllmby West Common (2),

J.L.G. 421/3 425/2 515/3

543/9 545/5

558/13b

o{)8/13m

578/1

§Iiypochoel'is alaln'a L., Manton -Warren (2). *Ea,ct'lwa Serriola I ... , l'uilwn.:y s.idings, Scunt.horpe (2), D,P.Y. §Ouscutu JiJpith1Jmum (L.) Murr., on Da,'lwus Oarot'a, railway

bank, Bl'umby (2), R.C.L,H. and n.L.. IlVer01l<ica aquatica. Bel'nh., Brumby West Common (2), E.J.G. §E1.~phTa,sia -ne:rnorOBa, .crers.) H, MaTt, emend. 1,0hr, Ermino

Street, Broughton (2); Manton Common (2), D,P.Y. Mentha. arvens?'s L. vaT. obtusifoUa Lej. & Court., det. n.

Gl'aham, Bl'O'ughton Wood (2), J.I ... G. do. vaT. brevidens Fraser, aot. It. Graham, Broughtol1 'Wood

(2), J.L.G. Gak()p~is Bpe:ciosa Mill., 13nlmby East Common (2).

72

588/3 606/5 606/10b

615/32

618/9 618/1 616/1

636/1 653/2

718/5 719/4b

737/23

745/4

746/2 746/3

746/7 753/58 766/2

780/21 826/2 856/3

856/4,

856/7

FIELD MEETINGS, 1950

§Plmn.tago (}07'O'fWPUS L., Pilfrey Bridge, Eastoft (1), E.J.G. §At1'ip'lex lwsfata L., Brumby East Oommon (2), D.P.Y. IIA. hortensis L. val'. rH,bra" (Cr.) Roth, Brumby East C-ommon

(2), B,M,Q,M, IIPOMjg01t'Mn c'U;spidatum 8ieb. & Zucc., Brumby West Gom~

mon (2), Rumex co%glome1'a_i1~s Murr. Epworth Turbary (1), D.P.Y. R. Hydrola.pa,tlw,m.' Huds. Brumby West Common (2), E.J .G. Fagopyrwm sa,gittat1//m Gilib., Bl'llmby FALst Common (2),

B,W, IlFicus Owrica L., sewage dyke, Scunthorpe (2), E,J.G. Oeratophyllum demers'turn. I.., det. R. W. Butcher, Broughton

Bridge (2), E,J,G, Jurrwus i'l1,flextl..s L., Mantollj Brumby; Epworth (1), D.P.Y. Lnzula multifiora (Retz,) L'ej. var, cO'nges,ta (rrImill.) Koch,

Epworth (1), D,P,Y, §.Potam,ogei-orn pusill.l1As L., det. Dandy and Taylor, Bronghton

Bridge (2), J,G,D, [B,M,] §E~eoC'l"(tri8' aci,c'U.Lar1,s (L.) Roem. & Schult., Double, Rivers (1),

E"J,G, and J,G,l), [Kew] Scirpu.s maritirnns I,., Brllmby West Common (2), n.M.C.M. S. lacustris L., no'rth of railway, Brumby 'Vest Common (2),

E"J.G. §S, caespitos1UJ It., Manton Common (2), M, Gibbons. §Ua.rex t'lllrVa, Good., Manton Gommon (2), B.W. and n,M.C.M. §An.thoxan.th1.l!m Puelii J.e,c, & Lamottn, arable field, Epworth

(1), B,W, and J,G,D, [Kew] [B,M,] AgrO'sN.s s:tolonijera L., Ma,utnn Common (2), J.G.D.

§ Zi'est'u,ca gigan.tea (1",) Vill. Broughton Wood (2), .LG.D. DryopteriS' spinvlosa (Mli11.) 'Watt., Manton Common (2) j

Epworth (1); A,H,G,A, [B,M,] D. d'ilatata (Ho.ffm.) A. Gray, Manton Common (2) j Brnmby

Wes,t Common (2); A,H,G,A, [B,M,] :J1hcVyptM'is Ol'eopi"e'ris (Ehl'h.) C. Chr., pit near Epworth Tur­

bary (1), E"J,G, and B,O, [B.M,]

SEP'rEMBER 2nd, SURrtlW, Leader: R. A. GRAliAM.

This day excursion was for the. study uf M en,thu. In ordeI' to ac-quaint those attending as far as poss.jble with this critical group, a simple key tn the- species and hybrids was prepared by the leader and oirculated before the meeting, and members, were asked to bring this with t.hem.

The route was chosen so as to shnw as many representatives of each group gl"owing ,yild as possible. Starting at Bl'ookwood, a devious journey was made hy coach and some private cars (owners of which are thanked f.or their co-opemtion) to Pil'bright, Gllildfol'd, MOl'row, Gom-

• FJRJ-,D :n.:tEETINGS, 1950 73

shall, Friday Street and Dorking, where ten was taken in a roadhollse. Regrettably three mints, M. 1'ofumd'ifolin, M. pnlc(7iuJn and M. long'i­folia, formerly along this route, had u1;parently died out, but the latter \\'as indicated in a garden.

Mints of the following groups 'were seen ,in situ-jJI. spica,ta, M. pi.perita, M. alopecuToides, 11I. aquatica, M. a.rv-ensis, xll!, gentilis, x.M. gracilis" xM. Smit~hio,na'J xM. verticina,ta" while representatives of other groups were shown from specimens brought from tlle leader's herbarium.

Althnugh it was not intended to show interesting plants other than mints, Crataego-M espil11,S was pointed out by the roadside, and a ShOl't interlude at GOl1lshall Station produced Xanthitllrn, spimosum IJ., and xSenecio londmensis J.;ousley. At the delightfully senluded ITriday Street Mr. G. M. Ash indicated Epilobi't(,m., pa7,lI,.~ltre IJ.) and its hybrid with E. o,bscUtrum.

Weather was generally kind. A wmc1 of commendation must Le added for our coach dl'ivel', who negotiated flame very Harrow I'oads [\.Hd tricky turns.

R. A. G.

SJePTEMBEH.16th. HALLTNG DOWN. Leaden: Dr. R. METNILL,1ll and Mr. F. Ro.SE,.

This meeting was attended by 25 membe-rs and friends. Dr. Melville explained the object of the meeting which was to study the fruiting char.acters of a mixed colony 0.£ wild roses. He rend notes already made from earlier visits made to study the. ooIony. ]Uany bri aI'S were examined and labelled, as it is intended in the SUlUmer of 1951 tOo visit the same place again to study t,he flowering chal'arten, of the same bushes. A fnller account of the Ivol'k done at both meetings w"ill be given in a later report.

Some members left in the late afte1'l1oon and the remainder had tea at the King's Head, Itoel18s.ter, before retnrning to London.

J. G. D.

TT1,M8 FOn M)ADEUS' GUIDANCE. Lea.ders are reminded that thoy are l'eSpOllFlible for the production

of the Re-pod of their Field Meeting. They may delegate this duty to a suitable person. 'rho Report should contain:-

1. A list of members and guests attending. 2. A summary of the proceedings. ;l L,ist, in the ol'der of the British Plant List, of the mme interesting

plant-s observed, Yi,ith localities. It may he' preferable in somf' cases to givG separate lists for separate loca:lities.

4. Presumed new Vice.-County records should be indicated and the name of the findor given for each, and the wl18reaLouts of the voucher specimoll, as, far as possible.

74 rONYI\RERrR .. m,"~T l'ItATICH 'l'0 2Nn AT'lHJ, 1950

CONFERENCE ON nlE

AIMS and METHODS IN THE STUDY OF TIH DISTRIBUTION OF BRITISH PLANTS-March 31 to April 2, 1950

The Conference was. very successful, especially in tlle general quality of the papers presented and in the nUendanre of members_ and friends. We are greatly indebted to Mr. S. M. WaIters who at a lat.e hour took the place which had been reserved for Mr. A, J'. "Wilmott, and to Mr. C. D. Pigott who prepared bis excellent paper in loss than a week when Captain Diver was unable to come. We are very grateful to the Royal Horticultural Society for again providing their premises, to Mr. fr,. ]ij. W. Chalkley, not a member, 'who acted as an efficient lanternist and to Mr. W. H. Price who so efficiently carried thl'ougll so many of the details of ol·ganisation.

The attendance on Friday was 120 (80 memhorR, 28 stmlents. amI 2" visit,ors) and on Saturda~' 1.21. (74 members, 23 students and 2tJ visitors). The- increaso in the attendanre of students \-vould appeal' to jm;tify onl' experiment of asking for a rednced fee-.

The locture given by Dr. A. \V. J(]oos was greatly appreciated. \Ve are gratefu1 tn Miss Campbel.1 for ronducting the early neg.oMations with the British Council which led to their making fl. grant of £10 hrwards Dr. Kloos's €}~penses in this country,

We we-l'e alsn fortunate ill having R8 visitors to tlle Con-l'eren('(', _Pro£' R,. van del' Wijk of Groningen and Pro.f:. K. Facgri of Bergcn.

The Field Meeting to Qnendon on Sunday was enjoyable; 57 travelled by coach and· 7 others met us at the· woods. It was probably the bei'lt attended field meeting in the Society's history.

The Societ~r has puhlished in n sepnl'ate vnlume all the pn·pers given at the Conferenre nml an a(,COlll1t of th" Field Meeting is to he fonnel on p. G6.

fl.XRTnI'rION MEE'l'ING, 1D50 75

EXHIBITION MEETING, 1950

An E:xhibition Meeting .vas held in the, l{oyal HOl'ticnltural Society's New Hall, Greycoat Street, 'Westminster, on Saturday, 25th Novemher 1950, from 3 to 6 p.m. The attendance was a record one, comprising gO members and 28 guestB-, a total 0.£ 118. 'r'lventy-seven exhihits were put up; -of these 17 were herbarium specimens, 2 distribution maps, 3 manu­script and diagrams, 3 photographs and 2 paintings.

'1"he fonowing is a list of the exhibits, with, in most cases, notes sup­pli{1(l hy the exhibitors.

1. EXHIBTTS OF INDIVIDUAL SPECIES. THB GE-NUS POTJYGATJA L. IN KENT.

The County of Kent is interesting for its richness in this genus; five out of the six British species occur in it, Po-TJJjgala aust'l'iaca Crantz being now unknown in any other British county, having be­come extinct in Surrey.

1. Distribution Maps of the five Kentish species were exhibiwd.

PolYU(l.lu v'ti~ga-1"is L. is 'mry common throughout tho Chalk, exeept in Thanet, but rare elsewhere, though found in a few places in clayey grassland and on the Ragstone. P. se1'pyUifolria Hose is confined to acid soils) but on such soils is abundant on heatblands and woodland rides, etc. P. oX1JP,be1'a, auct. is con­fined to the Chalk and is somewhat rare, but an interesting con~ centration of its, locali.ties on the eastern escarpment near the sea eoast is noteworthy. 'rhis may be a climatically influenced distribution. P. aU-fJtriaca Crantz is very rare and occurs in 'a fow widely scattered localities, in old chalk turf across the ce-ntrj3 of Kent, with a small lo{'a.! concent-ration east of Wye, where the plant also occurs in far gre,[l,ter numbers. \

P. calcunQ, F. Schultz has an interesting udonble" distribu­tion. Tt occurs very plentifully -j,n old gl'asl'lland in mid and west Kent, usually with r. Vlll(JrtT'i<~ L. (hut does not follow this species on to relatively ne'IV chalk bank turf anu re-grassed arable land), but it fades nut eas'b of Lenham, going no further east than vVestwell. Theu, eighteen milos to the- east a form nf it roappears in foul' or flve localities about Dover, but it canno-t be found between these points. This eastern form is different from the wostern one, as, d('scribed below.

Kentisll mat~rial of P. 'Vu/auT·is .h rorms, P. calcarea F. Schultz forms, P. oxyptel'O, anct. and P. a'U,~tr?uca, erantz was exhibit8d; also P. caZcarco, F. Schultz from Rutland.

2. Some Into-resting.li'orms of Po[ygala Species Ohse-rved in Kent.

PofY!Jaln 1!'i.tlgaris J~. Besides the normal diffusely-branched form of this spocies with lanceolate-acute leaves and fiOWel'R

which, when not, pink or white, are purpl()-hlue, there occurs in eastern Kent a form which sllperficiully resembles P. calcarea F. Schultz. Examples of this we1'e shown from Alkham and ['['Olll ne-itr nOVel'. 'rhe root~leaves n-re bl'ownish-green as in P.

('({lca--rea,) ana approxhnate in arrangement to a looso rosette.

7n F,XHIBITTON Jl![lilE'l'INO, 191)0

They are broadly elliptical and very different from the cauline leaves, but are acu,te and not obtuse-spathulate as in all p, cal~ cm'ea" The fln,vers are usually bright, pure blue, like P. cal~ ca,rea, In 'Vest Kent such a colour is most unusual in p, 1l ulga,Tis

There is another form of P. v1l1ga1'is found near Lamber~ hurst on clayey hedgebanks, This is very large with 100ig flnwer~ ing stems and racemes, and has pale mauve flowers j the laterul sepals are narl'nwer than the fruit. The late Mr. J. R, 'Val1is sent this plant tOo the bte Mr, A. J. Wilmott, who identined it as P. oxypteTa Reichb., lmt it differs in size, flower colour and habit from that species, as shown. Typical specimens from ]]jast Kent and Rutland of p, oxyptera auct. were exhibited. Very la,rge pr,ostrate forms of p, v'nlgaris with pale blue­mauve, flowers occur at Chilham Downs, East Kent, and else­where, but although superficially like' the Lamberhurst plant, they possess lateral sepals as wide as the fully gTown capsnle.

P. calcQ;)"ea F. Schultz. The most reliable characters fol' separating t.his species from all forms of P. vulgaris appear to lie in: -(i) the always 'obtuse, spathulate' leaves of the bas::d rosette; (ii) the obtuse stem-leaves (in .P. vuLgaris the stcrn­leaves are always acute) j (iii) the obtus8' lateral sepals, which "bleach" at the, fruiting stage. The West Kent form appearr> similar to that found in SUl'rey and on the E.ast Sussex ClJalk, but the form found near Dove-r differs hom this. The differ­ences are, as follows:-

Surrey, Mid ancI V'lest Kent Plant. 'Dover Dlstriet Plant.

i

Usually vel'y deep IJlue, Always of a much paler Flowers though fading in fruIt to blue (pinlr rlllrl whlln

whillsh blue (pink and forrns not notecl), smaller white forms occur but (3-S mm. long). are rare), large (5-0 mm. long).

Long, usually 6-12 cm. in Always much shorter, 2.S-}'lowering length above l'OMtte, stt'IJ- 6 cm. long, rarely morc.

shouts 8r8ct. above rosette, usually Pl'ostl'aic.

TJpper stem- Usually ovel" 10 mm. long. Usually 5-:10 mm. long. lea,ves

, Hadical Large (5 mm. wide, 10-12 Smaller, up to 5 mm.

leaves mm. long}, tiat. wide, G-B mm. long. l,eeled.

Habitat In old Chalk grassland on In olel Challt grassland on both N. and S. slopes, both N. aud S. slopes, among Rromus erectus, among Ji'estu(;a ovina. Fesluca ovlna, Poter1.um Briza media, HtPPOcl'ep1.s, Sangllisorba, Hippocl'epi8, BrachUllodilum llinnatum etc. (where latter grass is

grazed short),

1';XHlDI'I'Il)X MKltJ'IlNG, 1060 77

It is proposed to investigate theso plants 1110re fully a,nd to malw cytologi.cal investigations. The exhibitor has them under cultivation in flower pots of chalk soil at present. The anatomy is being examined, but so far no. obvious differences have heen noted here.

There is an isolated area of distribution 0.£ P. calca,rea all the Oolitic JJimestone of Hutland, East Leicester, v.-c. 55, and S.W. Lincs., v.-c. 53, where the [,arm of the species is rather like, the East Kent plant in the size of l'oot- and stem­leaves, but the stems are taller, slenderer and laxer flowered. The Rutland plant ,has deep blue flowers, but the Lines. plant is paler, and has flat root-leaves of thin texture.

It will bo interesting to see what forms of P. calca1'ca occur in northern If'rance.

SIJ,EINE NU'l'ANS AGG. IN KFiNl'.

Material of the three forms of this aggregate in Kent wu!:> ex~ hibited as follows:-

1. Sil,ene 'f!/U!~wn.s L. sec. Moss (S. dubio Salmon non Herbieh; S. italica sec. Hanbul'Y &;; Marshall in .li'~. I(ent, 1899, non Pers.; S. pa,tens Peets in Bug. Bot. Hlkpp~.; S. pwra.do'Xa 8m.), from Dungeness shingle beach. (Reported also at Dover by Poete).

2. S. nu,ta,1J.s auot. non L. (S, rmtans L. var. Srnithia,nn Moss in Ca-rnl! .. Hrit. Flora), front cliffs on Chalk at St Margare,~Js Hay, Dovol' and Folkestou8. (Reported alO!o from Shol'n~

c1iife, 8anc1ga.te, by G. Walton, 1925, in S.E. N((t'UlT<~ti'lit

Suppl.).

3. S. itali,", Pers. from Greonhithe, W. Kent.

Distribution maps were shO"w11 of the first two in Kent.

F. ROSE.

MON'L'lA FON'I'ANA L.

N.'''. European material of Montia can be separated, on the basis of characters of the ripe seed, into fonr groups, all of which are represented in Britain. One 0.£ these

j M. 'VC'f'na

Necker, shows no sign of intermediates to the others, and dif­fer~ also from them in habitat and correlated ha.bit, being typi~ cally a small annua-l of wet sandy ground subject to seasonal drying. (In the E. Mediterranean, however, plants with seed characters somewhat intermediate botween M. verna and an­other form do seem to occur). T~e other three plants do not seem to. show clear boundaries in the seed characters, but each has a ch<ll'acteristic geographical distribution .. These are:­the Northorn plant, which has been called M. lamprosperm(J, Ohamisso; a W. European plant) M. lu,sitanica Bampaio, which

78 EXllIllL'l'l()!,\ :;\n~ETIN(!, ID5(1

has boen called in lll'lkin M. jUlltana \'lt1'. in.tl:l'lIl().(Ii(~ (Booby) Druce j amI a plant with seed type intermediate between these two and some,rhat Y[Ll'illble, much material of which 'hai:l gone u:p.de,l' the name of M. 1'ivu1aris.

Seeds of the foul' British typel:i 'were exhibited under the binocular miuroscope, together ,vith (vo,ry illcOl~lplete) distri­bution ma.ps fOl' Brituin und N.'V. Europe. The t:iuggesti;m was made that the best taxonomic treatmell't of the aggrega te would be to tro'at all foul' as geographical subspecies of the Linnea.n species 11.fonhu., jontana. A paper setting out the taxonomic and l10menclatural conclusions is in preparation.

D. E. A.LI.EN.

S. M, WAL'rEIHJ.

SI'EGl:MEi'lS 011 nEO.l1NTLY· DH!COV1UtEJ) lW.HI IN KEN'!' AND SUSSEX.

Il"he account of thi.'l exhibit by Mr. \V. G. U. Watsun will nppoar in an carly number' of TVatso'niu.

AN INT.l!Jl~E,STING l!Jl'ILODIUM l.'Ol'U]A<\'rION,

In June 1917 a Yory mixed l)Ooj)lllatiotl of Epilobi11111 .speriet:l .vas found growing in [;, neg1ected garden ill HOU01' Oak !toad) ]'orest Hill, Londoll, S.E.23. The. population included E. adenocllu,lon. Hausskn. (abundant), E. montwnurn 1,. (abu1ldant)j E. r"Oseurn Schreb, (rather abundant), E, tetrogonurn L. om. Curt. (sparso) and E, ob'se'Ul'lun 80h1'e1. (spanio), b', hirsutlwi L. was also present 103 ya,rds a:wuy, but Hot 'with the Jllixed populat,ion.

S.amples of the population (exhibited) \vore kindly deter­mined by Ml'. G. 1\L A~hj who founu that the following hybrids .vere, also appar~ntly represented:-

E, adenocaulon X 1'OSC1./iJn

E. monianum X r'uscw'ft. E. ietra,go-nurn X 1'ose'll1Jl

E. montwnum X par-vi/lor1li1n

Of these, IV[r. Ash bellevel::l that the first and third have pro­bably not pl'eviouOlly been recorded, at least for Britain. 11e­garding the fonrth, it should be noted that the putative parent E. pU1"v'iiio'f'Unt L. was not ac'Lually observed in the garden.

The fact tha,t E. 1'Oseum entered into the compQsition of three of the ob~e'nred hyl)rids is noteworthy, in view of the fact that the maiu flowe1ring of this species to-ok place quit,e 10 days .after that! of the other four species comprising the popula­tion.

H. K, AIRY SnAW,

EXI-UIH'l'IU~ MEE'f1NO) 1950 7D

Hltl~_'18H Sl'EUIlH:, OF m.!ICAEA.

Thr0e species o£ Enchanter's Nightshade OcellI' in Britain, C. lutetia-na L., widespread, O. canoclensis Hill, common in Scot­land but thinning out· ill England and not recorded south of Derby alld South -Wales, and lastly O. alpina L. with a distri­bution supposedly similar to that of 0, ca·nadensis. 0, alpimu, hOW0Y8'1', is a much misnndel'~t.ood plant and often confused -with C, canadensis, Its true distribution in Britain is not at all accurately known,

Correctly determined herba.rium specimens of these three plal1ts we,re shown, to dra,v attention to the problem .of ascer­taining tbe- real distribution 01 C, alpina in Britain. lfrom a perllsal of the shee.ts of Oi1'Cu(;'u in several public and priva,te herbaria, it is evident that a relrision of this small genus is llecessary before the distribution 0'£ the species caJ.l be accu­rately 'mapped, Some botanists have considered that O. w,nadensis'is a hybrid between C. litdetiana and O. alpirna. This needs tn be investigated by cytolo'gists, It is not with­out significance in this connection that C. canu.dens'ts rarely sets frllit in this conntry, all ilo'w8r us-uaUy dropping be£ol'e fruit del\~elops. 0, alpina is as abundantly fertile as O. l-utetiana, and occasionally sets fruit from deistogamous flowers,

1111e three species may be distinguished !lfl below, but fur­ther study may revise these characters.

(J, lutetiam.a ]~, J",eaf petioles sub-to'rete, no·t winged j leaves dull, hirsute, ovate.) tapering, somHtimes suboordate at base; no bractoole .at base of :flowor pedicel; :flower largej fruit aJJlllldant, two-seeded.

0, w.nadensis Hill, Leaf petioles flat, nal'l'owly winged j leaves shining, subglabrous, ovate, tapering; bracteole minute, snbulate, deci.duollil j :flower much as in O. lu,t,eti.­(Una., j fruit very scarce.

O. al,vina L. Leaf petioles :flat ,,,ith membranous wing; leaves shining, sub glabrous, thin, roundish and rather abruptly acuminate; bl'act<coIe rather more conspicuous, persistent j :flower very small j fruit frequent) one-seeded,

1 should be glad to see and determine fres,h or herbarium specimens at any time of O. canadensi,s and 0', alpina, All l'e H

cords of the latter in county :floras and lists need revision. 0, atp,ina will, I think, prove to- be a decidedly rare plant in Britain, E. C. WALLACE"

HIERACIA OF' THl£' SEC1'ION ALP})STRTA FROM THE SHETLANDS,

rrhe- Se-ct·ion A.lpestriu Il'ries is included by Pugsley in his "Sectiollum Grex" l'ransitoria,. He recognised 13 species as representing the Section in Britain; of these 12 are endemic and 10 have been found only in the Shetlands (V,MC. 112).

80

•

The exhibit included 8 of the special Shetland spe.cie:-; urrullged ill pairs, as follows, to demonstrate the characters llsed fOol' identification.

Series DOVIt,I!:NSIA. H. pu.lcheUijoTrne ('V. R. Linton) Pugsley.

H. zetlandicUlII1 Beeby. Series PROIl'RAOl'A. H. pS8udo-prohnctum Pugsley.

H. hethla.ndiae (F. J. Hanb.) pug,,:dey. Seriel:, 8Ulll<'OLlOSA A, 1I. aru,stm~iU-.'! (Beeby) Pugsley.

H. 8ubtruHcatu'[n Booby, B. ]-I. pmethu·krwJ.e Pugsley.

H. 'V1fn.aCeUm (Beeby) Pugsley.

With the exception 0'£ 1I. p'seudo"'p1'otrad'u.m all the species are ext'l'emely local. They exhibit a slll'lJl'ising variation from phyllopodollS to hypophyl1opOJOllS j and aphyl)opodous plants within a single group.

J. E.. LOUSLEY.

SPEOIME'NS sHo,.i'ING MINT' IRREGULARI'TIES.

Twenty-five sheets of Mentha were !Shown, chosen to iUustmte irregularities in characters that rendered identification difficult, and to· exemplify cortain forms of freak gro-wth. In the formel' category we,re hirsute forms of 111'. spicata L, em. Huds., Rnd xM. gentiUs L., and a rare form of x M., verticill-o,ta. 11, in which the calyx-tubes and pedice]s, usnally hirsuto, were glab­rous, An unusual example of freak gl'owth was shown in n, normal stalk of M. cit'ratOh Ehrh., which, after a foot of upright growth had bent backwards to' the ground, and had become a runner.

R. .A.. GRAHAM,

r';LODM CAIJLI'l''ltIcnOilDE,S AND ASSOCIA'l'ED RIVEn. PLANTS.

Elodea caUritrichoid,es (Planch,) Casp. (exhi.bited as ft momber of the genus Lwgarosiphon owing to a misidentification) is a South American water plant which has recently become estab­lished in the Longford Ri.ver, Middlesex. It is used extensively by aquarium enthusiasts and it has been suggested that its in­trodu'ction may be due to- material thrown out by an aquarist. It is very rampant in growth and, if the history of Elodea canadens.is Michx. can be- taken as a precedent, it i~. likely to spread rapidly over a considerable a.reft.

It was first noticed by me in the Longford River at Stanwell at the end of September 1950) but I understand that Dr George Taylor found it nbout two years earlier in the River Colne at Harefield. It may have spread fro-m thero to, the JJongford River. It is of interest that· only female flowers have been found up to now.

EXHIJH'l'lON MEETING, 195U K!

At f::ltanwell the pla.ut was gl'owing in great profusiun awl lfl places i,t threatened the existence of the other species ex­hibited. Amongst these were Potamogeton cri-spu-s l,. and P. dens1,-s L.: the. former restricted to a small patch in the shade of a fo-~tbridge, the latter in greater quanti.ty. I remember another Poiamoge-ion (nOot identified or exhibited) which used

"to grow quite commonly but which is no-W extinct for [t, stretch of three to foUl' hundred yal'ds of the River.

The only plant which appears not to be threatened is Zan­nichellia pal:u.str'is L. which remains aominant in the swifter parts of the wate,r. In contrast Elodea cwnaden-si,s Michx, is lWW difficult to' find.

Other species exhibited were :-Ranuncuhul fiuita'!1s Lam. (occurring in slllaU quantity); OaUitriche stagnalis Scop. and C. intermedia HoHm. (many plants) but only near the banks), Jl'V'I'iophyUu1n ve1·ti,cWaturn 1.1. (uncommon) and Lernna rni1w1' L. (growing freely).

. H. C. GRIGG.

EI'II'AU'l'IS VE:CT,]!;'NSIS ('1'. & '1', A. STEl'H.) llnOOKE & ROSE.

As ::t result of S0,ul'ching various herbaria, numerous fresh records of IiJ, veGte'n-sis (sensu latu) have been brought to ligllt in the last few youJ.'s, and in some cases it has been possible to rc-find the ol'iginal colonies. 80me entirely llew stations have al~o heen discoyered. The e.xhibit showed specimens from 8011).e of the localities fOlmcl or l'e-found in tho: last two yem's, and also a distribution map which d,emollstrated that the species OCCllI'S chiefly on calcareolls so-ils, although it is not confined bo them.

The distillction JJSt-W0011. B. vectensis a.nd .lJJ. pend'U-ta C. Thus., dl'awll ill Wrttsvni-a 1, 108 (1949), is now seen to, be 1111-

::;ati::;factol'Y. Some of the specimens recently examined show intermediate characters, and mixed characters somotimes occur in a single colony. A remarkable range of variatio-n is found in one colony in a beech-wood on the Cotswolds in E. GI~s. (v.-c. 33), originally discoverod by Lady Davy in 1935 (spm. in lIb. D1'llCB, as JiJ. lep'tochila Godf.), and re-found by the ex:­hibitor this year. Here within an area of about :l sq. mile grow pla.nts wi~h almost evc'l'Y combination of

perfect labeHum degenerate lahellnlll t

01' potaloiJ labellu1ll j with j sessile anther

( podunculate anther

Sketches to illustrate theso WO'l'D displayed.

D. P. YOUNG.

82

OltoHlS 'I''ltAUNS'l'illNE,RI SAUT. • The specimens shown were collected in Bcraw Eog, ('0. West~ meath, v.~c. H23, in June 1950. The species has previously been recorded from Ireland by H. Osvald (U Notes on the Vege~ tatio.ll, of Er"itish and Irish Mosses," Acta PhytoQ(JofJ1'aph'icu SU(Jcica, ,26: 1949) as occurring in Athlone Bog (v.~c. H25) lLbout 30 miles from the present locality, The deten~ination of the Scraw bog pla,ut was confinned from hesh material hy Dr. P. Vel'meulen. It is premQtnre as yet to a.ssociate the Irish plant ,vith any oJ' the very nllme1'ous named 'continental forms beyond stating tha.t in the sub~division of the species given by Kellel' &; Schlechter (1I1onoamplvie und lconogm,phie der Orchid(Jwn EU1'opas etc., 1928-1940) the Seraw Hog form has closest a,ffinity with vat'. e1f,-'f!munste'ineri Asch. &; Gl'aeb. A fuller account of the- Irish plant (with commellt on the nomen­datural problem) is in the course of preparation.

The locality, Sera", Bog', about t m. east 0.£ I,Jough O,vel, Go. Westmeath, is a notabl~, Qne. It consists of a depression in the limestone ill which has developed bog \vith rather a mixed ass,ellublage of species7calcicolos and llQn-calcicoles. l'yro~a rotundAloMa, 07w1'a tomentos'a and Nitella tenuiss'ima occur here,.-plants all of which possess extremely limited ranges in Ireland. O'fChis 'PTau.nsic'inM"i is common in the south~eastel'n end of the bog. 'l'he drier marginal zones support O. If1u,chsii; no other daotylorchids were, seeu in the' bog in 1950.

O. CltUENT'A MULL.

A paper giying descriptive, distributional and other data l'e~

lating to this s.pecies appeared in Wa,tson'irx (vo1. I) pt. VI, p. 366-S75). The, specimens on show were collected in u calcareous marsh on the- shnres of Lough Cal'ra., Co. Mayo, v.-C. H26, neur Keel Bridge, all the road be'tween Ba11i111'obe a.nd Pariry.

J". HEBLOP-HARltISON.

UAltEX VULPINOIDIM MICHX.

The svecies is wic1espreail as a natiye in eastern Canada and U.S.A. and has been found in S. America in Colombia. It is, or has been, naturalised in various parts of Europe.

'fhe,re have been fe." OCCUl"rences in Britain (see B.E.O. 1937 Rep., 459, 1938), the most recent bei.ng in a damp hollow at 'rac1worth, Surrey, v.~c. 17, l"hellce specimens wel'e 8hO"W11.

Here it was discovered by Mr. C. T. prime towards the end of June 19"50 gmwing luxuriantly amongst native vegetation.

Specimens werB also shown from a chalk-pit a.i Green St,reet Green, ne'ar Farnborough, 'V. Kent, y.-c. 16, where I found it in July 1937. Here it was growing amongst old sleepers under

J',XHlDlTlON :UKI!:TING, ID5lJ 8,1

dry c'bn(iition::; and was ve'l'J much less luxuriunt. destroyed by further dumping of rubbish.

1L was

J-. E. LOUSLEY.

AlEA ]1ULTlClJLlIHS DUJI.{OR'l".

This_plant, variously (']as::;ed as a species, sUbspecies or variety of A. ca,ryophyllea, L. in the past, has been shown tOo possess twice as many chromosomes as the latter. -When typical, it is easily recognisable by its much more robust growth in dense tufts, oontl'acted panicle and smaller, more swollen glumes. It also differs in its relatively very broad, dense, glaucous winter­ing tufts, and in the numerous new flower'ing culms, which are de.ve~oped from the base- of the culms which have passed out of Bnwer. r!'his afte1'-flowering may cnntinue through the whole summer and autumn and pe,rhaps even winter, 80 that polyploidy has been accompanied by an extension in the duration of life-.

The species has a \vell defined distribution, being a native of: No,rth Africa and South-west Europe, north tOo England and Holland. Dumortiel' found an ecological diffGr(mce in Belgium: A. mult'iculmis frequents wood borders there, wheiI"eas A. carr-lIop.J~lJllea keeps to bare, sandy places.

Tn England it is known from Surrey and Buckinghamshire, and it also grows on at least two- of the Channel Islands. There are more doubtful records from Devon and other southern counties. More matel'ial is needed before its English distribu-tion can be ascertained in detail. "D. El,. ALLEIN.

VEGIDTATlVE R.EPRODUCTION IN OPHIOGLOSSUM VUJ"GATUM L.

The two sheets exhibi.ted were of three plants of the Adder's­tongue fern collected at, Mnchras, Met'ionoth, during the Dol­gelley excursion in July 1948, and grown at Kew for two years . .It is well known that this fern Tspl'ocluces vegetatively by means of adventitious, buds on its roots, but it is very difficult, owiJ1g to the brittle nature of these roots, to obtain specimens demon­strating this fact. During the two years of cultivation at Kew, the three, original plants had produced, 0\' were in tll8' process of producing, eleven new plants, at distances of from three to nine inches from th€'ir rootstocks. That the original plants were also formod in this way is clemonst,rated by the fact that at the 10w9r extremity of each vertical rootstock is a continuouR horizontal l'oot. An examination nf specimens in the Kew her­barium indicates that most of these originated in this manner. It seems probable'l there-fore, that tJlis species relies mainly on these mot buds as a me-ans of reproduction, the conditions ne(~0S­sary fnr the germination of spores and development of prothalli possibly o-ccul'l'ing only infrequently in many of it,<j habitats, and obse,rvations in the field tend to support this, the plants usually being found in more 01' less compact colonies.

PETEiR r::t.'AYLOlt.

DRl'l'ISH CHAltOPHY'l'A.

Dried specimens of two ml'O species of Nitelfrr ,yere Rhown :-.". N. tenurissima Kue.tz. collected by G. H. 110cke and C. \Vest 111 Sept. 195{) from a new,localit.y near Stoke Ferry, \r. Norfolk, and N. mUC1'onata Miq. var. hete!''Onlo1'1)'lia Kuetz. collected 1)), L. C. Lyon and myself in June 1D50 from Amberloy 'Wild Brooks, W. Sussex.

U nde'r a low power binocular some- slides were shown from my " British Charophyta, slide series] "

2. ]~XHl13I'l'S OF MIXED 8P~CllflS.

1'1,AN'l'S OF DEltKSnIR]]:.

'1'ho exhibit consisted of twelve of tJ10 rnoro uncommon ]"llant:,; found in the county 0.[ Berkshire, mounted as helibarium speei­mens. Chief among them WOl'S:~

lllec'ebrwm ve'1't1.ciUa,tulIn L. Rediscovered at the cdge of a sandy road near Wellingtnn Collegfl, Bcrks, in 1949. Prior to 1891, this plant was recorded only from Cornwall, Devon, and the· Channel Isles, so its discovery in that year near the damp sandy margin of a pool near -Wellington College, Berks., was of singular interest. Drllce in his 1919 Sup­plement to- his Flora. 01 Berkshire, records it again for tha.t area, so it is most, cnc0l11'agil1g to know that during fifty oud years, this uncommon little plant. is still holding its own.

Anemone Pulsat,iUa, L. FOLlnu on the Be,rkshiro Downs, has· sur­vived the most ruthless blasting from shell pradice during the war. The threat· now is from a too rllthl~ss picking and up-rooting of plants which may ensue from a more eu.sy accessIbility to' the slope on -which it gr·ows.

IIottonia palwi,trisl• L·. One of the plants which is uni'o~·tunately

suffering, from the vast- s'ystem of drainage th,tt is being carried out in many parts of England. It has gone from two localities in t.he Dorough of Heading, where fol'Juol'ly it fl.ouris.hed, but it still survives with diffculty in a pond near Grazeley, Berks.

F'ritillaria Me~eaO{I1'is L. Continues to flourish in some damp meadows by the ltiver Loddon near Heading.

Droscra 1'otundifoUa 1i. and D. longiJolia I,. Found in se\'el'al bog areas in the· county.

Lotus siliquosus L. This forage. plant of S.outh .I~urOP0 appears to bo spreading on one or two chalk slopes.

K. I. BUTLHR.

FlXHIHITYON MF.El'ING, 1.£)50 85

SPEC'IlIf:IDNB OF PLANTS COLLECTED ON 'I'HE IN'.rFJRNATIONAL EXOURSION'S

'XO·:-

i. The- Abisko district of Northern Lapplanc1, and ii. the Alps, with a, diagram to show the route taken.

A.. N. Gmm:'.

RT'I~CIMFlNS VEtOM ~\l-m nUJ!.R.EN, co. CI,ARr:. F. M. BARTON.

3, MAPS,

]-[AI'S TI,T,USTR.ATINQ -~'HF! SPltEAD OF BOME· RF;T,ATIVm,Y RECENT ADDITIONS

~'O THE BRITISH WRfF:·n FJ>01tA.

(These maps, together with speoimens of the speoi~s qon~ cerned, formed an exhihit which was included in the rI'e1l1porl1l'Y Exhibition (\Veeds and 'Veed Control' .held in the Department of Botany, National Museum of Wales, Cardiff, May-Ootober 1950. Exhibited by the courtesy of the Museum.)

The maps rolate in the main t,n plants whioh have oome into this o·ountry since i,he year 1800, though a f·ew species are in~ eluded which arrived earlier but did not spread until more reoently. Each map is tinted so as to show how the species con~ ce,rned has spread within the British I~Jles since the date of' its arrival or first record. (The time value of the various tint~ employed varies from one' map to another.)

It was formerly supposed that most weeds of cultivation were lll­

traduced into this country by mlln in the course of plant and animal husbandry, but many wild species at present confined to fields and waste places are now known to have colonised the ground loft bare by the deoay of the ice sheet at the end of t.he last Glacial Period. If, as seems probable, tllese plants have persisted in suitable situations ever since, they must be regarded as natives. Douhtless, their numbers have a180 been swolled in the course of time by other species brought in with grai.n; this kind nf invasion must b[1ve begun some 4,000 years ago and probably is still going 011; it has been reinEo,reed in the neighbourhood of seaports by the former practice of ballasting.

Until about 1930 01' later ships used to arrive in Wales from abroad carrying ballast in the form 0:£ soiJ or sand. This material \vas disoharged on arrival and dumped at or near the port concerned; from the many weed seeds -which it contained sprang the alien plants still to be found growing around the docks.

Some of our more recently established weeds have escaped from gardens.

H. A. HYDE' & A. K i,VADFJ.

SELF,O'l'ED MA.l'S SHOWING THE DIS'j'RIBUTION OF VARIOUS SPECIF,S IN THE

r8.Ui} O·~ MAN. D. E. ALLEN.

86 F,XHIllITION MF.E'l'ING, 1950

4. MS. AND DIAGRAMS.

GEOGRAPHICAl, F.iItFJMENT'S IN PLAC'fT DISTRIBUTION OF QLOUCESTERSHIRJ':,

T'he florist-ie, ,as distinct from the ecological, distribution of plants involves geographical factors, and is" in effect, to be determined by the comparison of fio-ras. The total of species of any' one CO'Wn-tT'lI comprises an artifieial flora; true floras are independent of national boundaries.

Pl'ofesllor J. R, Matthews (Journ. Ecol., 1937, 25, 1-90) has made, a classification of true floras of continentat Europe and has termed these Elements, distinguishing ftfteen. Ignoring speoies which are common to many 01' all of them, he has listed the species which appear to belong to each Element in the sense of having the.jr head-quarters in it,

As Britain has been almost completely rec.olonised from the cont,inent since the last Ice Age, the geographical d'istributi(!n of British plants must be studied by determining the locations of the species peculiar to each Element which bave reached this country,

The Tnbles exhibited are an attempt to indicate by figureB and graphs the distribntions of ten of the Element-s which al'e

those which appea,r to occur in Glouc'e,stershire. The area ap~ peared to. be too small for one to hope fol' any conclusions, iJut some points of interest seem to emerge,

~L'ABLES.

Each Table shows tho distribution of the speciefl of an Ele­ment in Gloucestershire and Britain in vertical columns. '1'he first eight columns represent botanical districts as used in the Flora. of Oloucesf;ershire. These are (1 omitted): 2a, 2b The Vale j 3 R. Leadon area j 4. Forest of Dean and Wye Valley j [j

Bristol district j 6 Stroud district; 7a North Cotswolds and 7b South Cotswolds. The' next columns indicate areas in Britain -South England, Midlands, North England, J.1Qowlands and Highlands. a=acidophile, 1=b8.sic (ca]ciphile), (N), (W), (8)= north, west and south marginal. Number at bottom of list of: namcs=nnmber or species \",hose distrihution is general. AlienR nmi.tted. 251 speC'ies, ,ont of t,he Glos. total 0'[ 1189 specieR, ~~

21 % " al'e; 111.chHled in the 'l'ables.

CONCC[,USIONS.

Tables XI and XTI show districts 4 and t5 as having a marked excess of species over the others. These t,vo dis­tricts are the western ones and might be termed 'Oceanic Districts' . This excess is much greater with Oceanic IDlements than with Continental Elements. The less varia.ble graphs are of the three Continental Ele­ment.'1, whicb are mon adapted to cold hills and dry Va10.

J

EXHIBITION MEF.rINO , 1950 87

Average excess % of;3 Continenta'I-s in 4 anc15 over 7;:::22%, Average excess % of Mediterranean and 3 Oceanic in 4 and 5 over 7=64%. Table XIII shows the 2 groups with Littoral species ex­cluded. Here both graphs are flatter, and 15 % of species approHching from E. could not cross Cots­wolds and had to find their way round. 30% of species approaching from S.\V, were unable to ascend Cotswolds, though they found their way round to counties to- the east. rrhel'efol'e Cotswolds have been a greater barrier by 15 % to the eastward passage of southern species than to t~e west­ward passage of a·astern sjlecies.

Table XIV Analysis shows:-

The first seven Elements show noarly equal percentages for Gloucestershire and Britain. ':1:he three chie.f Cont·inental Elements are largest for both. % of total Continental Elements are the same in both. % or total Oceanic Elements are the same in both .. This indicates that Gloucestershire is botanically a Midland connty, being a meeting place of two sets of ecological factors, and so. of the l'oprosentntin's of these, the Continon­till ttnd the Oceanic Elements,

W. R. PruOE.

UN(,OM:PLF.11'EU MANUSORIPT' OF ,THE "FJ .. ORA nF 'l'HF. RUGBY DIS'l'RICT".

'l'his ,vas compiled while the aut,hot' wa.s at school, and will be puhlished in parts as supplements to the Annual Ueports of the Hughy 8cho.ol Natural Histol'Y Society.

D, Ji], AT,UlN.

RO'l'ANICAL (lARTOONS,

Rxamplos WOl'e oxhihitt'd fro!!l two of till' books ('olltl1ining f1

remal"ku bIe series of cartoons by Ii A. Carex " issued in Berlin in 1870.

Eciden 11..nd F1'e1tden des Botarni,kers, Part I, illustrating Cl SOt'l'O\vs and Jo.ys 0.[ Botanists," was one of the books shown. Each cartoon oaricatures an experience familial' to all in~

tercsted in plants-the one se.lected for display being No. 14., Ii Das schoenste Exemplar so no.he und <loch nicht zu errei­chen J) (the finest specimen so near and yet out of reach).

The nther book chosen for exhibition was IUustra.t'ianen Z1(1'

dcutschen Flora, Ed. 2, in which each cartoon caricatures one 0.1' two species of phanerogams. The example shown.-portrays a nodding stone~mason hy his work, No. 40 in the book, and neatly represents Saxilraaa cermla L,

.T, E. Lo.USLEY.

88 EXHIBITION ME.E'l'ING J 1950

l'I-IO'I'OQR.API-IS AND SPECIMENS ILTJUSTRATINQ LA COUPE BO~I.'ANIQUE DES

AJ~PE'8. M. S. CAMPBEU.

5, PHOTOGRAPHS,

I'HO'l'OG:ItAPHS Q.F DACT'YLORCHIDS.

Seventeen photogrnphs were Sho.Wil, all of pln.nts 'in situ. rl'hey included pictures of the commoner English species and, of these, fonr plants of O. cri,cetUrtlm1 from one COla.llY showed striking yariation. III additio-ll, photographs of two S;wedish forms of O. 1naculata were shown, and of a hybrid between on8 nf -them and Ooeloaloss'll4n 'Viride.

M. C. F. IJRoc'roR.

PIIO'l'Oa:RAPHS ,OF THE FmJ,D ME11l'I'ING AT HALLING DOWN.

These were taken at the meeting arranged for the study of Ro::;es on September 16, 1.950' (see p. 7:-3). They Bhowed tho leadm' dflUlonstra'ting the characters of several bushes, and gronps o.f members discmsing the special subject of the day.

K. H. LE RUE"UR.

6, PAINTiNGS,

1',\JN'J'lNOS Ol~ ,F;THIOPIAN PIrtANIl'S.

A rollection of paintings of Bixty flowering plan,t,<; ('o1l8('tN1 hy MrI'J. C. :r... CnrIe and her daughter, Miss Christian Cnrle, in Ethiopia duriug 1948-194,9. 'rho majority were from -the dis­trict aronnd Addis Ababa, llUt some 'were from the south_ western province of Jimrna and. the forest region 0,£ Kaifa.

O. L. CURLR.

NORTH LONDON FlJNGl (10I,T,F.O'l'ED AUTUMN 1950, PAINT'INGS AND LIVING

SPRCIM"FlNS. M. SCHOJ;F,Y.

(( VIO:WTIIA REGIA )l-THR RMBT,EM. OF THE SOCIEWY

"VICTORIA REGIA "-THE EMBLEM OF THE SOCIETY

By J. E. I.OUSI,EY

This paper was read after the Anllual G(,llE'l'f\.l ME'eting 011 April 14th, 1951.

8D

(Certain epithets are spelled in this paper with initial capital::; fl.R in the original Pllblication althol1gh this is contrary to modern lUmgf'.­

J.E.L.)

The Society'::; emblem a.s printed on the title page of the Year Rook and ee-rtain othe-r publications i.s n drawing of a tropical water-lily. It is headed "Victoria regia" and llnderncat-h are the words "Flol'oat ]'lora". The design has no very obvious connection with the present activitie"s of the Society and it is not surprising that its 11se puzzles many of our members. As the associat.ion of the plant with 0111' early history is apparently not widely known, the present paper is intended to mnkn this clear.

The Victoria, Royal or Amazons Water-lily is ·one of the· most remark­able productions of the vegetable world. The huge, round, floating lea;ves', sometimes over six feet in diameter, with firm margim. raiBcu several incheR at right a.ngles to the- water, aro so-. strong that they can carry tJ-Je weight of a nine-year old child. Caspary fonnd that the:" could increase four or five square feet in twenty-four hours, and that they could grow in length at the rate of about an inch an 11.0111' when just expanding. On 1>110 lower surface they have a claRe netwOl'k (Jf

prickly veins; the petioles are like massive cables covered in prickles. The fio'wers measllJ:'8 twelve to() eighteen inches in diameter and open in the evening. In cultivl1tiol1 in this country these great plants arn grown annually from seed, and it is often difficult to convince visitor8 to Kew tha.t slJCh a large structuro has been produced in tllC COllrse of [t single se-ason.

British botanists first heard of the discovery of this plant at a meet­ing.of the Botanical Society of Tjondon on Reptemher 7, lR87. TlliR Society bad been established ·on July 21th 0-[ the- provious ye·ar, at a "Meeting of the Practical Botanists in London" convened at the Crown and Anchor Tavern in the Strand. I t,<; activi.ties induded the exchango of herbarium material. 'Phis work has continued 'without a significant break under various titles, to bo expanded aga.in within living memory into the wider fUllctions nf onl' Bota.nical Socioty of t,he British Isles.

In 1835 tIle guyal Geographical Society sent R. H. Schomhurgk to British Guiana and in July 1837 their Secretary received from him fI

packet containing drawings and fI, description of the water-lily in dupli~ cate (I.iindley, 1851). In accordance with his request one set was for­warded to the Secretary of the Botanical Society of London. H was exhihi,tod and discussed at the September meeting of 0111' fOrrl'lll1l'lf'n.,

un " VIC~'On.IA nE{}JA "--THE l<:1I:tDLEM OF THE SOOIE'fY

already mentioned. Schombul'gk's account of the circumstances in which he found the «vegetable 'wonder!l flnd his descriptions of its various parts were read in full. The drawings prepared in South Ameri.C'1t werB exhihited and the Pl'esident (J. E. Gray) then proposed:-

('that Mr. Schombnrgk's iutention of naming it after her present Majesty VICTOlUA should be carried into execution, her Majesty having pl'€Jyiously granted'her permisBion. Tt was theref01'8 named 'Victoria Regina' J and the Society ha.s adopted this plant as it"! emblem ... n

The name was printed as "Victoria Regina.-Schom burgle". It seeffiR

that specimens followecllatel'J and a leaf was exhibited at the, Society's meeting of April 6, 1838. T111S leaf the Council "deemed advisable to deposit in the· Herbarium ·of the British Museum" and it may still be seen in the collecti.ons at the Natural History Museum. It is. mounted on two folded double sheets-oue opening out to, show the upper, and the other the lower, surfaces of part of the huge leaf. There is also material 'of the gathering at Kew and Cambridge, (see below).

The first printed account of the mee.ting; of the Botanical Society of London of Sept-ember 7, 1837, appeared in the issue of the Athenaeum ,Tonrnal for two days later. Schomburgk's description was quoted at length and the name given as Victoria reg'ina~it was the earliest pub~ lication nf thE} name (Schombul'gk, 1837a). On Soptember 11th, J. E.. Gray read SchombUl'gk's letter again and exhibited the drawings at a. meeting of the British Association, and this was reported the, fonowing month (Gray, 1837a). In November, Gray published the letter in the Ma-aazine of Zoology amd Botany' (Gray, 1837b). This was accompanied by a plate on wbich the name- is gLven as ViC"toT'ia Regcdis (Schombul'gk, 1837b). rrhe first (and only) pal't of the P1'oceedin.g,~ of the Botan.ical Society of LmJ,don, containing an ucoount of the- meeting of September 7, 18:37, "\vith reproductions of Schombul'gk's drawings, did not appear until 1839 (Schomburgk, 1839). OUI' present emblem, reprpduced below, is reduced from Plate 6, etched by Miss Gl'l1Y, which formed the· frontispiece to this publication. It shows a leaf and (from left to right) (fa fruit, 11

perfect flower, drooping flnwer and flower bud".

Victoria regia

Floreat Flora

Me,anwhile the Royal Geographical Society had not been idle with their own copy of the lette-r and set of drawings. Fo11owing Schom­uurgk's suggestion they had obtained queen Victoria's permission fot'

m

the plant to be named for her, a;a they commissioned Professor John Lindley of University College to' write it up. Under the name Yicioria regia, he described the water-lily in an outsize pamphlet n'f three pages with Ol1e plate" of which only twenty-five copies were printed. The pre­face was dated October 1837 and it was reprinted with some additional matter in the Bo,tan.ica,~ Registe7' the following February (lliI1~leYJ 1838), The' type-specimen of Victoila reg'ia is the' sheet oE 8chombm'gk's gather­ing in Lindley's herbarium at Cambridge.

It is evident that the arrival of the description, drawings and speri­mens of the Royal Water-lily eaused a great sensation, not only in the botanical world but a,mongst the British public in general. ';V e may he proud that it was at a meeting of our fOTerunners that the-y were first exhibited. But it is to be regretted that they led to a race for publica­tion between Gray and Lindley and he-nce to the acrimonious correS])011-dence which ensued at a later date (Gray, 1850; Lindley, 1851 j Hooker, 1851). Re'ading this a century lawr it seems olea,}' that both lUen were actuated by the highest motives.. Gray's publications seem t.o have llacl the s'ole object of securing publication on behalf of Schombul'gk, and in doing this he, made the minimum use of his own namo. Lindley's object was to carry out t,he commission of the Geographieal Society who had sent ant the coHectOT. ffhe unsatisfactory situation was almost hwvitable from the duplication of the material and -the wa.y it was sent. to this country, Perhaps, therefore, it is fortunate, that qnestions of priority over the publication of the accounts of these two botanists are nf rela­tively little importance. As will be shown belo'w, JJindley's F-ictoria Te{]ia., '\vhich has been o"ccepted for so long, must give way to an eaTlier name,

TIefore discussing this) a few facts about the life of the colleeto·r of the water-lily deserve mention. Rohel't Hermann Schomburgk WA.f3 born in Silesia in ]804, Much of his life was ,"'pent in travel in little known parts of the woTld and he' rendered very valuable services to botany. 'rhe Botanical Society of London honoured him by election as a Foreign Member at thejr meeting of April 20, 18.'38, rn 1844 he was knighted (and it seems not unlikely that the discovery of a plant named for the Queen may have had some influence in this), and in IH59 he was elected li',n.,S, He died near Berlin in 1865,

Schombnrgk's discovery of the Royal Water-lily WUfl the first to be brought to the notico of British hotanists, but it was not new tOo science, It appea.rs that the species was first noticed by Haenke in the province of Moxos) Bolivia, in about 1801, but, owing to the death 0.£ this botanist in the Philippines before the end. of his e.xpedition, the plant was not described, In 1819, Bfmplftnd found a giant water-lily near Corrientes, Argentina, which was again seen the.re by D'Orbigny in 1827, when specimens and drawings 'were sent to Paris. This Argentine plant is the closely related V. On~ziarlta D'Orbigny but its author refound the species we have kno,vu ail- V. Teaia in Dolivia in 18;13, In 1832, Poeppig found the latter on the Amazons, and he desel'ibed it in the same year ns l~lnl')'(l.lr nmflz(Jnicn. (Poeppig, lR:32).

02 " VHYe0RIA llEGIA "_TilE IE]I{nLEJ"f 010' THE BOOIE'l'Y . E'IlT1Jule is fA, monotypic genus of 8,E. Asin. from which the Amazons

plant clearly differs, and Sowerhy transferred Poeppig's epithet to V'ic­toria in 1850. Hooker (1851, 11) rejected the proposal ant of ha.nd and W1'ote: "'Ye put wholly aside RUTlJale Arnazvn'ica Poeppig, well enough matched wjth one of the- Furies, but tot-ally ummlted to be in connection with the name of HeT Most Gracious Majesty, whom it is iutended to commemo.rate, and also as being inappropriate to a plant which is neither co-utinecl to the Amazon River nor was even ,originally detected there JJ •

Lindley (1851) was equally determined to. rejeot the earliest trivial. It must be remembered that they were, both too cl080 to tbe patronage of a Queen with a, mind of her own to' express completely detached views!

Lawrence (194'9) has recently sbo.wn that the- correct, name, io,l' the pln.nt is Victoria, a,mazonica (Poeppig)' Soworby (1850), and he gives the synonomy as follows:-

Emyale amawnica Poeppig (1832) Victo?'ia regia Lindl. (1837) V. reg'lna J. E. Gray (1838) V. 1'egalis SchOmb. (1838) Anue'slea amazon1ca P:re,sl (181j~)

l'ictO?'ia am,azonica Inotzsch (tS/a) Victoria nginae Ho-oIc (1850)

From this it would appeal' that Klotzsch's combination of 1847 has priority over So,werby's 0'£ 1850, l{lotzsch, however, wrote Victo1'ia Ama,zo'l1'1./1,m and Mr. N. Y. Sandwith) ·whose, help I most gm,teilllly ac~ knowledge, observes that while Klotzsch was attempting to do exactly ·what Bowel'by did three years lator in "pointing out the earlier pllblica~ tiol1 of Poeppig's name, for the same species described by Lindley as V. Tcgin and recognising '(:'he validity of the independent genus Vict01'ia and the eonsequent need for transferring Poeppig's name to it, he deliberate~ ly made an unauthorised name-change, and wrote Victoria Am..a"zonwm genitive plural of a noun). This was not a. slip 'on his part since in the synonymy quoted by him he deliberately writes: - Vicio1'ia regia" Vi('­t01-ia Regiaw, Euryale ama,zoonica., Vict01'ia On[,zi.ana", 'Mr. H, K. A. Shaw and Mr, 8andwith are agreed that Klotzsoh's "Ama,zon:nm" should be regarded as a "new, substituted, illegitimate, epithet" rather than a slip of the pen and they suggest that P'rofesEOt' Lawrence appeal'S to have taken the same view: otherwise he would have adopted Klotzsch'R combination which by an unfortunate oversight appears as ((Victoria am.azon-iea Klotzsch" in his own synonymy.

Tt would f:i€e1n that the, synonymy should be given as follows:­Eurya~e amwzonica Poeppig (1832') Vi.ctona regina Schomlmrgk (Sept. 11137) Victoria regia LindIey (after Oct. 16, J 837) Victoria 1'egaUs Scllomburgk (NOV. 18a7) Anneslea a.mazorilea (Poeppig) Presl (l8M) [Victoria Am(nonum Klotzs-c'h (1847)-.illegitimatel Victoria amazonica (I'o0Ppig) Sower'by (lBW) Victor·la l'eginae Hool,er (185{)j

rpo return to the oonnection of the Hoyal 'Vater-lily with anI' ow'n affairs-After adopt-ion of the emblem in 1.837 the Botanical Soeiety of

" VlU'l'OHIA ltl<J(HA J)-T.llB E.Mlll,EM ()~' 'rUE soOm'l'Y

London apPGars to have made no further use of it that has heeu re­corded, In fact, as we shall see later, they published an emblem of quite a different design in 1844, Their descendants apparently made no use of a badg.e until 1922, In that year Dr. G. e, Drtlce, Secretary of the Botanical Society and E,xchange Club of the British Isles, had occasion to investigate early records in connection with a paper on the history of the Society published in the Report (Drnce, 192'3). In this he men­tions the "badge or crest" .and the meeting of 1837 I'eferred to above. A reproduction of the original plate, heg,ded ilVicturia Ileg'ina", 'with "Flare-at Flora" below appeared on the title pages of both the Sour£'­tary's and DIstributor's Reports fOol' 1922 (issued May 1923). r:f.1he use of this block was continued on the title-rJages of the Rep01·ts of the Society until the series- te.J'l1linated in 1947, In that year, the name of the- Society was changed to the present t·jtle, and the publications re­arranged as lFa,t-sonia and the Year Book. Fo1' the latter a new block of the emblem was prepared from a drawing kindly made for us from the original plate by M1's E. Milne-Redhead. In this the name of the species has been altered to Victoria, 'regia.

The·re is clearly room fo·r difference o.f opinion ab-out the name to bo used in future in our emble;rn for the species depicted. If tlJe ViBW is taken that we m.llst use the COl'l'ect name-and cle.arly there is much to be sa.id for this-then it must he given as Victoria amazonica. Others will regret any suggestion t,hat the long accepted Vict'oria Tegia., which appears at present, should be dropped. It could also be contended that Vi.ctoria Regina was the name printed on the O'riginal plate and the one \vith which the Society has. direct connection, and that thO'l'e, is a case for using it irrespective of the fact that it is no. longer accepted as the name of the species,

ul-l'Joroat Flora" which appears under the emblem may perhaps be translated as "May Flora flourish)) oQl' III,et the flora blossom" but, it is difficult to convey in English the, implications of the original.

It must be admitted that a tropical wator-lily is prima fade a most uusuitablc emblem for a Society which has as its object the encoul'ago­ment of the study of the flora of the British Isles. Our forerunners' studies ranged over a much wider fieJd. NevPl'theless the badge has been in oontinuous use thl'<lUghout the membel'ship of all but a very Jew of our oldest members and has an interesting history. Moreover the plant portrayed is one which suggests desirable characterjstics in its rapid growth, grea'~ strength and the manner in which it forms a natural radiating patt~rn. r.t serves to remind us of the snccess which rewarded its discoverer's struggle against great difficulties in his passage np the river, and 0-£ a link with a noble Quee'll early in oul' history,

80 much for the main subjeet of my paper, but I think I should also draw your attention to the other emblem used by the Botanical Society of London, Although they adopted Victo1'in, Reg111a in 1837 they used a very difie,rent design on the covers Oof the first five editions of the London· Oata-logne oj Bri,tish Plwnts published under their direction in 1844, 1848, 1850: 1853 and 1857. On these there is a portrait of John

Ray, wreathed in myrtle, alid circled by the \vonls «Botanical Society of London. Instituted Nov. 29, 1836. n It is cleu,l' that the Society haM Ray in very high honour, as evidenced by the selection of the fl.llniversal'Y of his birth, November 29th, as the day fixed £01' their Annual General Meeting.

The drawing ,of Iby agrees fairly closely with the version of Faithorne's portrait· engraved by G. Vel'tue ill 1713, which is reproduced in Canon Raven's .10hn, R(£y. It differs, particulul'ly in the hair and the ,vid.th of the bands, from the poTtrait as published in Ray's own S'tiT­piulH E'U1'(jlHlCU i·tUn Sylloge, 1694; und the third edition of ,his 'l'he W'is­durn of Uad, 1701, and from the one in Derham's Select Bernain.s 1760.

rl'lle Ray Society uses u ra,thel' similar design. This s'ociety was foundeu in 184,4, the year in 'which the first edition of tIle' London Oatalogue ap-· pearecl, but its first publication was not issued unt.il 1846. In its emblem RI1Y faces to his l'ight instead of his left as ill ·~he Botanical Society of J,ondon's badge, alid there are further diffen,nces in the hair and bands from the reproduced portraits already mentioned. The Ray Society IJa~ continued the use of this design on its publications up to the present time.

In conclusion I should like to express my indebtedlll;ss to Messrs. N. y, Sandwlth and H. K. A. Shaw for assistance in counection with the nomenclature, to Mr. D. H. Kent fol' transcribing the- whole of the ac­count in the Athenac·/lm. JO'l.1/f1W./ from the British Museum copy, to the Keepe-r of Botany, Natural Histol'Y J\Juseum foJ' allowing their copy of the first edition of the- London Oa,f(r.[ognc to be photographed, and to Messrs. J. A. Crab be and B. T. Waru for assistance in connection with the lantern slides.

REFERENCES.

A. Ficto'l'ia GmllleJrl

Allen, J. F., 1854. Vir/ol'I,u. fleata 01' Ihc Great l\"alc-r-LUy of lima/,cl/. Canard, Henry, S., 1.!147, in Bailey, L. H., 'l'/w Stanaal'(l ClJc/oV('.d'lu of lIortiettl­

ture, 3, 3;,(:;6-68. Drllce, G. C., 1923, B.E.C. RepoTt tor 1921, S()g. Fitch, W., &, HookeI', W. J., 1851, Victo1'i.a ngilJ Of i/Lwill'illIons of tlte Uouat

Water-my. Gray, J. E" 18.17a, Mag. Zool. &; Bot., 2, 373-::m (158Upd Oet. 1, 1837; see Gray,

1850, and Hooke[', 18~,O.)

-,183'711, Mag. Zool. &; Bot., 2, 4ol0-,v,2 (tllt: l.:-;SlLC Ior Nov. 1., J.837, but contains r-eport of a meeting 001 Nov. 2, J.837. The litLe-pag'c, no cloubt issuctJ. later, is dated .1838).

___ , [850, Ann. &; Mllg. Na.t. H'lst., SC'I'. 2, 6, 14!l-H7, Hooker, W. J., ]8fiO, f(ew 1. Bot., 2, 3J4. --, 1851, --see Fltch & HookeI'.

, , Bot . .Mag., t. 4271)-~278.

Klotzsch, J. li'., 18'-.7, Bot. Zeit., 5, 2flfl. Lawrence, G. H. M., 1\)40, Gentes IIel"bal'Wn, 8, fase, 1, :1O-:11. Lindley, J., 1837, (MonOgr,) Victotia Regia. (Preface dated Oct. 16, 1837). -, 1838, Bol. Reg., mise. 9. _._., 1851, Pax ton's Pl. Gm'den, 1, :[01' January 1851, 174-175. PluncllOn, J, E., 1851, in FL des Serres, 6, 193-224, 249-251. and 7,25-29,49-53.

ri VlC'I'OnIA REGIA "--'I'll,1!; ,KA1lJ.!,KM (H<' l'Hl~ SUOU:'1'Y

Poeppig, K, 1832, in "F]~o]'jep's Nolizen aus de/!. r;e!Jie/'e (/I'!' Sal-ut- 1[11[1. Eleil­Irun(Le, 35, 13t-132". The description is quoted in Fitrh & HQOkOl', 1851, 7, where it is sa.id to lle i'l'om the issue' 'fop 18:')3",

Presl, C. B., 18/1!!, Bot. llemerlL., 103. Schomburg'k, R. H., 1837a, 'Athenaeum Jounwt, No, 515, for 9th ScptcmbCl' 183'7,

661". ---, 183'7b, A/(/[j. Zool, &: Bol., 2, t. 12, ill issue for Nl)vernht'l' l.D3'7, --, 1.830, Proc, Bot, So'c. London, 1, 114-1,01) & tt. fi & n. . ~OWf)rl)y, ,r. ue C., 1850, Ann. Ma(]. Nat. !list" Sa. ~, 6, 310.

B. John Har emblem. Derham, Wm., 17()(), Select Remains LanlalsteJ', Edwin, [846, Memol'ials of Jo/!n RU1}. Lonrlon Cata[ogue of BrHish Plants. Ecl.· 1, lS!IIl; Ecl. 2, 18/18; Eel. 3, 18[)O; ~(L I),

1853; Ed. 5, 1857. Raven, Charles .E" 11M2, .John Ba1}, l\"aturaWI, Ilis L'ite Qjul War/iS, Ray, J., 16fJlI, Sti'l'pium EU'l'opaea,1'um SyUO(]l'. --, 1701, The Wisdom of God, Ed. :to

\)6

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don, W.1.

11EPOln" OF THE SEOOND OONFERENOE In [1ceol'dance with the I'lish widely expressed at the Conference on

" AiIlL':1 and Methods in the Study of the Distribution of British Plants," arranged by the Society on lVIarch 31s~ and April 1st, 1950, the Council decidod tn publish the proceedings. Theso have been issued in the form of a book all tho lines of Brit-ish FloW'e'ring Plants and Jltlodern Systernatic Methods, 'which was the report of our first Gonfere:nce.

'l"ho, book contains all the' paper's read to the meetings and ac­counts of all the- exhibits and i.s freely ilhult,rated. It is pub­lished at lOs, plus postage 4u, obtainable from Mr. J. H. BUl'n0tt, De~ partm,cnt of Botany) '1'h0 University, Oxford. As stated in the notice alre~dy circu1ated, members had the cpportunity of subscribing, before June 1st, ],951, for a copy at t,he- reduced price of 5s. Thanks are due to Mr. W. n. Price-, the Honorary Assistant Secretary, for dealing with these applications from memhe-rs.

'The title of tho, hook is 'J.1he Stlidy of the Distribution of British Plwnts, and the clrcumst:l.llces of its issue are so similar to those under

98 NOT'lC.lI:,S TO 1\iE:~illgRS

'wllich the First PaTt of the Pl'oceetlillOs of OllI' forerunner the Botanical Society of London was publiHhed in 18~)9, tllat the following ext-ract from the preface to' that volume is as apt as it is interesting.

" The Council moreover' trust that euch individual Member will sub­scribe for a copy, and ''lill likewise use his endeavours 'with his friends to do as much as possible in helping to' defray in this way the expenses attendant on them: owing to the low Annual Subscription a.nd the seve­ral advantages the Members receive for it, it has not heen fOllnd prac­ticable to present them gratuitously to the Members."

LIS1' OF PEMBHOKE8HIRE PLAN1'S By the g,eu€'l'osity of relations of ,our late member Mrs. F. L. !"tees)

a, limited number ·of copies of he-r posthumous List of Pemb1'okeshil'c Plo-nts have been made availablo gratis to members of the Botanical Society of the British Isles, Members who wish to take advantage of this kind nffe'l' should apply to Mr. A. L. Leach, M,Sc., F .G.S., The M1feulD, Cafltle Hill, Tcnby, enclosing stamps to the- value of sixpence to cover postage.

EXCHANGE SECTION The COllncil uro pleased to announce, that Miss, C. \V. :Muirhead bas

kindly undertaken to act as Distrlbutor for the 1951 season. Parcels should be sent to her (c/o Carlisle l'>ublic Li.brary, Museum and Art Gallery, Carlisle) not later than December 1st 1951.

The Exchange Regtllations are printed in the Year Book 194.9, pages 57~58, llnd copies may be obtained from the Hon. Assistant Secre-tary,

There is now no. separate Exchange membership. Members contri­bll'ting ant-d/ or l'eceiving' specimens in connection with the Annnal Ex­change are' entitled to pUi'chasc two additional copies of the Distri­hutor's Report. on reduced terms on giving notice to the Hon. General Secretary not later than the 28th Il'ebruary of the winter o.f distribu­tion (see Rule 8 (h».

INSTRUCTIONS '1'0 CON'l'lUBUTORS '1'0 TVA1'SONIA

Instructions to contributors to n7{il"sonia -will be found on the iH­side back cover of that periodical. More detailed instl'uctions for Plant Records will be found in YO!1l' Book 19~:9, a.nd reprints of these instruc­tions will he supplied free to new members un l:I>pplication to the Hon, Assistant S-ecl'etary,

MEMBERS' ADVEItTISEMEN'rS Memb~rs' advertisements are charged at 28 Bd for three lines, and gel

fQr each additional line, with maximum of six lines. They should be sent to Mr. W. R, Price, 64 Elsworthy Road, London, N.W.3.

NOTICES TO 1flEMBERS 99

PROFESSIONAL ADVERTISEMENTS A limited number of relevant advertisements will be accepted either

for the Year Book 01" for Wa:t,wnia" or for both, as space permits. En­quiries should be addressed to Mr. R. A. Graham, Mint House, Wo·od­side Road, Northwood, Middlesex.

BINDING CASES FOR, TVf12'SONIA

Arrangements are being made for the issue of a standf1rd bindillg; case for the first vQlume of Watso11ia and details will be advertised as soon as pOI':lsible. In the meanwhile members are advised not to have their llal'ts hotlnd pl'ivu,tely if the official ease is Hk·ely to· be of lll:lfl to thaln.

EXHlBI~'ION MEETING, 1951 This has boon arranged for Saturday, October 20th, at the British

Museum (Natual History) by kind permission nf the Trustees. More space will be, available for exhibits than in previous, years. and membel's are invited to bear this in mind during the summer' with a view to illustrating particula,r subjects. A notice giving full details of the meeting, and the address to which offers of exhibits should be sent, will be sent out in the autumn.

OONFEILENCE, lD'52 A Conference under t,he title of T'he Changing Flom of Br-ita'in is

being arranged for Friday Rnd Saturday, April 4th and 5th, 19"52, in the Lecture Room, R.oyal Hort.icultul'al Society's New Hall, Gr8ycoat Street, S.W.I. During the Conf8-rence there will be a session set aside for a special 8'xhibition. Exhihits must be strictly relevant to· the sub­ject 0.£ the Conference and offers may be sent to· Dr. J. G. Dony, 4] Somerset Avenue, Luton, Beds. A numbcr of well known botanists have already undertaken to read papers and a separate notice will be sent out early in 1952.

INTER,NATlONAL COMMISSION FOR PLANT SLIDll EXCHANGES

Societies and individuals may become· tnembers of the Commission. Members are expected to collect and send material for slide-making pU1'poses, for which they may obtain slides in exchange.

Pal'ti.culars may be obtained from the Assistant Secretary, or from Dr. D. A. Johansen, 861 East Columbia Avenue, P01ll0na, California, U,S,A,

LIST OF COUNTY FLOR,AS IN pnEPAnATION Twellty-fnul' new County Flnras arc at present boing prepared, some

of which are revisions of previous editions, while othel's deal with counties..or vice-oounties that have no,t previously been covered. Jrhe

1110 NO'l'lOl!lS '1'0 .M.KMlllutS

list which appears below nnJol'tunateTy lacks details ootltCel'ning certain Floras, since it was hastily compiled 101' the Yea1' Boo,,", in the he-liof that it would be of use to. members even in its present form. The com­pile,r wo'uId be grateful inr any missing details, a,dditions 01' corrections, so that a mo're complete- version can appear in the next Ye'ar nooJ~.

Only the addresses of non-members have been given j the rest can be found in the Society's publications. Some of the Floras deal ,only with flowering plants, ferns and chal'ophytes (P., for Phanerogamia), but others include various groups of Cryptogamic plants (C.) as well. Th"c dates indicate the respective years of commencement,

lE. Scilly Isles. J. E. Lousley. 'Po c. 1$)\'35 (ready for publication). 7,8. Wiltshire. J. D. Grose.

15, 16. Kent. F. Rose. P '. C. 1942. 18,19. Essex. B. T. Ward. P. 1948. 21. Middlesex. D. H. Kent. P. 1939. 30. Bedfordshire. Dr. J. G. Dony. P. c. 1935. 35. M.onmouthshire-. A. E. Wade. c. 1927. 3S. Warwickshire. Birmingham N.H.S., ed. R. C. Reaue'bt, P.

1950: 39. Staffordshire. E. S. Edees. 40. Shropshire. Caradoo and Sevorn Valley ]'ieltl Cluh. P., C.

ante 1914. 53, fi4. 56. 57.

Lincolnshire. Miss E.. J. Gibbons. l">. 1951. Nottinghamshire. Dr. R. 'N. Butcher, Derbyshire. Pro£. 11. R. Clapham (ed.).

59. South Lancashire. I"iverpool Botanical Society, Ed. W. G. Travis. P., C. 1900.

66-68. Northumberland and Durham. Prof. J. W. Heslop Harrison, Dept. of Agriculture, King's College, Newcastlo-upon~Tyne, 1. P. 1919.

59,B. li'urness. G. Wilson. 70. Cumberland. Miss C. W. Muirhead. 71. Isle of Man. D. E. Anen. P., C. 90. Angus. Dr. G. Taylor. 98. Argyll. Dr. K. N. G. MacLeay.

P., C. 1949.

1946.

102~104. Inner Hebrides.} King's College, Ne'wcastle~upon~Tyne, 1. llO. Outer Hebrides. C. 19-34. 110. Outer Hebrides. Miss M. S. Campbell. P., C. H.33. Fermanagh. R. D. Meikle.

P.,

A list of Loca-1, as 'distinct from County, Floras will follow in due cours€,. D. E. ALLEN.

FUNO'rIONS 0'1' LOOAL SEORIcTARIES AND REOOIWERS

PREAMBLE While. it is highly desirable that whenever possible the functions of

Local Secretary and Recorder shoulCl be per.formed hy one pemon, in practico this will not, always be- possible. The distinct functionS' are

NOTICES TO MElMBEltS 101

therefore here separately defined. It is felt that Local Secretaries and lwcorders should not become the only, aT even the usual, channels of communication between members ,on the one hand and the Officers, Referees, or Panel Members of the- Society on the other. On the ap-

~ pointment of a Local Secretary or Recorder, he/she shall have the boundary of his/her area de,fined. Areas will where possible be on the basis of Watsonian vice-counties, but it may be, f.ound desirable to ap­point eit.her for a smaller area.

LOCAL SECRETARIES 1. T'o keep in touch with othe-r local members and where possible

and desirable to arrange meetings and excursions for their benefit.

2. 1'0'- encourage the 'enrolment of new members.

3. rro act as a centre for some botanical work of local bearing whore they are qualified to, do so'. I

4. To provide information to- members of the Society from outside theil' al'ens, either by rorrespondeuco or otherwise, on travel facilities, ft.ccOlnmodation, and Botany. (1'his does not include supplying infor­mation about localities for rare plants, although statements as to their continued existence or frequency may be given £01' the purpose of scien-tific work.) ,

5. rro keep in touch with local libraries, museums, and, especially, local herbaria and Natural History Societies, supplying information about them to other members, and particularly to the Panel, and also keeping the name of the Society before officials, officers, and members of la-cal Societies.

6. To assist the Hon. Field Secretary and Leaders of field meet­ings prior to and at the time of visits of the Society tn their area.

7. To report without delay to the Hon. General Secretary or Treasurer the death of any member living within their area.

8. 11\0 make regular visits to habitats of special interest within their at'eas as far as possible, and to- report without delay to the General Secretary of the Society any threat 'which may call for conservation l1le-asures.

RECORDERS To assist the Editol' by' collecting records of more than local interest,

chocking records contributed for publication, and forwarding informa­tion about, important changes in the flora.

LOCAJ~ SmCRET'ARIE8 AND RECORDERS (Revised April 1951)

The following members have agreed tOo act as Local Secretaries (L.S.) and Records,rs (R.) for the Vice-Counties indicated. Unless shown other­wise, these members have- undertaken to, combine the duties of the two offices, the, nature of which i.s explailled ab-ove.

102

V.-c. 1. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7,8. 9.

10. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 3I. 32. 33. 34S. 34N. 35, 36. 3,7. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42-47. 48. 49. 50, 5I. 52, 53,54. 55. 56. 57.

NOTIOE.'1 '10 MEMBIm.'1

J. E. Lousley (R.). Scilly Is. only E. N. M. Phillips (J,.S.). Rev. W. Keble Martin (R.) F. A. Brokenshire (L.S.). Rev. W. Keble Martin (R.) A. D. Hallam (L.S.) Mrs. C. 1. Sandwith J. D. Grose Prof. R. D'O. Good (R.) (University College, tHull)

J. E. Lousley (R.) J. Ounsted (L.S.). IiJ. C. Wallacc (R.) Mrs P. German. P. J. Wansta]] (L.S.). E. C. Wallace (R.) F. Rose CR.) D. McClintock (L.S.). F. Rose (R.) J. E. Lousley S. T. Jermyn (L.S.). B. T. Ward (R.) B. T. Ward (R.) D. H. Kent, J. Ounsted (L.S.). Dr. E. F. Warburg (R.) Mrs. P. Warburg (L.S.). Dr. E. F. Warburg (R.) Dr. E .. F. Warburg (R.) Miss M. M. Whiting (L.S.). F. W. Simpsou (R.) F. J. Bingley R. P. Libbey (L.S.). E. A. Ems (R.) R. P. Libboy (L.S.). E. I,. Swann (R.) S. M. WaIters, Dr. J. G. Dony. J. L. Gilbert D. Hepburn C. C. Townsend (L.S.). W. R. Price (R.) Dr. J. H. Davie (L.S.). W. R. Price (R) C. C. Townsend (L.S.). W. R. Price (R.) A. E. Wade F. M. Day (R.) Dr. R. C. L. Burges (J,.S.). F. M. Day (R.) Dr. R. C. L. Burges (L.8.). P. S. Green (R.) E. S. Edees Dr. R. C. I., Burges (L.S.) A. E. Wade. A. E. Wade (R.) Mrs. H. M. Richards (L.S.). A. E. Wade (R.) Prof. P. W. Richards (L.S.). A. E. Wade (R.) A. E. Wade (R.) Prof. P. W. Richards (L.S.). A. E. Wade (R.) Miss E .. T. Gibhons F. A. Sowtel' (L.S.), ProJ. T. G. Tutin (R.) Dr. R. W. Butcher R. H. Hall (L.S.). Miss K. M, Hollick (R.)

NO'l'ICRR TO J.:mMBRTI,R

V.-c. 58. li . W. D. Graddon. 59. S·,Lr.,...IT. R. Lacoek (I.1.S.). W. G. Tl'ftV1S (R.) 60. H. E. Bunker (L.S.) 61. Dr. W. A. Sledge 62. Miss C. M. Rob 63, 64. Dr. W. A. Sledge 65. Miss O. M. Rob 66. Dr. D. H. Valentine (L.S.). G. W. Telllperley (R.) 67,68. 69. 70. 71. 72-74. 78-84. 85. 87-89. 90. 94,95. 97. 98.

102, 103. 104. 105-108. 109. llO. l.l2.

G. \V. Temperley. G. Wilson (L.S.). B. Hapkins (R.) J. D. Hinde (hS.). Miss C. ,\V. Muil'head (R.) G. H. Se,vell (L.S.). D. E. Alien (R.) Dr. 11. Milne-Redhead Dr. G. 1'aylor (R.) Ml's E. J. Balfour (L.S.). Dr. G. Tftylor (R.) Miss M. S. Camp bell Miss U. K. DUl1can (L.S.). Dr. G. Taylor (R.) Miss M. McCallum-Webster J. E. Itaven (L.S.). E. O. Wallaco (It.) E. O. Wallaco (It.) J\fiss C. W. Muirhead J. E,. llaven (L.S.) E. O. Wallace (R.) Miss M. S. Campbell CR.) Miss M. S. Camp bell J. E. J.1ousley (R.)

11J~

It is hoped to extend these arra.ngements to· cover as much of the c·ountl'y as possible. Any member who is willing and able to carry ant the'duties of: either J.1ocal Socretary or Recordor, 01' both, in any area not already covered, 01' "\"ho. knows any pe1'SOll, whet.her a memhe.r of the Society 0.1' not, who might be suitable, is inyited to commnni.cato wi.th the Hon. General Secretary.

(Copies may ho obtainod from the Hon. Assistant Secretary.)

B.P.L. no.

PANEL OF SPECIAI~ISprS (Hevised April 1951)

ORITICAL SYSTEMATIC GROUPS

2. Thalictrnm L. Dr. n. \V. Bl1tcher G. Ranvwnculus J.1. §Batra·ch'iurn. Dr. R.. W. Butcher 7. O'aUha J.1. Prof. A. H. Clapham

32. F'tl.ma.Tia L. N. Y. Sandwith 35/1. NasPwrttium L. (excluding Rori,ppa). H. K. Airy 8hl1w 45. Ooch~eOJria L·. Prof.' A. R. Clapham 64/~t T'hla.spi I1lpeBire L. 'Pl'o£. A. R. Clapham

104 Ko'rlCES ]'0 MFlMBERS

B.P.L. 110.

88. 88.

lOO, 109. 117. 123. 128. 183. 185.

190. 190(2). 194.

Viola. § Nomimium. Dr. D. H. Valentine VioUl. § Melani1~m. R. D. Meikle OCTastiwm. I.J. (annual species). E. Milne-Redhead Montia, L. Dr. S. M. WaIters Malva L. N. Y. Sandwith Tilia. L. H. A. Hyde Erodiwm VHerit. DT. E. F. Warburg. P'rU(/,M~S L. Dr. R. Melville, Dr. E. F, "Varburg Ru,bus L. F. Rilstone (S.W. Peninsula), W. C. R. Watson

Alchemina. L. Dr. S. M. WaIters AphancS! L. Dr. S. M. WaIters Rosu" L. Dr. R. Melville

195. Sorbu.s'L. Dr. E. F. Warburg 196. Ora.ta.egl~s L. A. D. Bradshaw 199. Saxilraaa L. Dr. D. A. Webb 220. Epilobium L. G. M. Ash 247. Jlpi1lm, L. R. D. Meikle 296. Q.ali'UJm L. (pa,lust1'e I.J, and allies). Pro£. A. R. C1apham. 383, Senecio L. J., E. L.ousley

393. A.rctium L, Dr. \V. A. Sledge 395. OardulU-s L.. Dr, .. w. A. Sledge-396. O'ir shIm MilL Dr. "V. A. Sledge 405. Oentaurea L. E. MaTsden-Jones 478. Oern-twurium Hill. J. S. L. Gilmol1l' 480. 497. 506. 527. Ma. 545. 54.8. 55S.

561. 596. 600. 611.

0615. 633. 642. 650. 651. 659---+ 608.

669. 718.

Q.ent'iana. L. J. E. Lousley Symphytum L. A. E. Wv,de lIIyoS'otis L. A. E. "rade-V e?'ba,scum L. J. K J,ousley VeToni.ca L. (aquatic species). J. H, Burnett iilTuphra,sia L. Dr. E. F. Warburg Rhinanthus L. Dr. E. ll'. "Varb"L1l'g 111 entha L. R. Gl'uham

Thymns L. C. D. Pigott Amam,nthus L. J. P. M. Dremtn, Dr. 11'. A. W. KIoos, Jr. Ohenopodi'u'nl- L. J. P. ThL Brenan Salicornia L. Miss M . .s. Campbell Rnmex L. J. K Lousloy Ulrnu,q J.. Dr. It. Melville Betula, L. Dr. E. F. Wal'burg Salix L. n. D. Meikle, Dr. It. J\{elville, Dr. E. F. Warburg Populus I.J. P. G. Beak, Dr. n. Melville Orchidacea,e. V. S. Summerhayes Epipaciis Adans. V. S. Summerhayes, C. P. rrhomas, Dr. D.

1:l. Young Or'chis L. §,Dactylorchis. Dr. P. Vermculen ,funcus L. Dr. P. W. Richarc1s

B.P.L. 729. 737. 740. 745. 753. 754---+ 826. 830. 844.-+ 872-+

NO'l'IOES '.ra MEMmms

no.

fllisma, L. J. E. Lousley Po"ta,moge"ton L. J. E. Dandy) Dr. G. Taylor Z08tera,L. Pro£. T. G. Tutin E&eocharis R.Br. Dr. S. M. WaIters. Oar ex L. E. Nelmes, E,. C. "\Vullace Gm,mirveae. G. E'. Hubbard Feduca L. Dr. 1V. O. Howarth Ag1'oPYTon Gaertn. Prof. T. G. Tutill Pte1'idop'hy"ta... A. H. G. Alston O'harophyta.,. G. O. AUon ,

lOG

NOTE.-The specialists' names in the above list are given in alpha­betical order when two or more are available for consultation.

(Copias may be obtained from the Hon. Assistant Secretary.)

Unlike the pre-war Panel of Referees (]3 .. E.O. Rep. 1936, 639-646: 1938) this list includeE only critical groups. Members may send their specimens direct to' the speciaiist indicated, togather with a stamped addressed onvelope. for reply. If the specimens submitted are required to be returned the nec€ssary postage should be forwarded. Addresses as in Members List.

Non-critical plants for identification should be sent to the HOll. General Secretary. It may not he possible to' undertake to' name plant:'! of critical grouvs not covered by the above list.

It should be understood that the specialist is not necessarily pre­. pared to name aU specim'ens submitted. In some cases the specialist indicated may not yet have attained sufficient knowlodge of the gl'OLlp he Is studying. In other cases the material s11bmitted may be incom­plete, lacking ,adequate data or badly prepared.. All the specialists will, h01\'0\'er, do- the best they can tOo identifY plants submitted by members.

Unless it is reasonably certain that specimens will arrive in good ft'esh condition, they should be sent fiat in paper between stiff mill­hoards to prevollt shrivelling. Dried pressed specimens may be- sent

• similarly. Speci.mens should be carefully labelled with locali.ty, habitat, date and any other notes likely to be of llSe-. vVhenever possible 8p€ci­mens. should he submitted jn duplicate, so that the specialist may retain one specimen jf he so desires. If only one specimen of a gathering is :;mbmitted it should he clearly stated whethel' its return is desired.

Any memher who is studying a critical gronp and would like his name added to the Panel should forwaTc particulars to the Hon, General SecJ'otary for c,onsideration by the Council.

MTSCELT"ANEOUS SUBJECTS (Revised April 1951)

Botanical Apparatus and Material: E. Milne-Redhead Botanical Specimens, preparation of: E. Milne-Redhead Cytology in Helation to Systematics: Dr. E. F. Warburg

106 NOTICES TO M.'FiJ\mF.ItR

Ecology: Prof. A. R. Clapham Folk Lore and Popular Names: Miss M. S. Camp bell Foreign FloT£\,s and Foreign Field "Work: A. H. G. AlstOll Genetics in Relation to Systematics: Dr. D. H. VaJentine Herbals: Dr. G. W. T. H. Fleming j

History of British Botany, before J-linnaens: Rev. Prof. C. E. Raven History of British Botany, Linnaeus and after: J. S. L, GilmanI' Local Floras: N:". Douglas Simpson Mf).-ps: E. Milne-Redhead Mapping, methods of: W. rl'. Stearn Nomenclature: J. E. Dandy Phenology and Meteorology: E. Nelmes Private Herbaria, location of: J. E. Jjousley Systematic Works and Monographs: N. Y. SfLndwith Vice-County Boundaries: J. E. Dandy

Members wishing to avail themselves -of the privilege of consulting the specialists in the list, should write to them direct and enclose a stamped addressed envelope for reply (Addresses in Members List).

(Co-pies may be obtained from the Hon. Assistant Secretary.)

PROGRAMME OF FIELD MEETINGS FOn, ]051

May 4th to 7th. IPSWIOH. Leador: lVh-. F. W .. 8impson.

June 15th to 18th. MONMOUTH. Load.er: Mr. A. E. Wade.

Juno 23rd. HAJ.JLTNG DOWN (KENT) for Hoses. Leaders: Dr." R. Melville and Mr. F. Hose.

June 30th. CLIVEDEN (BUCKS.) for Grassos. J~eader: Mr. O. E. Hubbard.

July 6th to 10th. A.R.BIWATH. Leaders: Miss U. K. Duncan, assisted by Miss M. S. Campbell.

July 27th to 301h. READING. August 3,.d 10 11th. BAlmOW-TN-FURNllSS.

Leade.r: Mr. G. Wilson.

•

PFlRSONAJ,TA 107

PERSONALIA

FLORA OF TSIJE OF MAN Mr. D .. E. Allen, 32 \Vaterloo Road, Birkda.le, Southport, Lancs.,

has commenced work on a Flora. of the ble of Jkla:l1, which includes plotting t.he dilstribution of every native species on maps. He would be grateful for any plant records, c1e:'ails of botanical visits to the Island and any infnrmation leading to the location of Manx herbarium specimens.

• FLORA OF DlDRBYSHIRE

During t.he autumn of 1949 a cOlU1nittee was formed, under the chainnanship ·of Pro£. A. R. Clapham, to carry out a revision of \V. It. Linton's Flora of Derbyshire. Work on this project is now actively proceeding, and members possessing records, notes or other data relat­ing to the Derbyshil'e flora are invited to communicate with. t.he B.S.R.T. Local Secreta1'Y, 1\.[1'. R. H. Hall, 2 Hartington Terrace, \Vest Road. Buxton, Derbyshire ..

V.C. 90 ANGUS Members 'who have hea.rd that Glen Doll Lodge, Clava, has been

taken over by the Forestry Commission, may be glad to know that so far only the pa1't o-f the glen immediately ahove the lodge is. being en­closed for l")lanting. One of the sta.tiOYlFl for 11Inla..Tis appears doomed, but the plant is not rare in Clova. It is believed that it will 11e a long time before there is any threat to the Clava rarities.-U. DUNC'AN,

FLORA OF WWfSHIRE OUI' Member, Mr. J. D, Grose, is preparing a new F~ora of HliUshire.

He 'would bo grateful for records and details of herhari1lll1 specimens.

xSl'AOlIYS AllfHIQUA BM. Mr. P. S, Green of the Department of Botany, The Univorsity, Bir­

mingham, 15, would be very grate-fnl for inf.ormation about populations of xSt-ach118 ambiglta, gm'wing ,ViUl one or both of its putative parents, S. pahl,stris hand S. s1Jl'vatica L.

Anyone able to inform 1\1r. G1'een of such populations is asked to communicate with him at the above add:'.'ess.

PUTJiJRIUllf, SANGUISORBA AND ALLIED GENERA Mr. T. R. Laycock is interosted in preparing a much needed mon·o­

graphic revision of t11e above, and would 'be grateful for both material and information. fl'hc- material ml1Y he herbarium and/or pickled for anatomical and cytological study, but not living material for the tim'

108 PERSONAMA

being. He is compiling the acconnts, of the species .in the Biological Flom. 0/ the Bl'itish Isles and would again be grateful for any help.

SYSTEMATICS ASSOCIA'£ION: RESEARCH COMMITTEE 1\:[1'. B. L. Bm'tt, Convener of the above Committee, asks members

'l"rho are engaged in autecological andi or cytogenetic-taxonomic re­searches on the British Flora to co-operate with the Committee by notifying him 0'£ the names of the species being studied. By doing so, it will be possible to obviate oyedapping between different workers un­known to one another, and will enable him to give iNformation about the work going on in any particular group. Particulars should be sent to Mr. B. L. Burtt, Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh.

LITliOSPERiVIUJ].I ARVENSE 1" AND L. OJi'FIOINk~E 1" Mr. J. S. L. Gilmour would be glad to· receive unlimited quantities

of ripe seed of Lithosperrmum arvense and L. of!icina,~e. It has "Lean shown that some species of the genus contain a subst·ance which is of great importance for medical purposes. Different lots of seed can be bulked if more convenient, though it would be preferable to keep seed from different localities soparated; seed of each species should be lcept separate. Seed should be sent to him, labelled with name of species and place and date of collection, at the University Bt'ltanic Garden, Cam­bridge. Postage will be repaid.

POLYGONUM (SEm. A VIOULAUIA)

Mr. D. W, Jowett is working on the above section of PolYQonnm in Britain. He would be very grateful for both matorial and infonnatioll. 'rhe matarinJ may be living (including seed), herbarium and/or picklod for anatomical and for cytological study.

O.l31'l'{JARIES J.(J\)

OBITUARIES

THE DUKill OF DEVONSHIRE \Ve recrml with deep regret the death on November 26, 1950, of

J-lil:; Gl'uce The Duke of Deyonshire, K.G., who had been a member of the Society since 1928. This is not, of course) the place to pa.y tribute to the o'lIt~tanding contl'ibutio,llS to our nationalEfe made by the Duke in his many public acti"dties. His, interest in animals and in horticul­ture is weH known-he was President of the- Zoological Society and a member of the Co:mcil of the noyal Horticllltnral Society-but it was perhai)S less widely appreciated that he had a good knowledge &nd deep love 0'£ British wild flowers, as all who had ,the privilege of botanizing wi~h him ca,n testify. He knew ,yell the flora in the, neighbourhood of Chatsworth and of Bolton Ahbey) and the discovery, in 1949, of a lal'ge patch of Ledmn oroenlandic!lrn o,n one of his moo-rs in Derbyshire acted as a great i:ltimulus to his interest in wild plants. rrhose who accom­panied him on the lon.g and rough climb up to the remote, locality where it grows will not f~asily forget the enthusiasm and exoitement that he c0tnmunica.ted to his companions. Had he lived, he could, I think) have been per::;nadecl to play as important a r61e in the small world of British Botany as he had done in his larger spheres of activity. The Society joins the many other bodies that he helped and encouraged in mQ.urning his early de-at-h.

J, S, L, G,

ClDllTllUDE FOGGl'f'T NilE BAOON (1874-1949) Gertrude Ba.con was born on the 19t,h April 1874. She was the.

daughter of the late Hev. J. :M. Baoon, Cold AshJ Ns'wbury, who was a scientific aeronaut, aud whom she assisted in his work. She accompanied him on Eclipr::e IGxveclitions to Lapland, India and America. She was herself a pioneer, being the first woman -to make a " right away" voyage in an airship, She wrote a number of books on flying and described her recreation as "hunting wildflo'wers." She was educated a'~ home.

In 1929 sho mnrried County Alderman T. J. Foggitt of Thirsk, him­self a distinguished botanist (see B.E.C. Rep. 1934, 808-810). She was made a Justice 0.£ the Peace.

In 1.939, five y8ifl.J:S after Mr. Foggj.tt,'s dea'th in 1934, she went to reside with her br,)thcr, Frederick llac011~ Professor of Engineering at University College, Swansea, -awl after his death mo,ved to Sway! flants. She died there very suddenly on December 22, 1949, and was buried at Hordlc. Mr. N. Douglas Simpson, an old friend and childhood n01ighhollI' nf Mr. Foggitt's, kindly represented this Society at the funeral.

110 (lBI'fUARIES

call see hel' HOW, darting here, there and everywhers, clad in a ch,ullling gmvn and hat of deep brown silk at the memorable party held to celebrate Dr. Druce's 80th birthday. That was a great day in her life, for she shouldered the organisati.o1l of the party, the first of its kind, and the forernilller of the present RB.B.I. Exhibition Meetings.

I had corresponded with h8'1' for yeal's before then, in my early days in the V{iltl Flower Society, or which I became a member after my 8chooldays W8l'e OV01'. Her le-ttel's were always a dehght. I am no hoarder of correspondenes, and keep only letters of exceptio-ual interest -I have never destroyed one of hers. ').1he encouragement she gays to young botanists ·was' of i.nestimable value'. She had a gift for picking out our diifi,culties, helping us over them and never forgetting the WO-I'd of pl'aise when wo overcame them.

Her IT,aniage to T. J. Foggitt meant so much to hel", for it not only gave her a, happy married life and a companion with the same interests as hers, but afforded her greater opportunity of helping others-the hospitality of Bton_eybl'Ough was given tn many, and what a joy and edu~ ca.tion it was! The Herbarium, the Library, the garden with its rock hank filled, not so much -with spectacular alpines, but with interest­ing plants-many were difficult lIicTacia--and the almost daily journeys near and far. She was a remarkably modest woman. Even coming to know her us. well as I did, it warJ not from he1'se1£ that I learned of her nchieveme'nts and accompli::Jlmwnts-ahont her flying, from her b{)ok and -very casunUy when being taken to a spot near Sutton Bank-of her impending flight in a glider 'I to keep in touch with modern methods" -her reviewing of books by notieing an inscription on a fly-leaf-and so on.

She ", .. as so cheerful too, and there \Va.::; always a meny twinkle or a twist of hummU' 1'0llllc1 mrol'y OOTner, and how she encouraged it in every­body el-le. Her speaking voice, as hefitted an experienc~d lecturer, was as clear llnd intelli.gible as hel· handwriting, and her gift of expression remarkable.

She was, of course, an expe.rienced and oaroful bo-tanist~ and had seen almo-st oivery British plant in s·itu.. -With I~ady Davy she found and added Oarex microg~ochin tu the British Flora in 1923. She ren­dered gren-t service, to this Society. She became a member in 1920, was ono of the orig'inal Advisory Committee, and served on the General Committee from 1932 to 1948, and had been nominated an Honorary Member for election last March. .

Though recently we had seen little of her, she managed to appear at our functi{)ns from time to time and it was a great pleasure having her with us at our first Confe:Ciimce.

I pewwnally shsJI never forge.t her kindnesl::!-it was through her I penetrated behind the l{)cked doors at the Natural History Museum in 1933 and at her suggestion that Mr. WilmoU se·t me to work on Saliw cornia-and hundreds o,f others will also remember her with gratitude and affection.

OBIl'UARIE.:\ 111

Gertl'uue Foggitt laid the foundatinns of many of the Society11:/ acti­",-ities and ,,,hils it mourns the lOBS of one of its ,most val.ued members, the B,S.D.l. can rejoice that her in~piration lives ·on.

M, S. CA1.IPBIi:LL.

My first Bleeting with l\fl'S, Foggitt was through the Wild FIO\ver Society, "when flhe wu,',! ]\:[iss Bacon, G.ll.d it was not until aftel' she mar­ried amI came to li\"e at 'rhirsk that OUl' real friendship began. StOU0Y­brough was always a moeting place f.or botanists; after her coming it became Hven more 80. Throughout the summer m~llths hardly a week passed witho-ut some of the RE.C. members. visiting, and mally trips to 'reesduJe and uther weH-known localit:es began and endeu at Thil',';k.

Mrs. Foggitt was a born organiser, and botanical excursi-on,'l W81'e

one of her favourite activities j in 1934 she ran the first of the B.11J,C. ones: these proved so popular and so successful that the,y' still continue. In 1935 one such excursion included a yisit to Thirsk, where inembers enjoyed the wonderful collection of plants which flourish "in the Stoney­brough garden.

Sho ,"vas intensely interested in all forms of flying, and took a shy pride in being the first woman passenger in both aeroplane and air­sh IP j hnr unselfishness in ::tllowing another to have one of the first glider flights was typi.cal. Her pioneering included driving one of the first mo-tor cars and riding one of the first bicyoles. During the 1914-18 War f:lhe worked with the Red Cross.

AftCl" he1' marriage she tank an active part in the life of Thil'sk. H.er work aB a J.l), wasl very dear to her heart, but her Botany was the big­gest iutere,st. In a.ddition to heJping her husband complete the '1'. J. J!~'oggitt collection of British plants, now in the B-ritish l\fuselllIl, she wad,tec1 for the H.E.C. in many ways, and aHer Mr Foggitt's death started on the Gertrn.de Foggitt Herbarium, which she presented ,to the 'J'oll!>on Museum at Rnddo,l'sfield, The groater part of thiB collection was mado before she left Thir"k, and Gel'tl'ude covel'ed many miles to make it aoS complet.e as possi.ble-.

Mrs. li'oggitt had a wonderful gift o.r encouragement; many of the t,imid. mO[Lllbers of the Wild Flo,wor Soci.ety never would have dared to join the B.KC. but for her; the numbers who have done so speak for her powers. She was ulwa,ys so ready to help others, often taking a buck seat to aUO\v Lhe youngOl' ones to come, to the, fore. vVe who have bene­fltecl by her killdnel::s and 1I11selfiflhl1ess know she- was one who stood alone.

O. M. HOD.

112

NEWS Of OTfIEIl SOCIETIES

Under thifl heading ,ve include, as space permits, inful'matioll 1'(1-

gar.ding othel' Societies which have botanical activities. We exwnd fl

cordial invitation t.o such Societies to contl'ibute short notes to be con~ sidered for inclusion. H should be understood that under this heading nothing pertaining to advertising matter will be accepted, (Such mat­ter should be included among advertisements),

'urE LONDON NATURAL HTSTOlW SOCIE,TY \Ve have received a list of the Field Meetings or this Society for 195'1..

Members wishing to attend as guests Sho-ll1d apply to Mr, H. A. rronmbs, the General Secretary, British MUSellm (Nat. Hist.).

Ecological work continues at Bookham Common, at the Bombed Sites and on l\.f.ay 20th at Norbul'Y Park, to compare V{oodland Vegetation on Chalk and Clay. rl'he follo\ying meetings are arranged: -May 26th, Ickenham Green; 30th, Hampstead Heath; June 2nd, Bookham Com­mon; 13th, Hampton Oourt; 17th, Plant hunting on Chalk, Gault and Greensand, and June 27tll, Abbey Wood.

BIRMlNGHAM NATURAL HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHIOAL SOCIETY.

rhis society is collecting records 'for a new :U'lora of Warwickshire, and would like help from as many people as possible. Anyone living in Warwickshire, 0-1' likely to botanize in t.he county, who is willing to assist, is askod to eomll1unicate with the Hon. Sec. of the Botanical Soction: ~Mr. R. C. Readett, 1 TotIey Road, Han Green, l1irmingham, 11, who will give d0ta~ls of the information required with each record.

1'HE ESSEX FIELD CLUB This Club is at prosent engaged in coll8.ting plant. records {rum its

herbaria, from field meeting notes and £I'om member,.,' observations with a view to preparing a new flora of Essex. There is no up to date pub~ lication giving the position of the nora of the County.

Anyone living in Essex, ,or likely to botanize in the county, who is willing to supply records, is asked to communicate with the Secretary:-­Mr. B, T. -Ward, 24 ]~ong Deacon noad, Chingford, who will supply de~ tails of the information required with eftch record.

COUNCIL FOR THE PROMOTWN OF F'mLD STUDIES The Council now owns four Field Centres:-

Flatford Mi11., East Bergholt, neal' Colchester, Essex. Juniper Hall) near Dnrkiug, Surrey .

. Dale Fort, near Haverfordwest, Pembrokeshire. Malllam Tarn, nDar Settle, Yorkshire.

!.\"l<JWH (JJ.' O'l'H1Ut SUU.L.l~'l·.l.L<:H

Full. u~s~l'ilJtive leaiiets about each of the Centres and about courses pll1uIled for the coming year are avaih;,ble and will be sent on request. '1'he Centres al'~ intended just as much for amateur naturalists as for parties from universities, training colleges and schools.

The normal period of residence is OIle week or more, and the charge if> £5 15s Bd per ... "eelL Enquiries abou-t accommodation 0-1' other infor­mation relating specifica.lly to one of the Centres should be addressed to the ·Warden. O-therwise, and for general information, cOl'respondenc(~

should be addressed to the Director, Council for the Promotion of Field Studies, 10 Exhibition Road, South Kensington, London, S.W.7.

CHELTENHAM AND DIS'['mCT NATURALIS'l'S' SOCIETY This socie'by i one of thEl youngest in the country, has tlm advantago

or having boen formed about -the timo of the, publication of Gloucester­shire's first li'lo1'u, and so has a good basis, fol' activity. The bo-tanical seution is at present cOllcerued firstly with trying to fin in the gap/,! in the dish'ibution of fairly common species, and A,lso with the critical groups and varieties. Hesearch is also going on in the groups, such as fiphu.nes and 17 eronicu sect:on B'eeealnJ.,ngu, whose mcords in the Flora UfO 11101'6' or less useless in the light of recent developments. ll'ield general meetings (to which members of Mw B.S.B.!. visiting the area are very welcome) are held every 'Vednesday evening in the summer una once a month on Saturday afternoons.. '

Soctional meetings are also interspersed with these. The HOll. Secretary, Mr. L. W. Hay ... "ard, Jasmine Qottage, High Btreet, Pr8st­bury, Cheltenham, will supply full details to- anyone anticipating a visit to the area.

SOU1'H ESSlcX NATUUAI, HISTOlW SOCIETY Tho following notanicaJ Fleld ~ioetillgs have been arranged :-l\1~~y

14~Pagleslw.m. Mm'it-ime ft,om. 'June 2-Rochford to Rayleigh. General. June 17-Reigate area (in conjunction with the J-,omlon Natural History Society). July 1G-Gl'ays area. Chalk flora. August 6~Ship"Yl'ight's 'Wood, Beuflcet. General. August 19-North Kent area (tOo be arranged). September 8-Nature H.eserve, Bel£ail's, Leigh­on-Sea, for hmgi. Further information ca,n be obtained from Mr. S. T. ,TennYll, 98 Vlestel'n Road)- Leigh-oll-Sea. Visito'rs will be welcomod.

SOUTH LONDON BOTANICAL INSTITUTE The Im;titllte maintains an impUlt8.tlt hel'baI'ium (illducling the (;01-

ledions of Joseph 'Woods, FTederick Town.'lend, W. H. Beeby and A. O. Hume), an excellent library, and gaTden. Rambles and visits aTe ar­ranged on Saturdays dUl'ing the summer months to- places within easy reach of I,ondon, and about ten lecture3 given on Friday evonings dur­ing the winter. Members of the B.S.B.1. ure invited to visit tho In­stitute and to attend the lectures and rambles. Applica'bon may be made to the Cumtol' at 323 Norwood Road, London, S.E.24, for a copy of the current programme.

11·1 NEW/:; 011 OTHEIt I:!()Um'l'l,ms

llEPORT ON THE INTEHKATIONAL BOTANICAL CONGHESS, STOCKHOLM, JULY 1960

The Seventh International BokLuical Congress was held in Stockholm frdm July 12th to the 20th, 1950, and was attended by more than 14-0U botanists from most parts of the- world. It was preceded and follolved by a rich and yaried programme of excursions in S,vec1en \vhich had beell planned many months before; during the Co·ngress itself, other General Excursions Welre heM, notahly to the islands of the Stockholm Archipelago. To attend such a gathel'ing is a rather bewildering and, at times) frustratiug experience, for the most obvious value is in per~ so-nal meetings and in interchallge of ideas, for the facilitation of 'which, howe.ver, the V81'Y full programme of lecture meetings was obviously not designed! (One had the impression, indeed, that the Iml'pose of the Sectional meetings might have been better fulfilled by haying a greater proportion of less formal discussions on previously selected themes in~ troduced by specialists i thnugh the diffi.culties of organisation of such a pl'ogrmnme might well have been too gl'eat,)

The Section for Nomenclature, faced with the. necessity of consider­ing a host of snggested a.1l1endmen'~s to the International Itules j be,gan its meetings some days befo1'e the Congress offi.cially openod! and made a vain attempt to finish these dBhb6l1'ations before the main pro_ gramme. In these s€ssions, where. clashes bet'ween opposing views W8rs

inevitable, it 'was interesting) if at the same time rather disappointing, to nnJ that bo,tanists are no more gifted than sta.tesmen in reaching agreed solutions of problems illvolving outstanding differences of opinion. The British participants .... vere particularly interested in a number of proposals, of which the following were hotly debated and may be of most genOol'al interest to members:-

1. The. question of nomina specijica conservanda (or reiicienda, or excludenda.); all snggestions for tho adoption of such (including a seem~ ingly mild compromise measure) wore rejectod, but, at t·he last moment) a Committee was set up to- report on the question at. the next Congress. One felt heTe that the sessio-n would have benefited from the presence and. comments of a larger Humber of 'practical) bo,tanists, involved in the day-ta-day use of common plant names!

2. The rotention of compulsory ]~atin diagnoses, foCI.' the pUblication of new taxa i upheld against some pressure-, chie·fly from algologists.

3. A new rule concerning the nome-nclature o,f subspecies and varie. ties was adopted, which required that any snbdivision of a specie-s which includoo -the type must he designated by a repetition o-f the specific epithet without citation nf un u-cthority.

The most important constructive step arising out of the Nomencla­ture and '.raxonomy meetings was the establishment of ,the Inte.rna­tional Association for Phnt Taxo-nolll1Y, with its offi.ce at Utrecht; this new body shnuld do much to furthBl' international tuxonomic and nomen­clatn~'al co~operation, and help in solving points of dispute, e.g. in in­terpreting -the Inte.rna.tional Rules.

NIH\'H ()IP U'l'HEI\ HU()lE'l'lE~ llo

To return to the main Oongress sessions. These were opened by an imllrest:live speech, in faultless English: hy the Crown Prince (no'w King) of Sweden. The 1l12jority of papers were thon read at on8 of the meet~ i11gs of the 16 separate Sections catering for every branch of Botany, from the modern palynology and cytogenetics to the more traditional morphology and systematics. Pro,bably the best attended lectures were those giyen by members of the Russia,ll delegation of eight, which ar­rived some"\-vhat unexvectedly and late; and. in pal'ticnla,r by the foul' gene,ticists, who gave papers, at a special evening session. The strongest impression of these which rectnains, is 0.£ the great gulf bet'ween the Russian concept of what constitutes a scientific experiment, and proof 01' disvroof of a sciontific hypothesis, and that held by the company as u whole.

~ehe Congress receiveu enormous publicity in the national and local Swedish .press j most national (i.e. Stockholm) papers carried an edi­tOl'ial welcome on the first day (in one paper in hoth Swedish and :Eng~ li8h)' and a fl'ont-page article all the proceedings every da.y thronghout the sessio1ls,. The local paiH:lrS seized with avidity upon reports of the Held excursions) their articles abounding in fascinating mis-spellings of the' outlandish names of distinguished partici.pants, and illustrated by photographs said to show botanists studying 8wc.dish vegetation. This phenomenoll, so striking to- an Englishmtl,n, is only partly to be explainod in terms of plontiful newsprint and relatively little, n.ews COIll­

petition; it undoubtedly in VUl't re,fleets the widespreail appreciation of field natural history among the people, in this country of the Lin~ neaJl tradition.

'What were the concrete aehievements of th8' Congress? I have al­ready indicated those concerning taxonomy and nomeilCla-tul"6, with which Ollr Society is perhaps most concerned. Less conere'boly, but of groat ,alue, however, was the demonstration that our S'cience is and must remain international, and has not yet fragmented irretrievably into specialisms; a Jemonstra'tion brought home most vividly to the. in­c1ividnnJ participant. ill conv~rsations \vith fellow-botanists from otheI' landr:l, and particularly in enjoyment Ctlld study together of what was to most a new and hitherto unexplored vegetation. On the excursions bO"~anists from other lands were· soon a \VIll'O of the, active continuing field tradition for which Linuueus laid such a sure foundation; and mallY must have envied the Scandinayians their knowledge of the dis­trihution of tlwil' native- fLora by VJrtue of which Professnl' Hnlten's magnificent Atlas of the Distribution of Vasc1da1' Plants vn N. TV. Eu,rope has been prodllced.

S. M. WALTERS.

INTJ<)RNATlONAl, ASSOCfA1'ION FOR PLANT TAXONOMY

This Association was formed as a result of a meoting during the Seventh International Botanical Congress at Stockholm last summer. Its aims are stated to be: , __ I 'To consider measures for the future de~

llG

velOPlllcnt of Plant rraxonolllY and Plant, Googl'nphy, and to' organise the exe('ution of such plans us require international co-operation)).

Publications 'which it is hopeu ·wi.ll be issued are:-

l'(.('£on, the official ne"w::; bulletin, which it is hoped may become a monthly issue, and will contain news of ilitoG1'8St to Taxonomists.

li'oru'i'n Phytoiaxono1f/,icU'ln. A scientific journal which will appeu.l' at inegular intervals.

Regnum Vegetu.,bi·le. A sel'ies of handbooks .for the use of Taxonomists and Plant Geographers.

l\:I.embership, For individuals: Regl1lar j][embe7'S) $3 per anU1ll11,

for which they receive Taxon- free and other publications at reduced cust. Associ(f.ie Members, $1 per annum, T(lxon froe. 11'01' Societies: lfeguluT 1l1embe1's, $25 per annum. ASSOClu,te 111embe1's, $10 per annum. Both with same rights as for individuals. Arrangoments are being Illade for payments to be made in this country.

Applicants for memborship 01' for further particulars should \vritu to : -'l'he SecretnI'Y, International Association for Plant Taxonomy (01"

l.A.p.'r.), Prof. J. LaHjouw, Lange Nieuwstma.t 106, Utrecht, Nether­lands.

'rIlE COUPE JlOTANIQUE DES ALPEB Abhreviated from a lteport made by Miss M. S. CAMPllEI>L to the

Oouncil of the Sooiety.

In August 1950 I attended, as the, Society's o,fficial representative, the Coupe Botanique des Alpes, the 78th Session Extraordinaire of the SocieM Botanique de France.

This remarkable eiXcursion, which may he described as an appendix to the IntenuLtional Congress at Stockholm, w'U.s organised with the co-operation of the Societe Botanique 8uiss!) and Austrian botanists, Its vbject was to, l'evis-w the principal biological and biogeographical problems l'aise(l by "the Flora. of the Alp'3 and the solutions arrived at uy the leading specialists on the subject. ,'Ve were .able to. follow, with­out being encumbered with too much detail, the t.ral18fol'nmtion of tho alpine Flora from east to west and the, ecolngica..l conbrasts produced by diffe-rent rock formations and exposur~s" and were given a fine imprcs­I::>ion of the vogHtution of th~ groat massif around ,,,:hioh is grouped the :Ellropean Flora.

An admirable guide fol' t.he excursion was issued to all participants, the quality of which is bes'~ summed up hy a list of the contributors, all nf whom ·wen} with us ill the, :field :~Prof. H. Gams (Innsbruck), Dr. E. Schmid (Zurich), Dr. \V. Ludi (Zurich), Dr. W. Rytz (Berne), O. Hirschmann (Saas li'ce), Prot. F. Chol1at (Geneva), Dr. P. Guinier (Paris.), Dr. R. de Vilmorin, C. Guinc.~J 11roL Humbert (Paris), Dr. Becherel' (Geneva) and Prof., Bl'aun-Blanquet· (Montpelliel'). Among the official representatives ·were :-Dr. Rousseau and IJrof. Prat from

:~

KF.'\YR OF OTHli)R SOmm'TTI1S 117

Canada, Prof. Brown from U.S.A. (J--,onisia.lla), Dr. ZoharYl Dr, Naoml ]j'einhrl111, Prof. nays and oi,hers from Jernsalem, Prof, and Mme, Heil~ hron from Turkey and Pro£. Geml from Morocco.

The party totalled some 14:0, of 'which a bar6 haH~dozen were nOll­hotanists, and appl'oximatdy half of us camped n.t night to sa've ex­penses. Almost everywhere the roads were crowded with traffic, and no praise is ,too great for the superb driving of our chauffeurs

The excnrsion started from Grenoble at 8.30 a.m, on Sunday, August 6th, and by midnight we- had entered ,and tra.velled from one end of Switzerland to the other (We.esen), picking up members along the route, Next evoning, we entered Austria by Col cl' Arlberg, and reached Inns­bruck, capital of the Tyrol.

On August 8th the opening Session was held in the University j wO wore welcomed by tho looal all.thorities a,"l well as by the Director, and I was appointed an Honorary Vice-President of the SocieM for the 'durrt~ tion of the excursion.

At Innsbruck we divided into gmups, and I went over the Brenner Pass with the Dolomite,., party, From the Dolomites we went via Bol­v,flno to Satl.tu Maria, "'hero 01(' grcl11PS were rennite(l for the clay in the Swiss Nationnl Park in the n~Ntadine: then to St ]Vfol'itz for two night."!, and after that via. SlIs Maria, Maloia Pass and the Val Brega.~ glia into Ita.ly again, Como (Dongo), Menaggio, and back into Swit­zerland at Gandria, ';nd, finally, to Agno nea.r Lugano, fa.r that night; on August 15th to Intorbken fur two nights via the Va.JJe I.epontina, St Go-tthard a.nd Snsten Passes; on August 17th via tl1e Grimsel Pass, the summit. :floral carpet being strangely reminiscent of lllany Scottish highland hilltops, to tho Rhono Glacier and to Hrigue in the Valais for t'wo nights. We had here reached the principal mee,ting place of the diverse alpine floTas,. On August 19th my gronp reached Gene,va via Lower Valais, where there was an informal reception at the Uni~ versity. Next day wc reimrned to France 1Jia Annecy, Hante Taren~ taise, Col de l'Iseran into ·the I-Iauto Maudenne at Bonneval~sur-Al'c for two nights.

At Brian~on, on Augnst 22nd, there was a formal reception by the Mayor ill the ancient Hotel de Ville, amI on the noxt day the party travelled to. Gap fo,r two nights j on the 25th hack to Grenoble for a \velcome by the Mayor and the closing Session with representatives of hoth the town and University of Grenoble. There were Summarie,s of 'problems, theories ancl solutiollR, followed hy admirable speeches of thanks, and an informal banquet of local specialiti.es, at which we were joined by the Director of the University.

In this Roport of the Conpe, I have sai.d nothing about the bohni­eal resnlts, as these will eventually he available elsewhere, but, look­ing back, the exceptionally happ)r combination of formality and infor~ Jllality on an excursion of this magnituue and importance is deserving of RpeclQ.\ mention.

118 KF.W:;:; OF OTHER SOC[Wl'1,Fl8

The links with onr own upland and alpine Flora were almost daily visible, and it is to be regretted that the opportunity of field work for three glorious weeks with local experts should not have been seized by more British botanists.

During -bhe' Coupe, I .. vus constantly asked for information in mat­ters pertaining to British .Botany, [1ml there seems no doubt that it gaYe very real pleasure to the l1'l'cnch Society to have a B.B.B.l. re­presentative 011 the Excursion.

M. S. UAMPBF:T,J,

,

nIR~'RIRlT1'On.J R REPOR'T' FOR 1D50

DISTRIBUTOR'S REPORT FOR 1950

By E. S. FiDEES

U!I

The exchange section of the Society is still alive and must be kept alive as long as Dhere is any hope of increa.sing its strength. To botan­ish! who live far away from the national collections it is invaluable to receive specimens of newly discovered or critical plants that are in the news. In the present distribution Mr. RilstoneJs sheets nf Cornish R1lvi admil'ably illustrate six of the species described in his pa,per "Some Corniflh Hubi JJ in Jo·u~'n. Liwn. Soc. (Bot.), 53, 413-21, 1950.

Our thanks are due to Drs. G. Taylor and E. F. 'Warburg and to Messrs. J. P. M. Drenan J J. E.. Dandy, C. E. Hubbard, R. D. Meikle, K Nelmes, N. l~. Sand'with, H. K. Airy Rlmw and S. M. Walters for the-ir help i11 ('xaminillg critical 8pe<:if'.'l.

Jlilay 1951.

120 OIS1'mnu'rOR'S REPOR:l' Fon· 1050

LTS'1' OF PAnCEl,S RRCEIVED

Cnr1isle Museum

U. K. DUllcan

E. S. Edees .............. . A. :ill. Ellis . ....... " ..... J. K Lousley ll~. Rilstone ............ E. L. Swann li}. C. \Vallacc D. P. Young

G-atherings Sheets.

12 2 1

1 10

16 1 4

47

84

23

8

22 114 139

7

47

444

DupJiCftt(',~.

50 74

21

1413

DrSTRITIUTO_U'R HEl'ORT lrOIt 1950 121

Fnrnal'iu officina/is L, 70, Cumherland; garden weed on sandy soil, Brampton, 8th June 1950,-Miss C: W. lVIUIllH]JAD, comm, C'ARUSLE MrsEulii (Re-f. No, 50,116). ~~ Yes."-~. Y. SAND,YI'l'H,

Nastwrtium rrd('.rophyll1urn Boenn, ex Rchb. X offici.nu/c R.llr. 1, 'Vest Oornwall; in stream, Lambourne, Pel'l'nllzabuloe, 26th June 1950, -F. RII,S'l'ONE. it Characteristic material of the hybrid,J!-H. K, AIRY SHAW.

Nnst1Jrti.nm microphJJllulln Boc-nn, e.x Rchb. X o/ficinale R.BL', 1, W0st Cornwall; old water wheel pit, l,ambriggan, Perranzabu]oe, 24th June 1950.-F. RILSTONlll. (i Characteristic material o·f the hybrid."-H. K. tIRY SHAW.

Viola odorata I" vaT. suIfurea (Car,) R. & F. 17, Surrey; clearing; in woods, on chalk, Great Burgh, Epsom Downs, 4th April 1950, Flowers ivory shading to creamy yellow in centre, quite scentless. Beard absent, thereforo also comes under var. imbeTbis I-rens1.-D, P. YOUNG (Ref. No. :1414). (i Correctly named. The' degree· of development of the beard on the lateral petals varies in this gathering, even as between flowers at­tachod to the same' plant; but some, beard is appare.nt on all but two 0 r the flowers which are pressed so as to show the relevant part, so that ~beard absent' is not correct. Rouy & Foucaud (Flare de France, 3, 20) state· their plant is. beardless; Gl'(')gory (Br'itish Violets, 8) says 'slightly llearded' whic]) fits' this mntol'ial very wen."-B. M. WALTRRS.

Saginc~ maritima, Srn. 70, Cumherland; sandhills on Grune l'oint, Skinburness, Silloth, 4th June 195O'.-Mi88 G, W. MUHtHE.AD, comm. CARMSL:nJ MUSFJUM (Rei. No. 50.117).

Ma.lva rotundifolin JJ. ("11f. parvijlora L,"). 1:1, Sussex; aronnd farm buildings, West Dean, 6th August 1949.-D, P. YOUNG (Ref. No, 3345). "Dr. Young's plants have hairy claws to the petals and are therefore M. rottttndifolia, I" (M. pusilla.. With., M. bOTeaIiS' Wallm,), See an abstract of a paper in .7Uwaora. by Morton on this group of species in 1937, Jowrn. Bot" 75, 235. My colleague Mr, R. A, B1nJ;:elock agrees with this naming."-J. P. M. BmmAN. I( Of the two pi.eces received one was a complete- plant and the other a portion of: a larger stem. They appear to- be M. rotnndifolia ]~. (M. pusina, Srn,), The claw of the petals is bearded and the bractlets of the- epicalyx equal or exceed the flower­ing calyx, In M, par'lJi/lora. L" a ral'e alien, the claw is glabrous ann the bl'actlets faH considerably short.of the calyx, The calyx too is en­tire,' but in lII. rotundifo~i-a. it is more or less toothed,"-E. L. SWANN.

Ma.Lva p-arvi/lol'a L, 28, 'Vest Norfolk; carrot field with other aliens, village farm, I-!oughton, 7th October 1950.-E, J..I. SWANN (Ref. No. 2163), ,/ Correctly named. Note the glabrous claws to· the petals, My colleague Mr, nO, A. Blakelock agre€s with this vercliot,"-,T. P. M. HfU<l;]\TAN.

122 DISTRIlHT'ron':,! RRPORT TlOlt H150

LohlS uliginosus Schknhr. 1, 'Vest Cornwall; from dry pastur~ at BOO ft. alt., Lambourne Hill, Perranzabuloe, 12th August 1947,-1i'. Rn.sTONF:.

Fid,a dasycarpa Ten, 17, SUl'l'oy: field of oats, fr'equent but confined to outOl' edge with F. sativa and a little V. pannoni,ca Cr., Chelsham, 9th August 1950.-D. P. YOUNG (Ref. No. 3772), "Correctly named,ll­J. P. M. BRMAN.

RubuS' carrnlciefensis· Rilst. 1, West Cornwallj roadside thicket, Fn,ir View, Lambollrne, PenanzalJllloe, 5th August 1950,-F. RILSTONFl.

Rubus- D[~veyi Rilst.' I, 'Yest Cormvfdl; field horder, Lmnbourno, PerranzabuJoe, 29th July-lOth August 1950.-ll'. RnsToN1lI,

R''ll,bus Newbould'ianH,~ Rilst. I, West Cornwall; field bordors, I .. n.m­bourne, Petram:abuloe, 29th July-10th August.-F. RILSTONE.

llulJus penhaUo'Wen1ts Rilst. Penhallow, Pel'ranzahuloe, 12th

1, -West Cornwall; field border, August 19S0,-F, Rn,wl'oNF.,

110tt1'

Bnlm,s Ridd'e7-8ffr.nii Rilst.. 1, ViTest CormnLll; growing in good so"il in semi-shade, Lamboul'ne Hill, :t;>erranzabuloe, 24,th July 1950.-F. Rn,~ S'l'QNE,

.u1l.1J1/j.~ Biddelsdelli'i nilst. 1. 'Vest Cornwallj fIeld h01'(lel', T .. Hrn~ bourne, Perranzabuloe, 16th August 1950.-F. RILS'J.'ON~:.

B'l&b'UJS Tresificleri Rilst, 1, West Cornwall; field border, Lamhonrne, PE'l"l'anzabnloe, 5tll August 1950.-F. RU~S'l'ONT<}.

Aphan,es microcarpa. (H. & R.) Rothm. 28, West Nori'olk; dry heath overlying the Lowor GreenBfwd, Roydon ~ommon, Kings Lynn, 10th J\Ja~r 191)0'. Plant associates: ;l'i'/'({. praecox, eem.~Li,uqn sernidecanrZTlIm, nraba ve1'na, Erodi1J.m cicuta.1'ium, l-i'ila.go minima, Rum.ex Aceto,~ea(1,­.E. L. S\VANN (Her. No. 2116). "Oorrect."-S. M, WALTERS.

Sorbus interme'dia (Ehrh.) Fers. 90, Angus; Inchdowl'ie, Glen Clava, 18th July 1950,-Miss U. K. DUNCAN. {( S. A1"ia, X A'l/'c1~paria = X S, semipirr;n.a,i-a, (Roth.) Hedl., presumably planted."-E. F. 'VAUnURG.

Ora,ta,egu8 oxyacantho1:de.~ Thuill. 70, Cumberland j roadside tree above Inch, near Ridding8 station, 22nd May UJ-50.-Miss C, W. Mum­HlilAD, comm, CARLISLE Mus:mM (Ref. No. 50.07). {( Probably O. mono-91lnet X oxyaer./.Jnthoidcs, though much nearer the latter."-E. F. '\YAIV­nURG.

Ohn}SOBplcniu.m. alternifolium L. 39, Staffordshire; Dydon Wood, Stftnton, 1st April 1950.-E. S. E,DEES.

lnR'r'lUn1T~'OR' R Jl.l<:}'OTI!J' FOR lOilO 123

Limonium binervosltm (G. E,. Sm.) C. E. Salmon. 70, C'umberland j sandstone cliffs, Fleswick Bay, St. Bees Head, 28th July 1950.-Miss C. 'V. MUIRHTIlAD, camm. CARLISLE MUSEUM: (Ref. No. 50.143).

Eltphm-sia nCmorosa (Pers.) Lohr var. calea,rea, Pugsl. 28, West Nor­folk; railway embankment on chalk, by rond from NftI'barough to Mar­ham, 22nd July 1950.-E. L. SWANN (Ref. No. 2131). "E. nemoro,sa (Pers,) H, Mart, emend, LohI', bll't not, I believe, the plant to' 'which Pugsley's description of var. calcarrea best applies. The plant distri~

buted is a common fo-rm on chalk and limestone and has sometimes been called var. calcQlr"ea Pugsl. and sometimes var. coUina Pugsl., hut I doubt whether either name is really applicable to' it. I cannot give it a varietal nm,ne at present."-E. F. 'WAP-BURG.

Eu,phrasia, scotica 'Vettst. (" E. micmn.tha· Rchb."). 70, Cumber­land i gill near tlle Watendlath track, above Rosthwaito, BOl'rowdale, 22nd July 1950.-Miss C. W. MUmUgAD (Ref. No. 50.138 B). Det. E. F. WARBURG.

E'IJ,phTa.sia montmna, Jord. 70, Cumberland; meadow below Watend­lath rrarn, Borrowdale, 22nd July 1950.-Miss C. ·W. MUIRIIEAD, cornm. CARLISLJil MUSE"CM (Re£. No. 50.135). "Correct."-E. li'. ,\VARBURG,

Me1ntha l'ongifolia, (L.) Huds. yal'. horridu/,o, Briquet. 28, West Nor­folk j semi-heathland on greensand, by Le7.iate, golf course, 1st August 1n50.-E. L. SWANN (ReI. No. 2132).

lIIentha. piperita L. var. offieinalis Sole lusus pi~os'l'/'s StilL 28, West Norfolk; hedgerow by dykeside, Marsh I.-ane) Dersingham, 31st August 1950'. Confirmed by R. Graham.-E. L. SWANN (H~f. No. 2165).

Mentha pip'eri-ta, h var. sltbeo1'dat'a Fraser. 28, West Norfolk; dyke on ltoydon Common behind Grimston Road station, 29th August 1950. Det. R. Graham.-E. IJ. SWANN (HeL No. 2144).

Mentha pipet'Ua IJ. var. v1.llgwris Sole. 28, West Norfolk; dykeside, Roydon Common, east of tIle level crossing, 29th August 1950. Con­firmed by H. Graham.-E. L. SWANN' (Re£. No. 2166).

l?uphorbia, vi1'ga.ta 'V. & K. 17, Surrey; railway embankment, San­derstead, 28th May 1950 (Re£. N'o. 3468) and 25th June 1950' (Re£. No. 8642).-D. {'. YOUNG. "This is certainly EuphoTbia, virga-ta aud. angl. T1wre SB6ms something to be sfI,id for Croizat's view that the phmt commonly called virgata does not square wen with the original piC'tnl'e, of JiJ. virgu,ta, in Waldstein and Kitaibel's DeM'. le. Plo ErN. IIu.ng., 2, 176, t. 162 (1805). rrhose who accept Croizat's conclusions must caU our plant N. Podpera.e Croiz. (E. irdercedens- Podp., non Pax): :'lee his paper in 1945, Am-eT. 1I.fid'1. Na:t., 33, 281-24.g, and 1947, ap. cit., 37, R01-2."-,J. P. l\:f. BRImAN.

124 DISTRI_UUTOn's REPO:HT FOR lD50

UTtica. piluU,fera L. 28, West Norfolk; grolvn from descendants of t,he original plant found by the late C. B. Plowright on King's I .. ynn docks, 11th June, 1950.-E. L. SWANN (Ref. No. 2'167).

Salix pentand1'a h 70, Cumhel'lancl j SOl.).therfield Moss, Abbey Town, 13th August 1950.-Miss C. W. MUIRHE:AD, comlTI. GARLISLH MUSEUM

(Ref. No. 50.11 A). U COl'rect."-R. D. MEIKLE.

S(blix pentandra L. (ns. fragilis L. X pen:tandra L. " ). 70, Cumber­Jand; marsh beside disused railwuy from Abbey Tmvn to Bromfield, 29th lVlay and 13th August 1950.-Miss C. W. MUIRlmAD, cornm. CA.RUBLE

MUSEUM (Ref. No. 50.09). {' A rather narrow-leaved form of S. pen­tancvra L. 0 J not the hybrid S. x Meyeriarna Rostk."-R. D. MEIKLF..

SaUx i:riandra !J. var. IIo!frnanmiwna (Smith). 28, West Norfolk; dalllP \vood on 'fon peat, Cranborry \Vood, East Winch, 17th April and 11th September 1950.-E. L. SWANN (Re£. No. 1746). "Correct, I think, but I am not at all well acquainted with the vars. of S. trinndra· L."-H... D. MEIKLE. '

xSalix 1'1t.bra Huds. 28, \Vest Norfolk; in disused ·wi1lcl'.v-carr, Gate EIO'uso, Bawsey, 25th March and 13th September 1950.-]~. L. SWANN

(Ref. No. 19(8). U CorreC't."-R. D. MEIKLE.

xSalix r1hbra Huds. var. gen-ui·iUl- Syme. 28, West Norfolk; in diR­nsed willow-carr, the Gate House, Eawsey, 25th March and 13th Septcrn­her 1950.-E. L. SWANN (Rei'. No. 1970). 'I COl'r0ct."-R. D. MRIKLF..

x8a[i~: calodendrO'f/' Wimm. (S. aG1l,mina·ta Bm.). 28, West. Norfolk; stl'oamside in reed-bed on the Lower Gl'oonsand, Coalyard Creek, \Vol­re'rton, 16th April and 9th September 19tm.-l!j. T.I. S.WANN (ReL No. ]081). 1'1 agreo."--'-R. D. 1\bIKLE.

xSal'ix calodend-ron Wimm. (S. aC1.lJninata Srn.). 28, West Norfolk; in cotta.ge garden, Holme-next-the-Sea, ] 8th March and 24th September 195(},-E. L. SWANN (Ref, No. 1982). U I agreo."-lt. D, M:RIKLE.

Satix caprea, 11. X viminaTis L. 28, West Norfolk; a hedgerow trt'(l on sandy soil, Roydon Road, Roydon Common, 27th April and 12th Sep­tember 1950.-E. L. SWANN (Ref. No. 2090). 1/1 iJ,gree."-H. D. MEIKLR.

Salix capna, L. X vimmalis L. (" S, a·trocinerea Brot. X vimvnalis J~."). 28, West No'rfo1k; field margin on thin fen peat, Gate HOllSe' ,

Bn.w:;;ey, 25th March and 13th September 1950.-K JJ. SWANN (ner. No. 20H6). il I consider this Salix caprea. L. x viminali·B J1. 'rhe undel'sidcfl of the leaves have the inc1umentum and venation of this hybrid."-n.. D. ME-IKM1. '

Oeratoph1lllu,m submerslMn JJ. 70, Cumber land ; Monkhill Lough, near Carlisle, 2Hd June 1050.-Miss E, WARD and Miss C. iN. MurmmAn, comm. CAHl.1ST~E MU8F.UM. Det. J. E. DANDY and G. 'J'AYT,on.

lJ.LH'l'lUm·TO.H.' H UE'I,'()lt'l.' l!'lHt lW30 126

lJotU1l/()Ueto)l filijOI'1I1 is Perb'. gO, Angus; 13algaviel:l Loch, Hear II'ol'H far, 10th July U150.-Miss U. K. DUNCAN. "Col'l'ect."-J. E. DANDY

and G, 'rAYLOlt.

Cu:rex vu.lpinoidea Michx. 17, Surrey; (lamp hollow, Tadworth, l1>t allc1 16th July 1950. The plant was discovore.d here by C. T. Prime Vl"110 sent specimens to m0' for identification at the end of June Ip50. 1'ho1'o were about twenty large dumps, each of some, 200 onlms, and at the time of my first visit the hollow was dry and the culms erect with bright gl'een spi.kes. On July 16th the spik-es were turning yellow rmd the clumps spr<t,yling and standing in about a foot of watel". No other aliens were observed in the vicinity and judging from the size of the plants it seems likely that it had been established in this closed community for a considerable time,. It is di.ffi.cult, to suggesp a likely source of introduc­tion of a North American sedge to this habitat, but U.S.A. forces wore in the district during the ·war and may lJave brought the fruits with their stores or vehicles. Ii'o. a l10tB on previous occurrences in Britain see Lousley, B.JJJ.a. 1937 Rep., 459, 1938.-J. E. LOUSLEY. (' Yes, good complete specimens of Carex vnlpinoidea Michx.) a North American sedge which 1h. Lousloy found near Farnborough, VV. Kont, in 19'37. It was fil'st [oUlld in Bl'itain in 1880 ou the banks of the Thames ut Kew."-E, NELM])'S.

Oa~Tex JJo,~tian(1, DU. X 't11,1nid'iC'wrpa Andorss. 28, \Vest Nor.foUr; margi.n of peaty bog, East Winch Commoll, 5th August 195Q,-E. L. SWArm (Bd. No,. 2133). ({ Yes, Om'ex demissa HOl'nem. X O. Hostiana DC. The plants often occur near oach otheI' and frequently hybridize." -]jj. NFlLMES,

Ourex ()xte'nBa Good. 70, C'umbcrland; salt marsh tUl'f between Havellglass and Eskmeals, 9th J"uly 1950.-Miss C, W, MUlRHF.AD, eOllllll.

CAR1,ISU~ MUSEUM (!-te:E. No. 50.133), "Typical examples."-E. NEJ,MES,

(Jush·idi,11,m, ventTicOS1l,m (Gonall) Schi])", & 'I~hellung.

!jjssexi grassy slopes west of Ha.dleigb Castle, 24th June \VALI"AOE (Ref. No. 6650). Confirmed by C. E. HUBllARD.

18, ,south 1950,-E. C.

O(da,b7'oS'C~ wl1w,t.ica (L.) Beanv. '70, Cumborland; growing i.n a sOllglJ on Soutl18l'fiold Moss, Ahl)ey Town, JuJy 1950.-Miss C, \V. MUIRllEAU,

COlll111, CAlLMST,E MesEu~L Oonfi.rmcd by C. E. HUBBARD .

.BTach1JPodiU'r11 syZ,vatiC1i1n (Huds.) Deauv. 70, Cumborland; sa.nd­stone cliffs, Fle:o;,vick Bay, St. Bees Head, 28th July 1950.-Miss C. W, MUIRTIIMJJ, comn. CARLISL:g MUSEUM (Ref. No. 50.144). Confirmed by C. E. HUlIBARn.

126 RULE8

RULES

V18 PflSSED AT :1 S.PEC.lAL OENERAL MEJC'l'.lNG HEL]) Olli OOTOBER 25th, 1D4'!, AND AMENDED AT THE ANNUAL GENERAL MEETINGS HELD ON APRIL 1st, 1949, AND

APRIL 14th, 1951)

1. NAME The name of the Society 5hall be the Bo'~anical Society of the British Isles.

2. OBJECTS

The objects of the Socie.ty are:-< i. To encourage the. study o.f' tho l{'lowering; Plant,,:!, Vascular Crypto~

gams and ChaI"Ollhyta of the British Isles; to promote the iu­vestigatioll of their det-a"iled distribution j and to: issue' such periodi­cal and other pUblicati.ons a::l the interests of the Society reqmre.

ii. To facilitute interconrse amollg British botanists for the exchange of information twcl ideas, and ulso of dried material of critical

iii.

iv.

species. '1'0 aid in the maintenance of adequate represent.ative collections of British plants. in the national and other public herbaria. To promote- in every way possible the conservation of the British flora. ~.

v, '1'0 organise- botanical excursions, conferences, lectures, exhibitions, and ot,her meetings,

3. MANAGEMENT OF THE SOOIE'ry (a) 'rhe Offieel's of the Society shall consist Qof a President, not more

th::m foul' Vice-Presidents, Honorary General Secretary, Honorary 'rl'eaST,rel', Honorary FieIcl Secretary, amI Honorary Editor or Joint Editors,

(b) The management of the affairs and property of the Society shall be in the hands of a. Council, to which the Officers shall be'respon­sible, and which shall have pO'wer -to appoint Committees for specVic purposes.

(c) The CbunciI shall consist of the Officers and sixteen elected mem­beo.'s,

(d) The Preside,nt and Vice-Presidents shall be elected to serve for a term of two ye-aI'S and shall not be eligible to' se-I've for a. period of more "han foul' consecutive yea,rs in oach office j the other Officers sha.ll be re-elected anmwlly and shall he eligible for re-election each year. Nominations fol' Officers, shall be made by the Council for election at the Annual General Mee,ting,

ltULES 127

(e) The elec~ed members of the Coullcil shall he elected at the AnnlluJ General Me.eting; four of the elected members shall retire eyery year by rotation in 01'(18.1' of seniority; the seniority of members to he determined by drawing lots at the time of their election. Re~ tiring members shall nO'b be eligible 1'01' re-election until the next Annual General Meeting.

(f) All 1HJlnin~1tjom;' fo1' '"[l.cancies on the Counoil shall lle in ,Yriting, signed by two meIllb81's of the bccie.ty, shall be aocompanied by the written consent of the candidate to se1'\'e if elected, and shall be sent to the HOnOl'Ul'Y General Beoretary before February 1st in each year. In U10 eve.nt of an in8-ufficienb number of nominations being reooil'eel by Febl'uary 1st. to fin the vac::meies, the Council shall haxe Dower to make the necessary nominations,

(g) In cases of emergency the Council shall have power to make urgont temporary appointments a·t their o"yn discl"eiion,

4, }iFi,MBERSHIP

(a) ODDINAHY l\I:KMBEHSHIP of the S.obiety is open to all persons interosted in botany who comply v,·lth Itn le 4(d) und pay the cur~ rent; Huoscription, 'which s]mll entitle them to the privilegos of membershil1 until the 31:-:lt <lay of December of the current year, [Dut see also Rule 6(c).J

(b) JUNIOR MEMBEJISHIP. Pel'sons under the, age of 21 years may join the Society as Junior l\Iemhel'S on payment of half the annual subscription payab;e b'y Ordinary Members. Paymont o.f this sum shall entitle a Juniol' 1\".1e111b01· to the privileges of membership until the 3lllt day oil' Docembcr of the cUlTen~ year. A Junior Member 'will cease to he a J nni 01' Member on the 31st day of December of the year in which he roaches the age of 21 years, and may thell become an Ordinary Member without beillg again proposed and seoonded. , ....

(c) Ii'AMfLY MEl\Hn.!~USHIP. MemlJen, of the bmily of an Ordinary Member who do Hot wish to rece-ive copies of the Society's pC'l'iodical publications may, at the discretioll of the Council, be elected mem~ bors of the Society on payme'llt of such reduced SUbscription as the Council shall from time to bime uecidc.; such members shaD have all the other privileges of Ordinary Members. Enquirios concerning Family .:\femhership should be. add1'essed to the Ho-nol"al'Y General Secn~tnry.

(d) CANDIDATES FOH. MEMBERSHTP shall obtain from t.he Honorary General Secretary a ooPY of the It-ules of t.he Society and ,sign a Fot":m of ])€claration of their willingness to· support the o-bject."l of the Society and accept the. responsibilities of member­ship. Candidate,'! shall be proposed and seconded hy members of the Societ~', and shonld indicate the nature of their botttnical in~ terosts, [In case of difficulty in Gomplying wit'h this provision the Honorary General Secretary should be consulted,]

12R

(8). J-LONOltAItY MRi\lHH,HiclJHP. Botanists, "whethe1' .British 01' iJ'oreign, "who lU\.\'8 rendered special service to the, Society 01' its objects may, on the l'ecommenc1ation of the COlLllcil at a Genel'u,l :Meeting" be elected Honorary Members, who shall enjoy all the pl'ivileges of membership. Nominees for Honorary l\J.embership shall, before thoir names are submitted by the Council to a General Meeting, ob-taill tIle yotes of not less than three-quart.ers af those present in CounciL The numbers of Honorary Mem bel'S shall not be added to whon the sum total of sHch membe,l's 81xceeds eight per cent. of bile total paying 1118,mbel's of the Society ,us on the la::;t day of: the pr'eceding yeal'.

5, 8UllSO]UBBJl8 ilotu.nical or J'.iatnrul Histol'Y 80ciet.ies, Libraries, Mnsuums, liotani.cal Gardens, all{I similar Institutions, which are unaule to confurm with tho conditions or Hule 4(d), shall be entitled to beeome Subscribers at the rate of sllbscril)tion applicablo to Ordinary Members. They shall be 0'n~

titled to the pl'ivileges of ordinary lnemhel'ship except that they shall be eritit.led to send not morc than one representative to any meeting of the Society, and only accl'edit.ed l'el)resentativ0s u£ Societies shall be o1l.titled, to vu"be. They shall consult the Panol ouly through their secre~ tariat. 'rlwy are eXl){,cted to support the objects 0.£ the Society and to accept the responsibilities of Ordinary :lHembership as far as possible, and their acceptance and retention as Suhscl'1bel's is snbject to the absolllte dil:lCl'etion of the CoullciL

6. ANNUAL 8UHSCRIPTlONS (<1) Thu annnal snbscriptioll shall be Olle guinea f{Jl'1 Ordinary M.oJllbenL (b) AlllllW..l subscl'ivtions are payable llllon the first day of J'auuary in

cach year. (e:) 'rl18 a,nllual 8ubl>cription 0-[ memo{)J's 'who join the Society Otl or

after the first day 0'£ Octo]lel' shall cover the pCl"lod ending on the thirty-first day of December of the fOllOlVillg year.

«(1) Not-lce shall be given to every member of his subscl'iptioll beillg due.

(e) Any member whose snbscl'iption shall be in arrear for two years uu the first Jay uf J'anual'Y in any year shall ce-ase to he a member.

7, LIFE MEMBEHSHIP Members "who have already compollnded for Life Membership shall COIl­

tinue to enjoy all the privilege~ 'of Ordinary Members. No fUl'ther "Life Membors shall be accepted for the prese,nt,

e. PRIVILEGES OF MEMBERSHlP Each member of the Society shall be en:titled:-

(a) To receive one copy of the Socioty's periodical publications as issued (except as provided under Rule 4 (c».

RU.l~ES 129

(b) To submit plants ior naming to the Honorary General Secretary 01'

to the specialists on the Panel (see Rule 19). Return postages shall be prepaid by the sender.

(c) To consult the Officers, Local Secretaries, Recorders, and, Panel upon botanical matters.

(d) 1'0 submit papers and notes for publication by the Society.

(0) To attend, and vote at, all meetings and, fOO far as accommodatiOll and transport are available, to attend all field meetings of the Society.

(f) To invite guests to attend field meetings and certain other meetings, subject to the discretion uf the Council.

(g) To contribute parcels of dried plants and participate in the a.nnual Exchange DistributlOn, which ~hal1 be conducted in accordance with such regulations as the Oouncil may from time to time direct. [Copies of the Regulations of tho Exchange Distribution may be obtRilled free of charge from the Honol'Ul'Y General Secretary.]

(h) If contributing and/or receiving specimons in connection wihh the Annual ]~xchange, to purchase t-wo additionnJ copies of hhe Dis­tributor's Report at a discount of 25 per cent. oir the- publisherl pnce, on giving notice to the Honol'f),cy General Secretary not later than tho 28th of '!!'ebruary of the winter of distribution.

9. RESIGNATlON Any member wishing to resign from hiE: mernher:,,;hip shaH give written notice to the Honorary General Secretary or Honorary Treasurer before the first day of December in any year uf his intention to rel:lign, failing which he shall be liable for the payment of his subscription for t® ensumg year.

10. EXPULSION FROM MEMBERSHIP If it be proved at any tim.e to the satisfaction of the Council that any member has acted in any \vay contrary t,o the objects or derogfLtOl'Y to the interests of the Society, the Counc,i; shall make a report on tho matter to the next General Meeting; on a vote of not less, than twow thirds of the members present at such meeting in favour of expulsion, the member concerned shall cease to be a member of the Society and shall forfeit all clai.m upon the Society: he may subsoquently, howev81', 1)e reinstated, but only by ballot of the members present at an Annual General Meeting.

11. HONORARY GENERAL SECRETARY The Honorary General Secretary shall carry uut all orclillal'Y secretarial duties of the Society as directod by tho Council. An Honorary Assistant Secretary may he apPolinted by the Co:mcil to assist the Honorary General Secretary in such ways as they may determine.

130 ItULES

12, HONOHAl{Y 'J'!U;ASURER • rl'he Honorary Treasurer shall keep the Society's aC:COllllit:L An Honorary Assistant Treasurer may be appointed by the COLlllcil to assigt the Honorary Treasurer in such v,-ays as they may deiel'lllillo.

13, HONORARY FIELD SECIlETARY The HOIloTury Field Secretary shall organise the Society's field 'work in co~o'Peration \ .... iilt the. Field ",Vork Oommittee, which shall be appointed by the Council.

14, HONORARY EDITORS ']'he t-Ionorary Editor or Joint Editors shall edit the Society's publica~ tions. in co-ollera,tion with the Publications Committee, which shaH bf' appointed by the Council. The ulTangements for Abstracts, TIevie,Ys, and disposal of publications received shall be made by the Honorary Editor or J'oint Editors, with the advice of the Publicat.ions Oom~ mittee, report being made thereon annually to the Council at their fi:rst me1e,ting each year.

15. ll'INANCES OIl' THE SOCHYfY (a) The Society's invested funds shall be held in tho namGS of the

Chaii'man and Honorary Treasurer for the time being. '1'h8 Society's Hanking Account shall he in the name of the Society and shall be operated hy the Honorary Treasurer.

(b) The Council shaH have powe:r to adopt such financial measures as may seem to them to be expedient in the' int€l'ests of the Society,

(c) A member of the Society, to Le uVlJOinted by the Council) shall act as BonoTu.l'Y Auditor, and the annual accounts, having been audited by him, shall be approyed by the Council before presenta~ ,tion to the Annua.l General Meeting.

(d) The Officers of the Society and others to whom t·he Society is iJl~ debted may receive such HOllol'aria fol' their sel'yices as may, upon the recommendatioll of the Council, be. yoted at a General Meeting.

16, leXCHANGE DIS'f'lUllUTOlt An ]~xcha.nge Distributor shall be appointed annually by the COUJlcil to conduct the Society's Exchangn Distribution. He shall conduct the annual distribution acco'l'ding to such regUlations as may from time to time be determined by the. Council. He shall make U l'epnrt on the d.istribution to the Council, for pUblication by the, Society.

17. LOCAL SEORl~'PAlUES

1'ho Oouncil are authorised to all point JJocal Secl'€ltaries, especia.Ily to heop in touch with other membe.rs in their aroas, to encourage local activities such as mee,tings and field meeting,';, to assist with Oificial Excursions of the Socia,ty ar-ranged in their area8, to recruit new mem~ hers, to supply information concerning their areas, and to carry out such other duties as the Council may determine.

.JI,ULES 131

18. RECORDERS The Conncil shall, ·where desirable, appoint Hecorclel's for specified areas, especially to aSRist the Honorary Edito·r or Joint Editors by collecting records in their nl'eas and advising on the value of record..",· snhmitted for pUblication j and also by fOl'warding information about imp.ortant changes (actual 01' threatened) in the flora of their areas.

19. PANE], OF SPEOIALISTS The Council shall appoint a Pano.l consisting of me-mbers of ' the So-cie.ty e:l.ch of whom is prepared to deal with enquiries on specified groups of plants 01' on snb.ients connected with the objects of the So.ciety. rrhe Panel shall from time to. time, he revie,wed by the Council! and any alterations shall be notified to Members.

20. CHAIRMANSHIP At all General and Oonncil meetings the C~]air shall be taken by the President or, in hiR absence, by a Vice-President. In the abs'ence of both, tho Ohajr shall be taken hy a. member of Oouncil electod a.t the meeting.

21. ANNUAl, GENERAL MEETINGS (a) The Annual General Meeting shall be held in March or April in each

year at ::nIch time and place as the Council shall direct. (b) A quorum. shall consist of sleven members. (c) Y oting. shall be ~oncl.ncted by show of hands, hut, on the ruling of

the Chftirl1l.an, or on the demand 0.£ not fe·w"er than five memhors present, voting shall be by lm.Jlot (and see Rule 10). All electiotlS to the Oonncilnndel' Rule 3(e) shall be by ballot. All ballot pa.pers must ho tendered personally.

22. SPEOIAL GENEH,AT.J MljiillTINGS

(a) The Honorary General Secretary shall, by direction of the Council, Ol" at the written l'eqlJest of not felver thnn seven members, can a Rpecial General Meeting for the cClllside,'u.tion of any business 01'

interest to the Society. (b) A qtiorum shall consist of <;even memb~rs. (c) Voting shall he by show of hands) but on the ruling of the Chair­

man, or on the demand of five members present, yoting shftll be by ballot (and see Rnle 10). A.ll elections to the C01lllcil shall be by ballot. All ballot papers must he tendered personally.

23. MEETINGS OF THE COUNCIL (a) 'l'he Honorary Gen·oral Secretary shall be authorised to rall a meet­

ing of the Council upon the written request of the President or of not fewer than three members of the C-ouncil. Each membor shall l'ece"ive not less than seven days' notice of a proposed meeting. Tho Honorary Geneml Secretary in consultation with the President may, if necessary, call a. meeting of the CClllnGil without notice imrnerlin.i",ely after the Annual Geneml Meeting.

132 RULES

(b) A quorum at a meeting of the Council shall consist of five members. (c) The Council may 01\ch year appoint from their own body with or with~

out the addition of other members such Committees as they may determine and shall define all duties and powers of such Committees and the number of members to form a quol'um thereof, and may delegate any of their pml'ers and duties to such Oommittees. The President, Honorary General Sf.:cretary, and Honorary Treasurer., of the Society are ex officio me.mbers of an such Committees, but their attendance is optional unless tl10y hold office in the Committee.

(d) Any member of the Council or of a Committee who- fa,ils to attend three consecutive meetings shall cease to be a member thereof unless adequate reason for non~attendance is given. After- non~ attendance without adequate reason being given at tW9 successivu meetings the Secretary concerned shall inform that member that non~attendn.nce at the next meeting may lead to his removal from the Council or Commi.ttee, Decision on such removal shall be made by the CDunciL Vacancies QU the Oouncil caused in this way or by death or resignation may, when urgently necossary, be filled by the Council in advance of a General Meeting. Temporary appoint~ ments to fill vacancios on Committees may, when urgently neces~

sary beforo the next meeting of the Conncil, be made by the Officers in consultation with the Oommittee.

24, Nm'IGES OF MEETINGS AND EXCURSIONS Notice of a General Meeting, and the agenda of such meeting, shall bo scnt to ,every member by post at least fourteen days before the date of the meeting. The programrnt' of field Tneetings shall be sent to an membel's at latest on the fil'st day of ;fannary each year.

25, CASTING VOTE OF CHAIRMAN Whe:q there is an equality of votes at any Council or General Meeting, the Ohairman shall have a second, or casting, vote.

26, ALTERATION OF RULES No Rule slULll he made or alterod except at a General Meeting, and then only after twenty~eight days' notice has previously been given in writing to the Honorary General Secretary, who shall give fourteen days' notice to all members of the Society of the proposed addition or alteration to the Rules. No-t less than two-thirds of the votes of those present mnst. be in favour of change before any alteration of Rule is made.

27, PROCEEDINGS OF MEETINGS The proceedings of all General Meetings, Field Meetings and Conferences shuJl be recorded ill the Society's poriodical puhlications.

~u BlICA TIONS To be obtained from Mr J. H. Burnett, Dep'artment of Botany, The

University, Oxford. Prioes revised January 1950. Postage extra.

B.E.C. REPORTS

Tlte following are out of stock; p,rices up to 10/- each, when available:-1879, 1880, 1882, 1884-8, 1892:, 1903-4, 1906, 1909, 1910, 1912, 1914 (2), 1916, 1923 (1), 1929 (2), 1930 (4), 1938 (2). Offers of sooond'hand copies should be made to the Hon. Editor. Numbers In parentheses-( )-

indicate parts of the volumes conce-med.

VD,I. 1-1881, 5/-; 1883, 5/"; 1889, 2/6i 1890-1, 5/" each; 1893-1900, 2:/6 each.

Vol. 11-1901,2/6; 1902,5/"'; 1904, 10/'"; 1905, 7/6; 1907, 5/"; 1908, 7/6. Vol. 111-1911, 51-; 1913 (5), 7/6; 1913 (6), 3/6; 1913 (Suppl.), 5/'. Vol. IV-1914 (1), 10/-; 1915, 10/~. Vol. V-1917, 10/-; 1918, 7/6; 1919 (5), (6), 10/" each. Vol. VI-1920 (1), 10/"; 1920 (2), 5/'; 1921 (3), 10/'; 1921 (4), 5/';

1922 (6), 5/', Vol. VII-1923 (2)} 5/'; 1924 (3), 15/,; 1924 (4), 5/'; 1924 (Interim),

6d; 1925 \5), 15/'; 1925 (6), 5/" Vol. VIII-1926 (1), 10/';1926 (2), 5/';1927 (3), (a), 10/' each;

1928 (5), 101-1 1928 (6), 5/'. Vol. IX-1929 (1), 10/'; 1930 (3), 15/'; 1930 (Interim), 2h 1931 (5),

10/'; 1931 (6), 7/6. Vol. X-1932 (1), 20/'; 1932 (2), 5/'; 1933 (3), 10/'; 1933 (4), 5/';

1934 (5). 10/'; 1934 (6), 5/'. Vol. XI-1935 (1), 15/'; ,1935 (2), 5('; 1936 (3), 15/'; 1936 (4), 5/';

1937 (5), 15/,; 1937 (a), 5/" Vol. XII-1938 (1), 15/"; 1939·40 (3), _15,''"; 1939"01,0 (4), 5/"; 1941-2 (5),

IS/-; 1943-4 (6), 15/'. Vol, XIII-1905 (1), 15/'; 1945 (2), 5/'; 1946,7 (3), 15/'; 1946,7 (4),

7/R.

SPECIAL OFFER OF BACK REPORTS. To enable new members to obtain a representative selection of earlier pJ.lblications, they are offered oertain back Reports at a greatly redUced pricie. The parts available are Vol. X, pall'ts 3 and 5 (1933-4)i Vol. XI, parts 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 (1935-7); ami Vol. XII, parts 1, 3, 4, 5, 6 (1938, 1939-40, 1941-42, 1943"44), at the

! pric:e of £3 I}ost free.

SECONDHAND REPORTS. The runs listed below are Differed at less than half-price. I n some oases the covers are worn or tOlrn, or the pages annotated, but they include pa,rts which oannot be supplied separately

RUN A. RUN B. RUN C. RUN D. RUN E.

out o'f the Soc:ie,ty's s~ook.

Vols. II-XIII, 1901-1947 Vols. IV-XIII, 1914,1947 Vols. VI-XIII, 192:0-1947 Vols. VI-XIII, 192:0-1947 Vols. VII-XIII, 1923-1947

........ £16 .... £12. 105

............ £10

............ £10 .......... £9

Certain parts of Volume I and other volumes are, also available second· hand at half"prioe-details may be obtained from Mr Burnett.

•

PUBLICATIONS (oontinued)

WATSONIA

Vol. I (1949~50), parts 1a G, 7/6 eaoh. Members purohasing Reports and Watsonla for the~r own use are entitled to a reduotion of 25%. This concession cannot be allowed on

more than one oopy or volume.

YEAR BOOK

19.(J.9, 7/6; 1950, 1/6j 1951, 7/6.

BRiTISH FLOWERING PLANTS AND MODERN SYSTEMATIC METHODS. Ed. A. J. Wllmo·tt, 1945, 10/-.

THE STUDY OF THE DISTRIBUTION OF BRITISH PLANTS. Ed. J. E. Lous!ey, 1951, 10/-.

BRITISH PLANT LIST, Ed. 2. Druce (1928). Bound and interleaved, 25/-.

THE COMITAL HO RA OF THE BRITISH ISLES. Oruo. (1932). Bound, 25/"; bound and in\erleaved, 30/-j unbound, 17/6.

THE FLORA OF NORTHAMPTONS~IIRE. Druoe (1930). Members are given the opportunity of pur'ohasing thlis boo,k at half-price, i.e., 10/-,

The prior. to non-members remains at 20/",

"HE FLORA OF WES1' ROSS.. Cruce (1929). 7/S.

REf"RINTS fROM B.E.C. REf"ORTS AND WATSONIA

HISTORICAL Annals of the B. E.C_ Foggltt (1932) ... . .. Samuel Brewer's Diar'y (N. Wales). Hyde (1930) Du Bois Herb.! Br'itish Plants in. Druoe (1927) .,. Herbar'ia. Druce (1922) ... ... ... ".. . .. John Blackstone, Apothecary and Botanist (1712~53). Kent

(1949) ... ... H._ W. Pugsley Obituary and List of Works. Wilmott &

Campbell (1949)

NOMENCLATURE Duplicated Binomials. Druoe (1924) Nomenclature and Correc,t,ions to British Plant List. WilmoU.

II (1941-2) V (1946-7) V I (1949) Warburg. VII (1950)

Nomenclature of the British Species of Galinsoga. Lousley (1950)

TOPOGRAPHICAL Vioe~oounties. Wilmott (1941~42) .. , ... Notes on Flora of ScWy Isles & Lizard. Raven (1950) Attaptation in Br'aunton Burrows. Wright (1Q32) ". ". A List of Plants from the Isle of Wight. Drabble &. Long (1931)

-----Flora of Surrey (Notes o-n). Druce (1931) ...

s. 2 1 1 1

2

1 2 1 1

1 0 2 1 .1

d. 0 6 0 0

0

6

0

0 0 0 0

0

0 6 6 6 6

REPRINTS FOR SALE (continued)

Additions and Corree'tions to the Cornital Flora for Middlesex. Kont (1949) 2 0

Notes on the, Flo,ra of Kensington Gardens & Hyde Park. Kent (1950) 1 6

Berks. and Oxon. Brenan (1943-4) . . ... 1 6 Neighbourhood of Oxford. Brenan (1946-41) 1 6 Emendations to C. F. for Beds. Dony (1943-4) 1 6 Contribution to the Flora of Huntingdonshire. Dony (1'950) 2: 0 Staffs" addition to C, F. Edees (1941-2.) .. 1 0 No-tes on the Flora of Buxton and district. Hall (1939-40) 2: 0 Island of Mull. Wilmolt (1939-.0) ... ... ...... 1 0 W. Sutherland (Lochinv.r). Wilmott and Campbell (1943-4) ... 1 0 Three Weeks' Bo,tanising in Outer Hebrides. Campbell (1936) 2: 0 Additions to Flora Zetlandica., Druce (1924) 2: 0 Notes on the Vega'taUon of Zetiand. Price (1928) 1 0 Flar'a 'D,f Foula. Turrill (1928) ... .., 1 (1 Distribution OIf Pansies in Engl. and Wales. Drabble (1926) 1 6 Pansy Reoo,rds. Drabble (1928) ... ... 0 6 Additional Pansy Records. Drabble (1930).. ... 0 6 Habitats & Distribution of Gentiana uliginosa. Lousley (1950) 1 0 Botar.islng in Norway. Druce (1922) 1 0 Norway and Sweden. DruDe (1925) ... 1 0 Le Lautel'et. DruDe (1926)... ... 0 6 A Visit to the Canaries. DruDe (1927) 0 6 Plants of the Cyprus Flora. Druc'e (1930) 1 0 Egypt and Palestine, Drucc (1925) ... 1 0

ALIENS

Adventive Flora of the Port O'f Cardiff and additions. Wade & • Smith (1925 and 1926), eaoh .. , ...... 1 0

Advent'ive Flora of tha Por't of Br'isto,l. Sandwith, (1932) 2 6 Adventive Flora of Burton~on~Tr'ent. Curtis (1930) 1 6 Adventive Flora cf Burton~on~Trent. Gurges (1943~4) 1 0 Southampton Docks. Brenan (1945) 1 0

SYSTEMATIC

Extinot and Dubious Plants of Br'itain. DruDe (1919) ... 3 6 Notes on British Batranhia. Pearsall (1921) 2: 0 Identification and Distribution of the British Watercress Species.

How .. d & Lyon (1950)... ......... 1 6 New Species of Er'ophila in Britain: E. conferta. Wilmott (1949) 0 6 Viola odonta. Waiters (1943-4) .. , .. , 1 0 Floral Variatio,n in Stellarla Holostea L. Brenan &; Lousley

(1943-4) ...... 1 0 British Brambles. Trowe,r (1928) ......... 3 6 Weihean Speoies of Rubus In Britain. Watson (1949) ... 2: 0 Rubus Watsonii sp. novo Mills (1949) 1 0 Rubus oorylifolius var. purpureus Bab. watson '(1950) 1 0 Alchemilla vulgaris L. agg. in Britain. Waiters (1949) 2 6 Aphanes miorocarpa (80'iss. et Reut.) Rothm. in Britain.

Waiters (1949) ... ... ... ... ... ... 2 0 Australian Myriophyllum verrucosum Llndley In Britain.

Brenan & Chappl. (1909)... ... ... 1 6 Artemisia Verlotorum Lamotte and its Occurrenoe in BrItain.

Brenan (1950) 2 6 x Senccio londincnsis. Lousley (1943~4) 1 0 Centaurea pratensis Thuill. Britton (1,92.6) 0 6 Lapsana intermedia in Britain. Burtt (1950) 1 0 Cuscuta europaea var. nefrens. Verdcourt (1945) 0 6

REPRINTS FOil SALE (continued)

Correct Name fOf' Veronica aquatica Sernll. Burnett (1950) Another British Rhinanthus with Pubescent Calyx. WilmaU

(1949) ... ... Menthae Br'iquetianae. Fraser (1924) Menthae Britannlcae. Fraser (1926) Notes on Mentha. Fraser (1930) .. , , .. Mint Notes. Graham, I (1949), 11 (1950), each Rumex 11. LOllsloy (1941-2) .. ... ... ... ... Lines o,f Evolution and Geographical Distribution in Rumex

Subgen. La'pathum. Reohinger (1949) Flcus Carica L. Lousley (1946"7) ... Key to the British Spocies of Salix. Rechinger (1949) ... Observations on some Scot.tish Willows. Reohinger (1950) Studies In the British Epipactis, I and 11. Young (1949) The Kenfig Epipaotis. Thomas (1950) H. • ••

Orohis m8culata and O. Fuohsii. Druce (1923) ... .. Orchis iatifolia. Vermeulen; Pugsl~Y! Wilmott (1945) .. , ,., Orohis cruenta MUIi in the British Islands. Heslop~Harrison

(1~ ... ... ... ... . .. Distrib.uUon and Eoo'logy of Soheuchzeria palustris L. Sledge

(1~ ... ... ... ... ... ... ... . .. Carex flava and C. muricata. Nelmes (1945). .. . Ano·ther Hybrid Ca.rex from Ireland. Nelmes (1949) Milium scabrum Merlet. Tutin (1950) Avena strigosa. Marquand (1921) ... British Fesoues. Howarth (1946-47) Note on Species Pa.irs in the Gramineae. Tutin (1950) Equisetum ramosissimum as a British Plant. Alston (1949) , ..

MISCELLANEOUS Evolution and Classification of Flowering Plants. Parkin (1926)

0

1 0 2 8 2 0 1 0 1 0 2 0

1 6 1 6 2 6 1 6 2 0 2 0 2 0 1 6

2 0

2 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 2 0 1 0 1 6

0 6