B.S.B.I. NEWS EdJud by EDGAR D. WJCCINS Cowputurt Farm, Fdixst.,..,,Surrolk !PI I 9RD

&zl>lts rtflt:JUJ (seep. 17)

Scp~embor 1982 No. 31

G.t.t. Euy c 1971

ADMINISTRATION HON. GEN. SEC. (GtMn! Enqu!ties) Mn M. llriaf, Wbltt <Aital'

Slinfold, OOltSRA.~ . Wat s-x RBJJ l RG.

HON. T1U!ASUR£R, (Paymcol ofSubxriptioOJ and dunF ofeddrcss). Mr M.. Walpolt, 68 Outwoo<b Ro.d,

LOIJGilBOROUGit, Lclcl. LEII 3LY.

(l'teuc quote nWintbcnhlp number on correspandence concemlna membenhlp or subscriprions).

HON. FIELD SEC. (lolornmllon on lb"' f~nll. Field Meellogs ere.)

M.lu L. Farnll, N.C.C. P.O. Box 6, Godwln HoUJe, o..,..., Sitter,

HUNTINODON P£18 6BU.

PAYMENT OF SUBSCRIPTIONS BY VARIABLE A.>,tOUm' DIR.ECT DEBITS Thlo ..,tke Is addn.uod to lll m<mb<n wllo pay .,llfcriptlono by dlm:t ckblt, In aoootda­

wlth the ...Ublo amoont dh<td.blt......totoJ"OIIbn-eolpodau~pl)'lll..,l'liJllllft:nmbcr· lltlp .. boalptlon. I P.• _..,.on 1><11111 a( tbc Society that the followlft,r nw ....,.opp......S et il>oA-G-.IM~I>oldoniSthM>y 1.912.

Ordlll017 """"ba' - lJO; Sulooaibu - - lJO: Jwllor _,. - lA;Soalo< mombon ­[6.$0;Fo.mlly ...... t.> - U { oo dillll<l•

T1le llt:W 111d u• ttr-.dt'e f.,. a. laOcloba ot~:li.IIIIS 1\Wrbuka~•tl beddllted 04 or about till 16111 JJouU)' IJiJ Ill-wish tho-- rot<f, 11, WALIOU:,IIon. TrCUtra (oddr-aboYe),

COUNCI.lW.E)(IIIUI$198.1 - 1.983

Pro(, J.l'.\1. Brcoan (Prui4mtl; Mr DJI. Kent, Mr P.C. Hill, ;llr R.W, 0a¥td,Dt S.M. W&ltOlS. (VIco­Pr«aid<nttl; Mu M. Ptfut, (lion. Cen. See.); Mr M. W&lpole, (lion. TreJoum); Dr 5./11, Eden, Dr N.K.O. Rob10o, Or C.A. Slaoe, Or 0.1.. WIJoton, (Hon. Edltou W•raon.b), Wbt J. ~lulln (Hon. M«rinp Soc:.l! Mln L. FarrcU (lion, Field Soc.); Elccrod Counotl In ordOlofocnlorlry, RulolO: Mr R.J. Prrnktru"'· Or S .. l.. Jury,OrG.IWUrlly.Orii .A.McAWrrcr,Mt A.O.Charer,DrAJ, Rl<hudt. Dr R.M. lllzJoy, Mn A. Leo aod Mr R.T. !ob bey, DrJU.Adanu, Mr A.l.. CrenfeU. Or FJI. Petrl"'. RpctUCAtlllr'ltl on Coundl0 Rule I I : Mr T J' .G. CUrtlt(lr<1.ondl: Mrlol. Porter fW&Ioll; Wn O..ll.sr .. ., IS.Otlcnd),

RepT,..,Jna Narru• Co.......,ey Coundl: Dr R.A.H. Smith.

HONOIU.RY ASSlST .U.T 5£CltEJ'AIUES .VIII•rlrrt: !tin U.M.S. Prmnn 11/ltorlno. Mr DL A !loa Ardti'tlst: Mr E.c. '"'tllooo bA/blt ... A.-1~ Mlat~Cirotlo7,M1 l..ll. !tlutlln.

2

BSBINEWS J2 <Antributloru lntmd<d foe puh&ation in this ioJue nuut rach the Edlroo

BEFORE I3nl OCTOBER. 1982.

HON. GEN. SECRETARY'S NOTES ANNUAL EXtUJliTION MEETING - Sotutday. November 27th 1982

The Annual Exhibition is the l•'l!esl gathering of members regul~~t ly in the BSBl Calcnd~r ond lince 1950 we hove held this meeting at the British Mu~eum (Natuml History), In recent yeors In the De pi of Bocony Genemllferbarlum with kind permission of the Keeper of Botany. We very much appredace the opp<Jrtunhy to hold this function at the MU!eum which is ako a cenlle for much of !he British botany relevant to the Society's activities.

During this year the Geneml Herbarium has undergone some major suuctuml alter· otlons and it may be that the rcpolitioning of the cabinets could rnean that the depart· ment Is now mlher less suitable for the meeting. However, after dlscunion and Sludying the plans the Meeting.> Committee and OfOcers have decided to hold the Exhibition in Ute Geneml Herb3rlum this year, hoping tb.at the affilllgemenu can, wltlo some adapt· alions, still be salisfoctory ond enjoyable for members. The moin change Is that taUer cabinets now stand down the lenl!lh of the Dept, wl~l central bench space for exhibits, l .. ving only a nanow space on both sides of the benches for those viewing the exhibits. There Is a wider aisle along the out&Jde of the Cllbineu and we shaD be requesting those ailending to view the exhiblu along a one way route. Also we suggest that conversotloOJ tiOI relotlng to the exhlblls thould be held In the out<r a it/et to ovoid cooi!J"Hon or the inner aisle1and mainuain circuhnion .

Exhibitors too may find that thcre Is less spoco this year wlth even less vertical display surface available, Through the years the Society grows and the available sp= In. the Oept .slu:lnks. We do not wish to set a fixed Umlt for exhibit slz.e, u different subjrcts obViously vary aroatly In spacr requlromonu. Mlchael Mullln ym each •chleve~ a task wonhy of mcmbenhlp of the magk circle, in fining all the varied cxhlblls Into the usoned spaces av.Uoblc. Uowever, ibis year we do panicullltly ask exhibitors not to request m or< sp1ce than actually required to make the point of their exhibit and to be prepared to reduce the me of them If ibis ls found to be necessary (quality rather Utan quantity?) - often the exhibits of moSt value have been of a Jingle plant of speelal Interest, or of seveml &heels demonstrating a feature or partlculllt significance?)

AJ the number of exhibits fluctuates from year to year, so too the number of slides offered varies greatly. it would be helpful to the selectors if e note on the subject of the sUdcs could be added to the title - an <Xtra Unc for tbls has been pro'lided on the 1982 fonn~ (Jut year 3 offers were entitled oniy ''Orchids").

FinaUy our sincere thlltOCJ lo the 1981 .Exhibitors for the eJCeellenr response to our requut last year In BSBI N~s 28 for •pplic•tlon forms to be sent In l!tiTI)'. You will see that the closing date iot exhibition space this year is OJ!llin OCTOBER 31d.

Exhibit of Vascula At the Exhibition Meeting this year David Allen, BSBIIfutori•n, will exhibit some

early records of the we of the vasculum for botanical Geld work. We plan also to display some of tbe notable vaJCUla donated by members to the BSBI Vuculum Pool. U you also own ono of spedallnterest and would like to bring 1t to the meeMg, we !.hall be pleased to include ltln the exhibit.

Mary Brlgp

3

LICHENS IN CBURCRY ARDS Ono aim or th< current BSBI Network Re5eatth Survey or 0\urchyards and BurUI

Grounds Is to demonstrate lhe value of lhese bablmts for .native flowering planu, bryophytes and lichens. We hope to discourage genealogjm and churchyard-tidier& from scmplngaU mosses and lichens off tombatones and churchyard waUs.lt is lherefore encoumglng to learn that the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food has Issued an advisory leaflet (No. 753) Lkhw 011 {ann roofs (Jingle copies obtainobbo free from: MAI'F (Publications), Alnwlck. NE66 2Pf). which advocates the natural. colonisation by, and growth of, lichens oa new farm bulldlng Is recommended; to a5Sisl wtth.lhe Integration of lhe buildings Into the landscape .

B.ORS£5 AS CONSE'RV A TION.ISTS 7 For some plants grulng horses provide the idul habitat; e.g. Tony Hase working on

Pulfcarla vulgrnfs told us that the bare trodden soU gives the necessary open ground.and a hoof·print Is Ideal for the germlnJting seedlings. At mllllY of tbe sites where doereue of this plant has beon dmnmtlc in recen.t years there arc no longe.r grazing ardmals; on one Surrey common. when ltorses were l'!instat<d the "extinct" Pul/carill reappeared. Conversely the few plants or GMiJta pl/osa re-found In the 1970's In Ashdown Forest, Suuex were destroyed by b.orses when a pony-jump wu set up on the site. 'Thb plant Is 1ppuentiy near extlncUon in Sussex. possibly due to repeated fires as it apparently does nor regenerate oficr burning.

Contrary effocu of Clltle trampling have been reported. In Ireland Spl!rvrthu rom~~n· :o{{illna ha.s been threatened by grazing cattle In summu. In Scotl1111d the late John Raven noted lhar this orchid was frequently growing where the winter stack had been !lied anlllhe feeding !;l!t!l• ha4 there well-trampled this rectansulu patch of the field during •he previous wlnrtr- bighligb.tlng some of tho problcnu of conseMtlnn and the Importance of the habitat, with so many w.ya in which lncllvidual speclos are affected by a cha.nging habitat.

Mary BriBP

CONGRATUI.ATIONS to our members who have been elected Fellows of the Royal Socboty:

Prof..ar T.G. Tutin {l..olcesier) ,;Distingulsbcd for his work is a plant taxonamln, especially In his outstanding contn'bution to the production of Flora .Europaea~ and ProfesMlr A.D. Bradlhaw (Uvcrpool) "Distinguished for his work on the population ecology of pl•nu md it• appUcatlon In the rcvcgetaUon of dereUct and Industrially contaminated land".

CONGRATULATIONS also to B.S. Brookes, awatded the MBE In the Queen's Birthday Hon •urs. Bdan is Warden of Klndrogsn Fleld Centre a.nd put Olairman of the BSBI Conunlttoc for Scotland.

·r .Uopieoe. Professor G.ll. Troate writing on Poracclrus (1493·1541) In tbe British JoutnJJI of

Phamractutkal Practice, 1980 nores that ParaeeisUJ quliTeUed with a p.rinter over a book which wa.s published without proof-reading. lfothlng new •••••••• 1

4

PLANTING DlSEASE·RESISTAfiiT ELMS

The B.S.B.I. has r<celved a number of en'@lriu about planting elm taxa reported to be rC1istant to Dutch E!lm Disease, In pardcu!Ju !.he eultlvar known as "Sapporo Autumn Gold". I offer !.his note u some guld.tn~ on such plantlngs In rupect of !.he taxonomic and conservation int.erests ofB.S.B.J. mc.mben.

The empalhy for elms in !.he B.ritiJh llllldJcapebas stimulated • desire for • programme of planting diseue·resistantelrru. I Llrink it Is lmporun t to distinguiJh between:

(a) the formal ll.ndsclpe (elrru In plantations, uborcta, pu.ks, urban Jlreets and gardoru);

(b) lite sernJ.fotmllllandJeape (maJnly elms In hedgerow>); (c) the sernl·natwal landJcape (managed and unmanaged elm woodlands). Also, with regard to !.he introduction of disease·resiscant elms one should consider; (i) integration into thelandl<:llpe -how much does the introduced cultiVBI resemble

na.tlve elms (both In superficial appe1111111cc and taxonornlcally)? {11) Integration Into the narlve eeology - what is the response of our native Oora

and founa to the Introduction? (lJJ) wlut is the rcgonerativc capacity of the introduction, either from S<:ed (problem·

otlcal in elms) or by suclccring (common in elms, and which means that we are normally dealing with clones)?

(lv) is dlseaS<:·resiscance lllctly to be a short·~rm phenomenon In the eul!lvar? Note that (a) - (c) should be consldared with (I) - (iv). For eumple, Introduced

disease-resistant eul!lvars superficially resembling native elms (polnt {I) but not sup· parting a native Oora and fauna (point (iii) would be welcome in the formallandJcape (point (a)) but quite unacceptable In (b) and (c).

h h Important to appndate thll then: 1111 •·agrusfn," tnd "non-aqnsstn" rtralns of the Dutcll Elm ~tho,en; CmrocYJtfJ uJmJ and it 11 therefore nea.uuy to considCJ runpl nrlabiUIY In the brcedln1 or n:sfiWII clniJ. 11 IJ, or couno, the IIIR- slnlln thJI hu lod to the clrtHIIJaJtct ln t.hJs country (anti ebcwhc:cc). The ~election and btcodfn& or tlml ror rclistanr:c to Dutch Elm Oltc:uc wu started in HoUand in the. 5 930's and JJnco then the Outth hne conlfnued to be the m~.r dm-brecdcu In Europe. Thil bteedin& wat orfllnally aplntl the non .. urou!Yo ttrllnJ, that c:autcd tccmomJ~ but nol t4tlld.1f1n[c IOJKS of elm wood and Umber (rather dun a whokale: lou of tree. oo the land.Japc). Rccc.nt bu:cd.ing p.ropll!Jlmet in Europe and elsewhere have bee-n dlriCIC-tod towanh rulstance to the ••agrcutve" C. ulmJ problem.

Sapporo Autumn Gold 11 a hybrld between UlmuJ pumllo (the SiberWI elm) and U. j11ponlca (the Japanese elm). U.faponlca is closely related to the European smooth· leaYed elm (U. carpini/olia, formerly common in England as a woodland and hedgerow tree), but U. pumlla h1s no hnmedlate relative In Europe. Thls hybrid was But produced In tbe United States In order to nnd a disease·resis~>nl replacement for the American elm, U. americJina ; !.his b a very attractive tree In Amerlcan towns and cities, but very notkeably dlff...,t from elms noli"' to England (In leaf .form. c.rown-thape and trunk habit). Indeed , Siberian and JaponcJt elms were used quite deUberately u 1 souroe of aggressive disease-resistance In the American breeding progrunme>, to produce very carefully selected cultiV11ts wblch are simllar in growth and shape to the e-xisting American elm. Thus "Sapporo Autumn Gold" wu (for good reasons) bred on<lselecled to resemble ao elm native to the forrrud landscape of a quite diatant and different geographical area to that of the BdtiJh Wu.

5

In conclusion I would lfl!UC apimt widcsprerul pl:tnt ing or cultivars such as .. Sapporo Autumn Cold" os:-

( I) the gcogmphlcaJ orisln and t:~.xormmft s.tatw b not close to our nathe elms; {2) they aJe. phenotypiOllly .tnd phyl.lo&nomleally diJfarnl from our native clnu .. I ptedlcl

dot mon dm40\'cn would be dltiappolnttd wlth lhdr appomnce in our xm.Hormll.l and k'mJ·rutunall.ll!ubc:apc;

(3) fn the scmf..fonnal.and JCmi··o;aCullllland~apC h b very Jmvortant to c-onsider thcu:-sponx or out native-nora 1nd f1una to lmrodu«d spedu. To ·my knowled&e we have no ln¥e:$tl• ptJonJ for evide:n« of such response In rup«l of varloUJ rccommc.nded cbn-aaltlv•s.

(4) we hl\'c no etidcncc or the rqenentlvc capKHy of lnuoduted elm culttnu ln lhc Jand­ocapc; • &oocl r<stn<lltO,e capadty could b< bcndklalln llflculluraUy lllnttlonal hodsm>WJ, but diuJIIOUiln hedJUOWI Of COftleiVIIlon VllUt1 1nd limJI.atJy for ••oodllnd.l.

I should, however. finally Uke to be positive. I think lhll in our formal land~a~pc. (well away from any ruml or urban conservation woodlonds), planting of dlse85e· resistant <1111$ may be welcomed. Fortunately cxpcrlmental evidence SU118cats lhal roslslancc to "aggtcsslve" and "non•aggtcssive" &lnllns or c. ulml Is 'horiwntal',• and therefore Ukcly to be loug-lerm. However, considering !he dlfficully of ntaru~j!lng suckering. I UIJ!e onyone 10 consider carefully w/Jere they plant any individual elm specimen. The EnglWunan'• castle Is fnught wilh ill<ltoscn tree plantinp!

DR. D.L WICSTON, Woodlands Rcsurch Croup, The Polytechnic, PLYMOUTH, PIA 8AA.

• "'hor:ix-onlal rubbn~ is undc: the: cOntrol ot many pes and hence lep; susaptibJo t.o ch.an.gc by slnale mumtJnns, whercu "'Vc11k:al .. ml.s:tance h controtlcd by t dnalc 1mc and thus hl&hJy •u~tc:ptlble IO Chanp.

~eeabo: Tht Arborlatlrulfll Joul'1a21 Vo.L J, no .... 1..981 rcaturln& mldet on "'Uopa rot the Elm" .. Forurr1 Olmmlsrion RueiiTch lnforrrwfkm Nott J7/78/PIJHS on "B,..diOJ Elms res!s~>nl ro Dutw Elm ou.--. Ch:aprcr 16 '7he: Ebnw.·oocb", from An.ci~nt k'OC)ti/1JI.nd, by Oliver Rackh.am, Amokt. 1980.

REQUESTS WANTED - .....U of AMBROSIA IPP·

Seeds required or Ambrodiz sped os (Composlw) for research purposes at ~w. Ambrosia Is a New World genus 1ha1 occurs as an aUcn In !he United Kingdom and elsewhere. Certaln species have moUusdddal properties ihat could be UJed ror the control of sc:hlstosomiasls and other dlseues for whi.cb the 51Ul!1is a vccto.r.

OR C.E. WICKENS, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew RICHMOND, Suney TW9 3AB.

LATRYRUS PAWSTRJS L I am currently working on lh!J taxon and should be pllrllculady Interested 10 hear 1r

anyone bu ever, and pos!livt!ly Identified , a scedUng plant of this spccleJ In the field. Please send any Jnfoonatlon (postage wUJ be refunded) to: T. CUFFORD, N.C.C .. Sandbanks, Sea View, Sallflcotby St. Clemtnts, L0111'H, lines.

6

PROFILE Professor J.P .M. Brtoan In our President, the Society con be proud of an ou!Jtandlng botanist with a nerllng

reputation both In lbiilrln ond througllour the world. With lll1 ability to c<Jmprehend the wide view while grasping I he slgnlficonoe of snuJI c:Jurnctel"S he lw made notable cantribulions to the study of large, dlver>e, wide-rlll1ging g<tncro like At:Dt:la .in the tropics and nt the same time difficult groups like chenopods and 411tlnllltlu in Brilllin. His greatest work !tu been in the study of three-porticular fomilies, the Legumi11osac. CJtenopodiDc<ae and Comme/inucme, but in contrnst. ond as a hobby. h e hulllso mode worthwhile contributions to bryology.

Pot Drenan"s love of plants goes back to childhood, and while stJJJ a teenager he joined the Botanical Exchange Oub, os our Society wu then called, when he deYCioped a keen and critical intere&t in the fiom of the Brltisb Isles. He gradUAted from Oxford in 1940 IU!d joined the staff of the Imperial Forestry Institute at llm same Unlvenlty, ond there began the study of African pl:mli. In 1948 be moved to Kew 10 work on the newly s!llned ""Flora of Tropical Eut Africa"" under a previa~ President of our Society. Edgar Mllne-Redhead. Wben ~M-R"" became Deputy Keeper of the Kew !Urbarlum In 1959. Pot took charge of the Tropical AfriCIUI S..ction and then in 1965. with the retire­ment or Or C.E. Hubbord, he succeeded to the Keepership of the Herbarium and Ubrory and the Deputy Oireetor.sh.ip of the Oordens. In I 976 he reached the peak of his career wluon he took on the even g~eater responsibilities of Director. a position he fllled with dislinction until he retired in October t ... t. Throughout his career Pot Brenon ha$ never ccosed. whenever the opportunity could be grasped, to study living plants ""in the fleld". tlnlldoy>. ofi<n under canvas.Jn BrllJlin and In Europe, together with expeditions and official vWli 10 many countrlcsabroad have enabled him to undentand and know a wider range of plonts tlll.n mosL of his contcmporules .. His many published worl<s arc therefore chmcteriud by u penetrutlng approisal of the piantJ he inciudes, on origin Ill •nd sound account of their taxonomy, and careful pm.clical and informative ke)'l ond des.:ripriont.

M. many me m ben of rhe Society will attest. 1'81 Drenan IS a kind end friendly man ­couneous to a fault. M Is "' often the case with large men, gentleness is one of hiJ characteristics. a gentleness whleh often eonceais a llldden bur flnn and determined resolution. However, as an .... nU.Uy private person he often keeps his opinion a.nd lhouglUs to lll.rnulf, and ruely reveals his feelings outside his family ond close associlites. Ele Is • devoted fomily man and although Ius two daugllten and one son arc now grown up it i.s worth recalling thlll in 1952 he accomplished a rue trick. in generating two farnllles In the same year - his eldest dougllter wu born and he described the West African family MedusandlflCtJJt !

He nu received mony honout'l. In 1977 he wu made Visiting Professor to the Univcnity of Reading, in. 1978 an Honoruy Member of the Socledodc Broterlana and was awarded the Victorbm Medal of Honour by the Roylll tlorticultural Sodcty. In 1979 he received one of the WUldenow Medals struck by r:he Berlin Bot1n.ic Garden to mark iu tercontenary. In FebrWLty of this y<u, during the meetings of that assoe­iation of African taxonomiJU known as A.E.T.F.A.T. (no referen~ to lu conference dinnen butiUI ae10nym of L"Assoclalion pour I'EtUde Taxonomique de la A ore d' Afdque Tropical) 1n Pretod.a be was one of three honoured by lhe award of a medal by the South African AJsociation of .BotAllisu.

The Society is honoured by ill distinguished Prosidonl and we wish him many years of enjoyable Investigation and research In lt& retirement, free from the cares

or admlnJstration.

P.S.G.

7

CONSERVATION THE BSBI'S I'OUCY TOWARDS PLANT CONSERVATION TOOA Y

R«oplsln& the cll.aJ1&U llw haYe occurred .In the fi<lll of co.ns<mt.lon lin~ the urly 1950'1, when the Consemtlon Ccmmittee was r~r~uct up by Coundl,and ptOmp~ by 1 dJxuajon paptr "The Role of the BSBI in l'lmt Co~UaTalloo today" aubml"e<l to 11 by Mr Jenny, the BSBI CollKtV1t.lon Commit ~lit JC.t up a sub-«mm!!llnu In Ja11uary 1981 to consldot anew tu own tmns of rderence aod !he wider role of the Soclcl)lin plant contotntlon. The followlns reeommeaclatlons arile from tho dbcuctlono that followed lhe preic.nlt.tlo.n of th1t sub-c:ammlttee's report to the full Contw~mtlon Commlllec 1nd tu aub&Cquent submission to Council, whJth approved thiJ poUc:y statement on I Srh May 1982.

1t i1recommended thlt:

I. the terms of reference of the Committee shlil be re..Cflmtod, vlt. "To c.kc any 1etlon wbleh may be dcsl11ble to eont<~ the British no11,eltheralonoorln ooUobor· otion with the Nature Conservancy Council or other bcxlle1".

2. the Society and Its Conttmtlon Commlllee lhlil continue to bt con.,.mr:d with the followlnaartu oflnwtst or lnvolvcmmt~

8

a) Th• prot.ctlo.D ol1lt .. of mojor botonlc:ll importaoce n.. Sodtty b ca mr••• lo)a4p tbcTIID;eof a Jil.c roe COCDU"ntloa _, iftrcptd eo hl

bocsMal ._ ... ,.,. 1t b .,_.- tolllc .,.,..,.,...... or .u tltuot bo.llolalla- ...t wbba to ...... _ h> _.lien ro be o<llv< • • tbcb bollllf, ~-or lmiwcl 1.-rou , 11 ""'" _ ...... 1u -.lkm dl'on• ,_, t1oo P" t....., or dkt ot au1ot bo.llolal ~rnporra-. Ill ntm1llcn, u 11rintc u.tmclmll, - ..-....,s to •• tltdr bounlall OJIII!lti Ulllljlplllttlle doh-or oiiiiF 11ta wM:liti!QI tGIDiillt 14 be-~,.

Siln er "m '~~or bot..,klllmpottta<e" WJI be dccmal tO lndurlt: b oltn l ao41n tlw 'H.otvrt eo ........ tlon """""~ 11) .qopn>ptiat• dtcs or ,podot tdcntllk ··- - .. Mlllllo4 to ....,. owncn by rho Noturt Co.....-onqo Coomcil. ond lita propoood by tbo liCC I or aotlllcatlon u SSSI' o: onll Wl ..... contalnl .. wra llatorl la rho 'Brll.bh Red Data lloolc Va ... lu Pwm'. F<>< tlr .. other than lhtM 10 be rltrcn4od by tbc Conaem.tlon Commhlet, lttiol on bohllf or the Society, 1t will be _,. ror 1t to room• com1Jtc1aa ""ldcnoc or IIMW nuJ<w bor.nk:al Jm. portarK!t - owtna to fhc pn:tcnco cit.hcr or unUJUIU)' rich or lmponanr plant communltk:• 01 ot nationally rtre piUit l.u.L b) The promollon of plant protoctlon l.pbtlon and tu e11forc:tment

0 Tho OSBI tllovld continue to '"'' odvfce on, ud 10 promote, plant protection I'IIJ.. l:trlon, •nil 10 help pnp•• UtetJtu~ promotJn& JOKh tcwbl:ttlon (th""Jh 11 n«<t• tc be_. nbcd rhot ruodq the publkarion or 1t10h Uraoluro it Uk<ly to be b<yond thrr SocfotY'l m .. nl),

11) U$81 mcmlwn >hwl4 be .__,... to amtlnuo to ropaot aoy In-bet o( lllr tcaUJ&rlon 10 the S«rttary or lb. Coftt«'tttlon O.,mniu:cc. but tbc SodttY .tlould tndtiYOUr to u.dn tbo ollldal ...riNd,. IC"ode• la btlaPoa pnucauiam rllbu thu aumpt "' ialll:tla p,_ cutlotu IUCIC. e) The ,..,tectlon of rart can

0 11$81 -brn C:U plq l 'U'f .,_... IOic la _.......,. lhrr _..__Q ...S tDI'UJ

ot rue. tu.a: UM "'fiecda. of -..cb Wom:-attgn il prim;uiy tiM rtiF t•IUtr of Uw Rccoctb Coauttk- A cootlowal m ir1craJ1o1 lioboa ~ Vbeoom17 R-.. loal lt&hlro Co- Cou- llalf I" A- 1\qloD&I O!Tlcrn,. anll looll Tnul !01 ,..,.,. C.,,.. ocrntlrM o!Tlcrn "'""Id be ...,.]y pd.. ID The IS!! I tltoold contlau• ro par1ldpatc ID t<hcmn ""' !If Botanlt Cu<lcru cu othln to ov.!o>uln ,._ oaocbot r.ti'O w:a lo .. trlnlloa, clsbcr u bioi plllll1• Of le-~ i!DThrr eo ....... arJo. Commkt<e tb ... ld (lJOYijSc. romm ror tile -tloa., propoalt ror tbc ..... rodtlfta Ot r..U.trod~lon o( tluut.....S on: pl&ftQ, onol ~Id tiiCt to CO-lt whlltM Nature Con.tavucy Coundlud lhe Royal Sodrty for Pillu.ze Coa..mtloc aboul u y sutb propo-.!Jwhlch 11 <ftdot1<L

d) Uobcm whb ocbct aadoall bodies md sprdo'kl Societies Involved whh upecu or British plant conJLmtlofl 0 ,.. 8$81 - -- to - aad roow lbboa with ol.lwt ~ Soclctltt;

tbauld -llou• eo lnYka IIIo 8dtlllt Rr)docfaol Society, 8dtlllt Eo:ol a~o! Sodoty, Bdtlllt l.ldseA SoclooJ, Bolllob I'IIJDOI at •I Soclcly. 8tklsh ~ SoclcQ' u4 Royol llotU. a~ltltml Soclcly eo Mal obtcr\'u mombcn tolhcG-...tlool Comolln•:•..S lllould OOftllnoa, o.r Md:: to p V., ,_.,.... .tncad.a~~ee .u thcb Cotrm"'''.11oa Commlnca •buc .. n ' tt•ncat (8dlb1181Y<'i>a~~ Sodcllol). U) ibo 8$81 lilouJ4 oondnao IO fotrtJ ftbtioM wi1h lhe Wlldllfr L1nJo: CGmmill .. , ID whlth lllo llono11ry C<11ml s-mrr and ihe ClWmun or lhe Con>cnadon O>mmlnu ohaU be tha BSDI ~q>-niiiMoL Ul) The BSnt l.hould continue 10 be rrpramtod on the: Conserndon Llabon Comm!neo of th.r RoyaiSoclolf (or dto O>n•n•tlooor Natu~ The Ctru:taiS.....ruyo!tlt< R$N!;ot hllftllltMn· lltlve lhall be tnvked 10 be an oblln'tr on tbo BSBI ConantJon CommJneo. IY) On jolnlna the O>.......UOn Ud.oon Commlnoe, the DSBJ tet&lned theolahtlo lWM dlnclly wllh lbo NatuJO ConMrYtnt')' Councll; il b recommcncled thl\ on mattt n or polk y lho Con~ .IU'I'l.lJon Committee lbouJd "fOdt t.h.rOtJ&b BS.B.I Coundl to t.he Natu.re Coruen'lncy Coundl ICptc.anlatfre. ¥) At Uated above, do• li.thon between lflco.Coutuy Reeordm utd ARo·. 11 a touJ level -«lthu dlncdy o• In collabo·ntlon wlth 1hc locall:nu1 ror Nat•.u-c ConK.rvadon - t.bauld b. wum.ty mCXIIIDiwd. lt b ·~ted.lted that RtcOtdco U« d.lnctly lt:I9C)ru.lbla to du: .R-.'"OI:d• Com:nlll,. Cot lho p-of k"'piQJ .-..l.t and thal they ""1 not bo ~«n 10 be lnvoi<td in -.don: JOtM pdodly should be P<n to ldcmllYJoa VleoO>Willu in w1Udt llw b JO.

e) Commlllllatlo,. a ad EdiiCllloa Tllo 8$81 "'""Id -smo 10 publbb - wbore taado cao be !ouod - ltallcu. WJU<Iwtt •114

lhe lb. 10 .....,_, -loa. eo-•Jo>~lom ~Al/Cr=o - Oft mall m niotlor U> -•-bococooDIICI. I) llltmallollll brrohanml

n.. 8$81 hu a tok "' pll)' in ~ wlth~ bolaolob Tbitloa tboltltlolt IU.. wloo ,,. kuueated in our natlft f'loft; In atpportlrlc.. W'hac paC!Ik:tble.Ln.tt.mationll plant eomemdot1 t:OJ>f,_; and In IJ)'1ooa to lnhlal< a 'Old• orCcmduct' for lldthh tn...Uco alm>od. """'"'· lt Js com>lond ....ty dn!nblo foe Ill< BSBJ, u • !Otlooul Sc<loty, to <""""tnl o(flti.Ut on pll1kulat tluoob IO dtn of botallkollmp..,._ in ollltr c:vunttto.. &) Conslde .. tlon or other lauel or lmpO<Unce ror plant comomulon Ill the Brltl&h

IJI.ea T he CorucMllo_n Com.mhtre ahou~ conlinur to act u a rcuum ror dbt uuian or central

IIJQOI arrocur, plant (OflJCrtJiion ln the &rltbh lJJu.

-.v.lt Many old<r mcmbcn or 1111 _,, wm bo .... , to lcam or the dath b> • ovnlna home or

Mn Yulo ol lhe 141•- ap of 17. She bctma""""" to '"•hon, !ollowiQJ Llw 1111¥ doello ol Aloe W.-p la 1960, oloe ....a a ~IIW!t ell' .. tto lh1bb lhe-'< hrlu.d bosun dcftt )'liS< p.-wly or""''"'"" .... diauibudon ol lbe pbnu or thmpohirc aad lhc blo ol ,...hl 001 ............ This b a larp 1101, loaa weO wartod b)l W.urup lluo Jhe hod pftlbohl.r uprcted, but her mala hO!)C­thll WC111Vp~ plo..., -k ...... Id nol U.. be-m in nin. lkr !ormid&l>lo ... wu q ocd to ,.,.. .....,, •hn la 1968 1111 bio or WWJ>! Nanm.l Ubtory aad Atthw uj••k al Soclcly -od to lorni< ...... _, ao4 ..tm.ataly publol!od Jto 0 - .. <>dJcol Flaa iD 1978. Tllo ilrp mainluo4 - pto...S IO bo too lllliCh !oa- Phocbc Yula 10 !IIWIJ. but lllllllhnheolth l&llrd>~>&-. snudi!IC"' ....,t.lp&DII t:IIIICX)W'IplnC-QI lhal wu 1h-o 10 !aft.

Ui. Donr

9

R.ECOMM.ENDED PROCEDURB FOR BSBI MDIBERS coocemed with tile l'rolecllon of • Sile of Nltuml Hillcwy In!'"'"

AJ deteribed aho\<c, In •cllna on !he Society's b.<hal!,the Coniemllon Comm11~ can ~<'de to dtJend only sites of "mmjoo botllliallmporUnco". Flowe ... r, !he Socioty Is also ..,.ry cOIUdoua or the Important suppon lhlt botanial evidence can proolde for the ~fence or othot worthy llttt - either lh01<0 of more 'local' bor.rucol importtna: or tboto in which tome other aspect of th~ natuml history lnttrul predomlnata over fu bottnltll lntcmt. Vlec-<:Gunry R.ecarden, u dcttUed bclow,and other BSBI mcm­ben, u private lndi¥1duw, are thctcfore suongly enc:ou111p 10 lend thclr bo~anlcal expertise for the defence of Jucll sites.

Should a throat •rbe to ony slte or nllurll hlatory inlcrest, DSBI membcn 11e uked ro moko coottct Initially with their local NCC Assisttm Regional Officer (lho addrosa of •ny IOCIIJ NCC omco con be obtained from the •wropriatc Telephone Dlrocrory), and wlth the ofnccn of the loc•l Trust for Nature Conservation In areu where thllll pouible ( the add.rcu of any local Trust for Natwc CoOMmtlon can be obtained from The Royal Society for Nature CooservaU.on, The Green, Ncttlcbam,Unco.ln LN22NR): these uc the people who arc moll Uuly 10 be able to respond qulckl)'. with a good knowledge of rhclotllsltiUIUOn.

In the cue of 1 threot to 1 site ofbotanicallnurar,lh~ lotll VIce-County RcClOrder should wo be informed, u the peoon moslllkdy to be abl" 10 adrise the c:onKMllon bodla on the bounlcollrnpcxUnce or m.. au. In !he .... of tha1 threat bdnato 1 site or tmjor boranlallmporuncc u definal ab<ml,lh<> Sttrcuey or !he llSBI Cooservallon Committrc mould aiMI be informed: in which cuo it & esrcntlal llut aulllclcnt ~ of the cue (apccin lrlt'Oiftd{lpccla' llru, maps of the 1rn, creJ be prooldcd to cnab~ the Conservation Commit~, lis Sccrcury, or the OffaJS to acs 1ppf1!Prlauly, quickly and objectl,..ly.

Tbc Secrcl.ary or the Coruervallon Commhtrc nuy, on the authority of the Consct· Ylllloo Committee or or tbe Offie<n, write In defenee of I dtr Cl< &l•e evlde.nce at I Public Inquiry.

VIce-County Record ea may, on their own lnldatlve o:nd In their copacltyu Record en, wrilo In defence or I dt< 01 aJve evidence lt I Public Inquiry: they dtould forward 10 tire Secret•ry or the Conll<!fVIrtlon Commlllcc I copy or any eY!dcnce submltted.

A member or a BSDI Regional Commltte,e may, on the auUtorlty ofth.ot Comnthlcc, wrlle In defence or . lire or give evidence 11 • PubUc Inquiry: I copy or Ill)' evldenoc submlued should be rorwardl!d to the Sem>IIJY or the Conservation Committee.

Any member of lhe Society may , of course, u an Individual, write In defenoc of a site 01 sJve evidence 11 I J>ublle Inquiry. lloWC\'tt, 10 do M1 Orl btha/f 0{ th~ Society, they mun b..., reul...., the permlulon of the Off'lc:ul oc ha._ bun 1utbodscd by a malion pUIIPd by I he Corurrvallon Committee in fa-.ow or suclla m....,: lrt which cuo I copy Of In.)' evidence submit led should be forwuded 10 lh<O Socrctary of the Con..,r• YIUoD Committee,

Tbc praent Secretary of the Conacmllon Comnunee 1$ MR. DUNCAH DONAI.D, who may be contkted c/o RHS, Garden, Wisley, WO KING, Suney GU2J 6QB. Duncan Donald adds:

T1te «<op/lull o/th~ abo>e Policy IDJtf Proamln qoln hfthlflhtJ the ~t~~~ of tht dnJr,.,tlon of•'llhlllblo 1/La - by '"" NCC - 4l slla o/Jpct:fd ldmJf/11: lnttrtJt: BSBI mtmbm au "orm/y OJCOW'Ilfrd 10 brint! to the autntlorr oftlrtir Y!ct>O>unry Rtt!Oidt:T mu whkh they 1«1. on bowrriclll rrountJs. mtrit dtJflnotlon u sssn. so .rhat 11 ctDe may be put forward to rhe NCC on bdwif of such lites, 1/ rtpp1'0pritlttt.

10

NOTICES /JSBI (o/fk*fJ Notftln

WAl'SONIA ...S &Sill AASTllACTS ll Is 10~etted that the am<t lsoues oC both the abooot are tma'f'llidabl)' clcaywd and

wOI probably DOt appeu befo~ btt Oc1Dbcr or arty Nonmbcr. Pl£AS£ DO NOT WlUTI! IN to Secr<Wy. Trcuum Of Editon with coquines.

SEIXiES OF TilE JJRIT/SIJ ISLES: a <omdlon A couplet WIIJ hudYCrttnlly dropped from the key to fNhlnaspcdmens on P•F 37.

1 corrillmtlum "lp hu been printed wilh Lite foUowlna cocr<etlon:

CORRIO ENDUM

ll•pl""' ditMtl>lrl1 24 "" ,.,, 11 h1.

111 (14) Bocty ofwridcdmlnttlyWinFdfcnlkul pan of lt> lcnph • . • • 14A

14b Ulriclo unwii1JIOCI, e>00<p1 oomttlrncs n..rro-1)' 10 on the bcalc • • 1S

14Aa (14) \foddlt spites~ 4; terminal or upper 'Piles entir<ly 9 • . . . • 10 .........

14Ab \hddlt s;>i\cs ~ &I top. ? below; terminal •pi'• entirely 4 9 .....U

Cople:a of this •Up nuy be obtained from A.C. IERMY. Britlsl\ Mu.cum (Natuntl Hhtory). CromwtU Road, London SW7 SBD and from F.fl. PERRJNC.Oundlc l..odp, Oundlt, Ptltrborou&h PE8 STN. If thOK rtqutsuna Lhuc .Ups enclooc an addrCSied envelope (the ~IY wUI bear the pomp), 11 would m11n~ a prompt raply .

H£RBARJUM RELOCATION The Kotb. U.K Duncm (na:uw planu) hat boa uansfmcd to Duadcc ldi*!UtiJ

alii! Art C.&ria, (OEE.) The bryolilytcs and lltbenl an already at E.~

URSULA K. DUNCMI,I'lllddll. ARBROATJI, Anau> DD II SRC.

OIANCES OF ADDRESS: Amendment 10 lilt of BSBI County RecO<dm, March 1982: VC No. 110 Outer

HebrldeJ MJSS M. S. CAMPBEU... now addre•: Ruldtnce St . ~·'•""-.--

43 Doumcr, ~ued 11 /8/82 --"'90 Roq~bnrnc - Cap M.ulln,

FRANCE

WR. AJL BUSBY, r-n-u ofFem recorda eddllioa.al to thaoc pul>lilbetllo AIJ Alia o/ Fmu o/ rlwt Brltvlr IJks Jcrnzy, Arnold , FarrtU 111d Pmtna. 1978, (occ BSBJ N-'f 13 • 7) hu a new arldrca: Mr. A.R. Bulby, Ctn. Stcr<tuy British Plcrldolflllcal Sodery, 42 IAwbJwn Road, Smcthwldt, WARLEY, West Midlands 866185.

11

Otltu (non/ISBI) nodtu

DANDY'S UST OF BRrr/SJJ VASCUI.AR 1U.NTS In t~spoiUC to numctous teqllt'SU,Ihe Brit.isMlusewn(Natulll Hbuwy)h.u tq>rlnted

the thcck.ll.R of Brllbh OOViorinJ plants and fma llat '""" prq>ar~ by the late Mr J.E. Dltldy for the BM (Nil) md the BSBI, and ,.-as orl&iJully publhhcd In 1958. The reprint hu been spedolly requested by !M Wlldllowor Sod<ty for use In connection with it• annual dllllcs. Mrmbets of the BSBI should nore lhot thlo 11 1 facalmlle repdru and Is not a new edition. Coruidorotion wu gi-.cnto tbc poulb!llty of producln&• new edition. but to hive done th!J to . standard wnnhy or the exceptional quality or tho orf&lnal would haYc Involved much work and a long delay. lt also oecmcd bat to defer the compUaUon of e new Drlllsh checldiJt until Uoo INIT<nt erillcal work un.der the leadenhlp of Messra Valenthte, S.ll and Stncc toward• Ure new Fl()frJ of tire 8rit/Jir Isles baa been complcred, ao that duo account can be taken of all the new date ihtt wUJ be oocumuloted In the counc of this bnportmt project .

Those who wWr to hue their own copy of Dandy's clwlc lilt may obtoln one. price £S plus 7Sp pouage from PubUcatlons (Sales), BritWr Mwcum (Natulll History), Ctomw.U Rotd,l..ondon SW7 SB.D.

J.F.M. Caanoc

WINSTON CHUROilll FELLOWSHIPS 'Naturol history and coruc:tTnlon of loa! enmonment' and 'Gudcncrs ond prdcn

hisaorians' arc t•'O of the CIICJOrles (Of wttidt W"umon Oturdtlll Traftlllna FcUO'IIi'lhlps wW be aWinlcd In 1983. For further Information ICDd a poat=d to: The Wllu1o.n Cbutdllll Mornod.al Trust, I S Qucen"s Ca.te Tcna~. LONDON SW7 SPR_

OQS!ns dAte for completed appUcatlon fOODI: 17 th Octobc.r 198'2.

BIRKBECK COLUGE UNIVERSITY OF LOJIIDON "77re Strucru!Y arid !itYJiutkm of the British FIDI'4". A shon coum wi th thb title

will run for cloven cverrlnp, ono 1 week, commenclns In Januory 1983. Topic• cow"'d wiU Include the hlstory and development of the BritWr Oora, present day vegetation typot ond evolution ln tlto British nora. Fcc for the cour~e, which wUI be or lntomt 10 ornatcu r botanino, iJ lAO. Enquiries should bc.~~:nt to: MARTIN INOROUllLE, Bollny Dept. Bhbcck Collol", Mtlct Strecl, LONDONWCI.

12

BSBJ NEI+'S

CoJtttibutlons llltmdcd for publlcatiou. in Ut.is iowo rmw .-Jilbc £4bor BBFORE l3nl OCTOBER, 1982.

ALIENS and ADVENTIYES SHOOOY AUENS(Pon I)

Oacri~dand Wusuated by ldt1 OJ.I.Sicnrt

Wool (or ...,oddy-) aliena are oftm mentloi>Od ID BSBI N-. alld cluwbere. btu detcriptloM of the spocla ln\"Oiftd ate dJITlcult to rUid, and WLIIIntloM almoJI!mpol­s!'blo. The pramt lflido, the nra of In occasional oerlet, l1mo 11 -flUlJ mnnbm to Identify tllmc of the more typical planll they may came ICtO$I

Shoddy planll ha-. been recorded from shlnaJe b..W on the Rhtt Tweed for 0\"Ct sixty )'<ItS. Unf011un11ely the ben pllce Is now 10 overpown,llut h wiU take 1 tcrrlllc Oood to tcOUr the lfCI and clcu the pnel tlld thus aOow th.o te<da to flnd 1 pllcc to grow. The ICCOmpanylna draw~nat Ire or plantt that wore frequently foulld up 10 fh., ycan •80· Erodlum bortyr (fla, A) cornu from lhc Medhernnean, but 1t b prob1ble thll tbc shoddy plant• ... lltJtntlnlan daccndanu or European plant&. h Is a prruy, aJandular pubaccnt plant, UJUIIJ)' <I<CI, with faJtJy 11110 putple.uJac Oo""'"· I ¥et)' loQI &ult bclk, and corbcrcw awns. 1\nolher Elod/um Is E. trlnlrum (fie. 8), an annual from Aunnlia, with lt<rn b••lna sprudina to rcRexed haln, blue Oo..crt, pointed aeptiJ and IIIo I faltly kq ftuil btalc.

Dwou t lodtJdlmu (fla. C) Is anotbu Atat~an plant hnlna owold frwt COYtt<d with btbiJa. Tbo umbel Is of 3-S uneqwl 11ya and 2 or 3 In~ btutt4Mded loto 2 or JIIDat Ululate ..,.....u. One o( ~ 12ya .ametlmcs __. out into a CDntln~ of~ Item and bart .-Jwr CIOIIIpOWid umbel. CmJo turlJinllbr (flr. O)ls 1 natl~ of South Arrla, but 11 an ld-thor In New ZaWid. h Is a much bt2nebed pub<ormt amwol With pale yellow outu raya.

s.....m IMtqlllllmJ (Fla E). from s. Afnca, can look like an aMu.ol or blcllllDl, but ~ha.., Uke a ~rcnni.U by the ~ Tweed, and Is found In the amc p~ y<~~ tltu ye:a.r. 11 it a taU tubaJIIbrout plant with ycUow nya and pubcttcnt odtcna. The two Bi/tm '!*let ha¥1! headt with few Of no OUlfl nya tnd 1 pappus of tlpj, botbed btlnlu. Bid till pllo"' (Fla. F) hu yellow dlac noretJ orulapane white mya:B. blplt~JWJD (Fia, C) la on erect annual with J-4 yellow tl)'l or non< A! all.

The lut to bo dcpicrcd , Colotls Cltllt/fol/a (Fig. H), alao from Auat1111ia, 11 • low branched percnnilll ha'llns long nnrrow pale Ulllc 111y norc11 and obovttc achcncJ with 2 or J rigid borbed hrlltlea, and 101 3 broad membranoua truncate scAiea.

AD thoao alroddy plant a have fntlll with mcanaor B•lllna tan&ltd In theshoep'a wool. aod arc tbua common whore ahoddy can bo fouod. The Om/6 Is much lhe scuoctt of this IOI<etion of typical wool aliens. Flp. A - 11 arc all bated on apedmen~ sccn, l.n nru, by myaclfat Cllaahlell (V.C. 80) ovcr the ye~t~I969 · 1971. Fcw of!hom Rower or fruit In Britain bt fore the btoaummtr or early autumn.

lo ""it in& thh.lw lodebted to Mrl!. Cltmcnt for ad1ioe and ~l.

ldn O.M. STEW ART. 14 Olurrh llliJ. EOINBURCII EHIO 4BQ.

13

A. Uodlum bo171 B. hod Aim amiiWn C. O..cw tJ«hldt.tuJ D. Cm» turllftutrt

il O.M. Scew1n 1982

14

.. . . ..

-· E. Sou:tlo buu'quldtn.s F. Bldou piloJG G. B. blpfnrulla 11. QJoru amtf{o/Jo

@ O.M. Stewart 1982

IS

S/IIYRNIUJI I'ER.FOL/ATU/11 h may be of lnte"'rt to ~d the appcaanoe In my pnkn this year of Sno-mJum

~Mrfollatum (P.rennlal Aloxando<J). The plant wu .ldJldly ldenUJled by JU. Pankhurrt or tho BrhWt Museum (Natural Hlrt.ory) from a photoguph; In ill younger auaes lt IJ very lundaomc with ita ycUow ampluleaul (not porfoUato) lenca beneath the umbels. How it arrived is unknown, but dlsardtd bitd teed or lwnstor food may have been theaou...,.,

AJ . SHOWLER. 12 Wedpood Or~ liushenden Valley. lDGH WYCOMBE. BuckJ HPI4 4PA. PS. litlc: Clrmcnt ad4J: TbGup In•"""' lo Pm!, Tlltlo'o Umb<JII(m of rho Bmbl> ldu lp. ~) S. Pf'/<>IUrUJfllw ttam~<ly lowloalltlot lo Or, and I led .. ,. b btoWly._IO Bacbandpn>bably oil Uppor Tllamco V .c'o too.

CONSERVATION 36 YEARS ACO

TliJWI)I tbt - .r IUdl...t fiiiU, VlooOWmam ol tbt ,_ ol ~ ..._...lloa Sodoty (fFPS) wepubiJh a ktter lh>m C)-ntllla l.oo(llrld - tho-Mllhorlly oa df¥m IIIH ­b> rcopo-tuoar11ck by ft.donS. Bnxlbtlllllu FFPS pctlodlaiO.,... (Q,V.)

I waa •cry Interested In your "StO<)I or a Sodp" (01)'%, XV!, No. 3 February 1982) when I read !hot it wu on tbo bo&..uab SchotmU lmutl•tu•, that we lried so h11d to trll11planlat Loch Tumrnelln 1946.

Our B.S.B.I. ttlmJ aeuched every Inch or the then nUl pristine L Tummel'a foro· ahorea and we noftr missed 1 plant eapablo of being tiRed.

One ttjm of Scou undtt Mlu Cimpl;cll iiid oneti!ilil 6f Eft&llilt lllld!r Of Wllmon, had no lesa than S famous botanlau of tlw year, plus l to 4 amatews on each team. I wu one of the J.utet,ln Lhoae days....,.~ &Dd always a •Win& member of tbt B.S.OJ. WIYOYJ.

The teams took dlffereot llldea of the Loch, and each day we al&l1ed whe.rc wclud left ofT the prmoua day. We never ll.opped to look anywhc.re •I•• fo.r the Stdgo,lt wu tho precious plantsa1 Turnmcl alonc that were to be Inundated.

Ourfns the whole rortnlaJn we Jufferod th• worrt weather tlte fll&hlandJ had ever h•d, yet we siuclc to lt and even M.r Brookes would have acknowledged how thorouilh we wrre. The tough nawfea - out of work mfneu and doekert - wo"' lll1111Ud at our auylna powors. Though thlnkln& 111 daft, they helped 111 no and to gel on with ow job and aut their way. They were bufldlna tbt dam all tha·t year, and Jtopped to cut brusJ>. wood to spread underoUJ can and""""' us out daDy, the roads bdnroo!Hldatent.

Or COUI'IJO i i WU unfortunate that weJud DO time 10 do anytltln1 bett:tt than WC did , Jt wu also unfortunate lliaJ lbe belt Stoll Rydro,Eiecttlc tfllln«T1Md so Uttle know· ltdac of what the water lcwl would rise t.o. lt wu never the poUey to carry the p!Kio111 Sedge from lu only lo)own wild habitat.

Cyntbla LonaJicld

16

The single plant a1 Rayleigh must, presumably , nave originated from· wild bird-<Jeed. lt set seed freely, some of whlch WliS coUocted aad sown in March 1982. Thls all germi· nated successfully, but faDed at the eotyledon Slllge.lt does seem likely tbat seed may not remain viable after overwlntering In Britain, and thtt the species will, therefore, remain a C3.!UIIL ll lw shown no sign of becoming naturallsed , though b now being reported more frequently.

l am indebted to Mr Eric Clement and Mr Ron Payne who .llave generously supplied many "'eords. Othcn have been extracted from the counly Ooru, aad maay othe11 probably exist. A Ust of these is given below. l would also like to thank Graham Easy for U5e of the acc:ompanying Ulustmtion ,and Or Ray Harlcy for determining the Rayleigh materiaL

B.M. SPOONER, Royal Botanic Garden.s, Kew, RICI!MOND, SurreyTW9 JAB.

ENGLAND Hertford&hire. Pye Corner, 1964 &. elsewhere on rubbish dump• (Dony, Fl. Herts.,

1967) Kent. Stone refuse tip, 18.10.75; 24.10.76 (conun. R. Paync); bird-ieed allen

on rubbish lips in N.W.Kent (l'hilp , Atlas Kent Fl., 1982) L>ncasbirc. A lite non, corporation Up, 1959 {Tnlvis, Fl. S. Lancs., 1963) Middlesex . Near Bamtond.swortb. I 962-67; Mill Bill ; Hanworth I 954; Hyde Park,

1962; Hyde Plrk Corner, 1962; Ylewsley, 1966. {Kent, Hlst. Fl. Mddx., 1975); Elanw.U, rubbish tip, l9Sl (Kent & I.Dusley, H'lbt PU..ondon Area, l9Sl)

Norfolk. Fritton. 1928: llliford Up, 1961 (l"etch & SWIIll, FJ. Norfolk, 1968) Sheringham (Suppl. F1 Norfolk)

Northants. Sibbertoft, 1938 (WDmott, 1950) Nottinglwnshlre. Nottingltam dumps, 1958 (Howltt & Howltt, Fl. Notts., 1963) Somerset. Bedmlnster, near Bristol, on a lip, 1978; Bath, on a buDding site,

1979 {Roe, Fl. Sommct, 1981). Brislington Tip, 14.10.78, leg. A.L GrenfeU & T.G. Evllllt. Bird-seed alien, prod.ueing good seed . (comm. E. Clement)

Surrey. l!adJwood, on a lip, 1958, (Miss B.t.j.C. Morgan, comm. E. Clement); RedhiU, private prden, 30.8.76. Biid-d c.uuol. (Miss B.M.C. Morpn, comm. E. Clement); Mitcltam Common, rubbish lip, 1956, J.E. I.Dusley (Keot & l..ousley, HandUst PI. I.Dndon Area, 1951)

Worceatersbire. Penb.ore, .in beet field, 22.956. Wool alien. (Mrs J.G. Dony, comm.

SCOTLAND

Borders. Gramplao.

18

E. Clement)

Gllublels, 30.8.63, (Miss M. McCallum Webster, comm. E. Clement) Elgin, rubbish tlp, 1958. From bird-iCed or foreign pin. (Webller, Fl. Moray. Nolm & E. Inverness)

A CODE OF CONDUCT

AND LIST OF RARE SPECIES

A CODE OF CONDUCT AND LIST OF RARE SPECIES

In 1972 the Society lssued A Code of Conduct for the Cons<rvation of Flowering l'lllllts and Ferns, and this included a Ust of ran: species that should nol be picked or collected. Since that date tlten: has been legulatioo both In the Republic of Ireland (she Flora (l'rotection) Order, 1980) and in Great Britain (the Wildlife and Country· side Act, 1981) which substlllltially alters the pmitiun. Accordingly , the Council has authorised the issue o f a revised code •nd lllt, to be pn:p<~red under the supervision of the Cons<rvatlo n Commit tee.

For lht Ust of rare species the Committee I• indebted to Or Petting. h Jnclud .. all the specl .. In F .U. !'erring & L Fmcll , /l.oo D111a Doolr.: VDSt:uiiJr P/Jmts, ed. 2 (1982), with ihe addition of others selected in accordance with the following criteria, modified from tho .. Orst drawn up by the sub-committee that devised the original Code of Conduct ond which wet e publlshed In Warsonla, 9 : 67·72 (1972):

1, 11te spoelulhould occur In very few localities in the region ( usually S or fewer, but less In the cue of largo populolion.t and more in the case of .small population•).

2. The species sltould not be common or abundant Jlllywhere in the region. 3. Species known to be especially vulnenbl< reproductivtly (e~. som• annuals

with poor regeneration) or tho .. O<curring in u vulnemble habitat (limestone pavement, lh!nglt beaches, wetla.nds and other habltaiJ liable !o excusive Influence by man) have been given special co.nslderatlon.

4, The sped.M sltou!d be lllltive or very well ost~bllslted !ntroduttlon.t. S. 'Agamospecles', 'mlcrospedes' , $ubspccies tnd other critical spedes·segregates

should be excluded . 11 is hoped that thMe would be included in morelocolly based Usll.

CO

CODE OF CONDUCT COLLECT'IHC

I . Mcrnbert arc rc.,.ndal rlw iu Grur Bnmn n a now lllopl. Wider !he Wildlife and Cownryudo Aa , 1981, 10 upR>OI ury "'ild plmr wnhoul cho permwlon of the ....-ucr .. o<a~p,.r of the land on whicll lt p-ows; aud tbar 6llllfda o( "'>' rue planu in cbftcn Of UllncUon 110 loully procecud by the low, 1nd plc:klnJ, Uprootlna, Of deoznrctlon of Ill)' of that pbntl b a <rimlluJ OfTc~. The f1cn {PtotO(tJon) 0td<f, 1981 , e.rrtnrh dmllar p101tc:llon 10 so planu in the Republic or lrcland.

1. Memben w~l DOl eollecr spcamms Imm my Nature ~Uxm, Nature Trail. or National Tnuc prupcny whhoul officW permission.

3. Mcmbcu wnt nur tollc:cr specimcna of my specks In a IOClllhy In whldl h b ll:llrcc or In 1 ••skin where rho followlnBiiJt lndlcaresrhar h Is nu e.

4. Mcmben oro reminded rhol h IJ possible to dtnulllllralc malelllll In rhe Otld wllhnur removlna 01 trnloudy dan••J!lngthe plllJ)t.

S. equlllly, h Is usually poalble 10 coli <et voucher mororlolto support new recorda with Gut JerkHrily damsalna rhc pbanr .

6. Tho collection of dupUcaro seu af hub>rium molcrllllhuuld be made only from ~ry latp popular Iona. If mareri.alb lnJufl'Jdent. cultivarlon may be uJOful.

7. Memben lhould anempt to coUen livlnJ mtlcri.al from t«d• or cunlnp, rather thm throuJh uproollnl-

8. Momben ate rcmuldcd tlw mmo speoos (annuoh, ordl.dl, broomrapa) arc kncrl<n to be cspcclally Ylllnuablt to pidl:lna or dJmubiiiCC OWU1IIO thou rquodoc:u .. durxterbllea Also 1pccla occurrlrtc ID nd!>cnbk or rpllcmtral hlbltau (1« cnlftal 4 above) tboo.id be rroatal wilh p..ucuJ.v COOJJdn1tlou.

VlSmNC I. Mcmbo11 mull cnatue thot they have permission (Ot -. 10 privalc land. In·

cludlna Narure Rewrvn,. l. Membon should take •• ,. nol IO dlmllge the IilO or ony spcdeJ by 'prdenlnf

berore roklna pltoroarophs or by rrampllng or premna on the sround ncor rho plon11 in the ptuce11 or phorographlns. 11wrographs whl~h are publlsltcd or cxhlbllcd lhuuld not dlscl~»e the loealhy or raro species. nor lhould 1111y publlthcd marorlal do 10 whhour rhe appronl of rhe ofl'lccr& or rhe B.S.D.I .

l. 11 I• 10 be noted thal ovcJ..uitlna. and vWtlnJ by la'F panics, an dantap the habltal or 1 pbnr md prevent t<<dllna cstabllslurotnt. They rnay also wow auonllon IO QIH Of rift tpeelu. ReqUCJU from COIIX:rvu!OO orpnharJona DOl 10 o!JII CCfUln dta thould always be mpeetcd.

INTRODUCTIONS Mcmben obould no< UIUoducr plantS ano the counu}'ll<k ..,!hour the tnowlcd&r

of !M loeal N.uwallm' Tnast, !be appropmt.c Rcpanal Ofl'lcc or the Nature Coo· serqncy CoUIIdl and rho B.S.B.I. Coolcrratioo Colllllllucc. There 1rc INIIY quatlons RptdlnJ bolh polky md m<lhods., lhn need to be tab:n Into acoount bof01< plan IS ate lnlloduecd or t<~.ntrodueed lnro tbe wUd. AlnnF""'nU arc In h1nd whereby lh• orpniuliona mcnlloned above may keep ln toueh md provide UN(ul advice In rhesc issues.

(U)

A Ltsr OF RARE SPECIES Mony of tltcse •~ In dAnger or exdnctlon either locolly or generally. They should

not be picked o r collected by mambers in the regions shown agllinst each name (E : England, W = Wales. S = Scodand, I ~ lrebnd}. Where the Indicator teller Is In bold type, the plont Is legally protected In lhat country (- Collecllng I abOV'C). Sl18s of all Usted species known to members sbould be vlli.ted with cau tion mnd any threats to lhe sites or to the species should be immedia tely reported to the local Natuntllsts' Trust, to lhc Nature Conservancy Councn, or to the BS.B.I . Conscrvalion Committee.

The nomcncbturc or thb list follows thor of A.R. Cl•phnm, T.C. Tutin and E.F. WorbufB, &cunio11 Flom of rite Brirulr Is/m, ed. 3 {1981), as being the most r .. doy •vallable standard.

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(•ul

WILOUFE AND COUNTRYSIDE ACT ENFORCEMENT ll la po.ulble thll the Pollee may n .. d :uslstonee with pllllt ldenUilcatlon f01 lite

cnfotctment of the 1981 Act, and BSBI mcmbtt'late lsktd to co-optl'lte with lhtlt local poliee tn this If ttquJrtd.

PROCEDURE ON flNOINC A VERY RARE PLANT A rccommondcd potiey f01 the BUid.anee of membtl'l "'ho rmy ha~ the .,ool luck,

the p<rabtonct ond/or the skill to Jlod a new locallty for 1 tile plant, Is In prepamtlon tnd wlll be publlahcd In 1 fluurc number of BSBI News.

SAL l'lA REFLEXA Boman. In Brioln Stlbtlil rl!/lt:X.D Elomem., vadoUJly known u Roeky Mountain Sage , Lanceleaf or

Mlnt·woed, was nm recotded In Brfl.lln in 1928 11 l'rfuon In Norfolk, and his sine<: been reported from variow loc.Ulluln England and Seodand. Avllfable ~<cords susscat 11 hll occurred mme frequently In the south of Eaex than In any other country ec~~«pt Mjddluox, hiY!Ds been reponed there ax times, from four diiTetcnt loalitla, since 1949. A fun her South. Eaex collecdo" from lbyJdalt,S.ptmlbet 1981,lsnpocted hcte.

$. ,..flDU is 1 aathc tJl the Cm\ru U.S.A., North Dakota and Wyoam&, -th to TeJW, Mexico and Ari20na. and b repnled ~het< IS a common weed. lt is coruidetcd to hii\'C utcful medicinal properties, and hll b- wed in lnflllloas for uularial and rheumatic (.,us, and .. an mrin&ent and general tonic.(..., Moldenl:e,J949). New· rhclea, the spcc.les hll never been srown In Britain u a prdon plant , nor wed 11 a herb. 11 appears to be wholly casual hero, and hu shown no .J&n of becomin& naturallaed . Untll reccndy. It hu not boon treated In ldentUlcation JUldes to the British fiora, and may, therefore, be clifficuJtto name when first encounttn:d.

The 10vised edition of the Exou~n Aom of the British Ides (Oaphlm, Tudn &: WarbuiJ, 1981) hll, fo< the Rnt tlmo.lnduded S. rl!/ltXD and refcn to 1t u a not In· frequent casulll. Tlu:re ts Uule dac:riptl"' text. lthe..,rorc, •upply a fuller description here, aJpplomental by an ex.cdlont Wwuatlon by C.rahlm Easy. I hope this may faciiJtue roeocntlion of the spcdet, which is probably more frequent and. wldetp"'ad tll.ll\ avaUable t<cords sugest. (See front aovoer).

S. rc/1tx4 IJ mosr frequently reported In Britain from rubbish tlpr, but also occura In arable fieldi and private prdens. Its prcscn~ here can be nrributed to the uaual tourcca. h b an oc:culonal comtltucnt of blrd«od and eonraminMt of arass .... d and saJn, but also OcCUR frequently In wool wuto from Ausualla. lt is, In fact, now common In Auunaiia, wher<lt la uauaiiy ~fetred to u Mlnt·wecd. Accordlng to Orchard (19'18) it is a sctiow annuli weed then, poisonous to Uvestock because or iu hlsb nitrate content. A similar lituation aiJu In JWU of A!Jentlru <- Rumik<r , 1961). Aoeordlna to Wilmou {19SO) lt also oecura freq...,tly In Cmttal Europe ln p-od mlxtuns and p2in.

S. ttjlcx# IJ an ltt1leti•e tpeci<J wRh pale blue fiowen and 1 dbdneth.., but .Uahlly unpleasant am.U , reminbcent or mint but with a dlusrecable, rather metallic element which 1• dlfricult to defmc. An 1ccuratc coloured plate was published by Jacquln ( 1811 - 1816, pi. 1.3), thousb Orllbh specimens tend to have somewhat paler flowers. The followlna description Is bucd on the Rayleigh colleedon.

S#bilt rt/1t»J florncm. (• .£ liiiiC«JiJJto Brouss.) Etcet, much bli.Odled tnnl14l borb , tr- 20" hl!lt. Item lufy, sjobrous or usuaUy

minutely pub...,.,t with frne recul'fed hlin. ln¥a Unear~anccolate oroblong-lanc:eob.te, 3 • 8 cmalons, 4 • 12 mm wide, cnri"' or crcnulate to remotely aemte .. w. a few low teeth, fintly pubescent or glabr.-nt , narrowed towuda the base, pctloiJI<, petiole S · IS mm loOJ. Bm:teallcavea narrow,lanctO!ato, pcnlstont, I • 3 mm loOJ. lnlloru­ccncc 1 terminal rpll<e.Jlko rscemo, oreot, S • 12 am Iona. l'lowcn 2. 4 at uch node, pediceiJ aborter than calyx. Calyx earnpanulate, 6 • 8 mm loOJ, minutely pubcrulent on the rwrve1, 3·1obed, upper Up entire, half as lo111 u tube , S·nerved,lower Up 2<leR, teeth mucronate . Corolla pale blue, 7 • 11 mm IQOJ, tube not longer than the calyx. lrrto-.r Up l\lt'I'OW,twfoc u IQOJ as upper. AO'IICIS Au& ·Oct.

17

The Jingle plant at Rayleigh must. presumably, lulve originated from wild bird"'Jced. lt set seed freely, some of which wns coUected and sown ln March 1982. 'ThiJ all gennl· nated successfully. but FaUed ot the cotyledon suse.lt d~ seem likdy that seed may not remain viable after overwintering ln Britain, and that thupecles wDI, therefore, remain a e:uuttl. It lw mown no sign of becoming natu.rallsed, though ls now being reported mote frequently.

I am indebted to Mr Erie Clement and Mr Ron_Pay.ne who have generously supplied many noc:ordo. Others have bem extracted from the county Ooru, and many othcn probobly exist. A Ust of these Is given below. I would also like to t.hank Graham Easy for LUe of the a""ompanying Ulwtration,and Or Ray Harley for dettnnlnlng the Rayleigh materiaL

B.M. SPOONER, Royal Botanic Gardens, T<ew, RICI:IMOND, Suney TW9 JAB.

ENGLAND Ucrtford&hire . Pye Corner, 1964 &. elsewhere on rubbish dumps (Dony, Fl. Herts.,

1967) Kent. Stone reFuse tip, 18.10.75; 24.10.76 (eomm. R. Payne); blrd"'Jeed alien

on rubbish tips in N .W. Kent {Philp, Atlu Kent Fl., 1982) L:mcashlrc. Athenbn, eorporaUon Up, 1959 (Tra\'U, Fl. S. L:mcs., 1963) Middlesex . Neor Bonnondsworth.I962~7; MU1 Rill; Hanworth 1954;BydePark,

1962; Hyde Park Corner, 1962; Ylcwsley, 1966. {Ken!, H!Jt. El. Mddx., 1975); UanweU, rubbish tip, 1951 (Kent & l.ousley, H'llst PU.ondon Area, 1.95 I)

Norfolk. l'rilton. 1928; Hnfmd Up. 1961 (Peteh & Swan. FL Norfolk, 1968) Sheringham (Suppl. Fl Norfolk)

Northants. Sibbertoft, 1.938 (WDmott, 1950) Nottinghamshire. Nottingham dump•. 1958 (Howltt & HoVo~ltt, Fl. Notts., 1963) Somer5CI. Bedmlnster, near Bristol, on a tip, 1978: Bath, on 1 bulldlng lite,

1979 (Roe , Fl. Somers<l, 1981). BriSiington Tip, 14.10.78, leg. A.L Gnoofell &. T.G. Evant. Bird-seed alien, prod.uaing good seed . (eomm. E. Clement)

Surr~y. Eorhwood, on a tip, 1958, (Mi.ss B.M.C. Morgan. comm. E. Clement); RedhUl , priVIle garden , 30.8.76. Bird~ced e.115UIIi. {Miss B.M.C. Morpn. eomm. E. Clement): Milcham Common, rubbish tip , 1956, J.E. Lousley (Kent & Lousley , Handlllt PI. London Area, 1951)

Woreestenhlle. Pcnbore, in beet IWd, 22.9.56. Wool alien. (Mn I.G. Dony. eomm.

SCOTLAND

Borders. Grampian.

18

E. Clcnwnl)

Gllilsblels, 30.8.63, (Miss M. MeCallum Webster, eomm. E. Clement) Elgin, rubbish tlp, 1958. From bird-seed or foreign grain. (Webner, Fl. Moray. Nairn &. E. Inverness)

VIOLA 11/VlNIANA Rdlb. IJid V. REICHENBACHlA.NA Jonl..o llof. le b somctbncs sold th•t hIs dJffkult ot, lndced, lmpaaiblc to differentiate bctwcm

V. rlvlniiTMond V. rdch~nbachhma by vogetaUve clmacton llono. Sonto fUty yean acquaintance wllh tbo .. two rpeclet In soulh·wcst Devon sussoru

to me that tbo difficulty hu been extgcmcd, and that tllcy cao be rcpanued on the bull or dlfferenOeJ between their respoctln: lea~. There dlffuonw, llthough robtle, dtfinltcly do exist aJid deporul upon:·

(I ) stupe and propofllom. (Note more pointed •pu in V. ~.uwocn ln the lCCOinpanyin& Wuaratlon ,.11Jch b a pbolOCOpy of actual prased ka"'' (ICC BSBJ Nr-.'1 30 p. l S).

(l) Tutu re. Thinner and lea O!*IUC In V. rddtmbachllllw. (3) Glllbrour u.ppcr rurfaec In V. rtkhmbachl11nti. Slight pubescence (XIO leru)

In V. rlvf nlllna. Ahhouab aomewhlt dlfncult to define. the differences become apparent when

careful comparbons arc made, and u tho S<aJDn P"'ll"""' the vory it'll" leaves of V. nlchenb«chlllna show the dlffcm~O<ll evon more elc.uly. E.N. MASSON PHlWPS. Cbcu nut CottJ&e, Mludlln Road. TOTNES, Dcvoo TQ9 SEX..

V. rM111111

Silhoucllu of leaves cnu

19

LETTERS ON lEAF RETENTION BY OAKS

h 11 by no IM&DI crrlaln ~ the Ute of.,.,.. tudl u V.'intutlche (~l'IIWI), Wlntmilc (Dutch), Vlntcrca (Dinith). V'aucnl< (S.....Silh) etc. ttOCICI the ~spccbl Wlllmcy" o( QumJU /WrNmto rcui:l -of iu lta>a &t 11110 the wlntu, u ~ by Maty 8 .... 8S8/ Ntws 30 p.17. Ac:axdin& to Hdnrlth MandJ (k~ttrilurll drr DtJJttdtm Pf14n:~n. l(S):llJS (1977) !be PJC110thlon "wlntct" ~tfcn to !he lll&htly btcr OOY<erina lime of Q. pmru.: u compu<d will\ Q. fObw. Th111 Q. robw and Q. ptrrr~m arc occulonally tc/ured to u 11\c Frub- and Spltekht.

llowevor, whate"'r the etymolot~ical dcrivalion it 11 dc11 tlut lndlvlduab of Q. robur show a almll11 tendency for leaf rctendon. Durin& the put lhrM yun I have been taklna note of thll 11honomcnon In spodmens of Q. mbur IJOwlna In the Province or Anlwctp (N. O..l&}um). hIs appatont thlu:

I) ThiJ it matt pronounced In youn& tpodmenJ and younaot brancltu of mJtuu trees, 11 Jan!OI Crou 8$81 New~ 28 p.10 hattlrudy pointed OUI .

2) Only a lflltli pon:cntaac of mJturc uees retain thcillca..,tln any quantity. 3) Thoat lndlvldualtrcea diJplayinaa tendtney for rctendon do 10 year aner year. SIDe« trm ar-lna In d- proximity to one anolhet em dlspby different d~

o/lal' retention, h would -.n unlikely 11\11 aninonmtntal &ctora are ln"''ll'tocc. In ordn to pin a boner illllJI1t wo ll\c IIIDOWlt o( leaf ttWttlon, two bundt<d

tans wilhlll easy teach wore tiUIIIbercd prior to leaUaD. In tho couno or ll\c 111ntm11 &!Id W\llt<r ll\c numbeD wctc rcpata!Jy recorded <F'II- 1). 11 h dw from ll\c ... ph lbt ..-en th- oelc tnea with a bl&b d~ of leaf rctaldoa 1- moll of their lcna la tM IUflllllll. TJII lmou•blditre DOl alHdsRd 1ft wbjtfltO hp vrilldJ •bkh­I lflduai red~Xtloo la leaf IIIIJDbet ud I IIU<rin& Of !ha. tctalntd (~ 2), With bud e.aptrulon In April th-lcn arubtciued In a matter of days. Wlll\ez<d ~ca .. uze rucly rnalncd an., tho exporuion of tbe new lu'l'el, althou&h In youna bMCh treea (Fqw ryfrotlt:G) 11own in a nuncry, I ha"' obsef\'ed two xu of autumn leaves.

I wish to Cl<prua my thanla to Prof. lr. J.£. de l..lnJhc for drowlna my attention to Hdnrlch Marull'• work.

DR. D.K. l'llROUSON, Rijktunlvcnltair Centrum, Crocncnboricrlun 171, 0 2020 AN'IWBRP, Dcltllum.

·-· - • Fill I - -·

20

Pia. 2

... -... 1. l)tnnonl ~ta or leaf rc.tc.ntion In cwo 04k UHI {Q\!trou rohut') or alm:ll• tat (lO • ,..,, old) ~only 6 m •r-L Tm 'A' I> I J.S m hllfl wfthl lnlnt 0 aa In ctlan.lu. Tteeo .... , IS ea hlcb •hh a truak -44 ml• dliiMtcr. WhDe Ill the numbtttd .,_. oo '11' W dN;; 1ccl by IIIo 2611> April 1911, 1 I• :.. ... ..,. •11 p­• o<lltt llaadld OD lilt llh Kly lfll - lho lt• n> -~ :.to loo(, 5J.a 'A' .... oboodJ:. l..t by llM 151h Apd 19b, lloo ,_-. dlliCJ In IIW ._. u ...U.

FIJ.l TOll- :....•dlal..-loTroc 'B'oalloo lod Aptl lfii. Sc:ole•l<B.

ELATTNE 1/EXANDIU. • HYDROI'II'ER OR AN ABNORMAL FORM OF £ HEXANDIU. t

Tllb poser wa1 pu: :o members allcndln& lilt Sodcty'a exhlbl:ion mccllnp a1 lldin· burcb and London In 1981. The lin&lc prc:sxd apcdmcn on display wu cerlalnly Wlltlual, eomblnllla bolhumall3-merous bead of Eliltbttha4ndnt and a iat&<r 4-rnorous bead eharactcrllllc of li. lrydtopip<Y on lhc ame lttm. SotM luves bad lon&Jah p<llok IUJICIII-. o( l:)'dmplpa, but lhc pcdicdlco 111t Oowet heads and !he devdopmcnc of only IIJahcly eutTtd ~ were ryplal o( lrenttdN. AOtr lhc London exhibition ~tlna lht specimen ,.. JCDI for examination 10 Do l'e.ntl Uoclla (Bounleal Mu•um or the Unlvtnlly of lldsinkl). an aulhorlly on lbe Nonlltrn Eutopcm Elui-L

The pltn:, pldcod-up by clwtce In AuJU1i 1981, was &mOI1&SI a mind oolony of E. llatmdllt and li. lr)'dmpiptr puwin& on oxpol<d mud uound lhc 10ulh·wt11 fri"JJ' of KDm.tnnan Reservoir In Dunbanonshirc V< 99 (C/<llplw N•tunzJm 20:18S·186). AlthouJh both or :he• Et.Jrlnelpcdcs are Klf·fcnillsln&. dclloopmlc when wbmer~. lhc presence of necuoo In lbclr nowm shows lbac !hey are anc:auaUy rar<Srrial. Due 10 •-nsuucrlon work on lh• reaervoll dam rhc wartt lcvtl wu drawn lbrouahouc lhc summers of 1980 and 1981. 10 lhal c..,...polllnarlon by lruecrs In chll panleulJt cue wu a ualpouibUiry. The tollltiiiUiof opinlon howovet,bated on lberolll physical eharae!krs o( :he opedmen, dlmDKd a hybnd p~ranop.

E. ltet>~IWIN plmll bcarhl& c:apWes wtlh four loo:llll hu prrriously bee tcp011cd by Sit Edward Salbbury (K.ew Bu/htbt 2 140). one! q~are rccenlly o few 4-mo.JOW llowm on Lobomary cullrntcd E. ltt:t4nrtN wae noted by Mill Kay r10111 l lawtlns of l.tiiCIJitt Unlwully.

J. MrTCHEU. NCC, S.W. RqlonaJ HQ, The CastJ., Loc:h Lomond l'ark, BALLOCH, G83 81..X.

2 1

WHAT DO YOU MEAN BY "CIIILDUNG"1

BSBI Nt'Wt 29 listed plant species fully protected under the WOdllfe tnd Couuysldc Acl 1981, Including "Chlldlna Pink, Pttrorfulrlll 11/tnttuii/L BSBI Ntw~ 30 apologhcd "for I he omlDion of 1he aeoond 1' from 1he EnaJjJh nJme of one or the plnkl, width should be 'ciUidllng'." Wllh the rtcenl ltcnd to 111t EnaJbh nama for wild planls tbh word hu b«n appeuina In pnnl. 11 OCCVD in lho BSBI DlrliJJt N~~Mn of Wild 1'14Nt (1974) and k n- appucntly p•t of the ~w of l!n&J,and.. Shoold lt, bc.we•a. be applied 10 this plm1? And who lint Uitd ltt AbcM 11. """'do m- wbo IIR iiiiiP!K* it eo meu1

Tbt u1in synonymy .,... a .... rw hbw Dilmllau ptOiifrr L: 7lmb pmlifcrw (1..) Scop .. KohllfiUsdr/4 pmllfcrw (L) Kun1h. In utln PfO/n (offspnn&) and/""' (10 bw) ~~~our En&fbh ")>rollferow".

Now, the O.ED. aeknowkdaea "dlild.IIJI&" u a we and ucl!ale diminutive Cor "• Unlc chlld".IMIII ortly 1wo references do1<d 1648 111d ISSS. "Chlldina" on lho olhor hand, hu t Iona and reapecuble history, bodl u noun and u adJcctrvc (used by Shake· apure). O.£D. cxpbiru tlcorly how lho botanlal applic:tlfon k ckdtitd from lho prinwy llallln& of "prollfor0111" or "produc:ma chlldlm" "oppikd 10 10a1t pbnu wblda prodttot )'OIIftl'f or .-lkr 001'011 round &11 oldcJ (nrpnlcd u paa~t) b&o.lm". Some rclc\'&111 early quoullom are• (Gcmd (1636) " ••.• 111olhot pretty double dalsle wblch pull forth many footaalkl anylna alto link double flowm. ~ee they ha~ fltly rermcd h lho clu1dina dolllc"; R. Holme (1688)". "The OUldin& Pink III'OWeth on uprl&ht nalks"; Withcnna (1776) "/)ltlnrlau prollftr, 1hc Chlldlna or ProllferouJ Pink; and l'llor ,In 1879, talb Gnap/rll/ium ltmlltnlcum the Chlldln& cud weed..

Websl<l, the sundord U.S.A . dlcllOnary. does no1lndudc "eblldJIJia", but doa have "ChlJdln& Pink: 11n annual Pink (04vrrlau proll{tr) ltllullliJcd from Europe". Tbe d=n or so Floras in my lrbrwy dolln& from lho 11th. 18th 111d 19th cauur:in use ncrther word.

"Chhldlna~ b wed by TOWIIIClld In Florrl of llmrpthln (18!2) and wu rem-..t by Dnu:e fer work or hlslalcr ytan Flonr o{Bu&khrth•lfllhln (1926).

MeCUntoclt snd Finer In 1helr Pod~/ Guide to 'Wild Hoo.'«< (19S6),J!i~ a,ood dcserfptlon of I he ehlldlns habll of I he plant" • ••• , • • ciOte clutter of smlil p:olo pink Oowcrs which urually crncrae one or 1wo 11 a time~ but nevcrtlrolcas llll1lll! it "chlldUna" (for which they wore duly rebuked by lhe reviewer In OSIJI Procetdlngs I'm 2). I arn no1 awm tha1 1he UIIJIC "chlldllna" aweued In prlnl prc>ioutly, and should be lfllcful 10 anyone who ean pro>ide a reference. My preJCnt beUef b that h wu an an11 whleh Is by now lil<ely 10 b- ctl.tbllshtd and a.c:cepted. ltow-r, I note with pleuw• lhat Filler (/11/ut) In All A tin of 'Wild Floo.-m of Brlto111 11111 Nortlrmt E1110pc (1978) sucks to ~prohf<rous" - '11's wuc chlldllna. • • • • • • • 1"

J. OUNSTED, Appk T "'" Colla&~, Wondpun, FORDINCBIUDCE, Sl'6 280.

22

CONFUSION BETWEEN L YSIMACHIA a UATA AND L. PUNCfATA

Thuo two dlaimllor JPOdOO .,~,aranatly,much confuted by JOIIII' Br Reld bor~nlsu. They llt both wtU dtlln<d In ClWl, ond IICC\111ttly doplcttd by SybD Roles In the C1W 1/bumlllotU 1: 107. But, btwl.re of IM put!y palnllna In K•bl• ManiD ( 1965, pi. S1) wbld\ Is uplloned u •£. cll~o·, 11 mOle ra<mblcs L. pu~tt:tor•, but Is loo im«urate &Del ICtlppy for determll\ltlonl L. punt:UIUI I& by fir the commcmcr sp tluo\llhour Br: L. dJW Is dllllnaly me and Vlnlwly conrmal to N. Enpand and Scodand. IUl.. 8uU teh me ofbls S0- 100 Br loulltlos for lh< farmer, and j ust I for lbo. lautr IJI. This b my expmmce, too. L. pulft'Uita I& Wl)' common In ptdau; 1101 10 L. dliltu. Or A .C. l.dllc, of RHS Wlalq. hu neva ,_. 11 In cultlndon - nor b lt llliOIIP! the 8000 spp pown al Cambrtd .. Unlv. Bot. Gdn, accotdlnl ro Yco A Kln&'t nlulble Ort•lopr - aoe BSBI Nl6'0•s 28. p. 31. Ytl, •"-· D.H. Kml'a Hlst. Fl. MdJbt (p317) Jives 12 clllm<d tlahrlnp or l.. cUIIJto, and jusr on<, cuual, record of L. pulltUito (p. 619). In adpornt Sunq. L. dll11o hu neY<r b«t1 found (the ref. on p. '296 of JEL'a Fl S<mry la an <nor), bur l.. puntr.r• hu at feut 6 loalldea (e.a. h prospcn 11 Ou::s8nJiort, 1966 • 81, EJC).

There uo pltntlful IJIOdmcDI In BM. and I wu able to coll{vm rocord.l from lbe folowltla areas, aowru or wh!cll an mltllna from the BSBI A rmr.

L.dlitUJ w..:.'s.l4,70, 72,87,91,92 L. ,..._, •..:.'a 6. 10. u, 16, 18, 21, z.a. 18, 33, S6, 6-1 , 6.S, 67, n, 78, 83,

87. 90. 96, 97, 98,103, 112•.

TWo noteworthy cnorubo C~~~M to Uaht,u foUows: (L. d/IIJto): By the Ludcr nr Earbton and plcntll'ul by the Tweu!Jidl (Bcrwlda),

Oct 1924. I.M. llaywatd BEC Rtp. for 1914, The YOU<hm In BM and NMW ue aU L. •ulpriJ I

l.. puncrm: Oapham (mld·W Yorlu), July 1895, ox tfb. HJ. Riddel«<ell. BM. CoUocred u narlwo L. rulpris, 10ft wu prerumobly wtll naruralf~td at this euly datol

I bell~ L. dliiJtJ Is decr<llfna (lr Is Klle<ley ,.nlm wonhy - and I haw newt received a eoneclly namod •pedm<n), bur I. puMIIIta iJ greatly lncrcuina - I hiY< ..., • .,..l)' many 1ectnt cullectlons. And , )'ate .. ry o ne Is alw•)'1totaUy ater& (a triploid, perhapa, u 11 atorile l.. lfllmmu/n): ft lw IJI<CIId In Or solely by rhlzomt fraamcn· Utlon.

The 0\'111)' nc•u .,..Its Into 1 frol t, hence the nyle n<vcr p10J<CU beyond the calyx teeth (a utefultcpmrlon eh~ on 'frolllna'I]ICC!meDI). Henor , no fiUit ls ahown on tl>< dllwlna by SybD Rolea! Butcher ( 1961) doa not tY<n mtntlon l.. pulttlllllt, whlls1 Ben~ A tlooker (1924, p. 302) colllldered li o variant of L. vu/Jprla wllh "non-" of 11• choractcnr canJtant. How vel)' untrue! Pleue tend to ""' aU L. clllaro &pecfmena for .. rlrylng. bur not too many of l.. pu•octaral

EJ. Oemenr

;. NOTE ON COPYRIGHT

Sevcnol members luve recen~y had trouble over copyrlsht: 10, u miJUndonoutndlnp on thlasubjoct are ftequent,a note on tl1e buic prlnclplu may be useful.

Copyrlgltt - literally "11•.• 1lsht to copy" - Is • properly, but lt it quite distinct from owncnhip of the object copled. lf 10meono wlitcs me a lcttcr,lht ph)lllc.ll object becomes my propcny: I may .cU 11, p h to a mu.cnsm 0< beqooath it. But lbe tfsht to copy h,or 11 kast to publish a copy ofll. mnaJna the propeny of lht writer.

OriJI.nllly, tho copyriplt In a piece of •"riling or of muslt, In a paln!Jn& or a photo­lfllph, belonp, with vc.y row •"""Piloos (oee NOTE at end) 10 the writu, compoau, artist "' photognpher who <Idled 11. The copyrilbt tall be tri.Mfmod only by a wrllicn docume.nt sJ&nod by tho orfl!inal owner. The transfer may be for a panlcular, temporary purpose (Uocnoc) or permanont (assignment): lt may be specific (Uml~d 10 a paem,a magazine article or a boo~) or general (copyrf&htJ would be included, without spedllc mentlon,ln ''property" or "(IOOdt" left by WDlto an Individual or a uuat).

In Britain eoPYTilbt In wrfucn material continues u an cxclUJive property for lllly ynttalle1 the dtatb of lltc author If the work lua btM "'publt&hod~ before hi& death: I{ h Ius not, lht work mnalnl in copyright until h fr publbhod aDd (Of nny years allu that finl pubUc:atlon. Copyrl&ht In pbotognplu foBowt thb J<CDJJd mic.

Mombm may ....U uk. what OOftSiltuta bclna ~publblwl'"? 1he difficulty with the Copyrf&ht Act, paaed by Plrlilmcntln l9S6,1t tlut h does not si"' pm:ise defln· illona; but lt la 8\'RCrally wumed ilut a "''Ork or a photograph Is "'publilhed" only when 1 number of coplea hOYe been made available to tho public.

Under the Unlvmal Copyrf&ht Convention (UCC) io which most countries of the world now adhere (China 1nd Iran are the main eJU>eprJons) the work or an author publbhed In one or the adherin& eountrles Is -=orded In the othcn wlutevcr copy· rilht protecllon Is locally allowed - Cor the mOll put more or !as the IIIJW u In Britain. To obtain suth protectlan the publilhod wort must eany the oflldal copyrfr,llt ootlee - the symbol e foUOW«< by tbc date of pubUcaUoo and lht n.amoo or the copyrlJbt ownor.

What connltutea an lnftfnaement of eopyrisht b a quatlon 10me membm wDI want answered. lnfrinr;ement occutt If a ~bstmtlal" plcO< it copied, but hero 1pln "subltantlal" Is nowhere defined In the Aet . h tould be eoRIIrUed u the onwunt copied, the lmportatW~ of wh.t hu been copied either In ibe original or In the work lh.al haa copied it, or Ill relation to the context In whl<h h Is 111<d (In the ori(kl.al, 01 when quoted) or in 1 combination of all or ICYCrai of these (octoa. Only alopl judp· ment handed down In an ac:1lon, brou&ht by aomeoM who felt qgrleYed tnd IOU&ht rcd1aa In the eoum, would d~flnltely -.ule wbcthtr m lnfrinJ<IDOr>l lud or had nor botn conunluod In ll1Y partlcular lnsranoc.

Of coum the pea~est ac:ope for unauthnrilecl copylna b the untvc131l avalhhlllty of photocopyin& machines. Tltc1o Is one circwmtance In which copying does not conrtl· lute an infringement: under the "Fair Copyin& !kclaration" 1 "bollll fide nudcnt" (not ex1ctly defined) may lake, for purp~ of his own pcllOnal study or retcorch, a aJnalo copy or copyfi&bt material. He may not use lt In any book 01 ardcle he Is wrltlna, without obWnlna Curlhcr permission. Teaclu!ra may not make mulilplc coplc• for 1 clus of l!udenll. Some aUD do 10, and Cor yew the Society of Authott, lbe PubU&hm' AJiociatioa and even tbc CoYCmJl10Dt. hlvttricd - without much sw:cca ­to dnisc 1 l)'lltlllto cbock this abuac.

2A

You wW have obJCMd the aomcwhat llernly worded c:.tutlonary note on the back PI&• of BSBI Ntws. This not only safeguarda the conteniJ of the journal, bul protccu a.utbon ep.lnlt mllrep.-ntulon. Many or our contributors send In the ruuJIJ of preliminary obaemtiolll or ongolna rese.uclt. Th11 benefiu our members by keeping them lbreall or latest dewlopmeniS, but funlter work could result In the earlier pubti· cation needing cxtenaw rcviJion and no author would care to ace hls now out of date views copied In mother publication. Thus our EdJtor's pncllcc b to refer all requesu for reproduction to the author, who may wlalt to make altenotlons or eotn wlthold hls l"'""iuio'l aJtoscther.

Thus copyri&Jtu mey be valuable and ahould be taken aeriously. To troll them as unimponant is to dam~~Cothe whole community or authors.

NOTE. The main exceptions referred to a bow are: (I) Anyone employed by a llnn or lrutltution specifically to write (lenm, reports, etc.) automlllcaliy. by hls contract of employment (explicit or lmpHcit) tnnsfen the copyri&ht In thbee writinp to his employer. (2) The copyri&ht en any comminlontd phocosraph belonp to the peraon commissioning it and not to the photasnphor.

R.W.DAVID,SO HJ&hSeii, CAMBRIDCECBliNZ.

C£/USTIUM BIUCHYP£TALUMPERS. IooklnoiM ill W. Kent (VC 16)

The d!Jcowry In W. Kent in 1978 of this Cmttlum (blthcrto known only in Bedford· shire) was reported In Bulletin of the K.onc Field Club No. 24 p. 38. By the Jpring of 1982 a further elsJ!tlltes had been cUscowred In the LonBfleld area.

At first the supposition was that the epodes had been Introduced some ~ ago In connectlon with rallways as 1t was ~ten only In Iona enobllaltcd uaclaide V<!ge:llltion growing happily with nallve Jpeeles. lt was noticed ovor some yeon that the CtnUtfum was confined almost to the Inch to predJCiy the same Urnlted arcas.lt made no attempt eo spread Into adjacent areas of bare soU or on to the uack, or to colonise nelsJlbouring O..Jds. Even In thlJ habitat therefore the plant did not behave like an adventlve.

In May 1982 a different complexion wu placed on the affair, since several of the new locatiO Ill whicl• I found were in natunl chalk paaland. Here the species grows In profusion In clumps or Bromus ~r«IW. Some or thla graaland has been undlJturbed for at lwt 120 yean. Moreover since much of c.he graaland Is 11 a higher level than the sites ad)l.cent to nllwaya,, h 10ems likely that the plant hu spread from the fCKmcr to c.he latter. In areu Uke LonBfleld, only 20 mUes from London, virtually all the old JIUI!and left iudjacencco raUwaya.

Kent b clo10 to Europe where Cmmlum brachypctalum Is nadvc.lc Is not unreason· able to conjecture that we have In c.he l.onafleld area a relict populatJon of a species once mote prevalent when the natunl Sflaland was more wldotpread. Existing sites cover a dbtancc of about one mlle, and funher exploration on foot In the Longfield md adjacent areas may provide a fuller picture.

There hu been some difficulty In the Odd In determination below the spcdfic level In Une with the subrpecles 101 out ln Flon Europaea. The planu In the Kent colony are howcwr all eglandular and probably ldendc:al wlc.h c.hoac In Bedfordshire. J .R. PAL\IER, 19 Wattr MID Way, S. Oarcnth, DARTFORD, Kent DA4 9BB.

25

PLANT RECORDS T1!IJ Gnklt IU/MIIZ1Ua tltt l'llmt RtltDidJpub/UMd Ill k'auollir 14 (1}.1/,.~

by mtmbcn _, 11111Dtl<h, convibuJtd by dl/!emtlaulton.. eouJJ ,__ • tq11J.r fstvrt Ill BSBI Nr<~'L

AI uJUal, !be pl.un reconls pvc an imllfu Into m. dwlps oceurtqln l.bc 8nusb Flcn, and In ow bowltdJ< of 11. ~dlapa pride or ~ 011111t to 10 to roc:on!J or ' Red Data Book' sp<d a , of wblda tbcft IR two the wat.......,.. , EIMiM ~~~. found b)' a racm>ir In Dunbulon, and l')ldilotb, AJttr fnosyru, diocowrcd 011 • Um<Jtonc ~a <lilT In Pcmbrolcc Wldo nonarn

The &oldilocka record i5 one of se .. raJ inrerclllng Onda in Pcmbrokoahlrc, rndudlns oome of apocla wcU to the west of their predominantly EnaUJh distribution In Britain. The wayfaring ltr<O, Viburnum lantana, WIJ acen In acrub on Umcstonc IIU1lllrfa: sra• •ecchllna, /,~tth)ltuJ nlssol/4, by a dl.swed lllUway where ltiJ prqumably 1 A!«ttiii!Tivah and rh reo ICdJCS, CT«<fum trlll.riscul, Or,..,. app10pfnquata and C datD,aJI•pod•a f~und In fairly baac·rlch fcM. By conuut there la 1 0111 f!naUJh rea~td or m. prtdomlnantly Wd.sh manh occhld D«rylwhl:.J miiCVIIlflr aubJJ>, crmrbrtrub, found In 1963 by Mus Cratkla In a manh In S.E. Yotlaldn.

Othn cxtauiofts of raJliO lndwlc the On1 two roc:oniJ of the woodnah /.JI:JU6 /<mltrl In Brecon, aod rr- Mmofteth l'rnplto/JJ lllamr. !hut are alao utmslons wrst,.'2rdJ. PlantJ fou.nd towarda the 001tbcm ..Sac or thdr BritiJh ran,. Lnd.ucle Bttonictt offleiM/b In Sclldtk. abow 30 miles DOJth of the ¥Cry sharp boundary to the main dbulbulion of thls plant ;bnstlyox-tonauc,htfr«lrioifc:r,ln S. Horlhumberl.nd, whore lt hu nut bttn k<it for ol'er 100 yan: rcd.ffincd dock Rumex f4116U/ntvsand che or her pltdlloclu, RlllllnaJlw auril:omus, In woodland In H. Aberdctn : and from che far nollh the mCJII notthcdy Brftlsh r~cb or the blrd's-ocst orchid NtOIIUt In birch woodland and under b«ch uea in E. Sulherlmd. There arc Wo new rccorcll or two tpeeln nc>r the 10ulhcm ..s.., of tilde 11111•: dwuf comtl, Cltivrrupcrldyrrwrvm "'"*"m, In S. Honhumbedand and Aloptellfll.f alplnw, a specla with an ank dbulburlon, on The Chniot, oqr 50 mllea from Ita •tatlom In the Morfat hllb. Watru pocln S.V.nti or tbc more lntereJtlnc reeon1.t ase or aquatlesc lh.,. Include w 0111 A!Cletll COtnlJh tuonl of the hornwort Cmrtopltyllum dmrmum,a rue plant in S.W. EnJiand , U1 a rCICrvoir In v.c. I ; the Jtar·won Orl/urldu! ObiWII1fiU/4, ex.ctedlnJiy tile In Soorland, new to Dunballon where it WIJ found In a bum In rho ~ LDrnond HHR: Rupplo tpltalls In S.B. Yorbhhe and arlts northtmmostiOCIIIIty on the tall cout :and ,.,,.,_. ttton colorotw, rare in Walu and now found In Pombrokahlrc for the ..cond time. There 110 further reoorcll of lh• lntroducod aquatlea Elods fiiiDil/1, both from Suffolk and Brecon, Ltmnlll m/IUUOI/4 from S<trrey and Suaacx and NupMI «<rt1111, abo natur· aiiJcd In Surrey. The natl,.. wakr-lily N. prmul# was found m 1978 11 a second llll in E. Sutherland. Two local nwsh and wucnldc plmll .. .,.. alao found 11 ..,. dtu: plinple , ()lpmlslo,.... , ln M<rloMth and onn., foxull Alopcttmn "«/wlu, a pua wl*b boftat cm.tk IJIIUo.ppeoraaoe,u the Talybontltac:mllr In B-.

26

Flnd• amnna the <0111!1

Few bounlsu would rdilb the prospect of botanlsl~~& In conlferou. plantations, bur two new record• from Wales sugcst thot they may d<S<O'O more allentlon . Yellow bud'•ncst, Monotro/1<1 hypoplrys, wu found in 1980 In 1 dundand pine plJmWioo in Merloneth and Cq>Mlmlthoa lonti{o/14 in one of the NcwbofouaJt Forest plantations in Anal<~ey. h hu b«n JUgested that another o.rchld, £pif1'1(tb pllrpiiTDm, b spread in& *' it b bttcrcstlna to ~ee 1 new county record from N. Someact. Tbo wlnteiJICCD Pyrokl rorund/fofiiJ subsp. mDrilimz continues to be found in new orcu alona the Welsh coau: the latut record is from • dune sllclt '" Merionoth. Two COIItal species whloh are now tumln& up In Inland habitau are sand ~edse. Clm!% lffl:rlllrill, and 1e11 poo, Puccfntliia dfJt/IIU; the former is reponed from a raUway lint In Rod nor and the btter from a roadside verae in Surrey. Lona rlmt - no oee

The rediscovery or plants after long interv•b is •lways ruclnatlna. The loosest period between the lut record and the present rcdbeowry Is tlrnost 200 yun: Mr Medd's record of chaff weed. AffllllllUfS miniTM. lt Allenltorpo Common fJ the nut from S.E. Yorklhlre slnce the mld·l790's. Fumlllill azpr«JiJit/1 on wute ground at Castle Park, Warwlc.k fJ the Orst county record since 1831, althouah this, Uke the Rrntwenlieth century record for AnrhriSCJJ.S cauctllls In Merloneth ,ls presumably a recent Introduction. V<mnica IIIIIIJV/J{NZqrUJrkJI, water rpcedweU, Is reported from Euterneu for the first time since 1839 and the record of Umestone polypody, CymnociiTJlium roburflfJII.fm, presumably 1 colonlsl on 1 monared Will in S. Uncuhlrc, Is the llm since 1870. An undoubted native, I'Mu/IJ'drb lliblda, was detected In Brec.on for the nm lime since 1907 and Tli{oliwn 1iomoatum wu found at <imber CaJtlc 84 yrus 1ficr the bsJ Eul SUacx R«<ld wu made there. CD. PRESTON, ITE, Monks Wood £xptl Stat.lon, Abbots Ripton , HUNTINCDON, PE17 2l.S.

WILD SERVICE AND OTHER TR.EES FROM SEED In the lut two B.S.B.I. Nrws (Nos. 29 and 30) notes have appeared on raising WUd

Service Trees from seed and lt ~eems tit>t an Interesting anomaly hu b..,n discovered. Much moro lnfomtatlon mu.t still be obtained, but lt seems broadly u,.t If seed of Sorbus rormfnal/s ond many other trees is slriiUiled wllb one cold period in 1 tefrlgerator and then sown In the normal way I good percenta&e will aermlnatc quite quickly. I.e. durina llw. rua1 wann period. If, on the other hand, ~eed of the Jan1C species is sown in potr that are l<ln out or doors they normaUy need 1 cold-wann<old·"'lllm sequence before &crmlnotlna.l.o.two win ten buhe aoU.

If thfJ can be shown to be a cansis!Qt phenomenon, the explanation would Rem

to lie In 1 number or pooll'ble <&111CS. Seed In .,u could, for example, be inhibited from &enrunatina for • lonaer period, bw I think it more Ukely that the aovem!ns factor is the precise nature of the cold and worm spells. In S~mex, where I li•'f, winters are not very cold and pou arc subjected to ordy oc:cuiorlll and irrepar fr<Wna and one could hypothcslu tha.l ~eed needs a ccruln pedod below 1 eritlc:al temporature before the nt<:CIIIl)' cltcmlcal r:han&cs that .Uow germination talce place. ThlJ cold period could Lllce pbce in one atretd! as in refrJ&omed stratifiettion, or in a number of shorter cold spellsleadlnato germination after two wlnr.n. If this Is 1 cortectlnterprctoUon of the situation h has an Interesting bearing on the capability th11 different tree, and other

27

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plant, spedes have of rrpne1111in& in ow climate. Tbe W"dd Scnleo could, for example, &mninlte weD ancr a Iona cold winter more <ypical of a Continental dlmate .mile in Briuln, uadn lu prcxnt climatic rczjmo, IWO winun would 1'10f11lolly be required, la'O!Qa ..,.cl much more ~U~Cepllblc to predstion or clamofe. This cooJd clwly be 1ft

bnportlllt factor In the C'llf'I'Cftt ¥CtY low t-1 of natural n:.....,.liocl from seed or the Wild Scnlct in th!J counuy.

As mentioned abow much more lnformatlon and carefully conuolled experiment Is noodecl before we can be ecnain or me posldon. Ally relcnnl Information from readers would be .. luable, mcanwbllc anyone 10win1 tree -ell In pots outdoors ohould contlnue to remember to lan them cxpoted to aU watbiJrs Cot at leu1 two winters befOIC Bi¥101 Up - J haw had ICYcraJ pbnU BCmUnatC aflu thtee wJntel1,

PATRICK ROPBR. South Vlow,Sedlcscombe, BATI'Ul,Susscx.

A. PlrytoiJzr:m ~ @ J . Mc ~on t976

"!'BE BOMB CRATEil"

Wo could nOI compile an bsuc at BSBI NewJ futwln& Pbnt ContetY~tlon without rcnmtbtrlQI Tm LOUSLEY who was unstlrulna In the merl)' he dc'loled to this C&l*.

Tbb fOUib 4nwirr&. by tbe In• Ru Cnlwn on a PJ11t from a aote pad. com~~~~m­oata !M dq wilt11 Ted llld Ita. after ••od!lrt& at tht Cock lml, Fladlcy r!IJco,.red the ea- Box Hlll Crater. On .SCW... tbe per:ulu callcc110n of pbnu In it they wonc!cred If tht beer bad bem txta aoocf.

Rex .,11 the skttch to the l..ousley'odauabta,/lbrprtt,"'"-the captlonmentlonln& "your father".

Your fothu In the bomb Cllltcr,

D111wrt by Ru Cl'llltiml. rtry "'" - lt ,.,,.~ do,..~r

29

BOOK NOTES

In tht January p#l of ll'ano.U, Vol. 14 (3), it b hoped to lndlld< rf'i..,.., of llte fol· lowq books: 771• Floro of Arp~(F'OI'/ar. V.C 90}, by Ruth lnBrnn and Hcruy Nohic. 771• Hamlyn Guile ro Edible tmd /lftrfldMI Planu of Brirtrfn tmd Northmt &ro~.

by B. Laun<tl . On rho rr-a•ml~t~tkln of a hybrid Dlgltalls. by JS. Hemlow (18J 1), facdmUe edltlon. Rm'OiutlonruJ' Bomll)•. 7'luzLmloph.)'l4 'IVJd othu E=ys of A .IL Owrch. edited by

DJ. Mabb<tley. A St~>•tnttt:nth Cttlfury r7or~~ of Cumbria. William Nlcolson 's 01talogue of J'ftznll 1690.

Edited by E. Jean Wldttak<r. A Rn-lewnftllt Ct~rnlslr flnrtt/980 , by U. Margem and R.W. David. Tl~ Garden of Eden, by Jolm Prett . 7'he Flortl of Foula. by J .l•. B!rklw!r, S. 0<11!, D.L Hlrw.ksworlb lnd K.O. Messenger. LDrdund L«lltl. by C.T. Prime (reprint). R"'iJimr dtr Sdrtlon Coryllfolll (Cia11UI'fl Rubus. Rol«toe) In Sktutdlnlflllm mtd lm

twrdllrhen MlrrtlruroptJ, by H.E. Webu. The Trm tJf Britain •nd Nonhem Euro~. by A. Mhdrc!U. Pbll<n /Jent(fkutlonfor Btd:ctpm,by R. Sawytt. Rlt«Jp/ryttJ of the ll'orld. by c.t;.CJ. nn Src:mls. Thc Platu Clttlde, edited by D.F. Cudcr, ICL Alvrn and C.E. ~. 11'0<><1/and OnrJnTittlrm and M,.,..,.cm. by G. P<~<rkcn. The AlilntH:Dt)~trfoiU, by R.M.T. OJhlv<n md H.T. CUITord. Pbi"JW bM:yrlopcd/6 of l'itzntr, edlted by V Ji .. tleyv.·ood and S.R. Chant. fntrochrttlon to Ecolotll:al Bflxhtmhrry (td.1), by J.B. Ib.rbomo. ldentl/lcrzrlon o/ I!Jodtm ttm Tmltuy Woods, by A.C. Barefoot and F.W. lilnkull. Gtudet1 l'tlttttl •·llhtablt to Btdtupos, by the .lntert~~donal 9cc Reac11th Aaoc!arion. The Rochdtllt Flilrtl, by A. Manhall. Arlllro/thtKmr Fllllll , by E.G.I'hllp.

The iollowlns books have becn received recently. h Is hoped to review all or them In Wor~t~nla:

D/sco•trlngrlt• CtJullll')'lkl• w/rlt Davld Bdlamy - Coastal Walllr, And Woodland W•lkr (l vola.} edllrd by D. Bellamy.

Tile F'h>\l.!f:t(lltJ I'IDnrs 111td Fmu of AlltJitsey. by R.ll.. RobortL The Boolc of Nan1re Photor;rrzplry, by Heather Angel. Flonr EurofJ<Ito Clttt:lciiJt 11nd Olromomme lndtJt. by D.M. Moore, Allillomy of the AlotiOCtlty/trfotU, Vlf Htlobl« (Ailsml.tld4t}, by P.B. TomllnJOil.

The lnaou!na number of mcmben wbo tttvel each year In the tllmalaya will find Himosllt)'OIJ FloMYn and nm. by Dorothy Mluow and T .B. Shratha. of coruldetable lnmat. JU 210 ~ ot itt(tm11111n tlOI<S and 400 coloured plates (moslly of pianO and vcceutlon). protide a ~ry w..Cul sb!ldl o( thc l1ora of ~al. h b published by Sahi)'Oil Preu, Nepll (1978). and Is easy to obll!n In ~ and India, price Ra 100.00 ot US. SIO.OO;but, unfortwutdy,lt doesnollle'em to be on ule In !.he U.K.

30

Flnally, those many BS..B.I. membeR who"' int.,..u ext<nd 10 bfyopb)'I<S wlll be &fJd 1.0 learn lhal the Bntllob Bryolop:al Society hue rccon1ly publllobed Dlstrlb11110n of br}'<Jphyta In the Brliblr /Jia: a Cnuw Catalatrut ofthdr OCCJI'""'" In ,.,.,.,_ tDunrk:s. cdlled by M.F.V. Corley lNI M.O. l:lill. 11 a>nultu a lln of aD species, wb· spcdes and nrlctlcs occurrina Ill the area, tog«hc with an Index of B.B.S. dlsuibullon nupa and d tallonl of R«J~t tuCiftOmlc m!slmu and apecles •ddlllonal 10 th06C In the standaJd Flocu,lllld b avalllble (pdee 1:6.00 p051 fr .. ) from: Bl'itbb BryolosiCII Socltl)'. c/o Ooportm<nt of Botany, Nuion1l Museum of W1la. Can!lfi'CFI 3N1', WalcL N.K.B. ROBSON, Bottny Dep't, British Museum (Not . Hlst.), LONDON SW1 SBD.

APPEALS TH£ NORTH WALES NATURAUSfS TRUST

SESSILE OAK WOODLAND and FEM.ANDS APPEAL

Cotll ~llDnl Is a sessile oakwood neu Hllrlech of wldeb lho Nuuoo CotU<rvatlon 'Ro~ew ays "The prlndpallnterat of this wood Is the rkh and varied Atlanllc bryopllytc (130 specia) and lichen Oora. h providCJ 0"" or llle fineS! examples or lho laDIC of woodland bryophyte habltauln a watcm oan..od,md Is oflntcmallonallmponanoc.

TJrc Rklt·Fm I)'UtmJ of Atflluq t1nd tht Uqn Pminsui4.Thc dtes lnwlffil 1re a acrios or low~ calcoleous •allty (ens In whlcb ... ~ ... or rkh·fcn vqttltlon c:ommunltles oecur.Oftht lit..., main fmays~m~~ In the ttu,none b yet fully prol..,ted with symplllhetlc hydrOJoalcalliUIIJIC'tlltnl. The main prinury thmt COmH from land drainlgc, resultina in drylna out and ocidillcatioo o( the pc11wrface with c:onscquen1 undesirable clunaes ln the structure of the V<J<Wion.

The truu, wldch b appeallnJ (or £25,000, has Issued a mon lnformatl\'0 1Umu01ed lcaOet &Jvlna dc1olls or l.hc RCOiogy, vcgelltion ond name• or sptcles. Thlsls oblalntblc on r=lpl or S.A.E. from: THE API'I!ALSECRETARY. N. WALES NATS. TRUST, 134 High Suet~ , BANGOR, Gwynedd.

CHARLES DARWIN CENTENARY - KENT T.N.C. AI'I'RAL

Twenty yew •ao ihe Kent TruJt far Nature Coruervllllon bou&Jullro 17 acre Downe 8.rnk Ruerve (Darwln's "OrcldJ Bank"). To mark ihe centenary of the death of thb !!Jell nun who, for forty yem, made his home in Kent and completed mDA of biJ ODjor work there, the TIUJI b pad to IIIliWWlao tht purdwe of lhc adjoin In& Bluebdl Wood tor LS,OOO.

Owlcs Duwin dlod 100 YAIJ afl), OD 19th April, 1882, lltd bollobts need no rcmlnd.lna of the lmporttnee of hiJ wodc and wr1t1np. Th< dte b of nJUional and inwnatlonal hillorlc&l ond adcntiftc sli!Diftc2l)Ct lllld 1he Trus1 b appcallna for funds lo help in 111 purdwc.

Cheques should be made out to '1>awln Appeal - Bluebell Wood", and atnt 10:• Kent Trus1 for N1tu~Conservallon.l25 HJ&h Street , RAII'IHAM. Kent,

31

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CONTENTS LIST ADMIMIST1IA TlON ... ,...,or •btatpllo•.., 4lneo 4cltll ••••••.•••••••.••••••••••••••••• l

C»uKI -•ba-1 ltll · 1913 .. ............. , •...... .. •. .......••.•• , :2 Hotl. A .... • Scnurioo ......................................... l

H()t(. CD«.~ A& V'S ~ •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• J A__,IAillldoo .lt .... ............ , ... , •••••••• • .• , ........... 1 &.hlb. ol V- ................. , .......... , . ,. , ..... ) Lldlo• .. Cllatdoyri> • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • • • •• ftol-.s IJ (,o~ftbiJ t .. , • • • , , • , ... , , . , , . , .. , . , , , . , , , , • o o , , , , o , 4

,..,.,. 01_ ......... Elnu ••••••••• •••••••• ••••••••••••• •• • ••• •••• s a..EQlJESTS •••••••••••••••••••• 0 •• 0 ••••• 0 ••••••••••••••••••••• 6

Ambtoa. ....S ... nlod ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• • • • •••••... . 6 Ltltltyn.;l ptiiUitriJ. • • • ••••••••• , ••••• , • , • , ••••••••••• , •••• , • , , . 6

PROPILI! - I~oi. J.P.M. Ihtn&A ............................. . ..... .. . . 7 CONSBitv AT ION •••••••• • ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• . I

IISOI'•I'<IIkl' 1owuda P1&41 eo........., . ................ . . .. ........... . s Photbo Yu ................................................... 9 llt<--1'1-ure c.,. BSJI -=bm ............................. 10

IIOTlC£S .................................................. u .,..,_,. anol •.sat A-., . ............... ................... ... 11 o•n u. - rqrrfnt 0 • • • • • ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• u WloalooC!nlldiiiF.-...q.. ................ ....... ,, ... ,,,,,, ..• 11 a~~tb«t eo ... eo~ ... ........................................ 11

AUEICS .... ADVI!!tTI\IU .• • • ...... • • • ............ " • • • • • • • • • •••• ll Shoddy ..._ • • ....•.•••••.••••••••••••••••••• , •••••••••• ll s..v,. .. ~rfl>lltu- .......................................... 16

eo_...attan J6,... aco . .............................•........... 16 S4lriJ , /IU:IIll B rlula. . • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • , • • • • • • . • • 17

I'Jc>lr rlrllo.IJM aod V.rddw•becii.IJIW • ••••••• , ••••••••••••••• , , • , , • , , •• , 19 LEl"J'!I.S • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • .. • • • • • • • • • • • . . . . lO

Uti lt1t.fttl10ft by o u.. .. • .. • • • • • .. .. • • ••••••••••••••••••••••••••• lO ElM .. ~~. lt"""plpct . . . . . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . . 1'1 W'ha1 M you .... a bt "'C'•Uc1" .... ........................... .......... 22 Colllll•• --~- LOd L. -·· .................... . ll A 101eoo Cot>YiiJhl .. .. • .. .. .. • .. • ......................... lol Otw•61• ... ~ in.,. Kmt . . . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 1S

P1..AHT ll..l;;c:olt03 . • ••••••••••••••.••.•••••••••••••••••••••••• l6 Wld Set*• and olblt tJec.liom IDCid . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • ,.. 11 litE lOMB CI.ATE.Jl•. .. • • . • • ................................... ll ....... Ho... . . . . . . .. .. .. .. . . .. .. . .. . .. . .. . . . .. .. . . . . . . . lO AJ'PEA.U • • • • • • • • .. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • ) I

N . ..... N.I.IL. TI\IJII •••••• • •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• '' Clwln D .... Io - ltanTNC •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• • •• ll

Altaeud •--41 .,.lo/ISIIJ •~-..,....,_. .... , .• .._ .. ...,,.._ _ ... __ ,..._ ,_ .... ~ ,.,_. lliSHOJOee:JOXJit....elieloodb¥"'"--..votlllolritl:htllot.IEftwll .. ewe al,. tN la:' f("t ea....-.Md ,.,..,.,..,.. MiliOiii , w :·

n. Ho"- 0.. lee.. c)o ~ Dol>t, Brit ... - CNoo. lk.J, ~ - · .._ PnUD