BS625 Pentateuch Session 8: Moses: Part II Exodus 13:17 – 24:18

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Session 8:Session 8:

Moses: Part IIMoses: Part II

Exodus 13:17 – 24:18Exodus 13:17 – 24:18

Moses: Part IIMoses: Part IIConflict (Exod 1-13):Conflict (Exod 1-13):

The Israelites are numerous.The Israelites are numerous. There is a new Pharaoh who is There is a new Pharaoh who is ignorant of Israel’s heritage within ignorant of Israel’s heritage within

Egypt.Egypt. Egypt’s fear of being conquered leads Egypt’s fear of being conquered leads

to forced enslavement of the Hebrews.to forced enslavement of the Hebrews.

The Anticipated ResolutionThe Anticipated Resolution: : YHWH will YHWH will deliver Israel from bondage.deliver Israel from bondage.

Moses: Part IIMoses: Part II

Conflict: Slavery

Hero Character:

Moses

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Moses: Part IIMoses: Part IIExodus 13:17-22:Exodus 13:17-22:

17 When Pharaoh let the people go, God did 17 When Pharaoh let the people go, God did not lead them by way of the land of the not lead them by way of the land of the PhilistinesPhilistines, although that was nearer; for , although that was nearer; for God thought, “If the people face war, they God thought, “If the people face war, they may change their minds and return to may change their minds and return to Egypt.” 18 So God led the people by the Egypt.” 18 So God led the people by the roundabout way of the wilderness toward roundabout way of the wilderness toward the Red Sea. The Israelites went up out of the Red Sea. The Israelites went up out of the land of Egypt prepared for battle. 19 the land of Egypt prepared for battle. 19 And Moses took withAnd Moses took with


him the bones of Joseph who had required a him the bones of Joseph who had required a solemn oath of the Israelites, saying, “God solemn oath of the Israelites, saying, “God will surely take notice of you, and then you will surely take notice of you, and then you must carry my bones with you from here.” must carry my bones with you from here.” 20 They set out from Succoth, and camped 20 They set out from Succoth, and camped at Etham, on the edge of the wilderness. at Etham, on the edge of the wilderness. 21 The Lord went in front of them in a pillar 21 The Lord went in front of them in a pillar of cloud by day, to lead them along the of cloud by day, to lead them along the way, and in a pillar of fire by night, to give way, and in a pillar of fire by night, to give them light, so that theythem light, so that they


might travel by day and by night. 22 might travel by day and by night. 22 Neither the pillar of cloud by day nor Neither the pillar of cloud by day nor the pillar of fire by night left its place in the pillar of fire by night left its place in front of the people. front of the people.

Moses: Part IIMoses: Part IIConflict (Exod 1-13):Conflict (Exod 1-13):

The Israelites are numerous.The Israelites are numerous. There is a new Pharaoh who is There is a new Pharaoh who is ignorant of Israel’s heritage within ignorant of Israel’s heritage within

Egypt.Egypt. Egypt’s fear of being conquered leads Egypt’s fear of being conquered leads

to forced enslavement of the Hebrews.to forced enslavement of the Hebrews.

The ResolutionThe Resolution: : YHWH delivers Israel from YHWH delivers Israel from bondage—what now?bondage—what now?

Moses: Part IIMoses: Part IIExodus 14:Exodus 14:

1 Then the Lord said to Moses: 2 Tell the 1 Then the Lord said to Moses: 2 Tell the Israelites to turn back and camp in front of Israelites to turn back and camp in front of Pi-hahiroth, between Migdol and the sea, in Pi-hahiroth, between Migdol and the sea, in front of Baal-zephon; you shall camp front of Baal-zephon; you shall camp opposite it, by the sea. 3 Pharaoh will say opposite it, by the sea. 3 Pharaoh will say of the Israelites, ‘They are wandering of the Israelites, ‘They are wandering aimlessly in the land; the wilderness has aimlessly in the land; the wilderness has closed in on them.’ 4 closed in on them.’ 4 I will harden I will harden Pharaoh’s heartPharaoh’s heart, and he will pursue them, , and he will pursue them, so that I will gain glory for myself overso that I will gain glory for myself over


Pharaoh and all his army; and the Egyptians Pharaoh and all his army; and the Egyptians shall know that I am the Lord. And they did shall know that I am the Lord. And they did so. 5 When the king of Egypt was told that so. 5 When the king of Egypt was told that the people had fled, the minds of Pharaoh the people had fled, the minds of Pharaoh and his officials were changed toward the and his officials were changed toward the people, and they said, “What have we done, people, and they said, “What have we done, letting Israel leave our service?” 6 So he letting Israel leave our service?” 6 So he had his chariot made ready, and took his had his chariot made ready, and took his army with him; 7 he took six hundred army with him; 7 he took six hundred picked chariots and all thepicked chariots and all the


other chariots of Egypt with officers over other chariots of Egypt with officers over all of them. 8 all of them. 8 The Lord hardened the The Lord hardened the heart of Pharaoh king of Egyptheart of Pharaoh king of Egypt and and he pursued the Israelites, who were he pursued the Israelites, who were going out boldly. 9 The Egyptians going out boldly. 9 The Egyptians pursued them, all Pharaoh’s horses and pursued them, all Pharaoh’s horses and chariots, his chariot drivers and his army; chariots, his chariot drivers and his army; they overtook them camped by the sea, they overtook them camped by the sea, by Pi-hahiroth, in front of Baal-zephon. by Pi-hahiroth, in front of Baal-zephon.


10 As Pharaoh drew near, the Israelites 10 As Pharaoh drew near, the Israelites looked back, and there were the Egyptians looked back, and there were the Egyptians advancing on them. In great fear the advancing on them. In great fear the Israelites cried out to the Lord. 11 They Israelites cried out to the Lord. 11 They said to Moses, “Was it because there were said to Moses, “Was it because there were no graves in Egypt that you have taken us no graves in Egypt that you have taken us away to die in the wilderness? What have away to die in the wilderness? What have you done to us, bringing us out of Egypt? you done to us, bringing us out of Egypt? 12 Is this not the very thing we told you in 12 Is this not the very thing we told you in Egypt, ‘Let us alone and let us serve theEgypt, ‘Let us alone and let us serve the


Egyptians’? For it would have been better Egyptians’? For it would have been better for us to serve the Egyptians than to die for us to serve the Egyptians than to die in the wilderness.” 13 But Moses said to in the wilderness.” 13 But Moses said to the people, “Do not be afraid, stand firm, the people, “Do not be afraid, stand firm, and see the deliverance that the Lord will and see the deliverance that the Lord will accomplish for you today; for the accomplish for you today; for the Egyptians whom you see today you shall Egyptians whom you see today you shall never see again. 14 The Lord will fight never see again. 14 The Lord will fight for you, and you have only to keep still.” for you, and you have only to keep still.”


15 Then the Lord said to Moses, “Why do 15 Then the Lord said to Moses, “Why do you cry out to me? Tell the Israelites to go you cry out to me? Tell the Israelites to go forward. 16 But you lift up your staff, and forward. 16 But you lift up your staff, and stretch out your hand over the sea and stretch out your hand over the sea and divide it, that the Israelites may go into the divide it, that the Israelites may go into the sea on dry ground. 17 Then sea on dry ground. 17 Then I will harden I will harden the hearts of the Egyptiansthe hearts of the Egyptians so that they so that they will go in after them; and so I will gain glory will go in after them; and so I will gain glory for myself over Pharaoh and all his army, for myself over Pharaoh and all his army, his chariots, and hishis chariots, and his


chariot drivers. 18 And the Egyptians shall chariot drivers. 18 And the Egyptians shall know that I am the Lord, when I have know that I am the Lord, when I have gained glory for myself over Pharaoh, his gained glory for myself over Pharaoh, his chariots, and his chariot drivers.” 19 The chariots, and his chariot drivers.” 19 The angel of God who was going before the angel of God who was going before the Israelite army moved and went behind Israelite army moved and went behind them; and the pillar of cloud moved from in them; and the pillar of cloud moved from in front of them and took its place behind front of them and took its place behind them. 20 It came between the army of them. 20 It came between the army of Egypt and the army of Israel. And soEgypt and the army of Israel. And so


the cloud was there with the darkness, the cloud was there with the darkness, and it lit up the night; one did not come and it lit up the night; one did not come near the other all night. near the other all night.


21 Then Moses stretched out his hand over 21 Then Moses stretched out his hand over the sea. The Lord drove the sea back by a the sea. The Lord drove the sea back by a strong east wind all night, and turned the strong east wind all night, and turned the sea into dry land; and the waters were sea into dry land; and the waters were divided. 22 The Israelites went into the sea divided. 22 The Israelites went into the sea on dry ground, the waters forming a wall for on dry ground, the waters forming a wall for them on their right and on their left. 23 The them on their right and on their left. 23 The Egyptians pursued, and went into the sea Egyptians pursued, and went into the sea after them, all of Pharaoh’s horses, chariots, after them, all of Pharaoh’s horses, chariots, and chariot drivers. and chariot drivers.


24 At the morning watch the Lord in the 24 At the morning watch the Lord in the pillar of fire and cloud looked down upon pillar of fire and cloud looked down upon the Egyptian army, and threw the Egyptian the Egyptian army, and threw the Egyptian army into panic. 25 He clogged their army into panic. 25 He clogged their chariot wheels so that they turned with chariot wheels so that they turned with difficulty. The Egyptians said, “Let us flee difficulty. The Egyptians said, “Let us flee from the Israelites, for the Lord is fighting from the Israelites, for the Lord is fighting for them against Egypt.” 26 Then the Lord for them against Egypt.” 26 Then the Lord said to Moses, “Stretch out your hand over said to Moses, “Stretch out your hand over the sea, so that thethe sea, so that the


water may come back upon the Egyptians, water may come back upon the Egyptians, upon their chariots and chariot drivers.” 27 upon their chariots and chariot drivers.” 27 So Moses stretched out his hand over the So Moses stretched out his hand over the sea, and at dawn the sea returned to its sea, and at dawn the sea returned to its normal depth. As the Egyptians fled before normal depth. As the Egyptians fled before it, the Lord tossed the Egyptians into the it, the Lord tossed the Egyptians into the sea. 28 The waters returned and covered sea. 28 The waters returned and covered the chariots and the chariot drivers, the the chariots and the chariot drivers, the entire army of Pharaoh that had followed entire army of Pharaoh that had followed them into the sea; not one ofthem into the sea; not one of


them remained. 29 But the Israelites them remained. 29 But the Israelites walked on dry ground through the sea, the walked on dry ground through the sea, the waters forming a wall for them on their waters forming a wall for them on their right and on their left. 30 Thus the Lord right and on their left. 30 Thus the Lord saved Israel that day from the Egyptians; saved Israel that day from the Egyptians; and Israel saw the Egyptians dead on the and Israel saw the Egyptians dead on the seashore. 31 Israel saw the great work that seashore. 31 Israel saw the great work that the Lord did against the Egyptians. So the the Lord did against the Egyptians. So the people feared the Lord and believed in the people feared the Lord and believed in the Lord and in his servant Moses. Lord and in his servant Moses.

Moses: Part IIMoses: Part IIExodus 15 – 17Exodus 15 – 17: YHWH provides : YHWH provides physical sustenance to the children of physical sustenance to the children of IsraelIsrael

Exodus 18Exodus 18: Moses serves as “judge” : Moses serves as “judge” for the children of Israelfor the children of Israel

Exodus 19Exodus 19: YHWH and Moses face-to-: YHWH and Moses face-to-face on Mt. Sinaiface on Mt. Sinai

Moses: Part IIMoses: Part IIMoses and the Israelites:Moses and the Israelites:

Exodus 14:11-12Exodus 14:11-12: They said to Moses, “Was it : They said to Moses, “Was it because there were no graves in Egypt that you because there were no graves in Egypt that you have taken us away to die in the wilderness? have taken us away to die in the wilderness? What have you done to us, bringing us out of What have you done to us, bringing us out of Egypt? Is this not the very thing we told you in Egypt? Is this not the very thing we told you in Egypt, ‘Let us alone and let us serve the Egypt, ‘Let us alone and let us serve the Egyptians’? For it would have been better for us Egyptians’? For it would have been better for us to serve the Egyptians than to die in the to serve the Egyptians than to die in the wilderness.” wilderness.”

Exodus 15:24Exodus 15:24: And the people complained : And the people complained against Moses saying, “What shall we drink?”against Moses saying, “What shall we drink?”


Exodus 16:2-3Exodus 16:2-3: The whole congregation of : The whole congregation of the Israelites complained against Moses and the Israelites complained against Moses and Aaron in the wilderness. The Israelites said Aaron in the wilderness. The Israelites said to them, “If only we had died by the hand of to them, “If only we had died by the hand of the Lord in the land of Egypt, when we sat the Lord in the land of Egypt, when we sat by the fleshpots and ate our fill of bread; for by the fleshpots and ate our fill of bread; for you have brought us out into this wilderness you have brought us out into this wilderness to kill this whole assembly with hunger.” to kill this whole assembly with hunger.”

Exodus 17:2Exodus 17:2: The people quarreled with : The people quarreled with Moses and said, “Give us water to drink?”Moses and said, “Give us water to drink?”


Exodus 17:3Exodus 17:3: The people thirsted there : The people thirsted there for water; and the people complained for water; and the people complained against Moses and said, “Why did you against Moses and said, “Why did you bring us out of Egypt, to kill us and our bring us out of Egypt, to kill us and our children and livestock with thirst?”children and livestock with thirst?”






Exodus 19Exodus 19: YHWH and Moses face-to-: YHWH and Moses face-to-face on Mt. Sinaiface on Mt. Sinai


1 Then God spoke all these words: 1 Then God spoke all these words:

2 I am the Lord your God, who brought 2 I am the Lord your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the you out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of slavery; 3 you shall have no house of slavery; 3 you shall have no

other gods before me.other gods before me.


4 You shall not make for yourself an idol, 4 You shall not make for yourself an idol, whether in the form of anything that is in whether in the form of anything that is in

heaven above, or that is on the earth beneath, heaven above, or that is on the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth. 5 You or that is in the water under the earth. 5 You shall not bow down to them or worship them; shall not bow down to them or worship them;

for I the Lord your God am a jealous God, for I the Lord your God am a jealous God, punishing children for the iniquity of parents, to punishing children for the iniquity of parents, to

the third and the fourth generation of those the third and the fourth generation of those who reject me, 6but showing steadfast love to who reject me, 6but showing steadfast love to the thousandth generation of those who love the thousandth generation of those who love

me and keep my commandments. me and keep my commandments.


7 You shall not make wrongful use of the 7 You shall not make wrongful use of the name of the Lord your God, for the Lord name of the Lord your God, for the Lord will not acquit anyone who misuses his will not acquit anyone who misuses his

name. name.


8 Remember the sabbath day, and keep it holy. 8 Remember the sabbath day, and keep it holy. 9 Six days you shall labor and do all your work. 9 Six days you shall labor and do all your work. 10 But the seventh day is a sabbath to the Lord 10 But the seventh day is a sabbath to the Lord your God; you shall not do any work—you, your your God; you shall not do any work—you, your

son or your daughter, your male or female son or your daughter, your male or female slave, your livestock, or the alien resident in slave, your livestock, or the alien resident in your towns. 11 For in six days the Lord made your towns. 11 For in six days the Lord made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that is in heaven and earth, the sea, and all that is in

them, but rested the seventh day; therefore the them, but rested the seventh day; therefore the Lord blessed the sabbath day and consecrated Lord blessed the sabbath day and consecrated

it. it.


12Honor your father and your mother, so 12Honor your father and your mother, so that your days may be long in the land that your days may be long in the land that the Lord your God is giving you. that the Lord your God is giving you.

13You shall not murder. 13You shall not murder.

14You shall not commit adultery. 14You shall not commit adultery.

15You shall not steal. 15You shall not steal.

16You shall not bear false witness against 16You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor. your neighbor.


17 You shall not covet your neighbor’s 17 You shall not covet your neighbor’s house; you shall not covet your neighbor’s house; you shall not covet your neighbor’s

wife, or male or female slave, or ox, or wife, or male or female slave, or ox, or donkey, or anything that belongs to your donkey, or anything that belongs to your

neighbor. neighbor.


18 When all the people witnessed the thunder 18 When all the people witnessed the thunder and lightning, the sound of the trumpet, and the and lightning, the sound of the trumpet, and the mountain smoking, they were afraid and mountain smoking, they were afraid and trembled and stood at a distance, 19 and said to trembled and stood at a distance, 19 and said to Moses, “You speak to us, and we will listen; but Moses, “You speak to us, and we will listen; but do not let God speak to us, or we will die.” 20 do not let God speak to us, or we will die.” 20 Moses said to the people, “Do not be afraid; for Moses said to the people, “Do not be afraid; for God has come only to test you and to put the fear God has come only to test you and to put the fear of him upon you so that you do not sin.” 21Then of him upon you so that you do not sin.” 21Then the people stood at a distance, while Moses drew the people stood at a distance, while Moses drew nearnear


to the thick darkness where God was. 22 The to the thick darkness where God was. 22 The Lord said to Moses: Thus you shall say to the Lord said to Moses: Thus you shall say to the Israelites: “You have seen for yourselves that I Israelites: “You have seen for yourselves that I spoke with you from heaven. 23 You shall not spoke with you from heaven. 23 You shall not make gods of silver alongside me, nor shall you make gods of silver alongside me, nor shall you make for yourselves gods of gold. 24 You need make for yourselves gods of gold. 24 You need make for me only an altar of earth and sacrifice make for me only an altar of earth and sacrifice on it your burnt offerings and your offerings of on it your burnt offerings and your offerings of well-being, your sheep and your oxen; in every well-being, your sheep and your oxen; in every place where I cause my name to be place where I cause my name to be remembered I willremembered I will


come to you and bless you. 25 But if you come to you and bless you. 25 But if you make for me an altar of stone, do not make for me an altar of stone, do not build it of hewn stones; for if you use a build it of hewn stones; for if you use a chisel upon it you profane it. 26 You shall chisel upon it you profane it. 26 You shall not go up by steps to my altar, so that not go up by steps to my altar, so that your nakedness may not be exposed on your nakedness may not be exposed on it.” it.”

Moses: Part IIMoses: Part IIExodus 21 – 23: (44 Ordinances)Exodus 21 – 23: (44 Ordinances)

Each individual ordinance is connected to Each individual ordinance is connected to one of the Ten Commandments. The one of the Ten Commandments. The

Decalogue is the “skeleton” upon which Decalogue is the “skeleton” upon which these lesser parts hang.these lesser parts hang.


1 Then he said to Moses, “Come up to the 1 Then he said to Moses, “Come up to the Lord, you and Aaron, Nadab, and Abihu, and Lord, you and Aaron, Nadab, and Abihu, and seventy of the elders of Israel, and worship seventy of the elders of Israel, and worship at a distance. 2 Moses alone shall come at a distance. 2 Moses alone shall come near the Lord; but the others shall not come near the Lord; but the others shall not come near, and the people shall not come up with near, and the people shall not come up with him.” 3 Moses came and told the people all him.” 3 Moses came and told the people all the words of the Lord and all the the words of the Lord and all the ordinances; and all the people answered ordinances; and all the people answered with one voice, and said, “Allwith one voice, and said, “All


the words that the Lord has spoken we will the words that the Lord has spoken we will do.” 4 And Moses wrote down all the words do.” 4 And Moses wrote down all the words of the Lord. He rose early in the morning, of the Lord. He rose early in the morning, and built an altar at the foot of the and built an altar at the foot of the mountain, and set up twelve pillars, mountain, and set up twelve pillars, corresponding to the twelve tribes of Israel. corresponding to the twelve tribes of Israel. 5 He sent young men of the people of 5 He sent young men of the people of Israel, who offered burnt offerings and Israel, who offered burnt offerings and sacrificed oxen as offerings of well-being to sacrificed oxen as offerings of well-being to the Lord. 6 Moses took half ofthe Lord. 6 Moses took half of


the blood and put it in basins, and half of the blood and put it in basins, and half of the blood he dashed against the altar. 7 the blood he dashed against the altar. 7 Then he took the book of the covenant, and Then he took the book of the covenant, and read it in the hearing of the people; and read it in the hearing of the people; and they said, “All that the Lord has spoken we they said, “All that the Lord has spoken we will do, and we will be obedient.” 8 Moses will do, and we will be obedient.” 8 Moses took the blood and dashed it on the people, took the blood and dashed it on the people, and said, “See the blood of the covenant and said, “See the blood of the covenant that the Lord has made with you in that the Lord has made with you in accordance with all these words.”accordance with all these words.”


9 Then Moses and Aaron, Nadab, and 9 Then Moses and Aaron, Nadab, and Abihu, and seventy of the elders of Israel Abihu, and seventy of the elders of Israel went up, 10 and they saw the God of Israel. went up, 10 and they saw the God of Israel. Under his feet there was something like a Under his feet there was something like a pavement of sapphire stone, like the very pavement of sapphire stone, like the very heaven for clearness. 11 God did not lay his heaven for clearness. 11 God did not lay his hand on the chief men of the people of hand on the chief men of the people of Israel; also they beheld God, and they ate Israel; also they beheld God, and they ate and drank. 12 The Lord said to Moses, and drank. 12 The Lord said to Moses, “Come up to me on the“Come up to me on the


mountain, and wait there; and I will give mountain, and wait there; and I will give you the tablets of stone, with the law and you the tablets of stone, with the law and the commandment, which I have written the commandment, which I have written for their instruction.” 13 So Moses set out for their instruction.” 13 So Moses set out with his assistant Joshua, and Moses went with his assistant Joshua, and Moses went up into the mountain of God. 14 To the up into the mountain of God. 14 To the elders he had said, “Wait here for us, until elders he had said, “Wait here for us, until we come to you again; for Aaron and Hur we come to you again; for Aaron and Hur are with you; whoever has a dispute may are with you; whoever has a dispute may go to them.”go to them.”


15 Then Moses went up on the mountain, 15 Then Moses went up on the mountain, and the cloud covered the mountain. 16 and the cloud covered the mountain. 16 The glory of the Lord settled on Mount The glory of the Lord settled on Mount Sinai, and the cloud covered it for six days; Sinai, and the cloud covered it for six days; on the seventh day he called to Moses out on the seventh day he called to Moses out of the cloud. 17 Now the appearance of the of the cloud. 17 Now the appearance of the glory of the Lord was like a devouring fire glory of the Lord was like a devouring fire on the top of the mountain in the sight of on the top of the mountain in the sight of the people of Israel. 18 Moses entered the the people of Israel. 18 Moses entered the cloud, and went up oncloud, and went up on


the mountain. Moses was on the the mountain. Moses was on the mountain for forty days and forty mountain for forty days and forty nights. nights.

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BS625 Pentateuch Session 8: Moses: Part II Exodus 13:17 – 24:18