MIDDLE EAST TECHNICAL UNIVERSITYDEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE / BUILDING SCIENCE PROGRAM

BS 536STUDIES ON TALL BUILDINGS: DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS

Fall 2010-2011

Case Study: O-14by

Seda Karabulut

Submitted to: Assoc.Prof.Dr. Mehmet Halis GünelArch. H.Emre Ilg n (MSc.)

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mitted to: Assoc

BS536PROGRAM

36GS: DESIGN CONSID010-2011

y: O-14

STRUCTURAL HEIGHT / STORIES : 106 m/ 24 (Ref. 3)STATUS : CompletedCONSTRUCTION END: Fall 2010CONTRACTOR : Dubai Contracting Company (Ref. 3)STRUCTURAL SYSTEM :

Folded Exoskeleton (Ref. 1)Diagrid Concrete Exterior Structure (Ref: 6)Diagrid Trussed Tube (Ref. 8)

OWNER / DEVELOPER: Creekside Development Corporation ARCHITECTS: Reiser + Umemoto RUR Architecture P.C. STRUCTURAL ENGINEER: Ysrael A Seinuk PC TOTAL AREA: 15,852 sq.m (Ref. 3)BUILDING FOOTPRINT: 557 m² (typical Office Floor) (Ref. 7)ELEVATORS: 3+1 Servicelift (Ref. 7)

The aspect ratio106/37=3.50The NFA/GFA=620/757=0.819

O-14 TOWER, Dubai, United Arab Emirates

Case Study: O-14 by Seda KarabulutSubmitted to: Günel, Ilg n – Fall 2010

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Creekside Developmenr + Umemoto RUR Architec

L ENGINEER: Ysrael A Seinuk PREA: 852 sq.m (Ref

LDING FOOTPRI 557 m² (ATORS: 3+1 Servicel

The aspect ratio1The NFA/G

BSat

36THE LOCATION OF THE BUILDING

The O-14 tower is;On the Business Bay in Dubai,on the waterfront esplanade.

(Ref. 1).METUM

ness Bay in Dubawaterfront esplanade.

(Ref. 1).

536 THE LOCAT ON OF THE BUILDING

The tower generated an extraordinary international interest, as it’s among the very first innovative designs in Dubai’s current building boom. (Ref. 1)Me tower generated anas it’s among the v(Ref. 1)

536

ARCHITECTURAL EXPRESSION

Modern concept of FunctionalismStructural Expressionism_”Matter-Force” arrangement(Ref. 1)

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n concept of Functionatructural Expressionism_”Matef. 1)

BS536TOWER ISOMETRIC_UPPER FLOORS

(Ref. 4)METM

36THIRD FLOOR_ISOMETRIC

(Ref. 4)

FIRST AND SECOND FLOOR_ISOMETRIC

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BS536IRST AND IRS

GROUND FLOOR_ISOMETRIC

(Ref. 4)

BASEMENT FLOOR_ISOMETRIC

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THE EXOSKELETON

The concrete perforated structural exoskeleton;-frees the core from burden of lateral forces -allows the column-free office space -acts as a sunscreen-has 1326 openings in different sizes in a random pattern-is used for both gravity and lateral forces

The core is minimized for only;-vertical loading, utilities, transportation(Ref. 1)

CHIMNEY EFFECT

This passive solar technique is a natural component of the cooling system of O-14,

reducing energy consumption and costs by more than% 30.

(Ref: Ctbuh journal, Reiser&Umemoto, 2010 issue III)

Drawn by Seda Karabulut (Ref. 1)METU

Merforated structural exoskeleton;

core from burden of latews the column-free office space

as a sunscreen-has 1326 openings in differe-is used for both gravity

The core is minimize-vertical loading

Ref.

BS5366FECT THE PATTERN

Guasi-diagonal grid patterns are reinforced accordingly to address shear stresses.

25 mm diameter bars in largest openings16 mm diameter bars in the smallest openings.

Shell modulates according to;-Structural Requirements-Views, Sun Exposure, Luminosity5 different types of openings based on their sizes. The smallest opening diameter is 1.4m and

the longest opening diameter is 8.3 m The overall void ratio created by openings

is approximately %45.

(Ref. 1)METM

-diagonal grid patternsaddress shear stresse

25 mm diameter ba16 mm diamete

ETU minosityenings based on their sizes

ning diameter is 1.4m andopening diameter is 8.3 m

ll void ratio created by oapproximately %45

Ref. 1

BS536 THE PATTERN

The pattern design is a combination of, - capillary branching field - gradients of vertical articulation- opacity-environmental effects-a structural field-a turbulence fieldwhich are not solely programmatic, economic and environmentally related.(Ref. 1)

(Ref. 7)

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field rtical articula

onmental effectsructural fieldrbulence fiel

which are not solely p(Ref. 1)

36 SLAB CONNECTION TO EXTERIOR WALL

(Ref. 1)MEM

536

O-14 stress diagram is analyzed with a collaboration between the architect and the engineer based on a feedback system. Gravity and lateral forces are applied to identify stresses in the elements between the openings. (Ref. 1)

O-14 SHELL STRESS DIAGRAM

M4 stress diagram is aned on a feedback sy

Gravity and lateral(Ref. 1)

S536 PLAN

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S536 CONNECTIONS BETWEEN SHELL AND SLABS AND GLASS

(Photos:www.skyscrapercity.com)

MMMETU BS53536 The exterior shell is picked up by a 1.20 m deep ring beam following the irregular outline of the wall.

The ground floor slab transfers lateral forces to the basement core shear walls and additional shear walls.

Underground parking is also of flat plate with the garage columns spaced approximately 6 to 7,5 m apart.

The fourth basement level acts as a pressure slab with thickness varying from 1 to 1,8 m.

Building support is comprised of drilled cast-in-place-piles.

(Ref. 1)

THE SECTION

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withly 6 to 7,5 m apa

t level acts as a pressure slying from 1 to 1,8

ing support is comprised of d

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BS536walls

rage

ELEVATIONS

(Ref. 7)MEM

36 PERSPECTIVE

Drawn by Seda Karabulut (Ref. 1)MDrawn by Seda Ka(Ref. 1)

BS536 PERSPECTIVE

Drawn by Seda Karabulut (Ref. 1)

MBS536

Step 1: polystyrene void forms in the rebar

CONCRETE CASTING SYSTEM

Step 2: casting a floor

Step 3: movement of the scaffolding

Overview of the process (Ref. 7)MMMETU ar

Step 2: casting

BS536Step 3: mov

NIGHT VIEWS

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BS536 PODIUM AND INTERIOR

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BS536 PODIUM AND INTERIOR

MEMETU BS536 CEILING PHOTOGRAPHS

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BS536

References

1- Reiser J., Umemoto N., Ocampo J., ‘Case Study: O-14 Folded Exoskeleton’, CTBUH Journal 2010 Issue III.

2- Ocampo J., ‘O-14 Elegant Rhythms in Concrete’, Structure Magazine, Jan 2010.3- CTBUH, www.ctbuh.org, ‘O-14’.4- Architecture News Plus, www.architecturenewsplus.com/projects/533, ‘O-14’.5- Concrete Technology Today, ‘O-14’, 2008 Issue.6- Ali M., Moon K.S., ‘Structural Developments in Tall Buildings: Current Trends and Future Prospects’, Architectural Science Review, Vol 50-3, 2007.7- Design Magazine for Middle East and Nort Africa, http://desmena.com/?p=170, ‘O-14’.8- Gunel M.H., Ilgin H.E., ‘Yüksek Binalar: Ta y c Sistem ve Aerodinamik Form’, ODTÜ Mimarl k Fakültesi Bas m li i – METU Faculty of Architecture Press, 2010.METMETU

4’.lus, www.archit

nology Today 4’, on K.S., ‘Structural Develo

ure Pro ArchitecturaDesign Magazine for Mid14’.

8- Gunel M.H., Ilgin ODTÜ Mimarl k

BS536e Study: O-14 Folded Exos

Concrete’, Structure

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