BRT - Introduction to Research3

7/30/2019 BRT - Introduction to Research3

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Introduction to Research
http://www.google.com.ph/imgres?imgurl=http://boundless.typepad.com/.a/6a00d83451c4ae69e20115709d0523970c-400wi&imgrefurl=http://www.boundlessline.org/2009/06/im-here-papa.html&usg=__V9VnAo_O7VLdr9-0-FOW0CyGTPw=&h=300&w=400&sz=42&hl=tl&start=100&zoom=0&um=1&itbs=1&tbnid=YFP576OHo7eYjM:&tbnh=93&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dpictures%2Bof%2Bperson%2Bdoing%2Bresearch%26start%3D80%26um%3D1%26hl%3Dtl%26sa%3DN%26rlz%3D1T4ADSA_enPH344PH346%26ndsp%3D20%26tbs%3Disch:1http://www.google.com.ph/imgres?imgurl=http://americancorner.hu/userfiles/Image/research.jpg&imgrefurl=http://americancorner.hu/htmls/research.html&usg=__TggDtirBiAKUXAEXsbjdwHvIcMw=&h=800&w=659&sz=211&hl=tl&start=92&zoom=1&um=1&itbs=1&tbnid=mVGy_CnB2sDZrM:&tbnh=143&tbnw=118&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dpictures%2Bof%2Bperson%2Bdoing%2Bresearch%26start%3D80%26um%3D1%26hl%3Dtl%26sa%3DN%26rlz%3D1T4ADSA_enPH344PH346%26ndsp%3D20%26tbs%3Disch:1http://www.google.com.ph/imgres?imgurl=http://cache1.asset-cache.net/xc/83120032.jpg%3Fv%3D1%26c%3DIWSAsset%26k%3D2%26d%3DF1683185B4CC7809882EE265452C797DEC00FF2C2B8FAEBA85593686DC5F11FA&imgrefurl=http://www.gettyimages.com/detail/83120032/Lifesize&usg=__WSEQVjLFLoqW9wGhpQquHfdzG1I=&h=338&w=506&sz=41&hl=tl&start=63&zoom=1&um=1&itbs=1&tbnid=WDeqovyy99T48M:&tbnh=88&tbnw=131&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dpictures%2Bof%2Bperson%2Bdoing%2Bresearch%26start%3D60%26um%3D1%26hl%3Dtl%26sa%3DN%26rlz%3D1T4ADSA_enPH344PH346%26ndsp%3D20%26tbs%3Disch:1http://www.google.com.ph/imgres?imgurl=http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_RxvMzQVL8r0/S85Md5OwzCI/AAAAAAAAAAU/J85WhAmVBos/s1600/Benthic.bmp&imgrefurl=http://clemsonconservation.blogspot.com/&usg=__zb6m_pRtHmCidkI-vupcjpMDAtE=&h=540&w=720&sz=92&hl=tl&start=61&zoom=1&um=1&itbs=1&tbnid=eSD-zgH19ytwMM:&tbnh=105&tbnw=140&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dpictures%2Bof%2Bperson%2Bdoing%2Bresearch%26start%3D60%26um%3D1%26hl%3Dtl%26sa%3DN%26rlz%3D1T4ADSA_enPH344PH346%26ndsp%3D20%26tbs%3Disch:1


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The Business Research Process: 11 Steps

Step One: Establishing the Need for BusinessResearch

Step Two: Defining the Problem

Step Three: Establishing Research Objectives

Step Fou r: Determining Research Design

Step Five: Identifying Information Types and

Sources Step Six: Determining Methods of Accessing

Data


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The Business Research Process: 11 Steps cont

Step Seven: Designing Data Collection Forms

Step Eigh t: Determining Sample Plan and Size

Step Nine: Collecting Data

Step Ten: Analyzing Data

Step Eleven: Preparing and Presenting the Final

Research Report


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The Business Research ProcessStep Eight: Determine Sample Plan and Size

Sample plan:refers to the process used to selectunits from the population to be included in thesample

Sample size: refers to determining how manyelements of the population should be included inthe sample


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The Business Research ProcessStep Nine: Collect Data

Data col lect ion is very important

because, regardless of the data

analys is methods used, data analys is

cannotfixbad data.

Nonsampl ing errors may occur du r ing

data col lect ion .Did I

collect

reliabledata?


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The Business Research ProcessStep Ten: Analyze Data

Data analysis: involves entering data intocomputer files, inspecting data for errors, and

running tabulations and various statistical tests

Data cleaning:process by which raw data arechecked to verify that the data have beencorrectly inputted from the data collection form tothe computer software program


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The Business Research ProcessStep Eleven: Prepare and Present the Final Research

Report

The last s tep is one of the most important phases

of business research.

Its im po rtance cannot be overstated because i t isthe report, or i ts presentat ion, that properly

commun icates the resul ts to the cl ient .


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Managing Time and Tasks

Setting priorities

Consider the relationship between research tasks

(i.e being in the lab or field) and writing

Understanding appropriate length for

the writing task

Consider other constraints

Finding the right time and place

Clearing the space

Mental momentum (Discipline!!!)

Managing supervision

Writing should be a big part of this!!


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Steps in Conducting a Research

Identification of a Research Problem

Formulation of Research Hypothesis and Objectives

Development of the Theoretical/Conceptual

Framework


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Designing the Research Methodology

Developing the instruments for collecting the data

Data Collection


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Analysis and Interpretation of Data

Determining implications and conclusions from thefindings

Making recommendations for further research


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The Research ProcessA. Development of a Research Problem

Problem

a felt need, a question thrown forward forsolution

a deviation between what is known and what is

desired to be known


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Sources of a Problem Theory Pastresearches

Theses,dissertations,andabstracts Authoritativestatements,critiques,orsummariesoftheresearchaccomplishmentswhichincludeevaluationsoftheresultsreported,

techniquesemployed,andthesuggestionsforfurtherresearch Discussionofcurrenttrends


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Development of a ResearchProblem

The following situations may manifest a problem:

1. When there is an absence of information resultingin a gap in our knowledge

2. When there are contradictory results

Re-examining the Relationship between Stock

Prices and Dividends: Evidence Based on

Panel Data Investigation

3 When a fact exists and you intend to make yourstudy explain it.


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Factors to Consider in Selectinga Problem1. Need usefulnessandtheurgencyofneed

Itdependson:

a)Importanceoftheproblem

b)Timeliness

c)Researchesalreadyperformed


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Factors to Consider in Selecting aProblem2.Availability of resourcesa)Personnel

b)Information

c)Equipmentandofficesupplies

d)Financing

3.Other considerationsa)Scopeoftheproblemb)Typeofcommodity/subjectmatter

c)Timeavailable


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Characteristics of a GoodProblem Thetopicshouldbeofinteresttotheresearcher

Itshouldbeusefultotheconcernedpeopleinparticular

Itpossessesnovelty

Itshouldbemanageableandcanbefeasiblyundertaken

Itshouldinvitemorecomplexdesigning

Itshouldnotcarryethicalormoralimpediments


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Sharpening Skills for Discovering andIdentifying a Problem Readingalotofliteratureinyourfieldofconcentrationandbeingcriticalofwhatyouread

Attendingprofessionallectures

Beingcloseobservantofsituationsandhappeningsaroundyou

Thinkingoutthepossibilityofresearchformosttopicsorlessonstakenincontentcourses


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Sharpening Skills for Discovering andIdentifying a Problem

Attendingresearchcolloquiaorseminars

Inquirefrompractitionersandprofessionals

Askrecognizedacademiciansconductingmini-

researchesandnotingtheobtainedfindingsclosely

Compilingresearcheswithspecialemphasisoncontent

andmethodology


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Sharpening Skills for Discovering andIdentifying a ProblemVisitingvariouslibrariesforpossiblediscoveryofresearchabletopics

Subscribingtojournals

Buildingupalibraryofmaterialsinyourfield

Surftheinternet


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Theresearchproblemmustbechosenbytheresearcherhimselfandmustbewithinhisinterestandspecialization

Mustbewithintheabilityoftheresearchertofinance

Researchable and manageable Dataareavailableandaccessible

Datamustmeetthestandardsofaccuracy,objectivity,andverifiability

Guidelines in the Selection of aResearch Problem or Topic


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Guidelines in the Selection of aResearch Problem or Topic Thehypothesesformulatedaretestable

Equipmentandinstrumentsforresearchare

availableandcangivevalidandreliableresults

It can be completed within a reasonable period oftime

Itissignificant,important,andrelevanttothepresenttimeandsituation

Theresultsarepracticalandimplementable


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Itcanbedelimitedtosuittheresourcesoftheresearcherbutlargeenoughtobeabletogivesignificant,valid,andreliable

resultsandgeneralizations

Itmustcontributetothefundofhumanknowledge

Itmustcontributetothenationaldevelopmentgoalsfortheimprovementofthequalityofhumanlife

Guidelines in the Selection of a ResearchProblem or Topic


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Guidelines in the Selection of aResearch Problem or Topic Theremustbeareturnofsomekindtothe

researcheriftheresearchreportiscompleted:

Monetary

Advancementofposition/promotion

Improvedspecialization,competence,and

skillinprofessionalwork


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Guidelines in the Selection of aResearch Problem or Topic Enhancedprestigeandreputation;and

Satisfactionofintellectualcuriosityandinterestandbeingabletodiscovertruth

Theremustbeaconsiderationofthe

hazardsinvolved,eitherphysical,social,orlegalimpediments


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Guidelines in Writing the Title It must be as brief and concise as possible

It must be free of value judgment

It must contain the subject matter of thestudy, the locale of the study, the population

involved, and the period when the data willbe gathered


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Guidelines in Writing the TitleTherelationshipsamongthevariablesandthe

targetpopulationshouldbeindicatedinthetitle

AvoidusingthetermsAnAnalysisof,AStudy

of,AnInvestigationof,AnInquiryInto,An

ExperimentalInvestigationof

Itmustbewrittenlikeaninvertedpyramid,all

wordsincapitalletters


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Research TitlesExamples of Improved Titles:

From:AnAnalysisoftheEffectsofExternalLaborFlexibilityonFast-FoodChainWorkersin

MetroManila

To:EffectsofExternalLaborFlexibilityontheEmploymentConditionofWorkersin

SelectedFast-FoodChainsinMetroManila


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Research TitlesFrom:MembershiptoLaborUnioninGarment

CompaniesatEPZA,Cavite

To:RelationshipBetweenMembershiptoLabor

UnionandJobSatisfactioninGarment

CompaniesattheEconomicProcessing

ZoneAuthorityinRosario,Cavite


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Research TitlesExamplesoftoobroad,notveryclear,ordonotreflectthemainthemeoftheproposedstudy

SurveyofProduction,MarketDemand,Marketing,andMarketingProblemsoftheLeading

TelecommunicationCompaniesinthePhilippines

StudyofSelectedConsumerGoodsinRegionIV


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Research Titles Empirical Study of the Cross-Sectional Returns and Interaction

Term Effects in Taiwan Stock Market

An Empirical Analysis of the Effect Components of the

Corporate Governance Index on Firm Value: Evidence fromTaiwans Financial Industry

The Effects of Service Quality, Customer Perceived Value,

Customer Satisfaction on Behavioral Intentions: A Study of

Mobile Value-Added Services in the Philippines

An Investigation of Intraday Volatility Interruption Mechanism

for Taiwan Stock Market


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Research Titles Relationships Between Goal Setting, Innovation,

Project Management, Quality, Speed to Market,

and New Product Success

Testing of Random Walks and Market

Efficiency in an Emerging Market: An Empirical

Analysis of Karachi Stock Exchange

Impact of Macroeconomic Announcements on

the Stock Prices: An Empirical Study on the

Pakistani Stock Market


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Research Titles A Canonical Correlation Study of Relations between External

Recognition and Administration Approach of Innovation Ability

in Organizations

An Investigation of Functional Requirement and Interface

Design of Online Interactive Virtual Fitting Room

Benchmarking and Monitoring Performance of Retailing: An

Empirical Study of Convenience Stores in Taiwan

Integration of Comparison Level Theory to Analyze the

Relationship between Complaint Recovery Satisfaction andPost-Complaint Consumer Responses


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Research Titles Investigating the Impact of Gender on

Managing a Sales Force in a Developing

Country: An Exploratory Study in Tajikistan An Empirical Analysis of the Impact of ISO

Quality Standard Certification

Measuring the Effects of Employee OrientationTraining on Employee Perceptions of

Organizational Culture: Implications for

Organization Development


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Research Titles The Relationship of Filipino Entrepreneurial Styles

and Firm Performance in Small and MediumManufacturing Firms in Metro Manila

Impact of Organizational Culture on the EmployeesBehavior and Organizational Performance in thecustoms Brokerage Companies in Metro Manila

Assessing the Welfare Impact of Privatization: AComparative Static Analysis


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Research Titles Developing a Strategy of Operation Skills in Retailers and

Customers Shopping Preferences

The Effects of Innovation Diffusion on Customer Loyalty

Business Process Management and Business Intelligence as

Performance Measurement Drivers

Corporate Governance and Productive Efficiency: A

Comparative Study on Japanese Manufacturing and Utility

Industries


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Research Titles Consumer Perceptions of Foreign Products: An

Analysis of Product-Country Images and

Ethnocentrism in Guatemala

The Impact of Using Information Technologies onCrisis Management Success in Small- and

Medium-Sized Enterprises


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Research Titles ImpactofSecurityAnalystsMonitoringand

MarketingFunctionsontheMarketValueofthefirmsIncludedinthePhilippineCompositeIndex

TheRobustnessofOptimalPortfolioInvestmentRankingsWhenShortSellingisAllowedandWithRisk-FreeBorrowingandLending

EffectofCapitalMarketLiberalizationMeasuresontheIntegrationofthePhilippinesStockMarketWithInternationalMarkets


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Research Titles EffectsofSupervisorycontrolonSalespersons

Behavior

Cornish-FisherExpansiononEstimationand

ForecastingModelsofStockReturnVolatility

Decision-MakingModelandNewServices

DevelopmentApproachintelecommunications


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Research Titles Efficiency Assessment of Life Insurance Contact Center

Operations in the Philippines

Relationship of Territory Sales Management Control and

Sales Territory Design to Salespersons Performance of Golf

Courses in Cavite

Productivity Assessment of Employees in Selected Quick

Service Restaurants in Metro Manila

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BRT - Introduction to Research3