Broward Quick CheckSeptember 2012

Drug Abuse Patterns and Trends Update

James N. Hall, EpidemiologistCenter for Applied Research on Substance Use and Health DisparitiesNova Southeastern University

Numbers of Substances Identified among Decedents in Florida: Jan-June 2011

Alcoho

l

Cocain

e

Benzo

s

Rx Opio

id

Heroin

Zolpide

m

Mus

cle R

elaxa

nt0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

1,982

679

2,7743,063

20 118 232

All Rx = 6,287Alcohol +Illicit Drugs = 3,190

Flagle r

Highlands

Hardee

Polk

Martin

St. Lucie

Indian River

PutnamAlachua

Union

Gilchrist

Levy

Dixie

Suwannee

Hamilton

S t.JohnsClay

Duval

Nas sau

Baker

Pinellas

Pasco

Manatee

Hillsborough Osceola

Orange

Seminole

Collie r

HendryLee

Glades

De SotoSarasota

Palm Beach

LakeSumter

Hernando

Citrus

Marion

Taylor

Madis on

Wakulla

Leon

Franklin

Liberty

Gadsden

Jacks on

Calhoun

Gulf

Bay

EscambiaOkaloosa

Broward

Dade

Holmes

Monroe

Volusia

Charlotte

 

Source: Florida Department of Law Enforcement: Florida Medical Examiners Commission Interim Report 2011

Number of Oxycodone Reports Detected among Decedents in Florida: Jan 2007 – Jun 2011

Source: FDLE – Drugs Identified In Deceased Persons by Florida Medical Examiners 2007 - 2010 Reports and 2011 Interim Report

NUMBER of Oxycodone

OCCURRENCESIncluding

“Present” &“Cause of Death”

2007 2008 2009 2010 2x1H 2011

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

1,253

1,574

1,948

2,384

2,116

2x 1,058

Number of Oxycodone Reports Detected among Decedents in South Florida: 2007-2010

NUMBER of Oxycodone

OCCURRENCESIncluding

“Present” &“Cause of Death”

SOURCE: Florida Medical Examiners Commission Report 2010

2007 2008 2009 2010 2X1h 20110

50

100

150

200

250

144 165184 177

112119

171

225 236

164

45 4666

10094

Palm BeachBrowardMiami-Dade

1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 20110%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

2.1%2.6%3.4%4.8%4.8%4.2%5.4%5.4%

7.3%8.3%10.8%

16.1%

23.9%

29.2%

Percent of Primary Addiction Treatment Ad-missions for Rx Opioids among all substances

(including alcohol) in Florida: 1998 to 2011

Rx Opioids as % of All

Source: SAMHSA - Treatment Episode Data Sets Submitted by the Florida Dept. of Children and Families as of April 5, 2012

Percent of Primary Rx Opioid Addiction Treatment Admissions By Age Groups (12-30 years) in Florida:

1998 to 2011

199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020110

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

26 to 30 yrs

21 to 25 yrs

18 to 20 yrs

12 to 17 yrs

Aged 12 to 30 Years

Source: SAMHSA - Treatment Episode Data Sets Submitted by

the Florida Dept. of Children and Families as of April 5, 2012

22%

62%

Number of Primary Treatment Admissions by Drug Broward and Miami-Dade Counties:

Jan –Dec 2011

Source: Florida Department of Children and Families

Rx Benzo's

Rx Opioids

-100 100 300 500 700 900 1100 1300 1500

140

1459

79

302

Miami-Dade Broward

Number of Primary Admissions

Number of Alprazolam Reports Detected among Decedents in Florida: 2007 – 2010

Source: FDLE – Drugs Identified In Deceased Persons by Florida Medical Examiners 2007 - 2010 Reports and 2011 Interim Report

NUMBER of Alprazolam

OCCURRENCESIncluding

“Present” &“Cause of Death”

2007 2008 2009 2010 2x1H 20110

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

1,348

1,873 1,9632,193

1,900

Alprazolam

2x 950

Number of Alprazolam Reports Detected among Decedents in South Florida: 2007- 2010

NUMBER of Alprazolam

OCCURRENCESIncluding

“Present” &“Cause of Death”

SOURCE: Florida Medical Examiners Commission Report 2010

2007 2008 2009 2010 2X1h 20110

50

100

150

200

250

300

124

176158 124

104

133

203

245 235210

101 101 98124

126

Palm Beach

Broward

Miami-Dade

Percent of High School Students Reporting Having Ever Taken a Rx Drug 1 or More Times

Without a Doctor’s Prescription:2011

USA Florida Palm Beach Broward Miami-Dade0.0%

5.0%

10.0%

15.0%

20.0%

25.0%

20.7%

15% 14%13% 11%

% Reporting

Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance

Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance

Percent of High School Students Reporting Any Past 30-Day Marijuana Use USA & Broward County: 1991-2011

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 20110

5

10

15

20

25

30

13.517.9

19.119

20.921.8

17.9 17.3 17

23.7

22.114.7

17.7

25.326.2 26.7

23.922.4

20.2 19.720.8

23.1

Broward USA

Pe

rce

nt

Re

po

rtin

g C

urr

en

t U

se

USA & Broward Data 1997-2011

Percent of Florida 9th-12th Graders Reporting Having Used Synthetic Marijuana

9th Graders 10th Graders 11th Graders 12th Graders0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

12%

14%

16%

18%

8.4 %10.5 %

12.7 %

16.6%

Source: Florida Youth Substance Abuse Survey 2011

Number of CannabinmimeticsPoison Control Exposure Calls Jan-Dec 2011 and Jan-June 2012

Source: Florida Poison Information Center – Miami1-800-222-1222

CannabinmimeticsPoison Exposure Calls

# of Poison Exposure Calls Jan-Dec 2011

# of Poison Exposure Calls Jan-June 2012

State of Florida 499 274Broward County 38 18Miami-Dade County 35 21

Number of Emerging Psychoactive Substance Drug Poison Control Exposure Calls

in Florida: Jan-Dec 2011 and Jan-April 2012

Source: Florida Poison Information Center – Miami 1-800-222-1222

Synthetic Drug Category

# of Poison Exposure Calls Jan-Dec 2011

# of Poison Exposure Calls Jan-April 2012

Synthetic Cannabinoids 499 269Hallucinogenic Amphetamines

184 64

MDPV & Mephedrone (Bath Salts)

152 28

Other Hallucinogens DMT and 5-MeO-DIPT

6 2

1,204 Exposure calls Jan 2011 to April 2012

Number of Crime Lab Cases for Synthetic Cannabinoids, Piperazines, Tryptamines, Phenethylamines, and

Cathinones in South Florida: Jan -Dec 2011

Source: US DEA-National Forensic Laboratory Information System (NFLIS) for Miami-Dade, Broward and Palm Beach Counties 2011 as of May 8, 2012

Synthetic Cannabinoids including 18 for JWH-018 20 N-BENZYLPIPERAZINE (BZP) 130 5-MeO-DIPT 133 1-(3-TRIFLUOROMETHYLPHENYL)-PIPERAZINE (TFMPP) 83

METHYLENEDIOXYPYROVALERONE (MDPV) 32 N-METHYL-3,4-METHYLENEDIOXYCATHINONE (METHYLONE)

27

4-METHYLMETHCATHINONE (4-MMC) (MEPHEDRONE) 12

3,4-METHYLENEDIOXYAMPHETAMINE (MDA) 1

Other 25

TOTAL 463

Dangerous, Imitation, Emerging Drugs

(DIED)Fake Drugs; Real Poisons

www.drugfreebroward.org Presentations

Organization of American States15 Nation Caribbean DEN

Drug Epidemiology Network

National CEWG Drug Trends Update June 2012

• Cocaine declines reported across all 21 sites • Heroin maintains presence,

– Expands to new areas including small towns – Fueled by young adult Rx opioid abusers

• Prescription opioid nonmedical use escalates• Emerging synthetic drug consequences most

pronounced in the Central US and Florida • Marijuana is ubiquitous• Methamphetamine rising in the West again