Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
This is an overlay of a current street grid on top of the 1766 Ratzer map of one of earliest settled parts of Brooklyn, NY being the Gowanus and Red Hook marshes. It is meant as a resource guide for local school teachers studying historical and environmental change issues in their neighborhoods, and is available adapted to the location of various local schools. Created as a personal education outreach program by Eymund Diegel using ArcGIS and Adobe Illustrator.
Citation preview
Union St
3rd St
9th St
3rd
Ave
Cour
t St
4th
Ave
Smith
St
5th
Ave
1st St
Dean St
I 278
6th
Ave
Hoyt
St
Bond
St
Carroll St6th St
Bergen St
Clin
ton
St
2nd St
7th St
Baltic St
7th
Ave
Atlantic Ave
8th St
Pacific St
Henr
y St
Bay St
State St
4th St
5th St
Nevi
ns S
t
Van B
runt
St
Hamilton Ave
Hick
s St
President St
10th St
Fulton St
Garfield Pl
Flatbush Ave
2nd
Ave
Colu
mbi
a St
Kane St
8th
Ave
Wyckoff St
Coffey St
Dwight S
t
Butler St
1st Pl
King St
12th St
4th Pl
Lorraine St
3rd Pl
Wolcott St
11th St
Park Pl
Imlay
St
2nd Pl
Elliott Pl
Beard St
Dikeman St
Sackett St
Degraw St
Van Dyke St
Lincoln Pl
Mill StHuntington St
13th St
Berkeley Pl
Conov
er S
t
Sterling Pl
Portland Ave
Congress St
Amity St
Verona St
Ferri
s St
Sullivan StDouglass St
Ashland Pl
Schermerhorn St
Dekalb Ave
Fort Greene Pl
Alley
Lafayette Ave
14th St
Warren St
Luquer St
Livingston St
Saint Johns Pl
Prospect Pl
Oxford St
Summit St
Centre St
Ots
ego
St
Nelson St
Bush St
Hanson Pl
Saint Felix St
Bowne St
Centre Mall
Halleck St
Commerce St
Commer
cial W
harf
Delevan St
Saint Marks Pl
Creamer St
Rockw
ell Pl
Pioneer St
Saint Marks Ave
Cum
berland St
Seabring St
Walkway
Tiffa
ny P
l
Richar
ds S
t
Verandah Pl
Stro
ng P
l
Garnet St
Chee
ver P
l
Bryant St
Woodhull St
Reed St
Tom
pkin
s Pl
Fisk
e Pl
Visitation Pl
Clinton Wharf
Ham
ilton
Pl
Sigourney St
15th St
Montgomery Pl
Pros
pect
Par
k
Dent
on P
l
Elm
Pl
Hudson Ave
Whi
twell
Pl
Hano
ver P
l
Polh
emus
Pl
Grove Pl
Boer
um P
l
Coles St
Percival St
War
ren
Pl
Denn
ett P
l
Ferry Pl
Greg
ory
Pl
Academy Park Pl
Cole St
Irving St
Sedgwick St
Degraw St
Ram
p
2nd St
I 278
Butler St
I 278
Richar
ds S
t
1st St
Warren St
Warren St
Halleck St
2nd St
Alle
y
Sackett St
Nelson St
Hick
s St
Degraw St
Smith
St
Warren St
Rapelye St
Baltic St
Henr
y St
Carroll St
Unnamed Street
Creamer St
Warren St
Halleck St
Boer
um P
l
Hamilton Ave
5th St
Woodhull St
President St
5th St
Sigourney St
Hick
s St
President St
Douglass St
Carroll St
Oxford St
Pacific St
Carroll St
Pacific St
Alley
Summit St
Henr
y St
4th St
President St
Mill St
Alle
y
Nelson St
Hick
s St
President St
Colu
mbi
a St
Alley
Luquer St
Baltic St
Summit St
Union St
Sackett St
Bond
St
Smith
St
Cour
t St
Clin
ton
St
Hen
ry S
t
Cour
t St
Atlantic Ave
Gowanus Schools &Local Buried Features
of Historical Interest
map sources: Bernard Ratzer, British Military Map of 1766, British Headquarters Map of 1782, Stile’s History of the City of Brooklyn, 1884, Burrows Wallace 1999 Indian settlement Map, Boltons’s 1922 Indian Paths in The Great Metropolis, 2006 New York City Digital Base Map; Historic Stream and potential Spring locations reconstructed from a 2004 Digital Elevation Stormwater Model, and Springs not mentioned in the historical record are marked with a question mark, with the assumption that all early houses had access to fresh water. Historical features still being researched are marked withquestion marks. This is a DRAFT map being developed for research purposes by Eymund Diegel, 439 Sackett Street, Brooklyn, NY, November 2010It may contain errors of fact and accuracy. Please send corrections to [email protected].
Villages Indiens / Indian Villages - pre 1750
École / School - 2010
Fortifications de la Révolution / Forts - 1782
Champs Indiens / Indian Fields (approximate)Chemins / Roads - 1766
Chemins / Roads - 2009
Rivage / Shoreline - 2009
Rivage / Shoreline - 1766
Ruisseau / Stream - 1766
Plages / Beaches - 1766
Marécages / Wetlands - 1766
Bry
ant W
hite
- w
ww
bbw
hite
.com
Soldats Americains / American Soldiers - 1776
ww
w.th
eman
naha
ttapr
ject
.org
Hutte Indienne / Indian Hunt - The Lenape’s Canarsie tribe occupied the Gowanus area, including the Gowane
(28th St), Werpoe (Warren & Bond and Marechkawick (Brooklyn Navy Yard) villages
Loup Gris / Grey Wolf Elk / Wapiti Lynx / Bobcat Loutre / Otter Esturgeon / SturgeonOurs Noir / Black Bear
TRY TO GUESS THE HABITATS FOR:
Meters0 250 500 1,000
Feet200100500
Butte / Hill - 1766
Foret / Forests - 1766
Champs & Vergers /Farm Fields & Orchards - 1766
Legende / Legend
Source / Spring - 1766 (speculative)
Canal Enterré / Historic Canal - 2010
Gowanus Cre
ek
Notre Histoire CachéeOur Hidden History
What Would our BackyardLook Like in a Time Machine ?
FortGreene
FortBox
Punkiesberg /Corkscrew Fort / Cobble Hill(American ArmyHeadquarters)
FortDefiance
BergenHill
American Fortifications(1776)
Red HookLaneAtlantic Docks
(created from razing of Bergen Hill)
Seabring’sTidal Mill
Coles MillPond(built1770s)
Seabring’sRed HookTidalMills
Van Dyck’sRed HookTidalMills
IndianFishingGround
Denton’s(Yellow) Tidal MillPond
Vechte’sCanal
Vechte’sBrook
Freeke’s(Brouwer’s) Tidal MillPond
Public Landing
Red Hook Docks (created from dredge and ship ballast fill)
Spring ?Spring ?
SpringSpring
Spring ?Spring ?
Spring ?Spring ?
Spring ?Spring ?
Spring ?Spring ?
Old Port or Valley GroveRoad
Gowanus or NarrowsRoad
BrushTavern ?
Vechte’sOld StoneHouse
Battle Pass ?
1776 - Buried BodiesIn the battle part of the British army marched down a lane (Port Road) leading from the Brush Tavern (at Valley Grove) to Gowanos, pursuing the Americans. Several of the American riflemen, in order to be more secure (...) had posted themselves in high trees near the road. One of them, whose name is now partially forgotten, shot the English Major Grant; in this he passed unobserved. Again he loaded his deadly rifle, and fired - another English officer fell. He was then marked, and a platoon (..) fired into the tree and the rifleman fell to the ground dead.
After the battle was over, the two British officers were buried in a field, near where they fell, and their graves fenced in fenced in with some posts and rails, where their remains still rest.
But for an "example to the rebels," they refused the American rifleman the rites of sepulture; and his remains were exposed on the ground, till his flesh rotted, and torn off his bones by the fowls of the air. After a considerable length of time, in a heavy gale of wind, a large tree was uprooted; in the cavity formed by which, some friends of the Americans (...) placed the brave soldier's bones to mingle in peace with their kindred earth."
1824 - pg 51 - "Notes Geographical and Historical relating to the town of Brooklyn, in Kings County on Long Island" Gabriel Furman, discussing the Battle of Long Island, 27 August 1776
1679 - Delicious Oysters"There had been .. thrown upon the (fire) to be roasted, a pail full of Gowanus oysters, which are the best in the country... I had to try some of them raw. They are large and full, some of them not less than a foot long, and they grow sometimes ten, twelve and sixteen together, and are like a piece of rock.. They pickle the oysters in small casks, and then send them to Barbadoes and the other islands."
Jasper Danckaerts, quoted in" A History of the City of Brooklyn" by Henry Reed Stiles, 1884, discussing Simon de Hart’s House at Gowanus Cove (near 28th Street)
1741 - Indian Corn Fields"I was going by the house of Lubbertse, and saw many little hills in the way from the house to (Brouwer's) Mill along the neck and (when I) inquired what the hills were ... was answered that it was the Indian corn lands."
Maritie Bevors, 84 years old, quoted in 1741 New Amsterdam Court Trial Proceedings, in "Indian Paths in the Great Metropolis", Reginald Bolton, 1922
RevolutionaryGraves ?
RED HOOK BEAR HUNTING, 1759
"On Sunday week last past a large bear passed the house of Mr. Sebring, in Brooklyn, and took the water at Red Hook, attempting to swim accross the Bay, when Cornelius Sebring and his miller immediately pushed off in a boat after him. The latter fired and missed, on which Mr Sebring let fly and sent a ball in at the back of his head, which came out of his eye and killed him outright."
New York Gazette, 20th November 1759
RED HOOK BEAR HUNTING, 1759
"On Sunday week last past a large bear passed the house of Mr. Sebring, in Brooklyn, and took the water at Red Hook, attempting to swim accross the Bay, when Cornelius Sebring and his miller immediately pushed off in a boat after him. The latter fired and missed, on which Mr Sebring let fly and sent a ball in at the back of his head, which came out of his eye and killed him outright."
New York Gazette, 20th November 1759
“Ihpetonga”(The High Sandy Bank)original Canarsie Indian name forBrooklynHeights
to GowanusVillage
1636 - FIRST EUROPEAN LAND TITLE IN LONG ISLAND - Bennet & Bentyne, two Englishmen purchase 936 acres of land from Canarsie Chief Gowane, founding the original Gowanus Village between 27th and 38th Street (Gowanus or Bennet’s Cove)
1636 - FIRST EUROPEAN LAND TITLE IN LONG ISLAND - Bennet & Bentyne, two Englishmen purchase 936 acres of land from Canarsie Chief Gowane, founding the original Gowanus Village between 27th and 38th Street (Gowanus or Bennet’s Cove)
DentonsMill
Brouwer’sMill
ColesMill
"Red Hook" was named after the red clay soilof the originalhook shaped peninsula
Lubbertse /JohannasBergenHouse
WerpoesCanarsie Indian Village
Indian BurialGround ?
Indian BurialGround ?
Indian Corn Fields / Sassian’s Maize Lands(approximate)
Indian Corn Fields / (approximate)
SebringHouse
LubbertseHouse
JacobBergenHouse
VanBruntHouse
1645 - First Flour Millin America
“Lower Mill” built1701 by Brouwer
1776 - AmericanGun Post
PS58
HS
PS29
PS58
PS146
PS372
PS133
PS38
PS261
PS32
AM
JJHS
PS282
CHSAS
PS27
PS15
SBHS
MS
ISB
