BRKAPP-2013

© 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Presentation_ID.scr

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© 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicBRKAPP-201314361_04_2008_c1 2

Best Practices for Application Optimization Illustrated with SAP, Seibel and Exchange

BRKAPP-2013


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© 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 3BRKAPP-201314361_04_2008_c1

WAN AccelerationData redundancy eliminationWindow scalingLZ compressionAdaptive congestion avoidance

Application AccelerationLatency mitigationApplication data cacheMeta data cacheLocal services

Application OptimizationDelta encodingFlashForward optimizationApplication securityServer offload

Application NetworkingMessage transformationProtocol transformationMessage-based securityApplication visibility

Application ScalabilityServer load-balancingSite selectionSSL termination and offloadVideo delivery

Network ClassificationQuality of serviceNetwork-based app recognitionQueuing, policing, shapingVisibility, monitoring, control

Cisco Application Delivery Networks

WAN


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ApplicationsISRGSS WAAS ACE AXGACNS

Relevancy


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Agenda

Cisco Validated Designs

Data Center Infrastructure

Service Integration

Data Center Evolution


Cisco Validated DesignsThe Program


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Cisco Validated DesignsWhat Is the Value?


Cisco Validated DesignsContinuously Improving the Solution

s


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Agenda



Service Integration



Layers and Services

Aggregation

Edge

Access

Core

Fabric Routing Services

Data Replication Services

Storage Virtualization

Virtual Fabrics (VSANs)

Content Caching

SSL Offloading

Firewall Services

Intrusion Detection

Server Balancing

Server Virtualization V

Remote DMA Services

Virtual I/O

Clustering Services

Compute Fabric Services

Network Analysis

DC Functional Layers

VPN Termination

File Caching

CoreFabric Gateway Services

Fabric Gateway Services

Storage/Tape Farms

DoS Protection

Server ClustersServer Farms


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Data Center Architecture Overview

Blade Chassis with Integrated Switch

L3 Access

Blade Chassis with Pass Thru

Mainframe with OSA

L2 with Clustering and NIC Teaming

Enterprise Core

DC Aggregation

DC Access

DC Core

Layers of the Enterprise Multi-Tier Model


Aggregation Layer


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Aggregation Layer Design

Root PrimaryHSRP PrimaryActive Context

Root SecondaryHSRP SecondaryStandby Context

Core

RootguardLoopGuardBPDU GuardUDLD Global

Spanning Tree Design



+

Integrated Services: Firewall, Load Balancing, SSL


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Core

Active-Standby Service Design


Aggregation Layer DesignActive-Active Service Design



Core

VLAN 6:Root SecondaryHSRP Secondary

Standby Context

VLAN 5:Root SecondaryHSRP SecondaryStandby Context

vlan5 vlan6 vlan6 vlan5


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Aggregation Layer DesignEstablishing Path Preference for Applications

Core

vlan5 vlan6 vlan6 vlan5

3. Route Map on Host Route Sets Preferred Metric of Route

route-map RHI permit 10match ip address 44

set metric-type type-1

1. ACE Probes to Real Servers in VIP to Determine Health

4. If Context Failover Occurs, RHI and Route

Preference Follow

2. If Healthy, Installs Host Route to VIP on

Local MSFC


Core and Aggregation Layer DesignSTP, HSRP and Service Context Alignment



Core


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Agg2Agg1

VRF-Green

VRF-Blue

VRF-Red

802.1Q Trunks

VLANs Isolate Contexts on Access

Alternate Primary Contexts on

Agg1 and 2 to Achieve Active-Active Design

Firewall and SLB Contexts for Green,

Blue, and Red

MPLS or Other Core

DC Core

Aggregation Layer DesignUsing VRFs in the DC (1)



PE PE

WAN/BranchCampusBlue VRFGreen VRF Blue VRFGreen VRF

Core: P-Nodes

Red VRF Red VRF

Agg Module 1DC Core

802.1Q Trunks

Agg Module 2

802.1Q Trunks

Using VRFs in the DC (2)


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Access Layer Design


Access Layer Design

802.

1q T

runk

s

L3 Agg2

DC Core

Primary RootPrimary HSRP

Active Services

Secondary RootSecondary HSRPStandby Services

L2

Agg1 Inter-SwitchLink

Defining Layer 2 Access


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Access Layer DesignEstablish a Deterministic Model

802.

1q T

runk

s

L3 Agg2

DC Core

Secondary RootSecondary HSRPStandby Services

L2

Agg1 Inter-SwitchLink

Path Pref

L3+L4 Hash

Def gwy


Scaling B/W with GEC and 10GE

Access Pair 1 … …

Aggregation

DC Core

Migrating Access Layer Uplinks to 10GE


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Scaling B/W with GEC and 10GE

DC Core

Service Switch2

(Redundant)

Service Switch1

Access

Aggregation

Service Layer Switch


Agg1:STP Primary Root

HSRP Primary HSRP Preempt and DelayDual Sup with NSF+SSO

Agg2:STP Secondary Root

HSRP SecondaryHSRP Preempt and Delay

Single Sup

Blade Chassis with Integrated

Switch

FT

Rootguard

LoopGuard

Portfast + BPDUguard

Data

Data Center NetworkBest Practices: STP, HSRP, Other

Rapid PVST+ UDLD Global

Spanning Tree Pathcost Method=Long

Rapid PVST+: Maximum Number of STP Active Logical Ports- 8000 and Virtual Ports Per Linecard-1500

LACP+L4 HashDist EtherChannel

Min-Links

L3+ L4 CEF Hash

LACP+L4 Port HashDist EtherChannel for FT and Data

VLANs


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Agenda



Service Integration



Service Integration Goals


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Application Examples


Exchange 2007 Logical Layout

Internet

SMTPMessages

CAS Mailbox

EdgeTransport

HubTransport

Remote Clients(OWA, ActiveSync, Anywhere,

POP3, IMAP4)

MAPIMail

Client

External CommunicationsInternal Exchange Communications


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SAP

SAPGUITCP:32xx

HTTP(S) (ABAP)Default TCP:8000

HTTP (J2EE)HTTP:5xx00

HTTPS: 5xx01

Web Services

Logical Layout

JCo/RFC

RFC

SAP Web Application ServerOperating System and Database Agnostic


Oracle 11i

DesktopTier

ApplicationTier

DatabaseTier

WebServer

FormsServer

ConcurrentServer

ReportsServer

AdminServer

DiscovererServer

WebBrowser

DatabaseServer

Web Server(HTTP/HTTPs

Listener)

Form Server(HTTP/HTTPs

Listener)

Desktop TierWeb Client

Web Server(HTTP/HTTPS

Listener)

Form Server(HTTP/HTTPS

Listener)

Desktop TierWeb Client

Forms ListenerServlet

Logical Topology


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Common Application ExpectationsTransaction Processing Applications


Application Delivery Services

Security and Monitoring Services

Service Integration and Network Design

Blade Chassis with Integrated Switch

L3 Access

Blade Chassis with Pass Thru

Mainframe with OSA

L2 with Clustering and NIC Teaming

Enterprise Core

DC Aggregation

DC Access

DC Core


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Data Center Technology

ACE Service Module

Application Control Engine Overview


Data Center Technology

Front

Rear

Application Control Engine Appliance


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Data Center TechnologyFirewall Service Module

Firewall Service Module


Data Center TechnologyAdaptive Security Appliance (ASA) 5580


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Cisco Catalyst 6500

One ArmMode

BridgedMode

BridgedMode

RoutedMode

RoutedMode

Service Chaining

BU-1 BU-2 BU-3 BU-4 BU-5

Virtualized Network Services


Service Chaining

user Mark pass abc role Security-Admin user Tom pass xyz role SLB-Admin

domain SRM add-object policy-map SRM-policy

username tom password 123 role SLB-Admin domain SRM

ACE-1/sap(config)# policy-map type loadbalance first Portal-policyError: object being referred to is not part of User's domain

ACE-1/sap(config)# policy-map type loadbalance first SRM-policyACE-1/sap(config-pmap-lb)#

Consolidated Secure Infrastructure


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ACE-FWSM Example Design OptionsBridge Mode Routed Mode One Arm Mode

default gw

bpduforwarding

default gw

default gw

ospfneighbors

PBRS-NAT


Application Scalability and Availability

Server selection

Load distribution mechanisms

Scales AVS, WAAS and server farms

Session persistence

TCP reuse

Via ACE

Health checks

Backup server farms

Fault-tolerant groups

Route health injection

Server offload

Back-end encryption

WAE

ServersAVS


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Health Probes

/index.html

/irj/portal

probe http PORTAL-50000description http-probeport 50000interval 20passdetect interval 10request method get url /irj/portalexpect status 200 200

Configuration

SAP Enterprise Portal Example


Health Checks

ACE/dc# telnet 169.145.90.16 50100Trying 169.145.90.16...Connected to 169.145.90.16.Escape character is '^]'.GET /nwa HTTP/1.1Host: 169.145.90.16

HTTP/1.1 302 Foundserver: SAP NetWeaver Composition Environment 7.1 / AS Java 7.1content-type: text/htmllocation: http://169.145.90.16/webdynpro/dispatcher/sap.com/tc~lm~itsam~co~ui~nwa~localnavigation~wd/NWAAppcontent-length: 0date: Fri, 30 Nov 2007 04:15:04 GMT

probe http BACK-1port 50100interval 20passdetect interval 10request method get url

/webdynpro/dispatcher/sap.com/tc~lm~itsam~co~ui~nwa~localnavigation~wd/NWAApp

expect status 200 200

NetWeaver Web Administrator

Health Monitoring

Web Services


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Session PersistenceOptions


ACE Session PersistenceCookie Sticky Case Study: Oracle 11i


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switch/SAP-Datacenter# sh stat http+------------------------------------------++-------------- HTTP statistics -----------++------------------------------------------+LB parse result msgs sent : 151 , TCP data msgs sent : 152 Inspect parse result msgs : 0 , SSL data msgs sent : 495

sentTCP fin/rst msgs sent : 8 , Bounced fin/rst msgs sent: 8 SSL fin/rst msgs sent : 18 , Unproxy msgs sent : 14 Drain msgs sent : 118 , Particles read : 1718 Reuse msgs sent : 0 , HTTP requests : 156 Reproxied requests : 0 , Headers removed : 0 Headers inserted : 254 , HTTP redirects : 0 HTTP chunks : 37 , Pipelined requests : 0 HTTP unproxy conns : 14 , Pipeline flushes : 0 Whitespace appends : 0 , Second pass parsing : 0 Response entries recycled : 110 , Analysis errors : 0 Header insert errors : 0 , Max parselen errors : 3Static parse errors : 0 , Resource errors : 0 Invalid path errors : 0 , Bad HTTP version errors : 0

ACE Session Persistence

parameter-map type http PERSISTset header-maxparse-length 4096

policy-map multi-match SLB-policyclass epSAP-s

appl-parameter http advanced-options PERSIST

Configuration

Session Persistence

Header Parsing: SAP Case Study


ACE Session PersistenceCookie Sticky Case Study: SAP


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sticky ip-netmask 255.255.255.255 address source SRC-STCKY-GRP

serverfarm CAS_FARM

Outlook Anywhere Enabled Client

Case Study: Outlook Anywhere


parameter-map type connection DB

set timeout inactivity 0

class-map match-all DB-class

match port tcp eq 1521

policy-map multi-match DB-policy

class DB-class

connection advanced-options DB


Policy applied only to server initiated connections on specified port

interface vlan 10description server side interfaceservice-policy input DB-policy

Database Connection


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ACE SSL Server Offload

NAM IDS

Clear Text toServers:50XX0

Encrypted toVIP:443


SSL Server Offload

switch/sap# crypto import ?ftp Import a key/certificate from an ftp servernon-export Mark this key/certificate as non-exportablesftp Import a key/certificate from an sftp serverterminal Accept a key/certificate from terminaltftp Import a key/certificate from a tftp server

switch/sap# show crypto filesFilename File File Expor Key/

Size Type table Cert-----------------------------------------------------------------------testkey.key 497 PEM Yes KEYSAPcert.cer 855 PEM Yes CERT

ACE-1/sap# crypto verify testkey.key SAPcert.cerKeypair in testkey.key matches certificate in SAPcert.cer.

ssl-proxy service SAPkey testkey.keycert SAPcert.cer

policy-map multi-match SLBclass epSAP-s

ssl-proxy server SAP

ACE Configuration

1. Acquire Key and Cert in PEM format 2. Configure Proxy and apply


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ACE SSL Offload

https://----/irj

http://----/irj/

http://----/irj/index.html

http://----/irj

policy-map type loadbalance first-match EP-HTTPSclass class-default

insert-http ClientProtocol header-value "https"

Header Insert Configurationparameter-map type http PERSIST

persistence-rebalance



Persistence Rebalance

HTTP Header Insert


Encrypted toVIP:443

ACE SSL Offload

Encrypted toServers:443

ssl-proxy service testsslclient

policy-map type loadbalance first-match EP-HTTPSclass class-defaultssl-proxy client testsslclient

Configuration

Back-End Encryption

SSL Termination SSL Initiation


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SSL Offload ReferenceSAP

policy-map type loadbalance first-match EP-HTTPS

class class-default

insert-http ClientProtocol header-value "https“

parameter-map type http PERSISTpersistence-rebalance




SSL Offload ReferenceBEA Weblogic

policy-map type loadbalance first-match VIP-POLICY-10class class-defaultsticky-serverfarm learninsert-http WL-Proxy-SSL header-value "true"

parameter-map type http PERSISTpersistence-rebalance

policy-map multi-match SLB-policyclass xyzappl-parameter http advanced-options PERSIS


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SSL Offload ReferenceOracle 11i


SSL Offload ReferenceSiebel 8.0


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SSL Offload ReferenceExchange 2007 Client Access Server


SSL Offload ReferenceMicrosoft SharePoint


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SSL Offload

parameter-map type ssl sslparamssession-cache timeout 600

ssl-proxy service testsslclientssl advanced-options sslparams

ssl-proxy service sapkey sap-privatecert sap-certssl advanced-options sslparams

Reuse Definition

switch/sap# show crypto session SSL Session Cache Stats for Context ------------------Number of Client Sessions 2Number of Server Sessions 4

Verification

Back-End Encryption with SSL Reuse

Server Side Reuse

Client Side Reuse


Scaling IDS Capacity

Subnet1

VLANs 10, 20, 30, …

IDS1

IDS2

RSPANVLAN

VACL Filter

HTTP

All VLAN Traffic

Telnet Subnet3

IDSx

NAM

all

RSPAN + VACL Redirect


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Transport PolicyEnforce Security

https://----/irj

https://----/irj/

http://----/irj


ACE OWA Case StudyPersistence, Offload and Redirection


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ACE TCP Multiplexing

parameter-map type http PERSISTserver-conn reuse

TCP Reuse Configuration

interface vlan 201description server interface

nat-pool 123 169.145.90.90 169.145.90.90 netmask 255.255.255.255 pat

Source NAT Configuration

policy-map multi-match SLB-policyclass epSAP-sappl-parameter http advanced-options PERSISTnat dynamic 123 vlan 201

Applied to Multi-Match Policy

Server Offload

ACE-TCP1 Pool1

ACE-TCP2 Pool2


ACE TCP MultiplexingCase Study with Exchange 2007


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Cisco Technology Highlights

ACE GSSAppliance

ACE GSSAppliance

ACE Global Site Selector (GSS)


Site Selection Example

GSS MX Record Request

A Cohesive Solution: GSS, ACE and CNR

InternetClient DNS

Server


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Site Selection ExampleGSS Keepalive Configuration

ACE CONFIGURATION

kalap udp

ip address 10.210.1.4 encryption md5 <password>

class-map type management match-any <MANAGEMENT>

2 match protocol kalap-udp any

policy-map type management first-match <P-MANAGEMENT>

class <MANAGEMENT>

permit

interface vlan <VLAN>

description ** Public Facing Interface **

service-policy input <P-MANAGEMENT>


Site Selection ExampleGSS Answer Configuration


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Service Integration WAN Optimizations


The Application Delivery Problem

Distribution ofResources

Data Center Consolidation

Remote Offices

Regional Offices

Home Offices

Data Center


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5MB Document Download from SAP NetWeaver Portal

5MB File(40 mbits)

45 Mbps: <1 secondTheoretical Wire Speed

5X

Continental WAN

Source: SAP TechEd 2007, Session LCM222

5.3 sec1.06 secDirect SAP (https)

60 ms, T3, 0%LAN

Latency, Bandwidth, Packet Loss

5,000 km0 kmDistance

US East West CoastOfficeScenario


25 sec1.06 secDirect SAP (https)

300 ms, T3, 0%LAN


15,000–20,000 km0 kmDistance

Asia USOfficeScenario

Intercontinental Transfer Increases Delay

or

Transfer Time: 1 second + 300 ms ?

More Windows =More Delay

(ms): 300 + 300 + 300 + 300 ...

(data): 65KB + 65KB + 65KB + 65KB ...

Data: 5MB

25X



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Packet Loss Magnifies Effect of Delay300 300 300 300 300...

Congestion Response:More, Smaller

Windows = More Delay

Loss

142X


142 sec

300 ms,T3, 1%

25 sec1.06 secDirect SAP (https)

300 ms, T3, 0%LAN


15,000–20,000 km0 kmDistance

Asia USOfficeScenario


Bandwidth Also Affects Transfer Times

5MB File(40 mbit)

45M 768K

<1s 52s

Minimum Wire Delay56X


56 sec

60 ms, 786 kbps, 0%

5,000 km

Dial-In (East West Coast)

5.3 sec1.06 secDirect SAP (https)

60 ms, T3, 0%LAN


5,000 km0 kmDistance

US East West CoastOfficeScenario


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ACE Tuning for Slow WAN

< 1 ms300ms

TCP Flow Control vs.

Buffering

parameter-map type connection WANset tcp buffer-share 262143tcp-options selective-ack allow

policy-map multi-match SAP-LBclass SSL-VIPconnection advanced-options WAN

TCP re-use

Loss

SelectiveAcks

Delay

Loss


Cisco Technology Highlights

WAEAppliances and Modules

Wide Area Application Engine

Wide Area Application Engine (WAE)


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SAP Test Topology for WAN Optimization

Load Runner

Enterprise Portal

ERP

Business Logic

ipsec Encrypted Tunnel

ACEwccp wccp

WAASWAAS


Test 1: Enterprise Portal Login/Logout

Baseline


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Test 1: Enterprise Portal Login/Logout

Branch WAE Encode Branch WAE DecodeData Center WAE EncodeData Center WAE Decode

Note: LZ operates on 521 MB out of 1621 MB overall (32% of 9.49% = 3%)


Login/Logout Result Summary

Data ReductionTransaction Time

26%99%

55%

3% LZ52% DRE


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Test 2: Knowledge Management

PortalClient

Baseline


Knowledge Management

97% 97%

Data ReductionTransaction Time

3% LZ86% DRE

89%

Result Summary


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Test 3: Technical Document Management

2.

EPBack-End

1. Request Doc

1MB PDFRandom Data

Composite App

3.

4. PDF Post5. Notification


Technical Document Management

60%<1%

26%

21% LZ5% DRE

Result SummaryTransaction Time Data Reduction


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Test 4: Customer Fact Sheet

50 Requests for Customer Fact Sheets

ERPComposite App

Web Services Request to ERP for CFS

ERP Returns CFS


Customer Fact Sheet

70%71%

77%

77% LZ

Result SummaryTransaction Time Data Reduction


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WAAS Configuration Essentials

CM Config

hostname C2851ip wccp 61ip wccp 62

interface GigabitEthernet0/0.93description DC-wae

ip wccp redirect exclude in!interface GigabitEthernet0/0.962description server VLANip wccp 61 redirect inip wccp 62 redirect out

!ntp master 2

hostname dc-waasdevice mode application-accelerator

primary-interface GigabitEthernet 1/0interface GigabitEthernet 1/0ip address 169.145.93.93 255.255.255.0

ip default-gateway 169.145.93.1

ntp server 169.145.93.1

wccp router-list 1 169.145.92.1 169.145.93.1wccp tcp-promiscuous router-list-num 1wccp version 2

central-manager address 169.145.92.92cms enable

WAN Router Config

WAEConfig

device mode central-managerinterface GigabitEthernet 1/0ip address 169.145.92.92 255.255.255.0

ip default-gateway 169.145.92.1ntp server 169.145.93.1

ClientNetwork

Server Network

0/0.92

0/0.93

0/0.962

Exclude WCCP to WAE interface

Enable WCCP on User Interface

WAN


Network Services Cheat SheetExchange 2007 Example

N/AN/ANIC-Teaming, Multiple Edge

Transport Servers

Cisco ACE, Microsoft NLB or

DNS Round-Robin

Cisco Global Site Selector (GSS)

and/or DNS Round-Robin

Edge Transport Server

N/ACisco WAENIC-Teaming, Clusters (LCR,

CCR, SCR, SCC)N/AN/AMailbox

Server

N/AN/ANIC-Teaming, Multiple Hub

Transport Servers

Handled Internally by Microsoft Exchange

N/AHub Transport Server

Cisco ACECisco WAENIC-Teaming, Multiple CAS Roles

Cisco ACE, Microsoft Network Load-Balancing (NLB) or DNS Round-Robin

Cisco Global Site Selector (GSS)

and/or DNS Round-Robin

Client Access Server

SSL-Offloading

Network OptimizationFault ToleranceServer Load-

BalancingSite Load-BalancingMicrosoft Exchange 2007 Role

Microsoft Exchange Server 2007 Role and Load-Balance, Fault Tolerance, High-Availability Methods Supported


46


Agenda



Service Integration



Virtual Switch

VSSSwitch 1 + Switch 2 =

Virtual Switch DomainVirtual Switch Link (VSL)

Cisco Catalyst 6500 Virtual Switching System (VSS)

SiSi SiSi


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Virtual Switching SystemSingle Control Plane

Line Card—DFC

Line Card—DFC

Line Card—DFC

Line Card—DFC

Line Card—DFC

Line Card—DFC

Active Supervisor

Sup MSFC PFC

Line Card—DFC

Line Card—DFC

Line Card—DFC

Line Card—DFC

Line Card—DFC

Line Card—DFC

Standby Supervisor

Sup MSFC PFC


VSS

Increased Operational EfficiencySystem Virtualization Simplifying the Network

Traditional Layer 2/Layer 3 VSS

SiSiSiSi SiSi SiSi


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Virtual Switch System

Multi-Chassis EtherChannel

Multi-Chassis EtherChannel


Virtual Switch SystemDeployment Considerations

SiSi SiSi


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VSS in the Data CenterAggregation Layer

Server Farm

Core

Aggregation

ServicesChassis

Access

L3L2


Service Chassis Models

TransparentService Chain

ACE in Routed Mode

VRF-Enabled FWLB

Service Layer Switch

VRF

VRF

MSFC

ACE Context

FWSM Context

MSFC

ACE Context

FWSM Context

Layer 2

Layer 2

Layer 3

MSFC

ACE Context

FWSM Context(s)Layer 3

ACE Context

MSFC


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Evolving Data Center

Consider impact of new technologies to traffic patterns in the data center

Network service integration must consider these new data center capabilities

Today, VSS does not support service modules; July 2008 service module support is introduced with Whitney 2

Virtual services with a virtual switch (ACE/FWSM)


Summary


51


Q and A


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Available Onsite at the Cisco Company Store


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Documents

BRKAPP-2013