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Brixham Environmental Laboratory
EnvironmentalEnvironmental Protection of Protection of
European Marine SitesEuropean Marine Sites
Prepared by: Ross Brown
Brixham Environmental Laboratory
A chemical industry perspective?A chemical industry perspective?
Site operation Consent to discharge
Site development Planning consent
PPC
Planning regs
Environmental Impact
H1
PPG
Environmental baseline
Brixham Environmental Laboratory
Environmental quality statusEnvironmental quality status & ecosystem health?& ecosystem health?
Combined impact vs environmental susceptibility? and sustainability?
A stakeholder approach
Brixham Environmental Laboratory
SOLUTIONSSOLUTIONS
•Characterisation of river basin – •Review of activities impacting on water status•Sub-basin plans
River basin management plan (WFD)River basin management plan (WFD)
Ecosystem approachEcosystem approach
Biodiversity Action Plan Biodiversity Action Plan •Conservation management plans eg. SES, ASERA, MBMS•HAPs, SAPs
•Managing the activities & demands that humans make on the environment, not managing ecosystems themselves.
Brixham Environmental Laboratory
Monitoring in the Monitoring in the Severn estuarySevern estuary
NMMP site 615
Clients:CCW, EN, chemical & steel industries
Brixham Environmental Laboratory
Category Features SPA Ramsar pSAC
Birds Bewicks swan,
Migratory birds,
>20,000 wintering waterfowl
Fish Allis & Twaite shad
River & Sea lampreys
Migratory eels, trout & salmon
Estuary Large well mixed estuary
Unusual communities
Migratory birds and fish
Habitats Atlantic saltmeadow
Mudflats & sandflats
Reefs (Sabellaria)
Sandbanks
Severn estuary European Marine Site Severn estuary European Marine Site Major interest features Major interest features
Brixham Environmental Laboratory
Conservation value vs. status? Conservation value vs. status? Category Information sources Baseline Reference
or target
Birds BRERC, Avon Bird reports
WeBS
BTO
-
-
Fish GQA
UK BAP
English Nature CEMS
SEP
?
-
- +
-
?
Estuary +Invertebrates
OSPAR QSR
AZ surveys, barrage reports
NMMP report
Local BAP
?
+
?
X
- UK
? Solway
X
Habitats MNCR (more surveys in progress)
JNCC favourable condition tables
Saltmarsh HAP
Sabellaria reef HAP
?
?
?-
Brixham Environmental Laboratory
Characterisation of SW European Characterisation of SW European Marine Sites reports Marine Sites reports
•Nutrients, BOD, Metals, PAHs, PCBs, pesticides•EQS, sediment guidelines, trends?
PollutantsPollutants
Activities Activities •Discharges : industrial, municipal, diffuse agricultural?
•Migratory fish, demersal fish, inverts & birds•Sediment dwellers, biomagnification?
Impacts (targets)Impacts (targets)
Brixham Environmental Laboratory
Conclusions – what is needed? Conclusions – what is needed?
A complete local BAP•Provide guidance on ecological / conservation statusie departure from reference or target conditions?•Consider all activities with a potential to impact
Involve stakeholders•Advertise ASERA (400 visitors since Feb 2003)
Distil exisiting information•Consider existing EIAs, IPPC and COMAH documents•Identify acute then chronic toxicity (DTA)•Combine & focus monitoring – spatial vs temporal
Update GQA for estuaries
Brixham Environmental Laboratory
Declining Cd concentrations in sediment Declining Cd concentrations in sediment
CADMIUM CONCENTRATION (parts per m illion)
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
Colour key Bar height (parts per m illion)
0
2.2
G oldcliffR edw ick B lackrock
Sheperdine
N ew Passage
Severn BeachSevernside
Brixham Environmental Laboratory
Declining Cd concentrations in biota Declining Cd concentrations in biota
Carcinus maenasCADMIUM CONCENTRATION (parts per m illion)
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
Colour key Bar height (parts per million)
0
50
G oldcliffR edw ick
B lackrock
Sheperdine
N ew Passage
Severn BeachSevernside
Fucus vesiculosus
Brixham Environmental Laboratory
Fauna diversity
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
14.0
16.0
1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2002quadrat
2002cores
Mea
n n
o.
of
taxa
per
0.1
m2
Severnside
Background
Long-term trend in mudflat fauna Long-term trend in mudflat fauna
Brixham Environmental Laboratory
Mudflat fauna relative abundanceMudflat fauna relative abundance
50-1500 indivsor 1-30 gramsper 0.1 m2
Brixham Environmental Laboratory
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14-8
50
-750
-650
-550
-450
-350
-250
-150 -50
50 150
250
350
450
550
650
750
850
950
105
0
115
0
Distance from outfall (m)
Nu
mb
er o
f ta
xa
Upstream (-) Downstream (+)
Outfall
Low water invertebrate fauna diversityLow water invertebrate fauna diversity
Brixham Environmental Laboratory
Saltmarsh NVC community typesSaltmarsh NVC community types
Pioneer SM6-8
Puccinellia SM13
Elymus SM24
Brixham Environmental Laboratory
Effluent dispersion: Neap LW +4hrsEffluent dispersion: Neap LW +4hrs
Brixham Environmental Laboratory
Effluent dispersion: Neap LW +10hrsEffluent dispersion: Neap LW +10hrs
Brixham Environmental Laboratory
Effluent dispersion: Neap LW +13.5hrsEffluent dispersion: Neap LW +13.5hrs
Brixham Environmental Laboratory
Effluent dispersion: Neap LW +19.5hrsEffluent dispersion: Neap LW +19.5hrs
Brixham Environmental Laboratory
AstraZeneca whole effluent testingAstraZeneca whole effluent testingEcotoxicity expressed as % of untreated 2004 effluent Ecotoxicity expressed as % of untreated 2004 effluent
Test organism
Parameter Sample 1 Sample 2 Sample 3 Sample 4
AlgaeSkeletonema
72h EC50
72h NOEC1.8 – 3.2
1.0
5.6 – 10
3.2
3.2 – 5.6
3.2
1.0 – 1.8
1.0
Zoo-
PlanktonTisbe
48h EC50
48h NOEC16
10
22
10
24
18
5.7
<3.2
FishTurbot
24h LC50
24h NOEC35
18
29
18
24
10
24
10
Brixham Environmental Laboratory
Direct Toxicity AssessmentDirect Toxicity Assessment
EA policy“elimination of acute toxicity from receiving waters”
EA target
EA manage 20 existing toxicity based consents.
Target is to achieve 85% reduction in no. of complex chemical effluents causing acute toxicity ie a further 25 discharges will be targeted
Brixham Environmental Laboratory
PPC : HI Guidance for DTA PPC : HI Guidance for DTA Tiered Risk-based ApproachTiered Risk-based Approach
• Tier 1. Require DTA screening data if direct discharge + estimate of worst-case dilution & dispersion - unless low impact installation or case made to show inappropriate
• Tier 2. Require full DTA characterisation • 3 trophic levels (algae, invert + fish)
+ dilution and dispersion modelling• Tier 3. Toxicity Tracking & Identification