Upload
wan-hasnizar-wan-hassan
View
229
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
8/12/2019 British Parliamentary Style Debating - OVERVIEW (1)
1/42
BRITISH
PARLIAMENTARY
STYLE DEBATING
8/12/2019 British Parliamentary Style Debating - OVERVIEW (1)
2/42
RULES OVERVIEW
Speaking times
Points of information
Motions, definitions & extensions
Matter the content of a speech
Manner the structure and style of a speech
The roles of different teams in the debate
Adjudication, Marking scheme, Oral Adjudications
8/12/2019 British Parliamentary Style Debating - OVERVIEW (1)
3/42
Speaker Times
MINUTE SPEECHES 0-1min Protected from POIs
1min One Knock/bell
1-6min Open to POIs 6min One Knock/bell
6-7min Protected from POIs
7min Two Knocks/bell
Generally the Chair Judge will ask one ofthe panellists to keep the time.
8/12/2019 British Parliamentary Style Debating - OVERVIEW (1)
4/42
POINTS OF
INFORMATION(POIS)
8/12/2019 British Parliamentary Style Debating - OVERVIEW (1)
5/42
Points of Information
first and last minutes of speech areprotected
time signal to indicate these points
member offering POI should stand
speaker may accept or decline
8/12/2019 British Parliamentary Style Debating - OVERVIEW (1)
6/42
POIs should not exceed 15 seconds
The speaker may ask the offering member to sit
where the offeror has had a reasonable chance
to be understood. Members should attempt to answer at least 2
POIs in their speech. General rule is 0 is
unacceptable ,1 is just about too few, 2 is ideal,
3 is just about too many, 4+ and you areanswering questions more than giving a speech.
There are no points of order or points of
personal privilege
Points of Information
8/12/2019 British Parliamentary Style Debating - OVERVIEW (1)
7/42
POIs may take any form the offeror wishes questions, clarification, facts, challenges, rebuttal, even jokes
POIs should be assessed as matter
In very rare events a speaker will notbe offered any points and this should benoted by the judges so as not to
penalise the speaker. You cant taketwo points if you arent offered any.This will count against the other side
rather than the speaker.
Points of Information
8/12/2019 British Parliamentary Style Debating - OVERVIEW (1)
8/42
Assessing Points of Information
Effectiveness and persuasiveness of the point
Member offering point of information How did it benefit their overall case
Speaker answering point of information How did they deal with it
Participation in debate as a whole Is the point relevant to the debate. Did a speaker offer points throughout the
debate.
8/12/2019 British Parliamentary Style Debating - OVERVIEW (1)
9/42
MOTIONSAND
DEFINITIONS
8/12/2019 British Parliamentary Style Debating - OVERVIEW (1)
10/42
Motions
Open Motions
e.g. This House believes the glass is half full
Semi-closed Motions
e.g. This House would alter its genetic code
Closed Motions
e.g. This House would bomb Iran
8/12/2019 British Parliamentary Style Debating - OVERVIEW (1)
11/42
Definitions
The definition should state theissue(s) for debate arising from themotion, stating the meaning of anyterms in the motion which requireinterpretation.
PM should provide the definition atthe beginning of his/her speech.
8/12/2019 British Parliamentary Style Debating - OVERVIEW (1)
12/42
Definitions
The definition must:
(a) have a clear and logical link to the motion
(b) not be self-proving/truistic
(c) not be time-set
(d) not be place-set unfairly
8/12/2019 British Parliamentary Style Debating - OVERVIEW (1)
13/42
(a) clear and logical link
average reasonable person wouldaccept the link between motion anddefinition as explained by the speaker
semi-closed motions: treat the motion as anissue for debate
e.g. This House would alter its genetic code
closed motions: take stricter approache.g. This House would bomb Iran
8/12/2019 British Parliamentary Style Debating - OVERVIEW (1)
14/42
Squirrels will be shot on sight
Squirrels are deliberate
attempts to gain an
advantage by changingthe topic away from
the motion.
(a) clear and logical link
8/12/2019 British Parliamentary Style Debating - OVERVIEW (1)
15/42
(b) No self-proving definitions
x should / should not be done, andthere is no reasonable rebuttal
e.g. were going to argue that
murder should be illegal
x is already the case, and so there is noreasonable rebuttal
e.g. were going to argue that themurder rate in the US is higher thanin Scotland
8/12/2019 British Parliamentary Style Debating - OVERVIEW (1)
16/42
(b) No self-proving definitions
status quo cases are notnecessarily unreasonable
e.g. were going to argue that the US
should remain in Iraq
its a fair definition, because there
is a reasonable rebuttal
8/12/2019 British Parliamentary Style Debating - OVERVIEW (1)
17/42
(c) No time setting
NOT ACCEPTABLE: ...its 1936. Youreabout to be introduced to Adolf Hitler,
youve got a gun in your pocket, and
youre not particularly pleased to seehim. Were going to argue that youshould shoot him and save millions oflives...
all debates must take placein the present
8/12/2019 British Parliamentary Style Debating - OVERVIEW (1)
18/42
(d) No unfair place setting
The members should debate themotion in the INTERNATIONAL spirit ofthe motion and the tournament. Do
not define a motion in terms of localevents from your home country.
Have regard to the issue being
debated. The adjudication team haveselected motions that should bedebatable around the world.
8/12/2019 British Parliamentary Style Debating - OVERVIEW (1)
19/42
EXTENSIONS
8/12/2019 British Parliamentary Style Debating - OVERVIEW (1)
20/42
Extensions
Consider benches as coalitions.Both teams support theproposition but for different yetcomplimentary reasons and thesecond team/party must makethis difference clear in order toattract the publics (i.e. thejudges) attention and survive.
8/12/2019 British Parliamentary Style Debating - OVERVIEW (1)
21/42
Extensions
Extensions are one way for the 2nd
team to distinguish itself from the1st team.
Teams dont have to call it an
extension. The onus is on theJudge to pick up what (ifanything) they have done to
differentiate themselves.
8/12/2019 British Parliamentary Style Debating - OVERVIEW (1)
22/42
Extensions
Not OK to change the the definition
OK to expand minor arguments andmake them your own.
OK to narrow broad arguments and doa specific case study.
OK to present a new perspective.
Ok to broaden the debate intoTheoretical analysis.
8/12/2019 British Parliamentary Style Debating - OVERVIEW (1)
23/42
MATTER
8/12/2019 British Parliamentary Style Debating - OVERVIEW (1)
24/42
Matter
Matter is the content of a speech.
Matter includes arguments and
reasoning, examples, case studies,facts and any other material thatattempts to further the case.
Matter includes points of information.
8/12/2019 British Parliamentary Style Debating - OVERVIEW (1)
25/42
The Elements of Matter
Matter should be:
relevant to the debate
logical
consistent within their speech, withtheir partner, and also with the otherteam on their side of the debate
8/12/2019 British Parliamentary Style Debating - OVERVIEW (1)
26/42
The Elements of Matter
All members (except the last two in thedebate) should present positive matter.
The govt whip may choose to do so
The opp whip may not do so
All members (except the PrimeMinister) should present rebuttal
8/12/2019 British Parliamentary Style Debating - OVERVIEW (1)
27/42
Assessing Matter
Matter should be persuasive
Adopt the viewpoint of an average
reasonable person disregard anyspecialist knowledge you may have
Judge should not allow bias ordiscrimination to influence theirdecision
8/12/2019 British Parliamentary Style Debating - OVERVIEW (1)
28/42
MANNER
8/12/2019 British Parliamentary Style Debating - OVERVIEW (1)
29/42
Manner
Manner is the Presentation ofthe Speech
Style
Structure
8/12/2019 British Parliamentary Style Debating - OVERVIEW (1)
30/42
Style
Style includes any element whichaffects the overall effectiveness ofthe speakers presentation.
eye contact
voice modulation
hand gestures
clarity of language and expression
use of notes
etc.
8/12/2019 British Parliamentary Style Debating - OVERVIEW (1)
31/42
Structure
Structure of the speech should:
include an introduction, conclusion,
and a series of arguments
Use the allotted time properly
Allow for teamwork
8/12/2019 British Parliamentary Style Debating - OVERVIEW (1)
32/42
Assessing Manner
When evaluating manner youare in effect evaluating theoverall effectiveness of
presentation.
There are many styles which
are appropriate.
8/12/2019 British Parliamentary Style Debating - OVERVIEW (1)
33/42
ROLES IN A DEBATE
8/12/2019 British Parliamentary Style Debating - OVERVIEW (1)
34/42
Positions in the Debate
1. Prime Minister 2. Leader ofOpposition
3. Deputy Prime 4. Deputy Leader of
Minister Opposition
5. Member of Govt 6. Member of Opp.
7. Govt Whip 8. Opposition Whip
8/12/2019 British Parliamentary Style Debating - OVERVIEW (1)
35/42
Role of Teams in the Debate
1st govt: Definition
Justification Of Case
Rebuttal Of 1st Opp (Deputy Prime Minister)
Prime Minister: Define, Outline,
Present Argumentation.
Deputy PM: Defend, Rebutt, expandcase.
8/12/2019 British Parliamentary Style Debating - OVERVIEW (1)
36/42
1st opposition: Rebuttal
Alternative where appropriate
Leader Opp: Rebut, PresentAlternative Argumentation.
Deputy LO: Rebut, Defend,Expand alternative case
Role of Teams in the Debate
8/12/2019 British Parliamentary Style Debating - OVERVIEW (1)
37/42
2nd govtanything which makes them stand
out from the debate
job is simply to be better than 1st govt
how does a team do this? Extention.
Member Gov: Backup, Extend Governmentcase & Rebut
Gov Whip: Defend, Sum up & Rebut.Allowed new positive material
Role of Teams in the Debate
8/12/2019 British Parliamentary Style Debating - OVERVIEW (1)
38/42
2nd govt
introduce new material consistentwith 1st govt
e.g. new lines of argument
e.g. different focus to the case
e.g. widening / narrowing of debate
repetition of 1st govt isnt enough
Role of Teams in the Debate
8/12/2019 British Parliamentary Style Debating - OVERVIEW (1)
39/42
2nd opposition: rebuttal
Member Opposition: Rebut, backup &extend opposition case.
Opposition Whip: Rebut, Rebut, Rebut,Sum Up opposition case, NO newpositive material
Role of Teams in the Debate
8/12/2019 British Parliamentary Style Debating - OVERVIEW (1)
40/42
Shafting/Knifing
The extent to which the shaft will effect yourscore depends on the severity of the shaft.
Shafting the definition will almost
certainly impact on your rank
Contradicting major arguments will impacton the persuasiveness of your matter
The shaft does not have to be highlighted bythe opposing team to be assessed.
8/12/2019 British Parliamentary Style Debating - OVERVIEW (1)
41/42
Summary Speeches
Last two speakers
Summary of debate as a whole, withparticular emphasis on own team
responsive to dynamics of debate - spendmore time on the more important issues
no one correct way of doing this speaker by speaker
issue by issue
thematic
8/12/2019 British Parliamentary Style Debating - OVERVIEW (1)
42/42