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18th May 2012

Britain’s First Smart Grid: Sharing the Knowledge

John Scott john.scott@chilternpower.com

www.dnvkema.com

Overview

Where & Why…

Technical and Commercial context…

Operational experience…

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Orkney An archipelago of some 70 islands of which 20 are inhabited. Population c. 20,000

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Wh

ere

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T

he

Pla

ce Ring of Brodgar

Kirkwall Stromness

No

t ju

st

win

dfa

rms

European Marine Energy Centre (EMEC) is a Scottish Government-backed research facility that has installed a wave testing system at Billia Croo on the Orkney Mainland and a tidal power testing station on the island of Eday.

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Cons

train

edlin

e

Th

e 3

3k

V n

etw

ork

Wind farm with rating in MW

2.7MW

Single turbine with rating in MW WESTRAY

9.95MW SANDAY

Open

Marine Energy with rating in MW

Fossil Fuel generator ROUSAY Tidal 4MW

0.9MW

EDAY

point

STRONSAY with rating in MW

0.9MW

15.3 MW BURGAR HILL

Potential Constrained 2.55 MW

Cable 0.9MW

0.9MW 0.9MW

4.5 MW

SHAPINSAY

Constrained cable

0.9MW

KIRKWALL

STROMNESS Diesel 15MW 0.9MW

Wave 7MW

SCORRADALE ST MARYS

NORTH HOY 0.85 MW

0.9MW LYNESS FLOTTA

2.0 MW Gas 10.5MW

11kV circuit

33kV circuit

33kV interconnector to Scotland

33/11kV sub station

Map by Martin Lee 1992 to 2011

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Sc

he

ma

tic

North Hoy Lyness 0.9MW wind

Flotta Oil Terminal 10.5MW Gas Turbines

Flotta 2.0MW wind

St Marys 1.75MW wind

Kirkwall 16MW Diesel 0.9MW wind

Shapinsay

Shapinsay 0.9MW wind

Stronsay

Stronsay 2.25MW wind

Stronsay 0.9MW wind

Sanday

Sanday 9.95MW wind Eday

Eday 4.0MW Tidal

Westray 2.7MW wind

Rousay 0.9MW wind Burgar Hill

12.5MW wind

Hammars Hill 4.5MW wind

Stromness 0.9MW wind 7.0MW wave

Open point

Scorradale

Voltage Regulators

Hoy

Ba

ck

gro

un

dThe ANMThe ANM

• The Active Network Management scheme is a smart grid solution to Orkney network congestion

Beyond BAU

Beyond BAU

• Conventionally, further generation would haverequired a new submarine cable to the mainland

OutcomeOutcome

• Generation connections beyond traditional ‘firmcapacity’ limits have been enabled

ContextContext

• Implemented in a commercial environment • With close stakeholder engagement

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Ba

ck

gro

un

dBAUBAU

• Conventional inter-tripping arrangementsenabled 21MW of additional capacity to beconnected

ANMANM

• A further 20 MW of renewable generation hasbeen enabled by the ANM scheme

££££££

• Cost of ANM scheme c. £500k • Cost of subsea cable reinforcement c. £30m

TimeTime • 5 years from concept to active operation

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T

ec

hn

ica

l o

utl

ine

ANMANM

• The scheme monitors the network and curtails generation to maintain network security

DesignDesign

• Fail-safe was the design mantra: for plant, staff,connected consumers and the wider public

PLCsPLCs • The controller utilises Programmable Logic

Controllers (PLCs)

Not SCADA

Not SCADA

• Decision-making in real time cannot readily beprovided by SCADA systems

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ANM Scheme control point

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Measurements and Generators

C

om

me

rcia

l o

utl

ine

LIFOLIFO

• A range of alternatives was considered • Curtailment is on a LIFO basis (Last in First out) • It is simple and has a ‘feels fair’ quality

AnalysisAnalysis

• The curtailment analysis was accepted by lendersfor the commercial investment cases

ChoicesChoices

• Alternatives to LIFO could be explored but there will likely be ‘devil in the detail’

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C

om

me

rcia

l o

utl

ine

QueuesQueues

• A place in the LIFO stack is key to generators butis complex where there are many parties

EntryEntry

• Clear requirements for queue entry needed • Planning consent confirmation and a deposit

EngagementEngagement

• Local stakeholders have collaborated with commercial ventures

• Hammars Hill Energy Ltd (4.5MW) includes localshare ownership

5 x 900kW Enercon wind turbines

R

eg

ula

tory

ou

tlin

eRPZRPZ

• At the time of scheme conception Ofgemoperated the Registered Power Zone (RPZ)incentive arrangements

BoundingBounding

• The RPZ status was considered helpful • It bounded the special arrangements

LIFOLIFO

• Ofgem indicated their support for a simple LIFOarrangement for this project

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It

s O

pe

rati

on

Control Room

• A distinctively new facility for control staff • DNO planning/control room staff early

involvement

Security

• Training packages built and delivered by SGS • Fail-safe operation to a stable operating condition

is important for operator's confidence

Events

• Loss of BT private wire communication has been the main cause of unnecessary output reductions

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It

s O

pe

rati

on

Control Room

• Generators would like more information about scheme operation in real time

Security

• Is the scheme operating as intended – or is revenue being lost needlessly?

• When will normal operation be resumed?

Events

• No malfunctions of the system have beenobserved

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L

ea

rnin

g P

oin

tsDesign

• Redundancy wise for communications channels • Consider remote IT access for contractors

Response

• When the scheme goes to fail safe mode, capability for self-restart on resolution is helpful

• Pinpoint the failed element where a third party provides a key service

Stakeholders

• Messaging in plain language benefits all parties • Induction training is important, with periodic

refreshment, especially in community schemes

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De

ve

lop

me

nt

Extend

• Opportunities identified to extend the scheme further eg State Estimation, DSM, Storage

Integrate

• Reactive power management of the wind turbines could be incorporated in the control strategy

Platforms

• There is scope to develop the processing architecture (a Java platform perhaps)

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K

EM

A’s

su

mm

ary

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Break up into Streams

• Commercial stream: Remain in Riverside Room

• Technical stream : Move to Faraday Room

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Britain’s First Smart Grid: Sharing the Knowledge

Thank you for your attention

John Scott

www.chilternpower.com

+44 7771 975 623

www.dnvkema.com