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Bring Back the Lakes Revival of Bengaluru Lakes
Date: 13th June’2016
Karnataka Lake Conservation & Development Authority (KLCDA)
Brief History
The City built by Sri.Kempegowda, 468 years ago, has well-developed natural drainage system. Bangalore had more than 400 lakes, interlinked by a system of canals (Rajakalave) that followed the natural gradient of the land in which excess water from one lake would flow through waste-weirs into the next lake/ tank, thereby preventing flooding. This system could be maintained for a long time, through the colonial period, till more recent times. This has contributed enormously for creating micro climate in the City as well high level of recharging of ground water in the city.
PART -I – AN OVERVIEW
• Bangalore - “The City of Lakes”
• Kempegowda (16th Century)
- Founder of Bangalore
- Established several tanks for • Drinking
• Irrigation
• Domestic purposes
• Maintain the water-table
• Flood mitigation
• To enhance the beauty of ‘Garden City’
Water bodies Area in Acres
Kere/ Lake > 3
Gokatte 1-3
Kunte < 1
Lakes of Bengaluru
Details of BBMP areas & Water supply/ Waste water generation in Bengaluru (BWSSB)
Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Plaike (BBMP) comprises of 800 Sq Kms consists of core area (245 Sq Kms), erstwhile CMC/ TMC (330 Sq Kms) and 110 Villages (225 Sq Kms)
BWSSB is supplying 1400 MLD of water from River Cauvery. It is estimated that about 250 MLD water is utilized from bore well supply (public + private). Total water supply is 1650 MLD.
Out of the quantity of water supplied, 80% will convert in to wastewater. It is estimated that 40% of the quantity of wastewater generated will flow towards Vrishabhavathi valley, 40% towards Koramangala and Challaghatta Valley and 20% towards Hebbal valley. Vrishabhavathi valley joins Arkavathy river which in turn joins River Cauvery at Sangam, Kanakapura taluk. Koramangala, Challaghatta and Hebbal valleys joins South Pinakini river which in turn joins Penniyar river.
As on today, core area & erstwhile CMC/ TMC area covering 550 Sq Kms is supplied with Cauvery water and rest depends on bore well water (public & private).
Core area is provided with UGD network of 3300 Kms lateral and 300 Kms of sub-mains, mains and trunk sewers. Laterals are repaired/ replaced/ rehabilitated as and when required with Board funds and in case of sub-mains, mains and trunk sewers involves huge costs depends on outside/ external funding
In respect of erstwhile CMC/ TMC area, providing of UGD network is in progress under KMRP/ JnNURUM/ State/ Board funds. Laterals of 2400 Kms and submains/mains/ trunk sewers of 340 Kms is being provided as UGD. Work is in progress and expected to be completed by end of 2016.
Contd….
With respect to 110 Villages, a Detailed Project Report costing Rs.2800 Cr for water supply component and Rs.2300 Cr for UGD facilities including Road restoration totalling to Rs.5100 Cr is approved by GoK, cleared by CPHEEO and now it is with DEA for external funding from JICA. The project includes water supply and 2590 Kms of UGD network. Requires 4 to 5 years for completion when once it is approved.
Contd….
Wastewater Treatment – Existing – 14 Nos. – 721 MLD capacity – treating up to
80% capacity due to connectivity problem – works are under progress – full capacity utilization by end of 2016
Under Constructions – 10 Nos. – 336 MLD capacity – expected to be completed – K & C Valley by March 2017 – V Valley by end of 2018
Some of the projects of BWSSB are recently approved and some of them are in pipeline. After the commissioning of these treatment plants the total treatment capacity will increase to 1761 MLD by 2020.
R.R. Nagar
K.R. Puram
Yelahanka
Byatrayanpura
Bommanahalli
Mahadevapura
Kengeri
Dasarahalli
Core area 245 Sq. Km 8 ULB 330 Sq. Km 110 Villages 225 Sq. Km Total 800 Sq. Km
Core Area
BWSSB Service Area 800.00 Sq.km
110 Villages
8
BB MP-KEY-MAP
Reports • Expert Committee Report on preservation of lakes
(Sri N. Lakshman Rau, 1986) • Karnataka Legislature Joint House Committee Report
(Sri A.T.Ramaswamy, 2006) • On encroachment of Government land (lake bed &
Gomala land) • Recovery of Public Land - Task Force Report
(Sri V.Balasubramanian, 2011) • Committee constituted by Hon’ble High Court of Karnataka
(Hon’ble Sri Justice N.K. Patil, 2011) • Resurvey of lake area & interconnecting lake canals
About KLCDA Act 2014
• Earlier LDA (Lake Development Authority)
• Formulated as KLCDA under the Karnataka Lake Conservation and Development Authority Act, 2014
• Lakes/ water bodies in the 11 corporations of the State has been taken under the control
• Major roles are – Monitor the status of lake in 11 corporations
– Maintain the ledgers about the lakes
– Approve the DPR for rejuvenation of lakes
– Take stringent action on the polluters
PART -II – LEGISLATIVE FRAME WORK
Salient Features of KLCDA
• Government of Karnataka has passed the Karnataka Lake Conservation & Development Authority Act 2014 vide its Notification No. No.SAMVYASHAE 07 SHASANA 2012, Bangalore dated 07.03.2015.
• The Government has published Rules of Karnataka Lake Conservation & Development Authority vide notification dated: 05.03.2016.
• The Government has sanctioned 96 posts of different cadres to be filled by deputation basis vide Government order dated: 11.11.2015.
• The Chief Secretary to Government of Karnataka is the Chairman of Governing Council of the Authority.
• The Additional Chief Secretary to Government, Forest, Ecology and Environment Department is the Chairman of Executive Committee of the Authority.
• To exercise regulatory control over all the lakes within its jurisdictions including prevention and removal of encroachment of lake.
• To protect, conserve, reclaim, regenerate and restore lakes to
facilitate recharge of depleting ground water by promoting integrated approach with the assistance of concerned Government departments, local and other authorities.
• The take up environmental planning and mapping of lakes and their surrounding area with the help of geographical information system and prepare database and atlas of lakes and their catchments.
Important functions of the Authority
• To prepare a plan for integrated development of lakes.
• To encourage participation of communities and voluntary and agencies and to launch public awareness programmes for lake conservation, preservation and protection of lakes.
• To do such other acts as the authority may consider necessary, conducive or incidental, directly or indirectly, to achieve the object of this act.
Important Powers of the Authority
To cause entry upon or authorize any officer to enter upon any land, to survey, demarcate and make a map of lakes
To receive grants, donations, contributions, deposits and rents, and to levy fees or charges for development and maintenance of lakes at such rates approved by the Government.
The Authority has powers to remove any illegal construction of buildings or encroachment of lake area etc, seize, evict and confiscate the property and impose penalty.
To grant technical approval to any project proposal made by any Government department or organization or association or person interest in developing, maintaining, conserving or protecting a lake and also to take up such activities on its own which shall be approved by the Government.
Act provides to impose penalty of not less than five years imprisonment and with a fine of rupees one lakh.
KLCDA Bengaluru Jurisdiction
3.57% of Lake Area
BBMP Area - 809.49 km2
192 Lakes Covering of 25.350 Km2
Lakes under KLCDA jurisdiction in Bengaluru (above 3 acres)
SL.NO. NAME OF THE TALUK TOTAL NO. OF LAKES
1 BANGALORE EAST TALUK 104
2 BANGALORE NORTH TALUK 160
3 BANGALORE SOUTH TALUK 147
4 ANEKAL TALUK 60
5 Hosakote Taluk, Bangalore Rural
Dist 5
Total 476
Lake details and there custodians in the Bengaluru city
Sl.
No.
Name of the
Department
No. Of tanks in
Custody
No. Of Tanks
restored
No. Of Tanks
under
progress
No of tanks
yet to taken
up
1 BBMP 109 53 14 42
2 BDA 92 12 17 63
3 KFD 5 - 5 -
4 KLCDA 4 3 1 -
Total 210 68 37 105
Lakes in the Jurisdiction-Mahanagara Palike in Karnataka
Sl No. Name of the Districts Total No of Lakes
1 Belagavi (Belgaum) 8
2 Bellary 4
3 Vijayapura (Bijapura) 2
4 Davangere 2
5 Kalaburgi (Gulbarga) 1
6 Hubli-Dharwad 27
7 Mangaluru (Mangalore) 0
8 Mysore 8
9 Shimoga 22
10 Tumkur 10
Total 84
Non-Existing Lakes
Kethamaranahalli lake Converted as Ground Agrahara lake Converted as BBMP Ground
Makali lake Converted as Warehouse Kasaba Yeshwantpur lake Converted as Hospital
Issues being faced by the water bodies/ Lakes (BBMP & BDA Area)
Soil Excavation in Gantiganahalli Lake Sand Mining in Kudurigere Lake
Encroachment photos
• Dumping of Wastes
• Inflow of Sewage Weeds
Garbage dump in Basappana Katte
Sewage inflow in Andarahalli Lake Weeds in Chikkabanavara Lake
Garbage Float in Nellagadarahalli Lake Garbage in Chokkasandra Lake Drain
Encroachment (EMPRI Database)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Bng. North Bng. East Bng. South Anekal Hoskote
127
79
126
59
5
65
42
73
34
5
No
. of
Lake
s
Taluk Name
Existing Lakes No. of lakes have possible Encroachments
2005
2016
Laggeri-Basappana katte
• Roads • Park • Temple • Residential Houses/ Layout • Grave Yard • Agriculture
Water Quality • KSPCB is monitoring water quality of 48 lakes in Bengaluru City.
• In March 2014, 21 lake are dried, Four Lakes have D class water and remaining 23 lakes have E class water
• In March’2015, six lakes are dried, Sankey tank water is C class, eight lakes have D class water and other lakes have class E water
• Since the year 2015-2016, KSPCB is monitoring 75 lakes on monthly basis.
• Result shows that
– 25 lakes have D class water quality
– 46 lakes have E class water quality
– Four lakes water quality are Below E class
• Somasundra Palya lake, Thigalarapalya lake, Gangondanahalli lake & Kammasandra lake
Causes
• Major Causes
– Encroachment
– Pollution due to entry of sewage and disposal of solid wastes
• Other Causes
– Siltation & excavation of earth
– Buffer zone
– Broken interlinks of drains/ streams
– Lack of awareness among the stakeholders
1. Public Private Participation (PPP)
2. Rejuvenate lakes through Authorities
3. Generate Database through EMPRI
4. Initiatives taken under the KLCDA Act
5. Rejuvenate lakes under CSR
Initiatives by KLCDA
• Nagavara, Vengaiahnakere & Hebbal lakes
• Court Intervention and stay
Initiative-1: PPP
Initiative-2: Revival through Authorities
Authorities No. of Lakes
under custodian
Lakes Rejuvenated
Lakes under Rejuvenation
KLCDA 4 3 1
BBMP 109 53 14
BDA 92 12 17
Forest Department 5 - 5
Total Lakes 210 68 37
* Still 105 lakes have to be restored
1. Inventories all the water bodies (Kere, Kunte & Katte) 2. Document the present status of water bodies
– Morphometric characteristics – Assess & document the pollution, issues – Assess the water quality
3. Create Comprehensive Database using Microsoft Excel Morphometric Characteristics with 27 attributes
Non-Existing water bodies details with 9 attributes
Water Quality & Biodiversity details with 22 attributes
Issues include encroachment & pollution such as solid waste dump, sewage inflow has been included as 15 attributes
4. Generate Lake Atlas
Initiative-3: Database by EMPRI
Database
Database Content Attributes
Morphometric Characteristics 28
Details of Non-Existing Lakes 2
Water Quality & Biodiversity 17 (12+5)
Issues 11
Total 76
– Morphometric Characteristics
Lake Atlas
Section 5(1) of KLCDA Act envisages that –
“ to exercise regulatory control over all the lakes within its
jurisdictions including prevention and removal of encroachment of lakes.”
Section (11) of KLCDA Act envisages that-
“Authorized officer is a Group A officer of the State Civil Services who shall exercise powers under this Act and such other powers as may be specified by the Government from time to time.”
To achieve this objective Government of Karnataka/ Karnataka Lake Conservation & Development Authority has taken action to appoint Authorized officer vide G.O. No.FEE 8 ENV 2016 dated 19.05.2016.
Initiative-4: Appointment of Authorized, Designated & Empowered officer as per the KLCDA Act
Section 12 of KLCDA Act 2014, KLCDA may designate or appoint any officers as Designated officer to be incharge of one or more lakes to ensure their protection, conservation, development and for any other purpose.
Section 13 of KLCDA Act 2014, KLCDA may designate or appoint any officer as Empowered officer to carry out any of the works assigned by the Designated officer.
In this direction KLCDA has already taken action to appoint Designated and Empowered Officer vide O.M. No.KLCDA/25/EST/2015-16/210 dated 03.06.2016.
Section 5(10) of KLCDA Act envisages that –
“ to encourage participation of communities and voluntary agencies and to launch public awareness programmes for lake conservation, preservation and protection of lakes.”
In this direction Government of Karnataka has taken action to appoint “Lake Warden” vide G.O. No. FEE 99 ENV 2016 dated 19.05.2016 involving public which enables the custodian authority of the lake to have a interface with the public on the issues of lake protection, conservation and development. This will help the authorities in taking action for abating the pollution, encroachment and dumping of debris problem in and around the lakes.
Initiative-4 (Present): Under CSR
• CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility)
Government of Karnataka has also taken action to organize a Workshop titled “Bring Back the Lakes” to encourage the Industries and Corporate Sectors under the CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) initiative to support for rejuvenation, restoration, conservation and development of lakes in Bengaluru.
Lake Revival • Core Works
– Desiltation – Bund Strengthening – Foreshore Planting – Inlet & waste weir restoration – Divert sewage? and construction of STP – Artificial wetland
• Non-Core Works – Walkways – Boat Jetties – Idol Immersion Tank – Park & Children Play area – Superstructures – Gazebo, Food Courts, Toilet
Nature of works taken up in Lake Development projects
Sl No Particulars 1 Construction of wet land.
2 Strengthening of Bund.
3 RCC drain for sewage / waste water diversion
4 Desilting, Deweeding, Construction of Pathways / Walk ways
5 Construction of Silt trap and screen barriers
6 Improvements to storm water inlets, outlets and catchment area
7 Improvements to outlets Such as Sluice and Waste weir
8 Construction of Kalyani / Tank for Idol immersion
9 Afforestation, Landscaping, development of Garden, plantation around the
lake.
10
Developmental activities around the lake for recreational facilities Such as
– children’s park, litter bins, fountains, boat jettys, Gazzebos, watch towers
etc.
11 Boundary Protection works (Chain link Fencing).
12 Community participation and Environmental Education – if necessary.
13 STP Works if necessary.
14 Electrification such as High mast and park lighting.
