Dr. Maksym IURZHENKO

Brief introduction in

Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the NAS of Ukraine (Kyiv, Ukraine)

Plastics Welding Department, Paton Electric Welding Institute of the NAS of

Ukraine (Kyiv, Ukraine)

Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry

National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine

Kyiv, Ukraine

The IMC NASU employs about 250 workers in 7

Departments, including 1 Fellow and 2 Corresponding

Members of National Academy of Sciences, 7

Professors, 10 Doctors of Sciences (DSc) and 73

Candidates of sciences (Ph.D.). More than 50 young

scientists and PhD students work in the Institute and take

a huge part in a scientific process of the Institute. 3 of the

young specialists have joint supervision of the Ukrainian

and European leading scientists.

The IMC NASU undertakes researches in the several key areas of polymer science-fundamental

aspects of polymer chemistry, chemistry and physic-chemistry of polymer composite materials,

technology of functional polymers and composites on their base, creation of the theoretical base for

modification of polymer materials and researches in the polymers for medical applications.

The first step to Bioplastics have been already done:

Project «Environmentally safe natural degradable polymers as a way to maintenance of purity of

environment of Ukraine» supported under Grant of the President of Ukraine for the gifted youth

(order No. 72/2012).

Plastics Welding Department

Paton Electric Welding Institute

National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine

Kyiv, Ukraine

Plastics Welding Department

PWD filelds of interest:

- welding with the heated instrument

- thermoresistive welding

- ultrasonic welding

- laser welding

- R&D in the field of nature, structure and

complex properties of welded joints

- R&D in welding processing, technologies

and equipment

- 2014 — start of bioplastics welding direction

Outlines

What is the problem with plastics and plastic wastes in Ukraine?

Basic problems and some obstacle with plastics recovery and recycling in Ukraine

The R&D area

The State support and Enterprises

Perspectives, which are at the top now

NIP

Who are we?

Problems with plastics in Ukraine PRODUCTION

From 60% up to 20% of Ukrainian production, from 40% up to

80% of import from 2007-2011

Negative index of plastics production, positive index of goods

production **

First quarter 2014: Production of rubber and plastic decreased

for 10% comparing to the same period of 2013. Production of

rubber decreased for 3,5%, production of plastics decreased

for 11,0% ***

*Vakulich A. Innovative approaches in solving problems of chemical industry in Ukraine. Theoretical and Practical Aspects of Economics and Intellectual Property, 2013, Issue 1, Vol. 2, p. 72-76.

** Voznyk O.M. Trends of development of rubber and plastics production in Ukraine. Effective economics, 2010.

URL: http://www.economy.nayka.com.ua/?op=1&z=263.

*** Kashporovsky O. During the first four months in Ukraine decreased production of plastics, glass and rubber products. Economics, 08/06/2014.

URL: http://ua.golos.ua/ekonomika/14_06_08_za_pervyie_chetyire_mesyatsa_v_ukraine_sokratilos_proizvodstvo_plastmass_st

Golos.ua © 2014.

**** Tumkiv K. The plastic mine. Ukraine turns to plastic waste landfill, Reporter (UA), 2013, 35.

URL: http://ua.korrespondent.net/journal/1393756-korrespondent-plastikova-mina-ukrayina-peretvoryuetsya-na-zvalishche-plastikovih-vidhodiv

WASTES ****

6 000 legal dumps, more than 9 000 hectares,

52 000 000 m3 per year

30 000 illegal dumps

Only 30 000 of dustbins and 30 waste recycling enterprises in

Ukraine. Needs are in more than 10 times

200 000 tons of PE bottles and bags per year and only 7% are

recycled.

In 2011 8% of domestic wastes were utilized. Among them

4,2% were burned at combustion plants and only 3,8% were

recycled.

Basic problems with plastics recovery and recycling in Ukraine (the main word is only)

* Data of Eurostat, Let’s do it!, Ukrecoresursy

** Tumkiv K. The plastic mine. Ukraine turns to plastic waste landfill, Reporter (UA), 2013, 35.

URL: http://ua.korrespondent.net/journal/1393756-korrespondent-plastikova-mina-ukrayina-peretvoryuetsya-na-zvalishche-plastikovih-vidhodiv

Service obstacles ** •Only 75% of people have a service of the domestic waste

recovery, thus 30 000 illegal dumps appear per year.

•Only 185 human settlements have the divided domestic

wastes’ recovery

•Only 8 human settlements have only 12 wastes’ dividing

enterprises, 14 are built now

•Only 30 000 of dustbins (for example, comparing to 60

millions of dustbins in Germany) and only 30 waste

recycling enterprises (for example, comparing to 500

waste recycling enterprises in Germany) in Ukraine

Financial obstacles ** •Recycling of 1 ton of plastic wastes costs ≈ 10 €

•Recovery at legal dump costs ≈ 8 €

•Recovery at illegal dump costs ≈ 3-4 € or even free of

charge

•Waste recycling enterprises need millions of investment

into waste dividing equipment

•One dustbin costs ≈ 150 €, one waste dividing equipment

costs ≈ 60 000 €

Social obstacles ** •No law regulation of plastic wastes’ collection and recycling

•Penalty for littering in a forest is only ≈ 17-51 € (for example,

comparing to ≈ 1 200 € in Czech Republic and even 1 600 € in

Canada

•Kyiv is provided with 70% of divided dustbins for plastics, but

most people ignore them throwing out the mixed wastes

•Ukraine is provided with only 10% of divided dustbins for

plastics *

Obstacles at the law level

The law of Ukraine in draft № 2353 "On limiting the production, use, import and distribution in

Ukraine of plastic bags and packaging of long cleavage." has been represented in the Parliament of

Ukraine on 20 February 2013. The bill proposed to ban from manufacture, use, importation, and paid

or free distribution of plastic packages of long cleavage with a volume of less than 35 liters and a

thickness of less than 0.025 mm, on the territory of Ukraine (except transit) starting from July 1, 2013.

This law in draft failed with the following formulation: “Failure to use plastic bags and other

packaging referred in the bill number 2353 from 20.02.2013 y., will stop most industries of Ukrainian

goods and industrial products, will freeze trading operations and will not allow to import and export

goods and packaged products. The consequences of such a step would be unpredictable”.

The Ukrainian Packaging & Environmental Coalition and the Club of Packers, that is community

non-commercial organization and includes more than 80 manufacturers and users of packaging

materials and equipment, the biggest pulp and paper plants, manufacturers of plastic, glass and

metallic packaging, engineering plants, consulting, advertising, publishing and commercial

companies have signed this refuse.

Research in the field The mostly well-known R&D organizations in the field of bioplastics are:

• Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the NAS of Ukraine (in partnership with the Plastics

Welding Department of the E.O.Paton Electric Welding Institute of the NAS of Ukraine) (Kyiv)

• Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics of the NAS of Ukraine (Kyiv)

• Institute of Colloidal Chemistry of the NAS of Ukraine (Kyiv)

• Institute of Bio-colloidal chemistry of the NAS of Ukraine (Kyiv)

• Ukrainian State University of Chemical Technology (Dnipropetrovsk)

• Shevchenko National University (Kyiv)

• Kyiv Polytechnic National University (Kyiv)

• National University of Food Technologies (Kyiv)

•Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University (Ivano-Frankivsk)

• Lviv Polytechnic National University (Lviv)

• Franko National University (Lviv)

• etc

State organization “Ukrecoresursy”

State organization “Ukrecoresursy” (under Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources of Ukraine, Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine). The main governmental organization that is to increase collection, recycling and disposal of waste as secondary raw materials, according to the Law "On Basic Principles (strategy) of the State Environmental Policy of Ukraine for the period till 2020".

Target objectives:

organization of separate collection, recycling and disposal of waste as secondary raw materials, including used containers and packaging materials, reducing landfill waste.

creation and operation of a system for monitoring traffic of containers and packaging materials and their disposal;

functioning system for handling the containers and packing materials in accordance with the requirements of the EU Directive on packaging and packaging waste 94/62/CE and cooperation with the European system of packaging «PRO EUROPE» - Implementation of the Packaging Directive by Privately Operated Schemes in Europe.

BIOPLASTIC

Company produces the PE, PP and PS packages being

an official and licensed representative of

EPI Environmental Products Inc. (Canada) in Ukraine.

Plastic packages made with PE, PP or PS containing

TDPA (totally degradable plastic additive) invented by EPI

company are destructed under the impact of heating,

ultraviolet and mechanical stress during 2 months. After

that biodegradation of monomers runs under the impact

of bacteria (ASTM 6954 standard)

UKRPLASTIC

Company provides full cycle production of flexible polymer

packaging materials: from granules and paints to finished

roll materials and packs. Most flexible packaging materials

are produced under registered trade marks: BIPAN

®,SOLAN ® ALPAN ® VIPAN ® TWISPAN ®.

Company introduced an efficient environmental

management system; the company regularly proves the

compliance of its production and products with international

standard ISO 14001:2004 (environmental safety), ISO

22000:2005 (safety of products), and ISO 9001:2008

(quality).

As one of the biggest plastics manufacturer in Ukraine

company provides various projects on R&D of bioplastics

Enterprises

LiGoil

Company produces the PE packages being an official and

licensed representative of Symphony Environmental

Ltd. (UK) in Ukraine. Plastic packages made with PE

obtained from various consumers containing degradable

plastic additive d2w invented by Symphony Environmental

Ltd.

RosanPak

Company produces plastic packages for the biggest

Ukrainian, European and Asian producers, such as:

“Nestle”, “Alterwest”, “Maxima”(Lithuania) supermarket

chain, “Baskin-Robbins”, “Santa Bremor”, “Svitoch”,

“Hercules”, “Konti”, “Troyanda”, “Lasunka”, “Rud’”.

Company has already started production of plastic

packages based on PLA, but the project was stopped

because of absent interest from the customers side.

Pentalak

Company produces protective polyurethane coatings from

biopolymers based on recycled natural plant oil.

Biopolytech

Company produces biopolymers based on

exopolysaccharides for oil production.

Perspectives ?

2013:

63 millions tons of corn

11 millions tons of sunflower

etc

+

Presence of the experienced staff and

manufacture of traditional plastics

What to do next?

- State and regional support of bioplastics manufacturers and consumers

(absent in Ukraine)

- Law regulation (absent in Ukraine)

- Tax benefits (or some other economical stimulus) for bioplastics

manufacturers and consumers (absent in Ukraine)

- Governmental support of R&D activities and pilot production of bioplastics

(absent in Ukraine)

- Preparedness and willingness of society for wastes dividing and presence of

infrastructure for divided wastes collection (absent in Ukraine)

- Systematic cooperation and coordination of Government, Society, R&D

organizations and Enterprises (absent in Ukraine)

…and NIP is just for that! Information

Coordination

Dissemination

Project management

Knowledge transfer

Support

etc

Thank you for your attention

& for the possibility to be here!