Breeds, Types, and Classes of Horses

Chapter 3

Breeding True: The offspring will almost always

posses the same characteristics as the parent

3 Foundation Stallions of Thoroughbred

Darley Arabian Byerly Turk Godophin Arabian

Foundation Sire of the Morgan Justin Morgan

Foundation Sire of the Tennessee Walking Horse:

Morgan Stallion Allen F-1

Morgan stallions contributed to the development:

Standardbred Quarter American Albino Palomino

Height: Measured in hands From top of withers to the ground Hand = 4 inches

Classification of Horses: Light: 12-17.2 hands

900 to 1400 lbsUsed for: riding driving show, racing,

or utility on farm or ranch Draft: 14.2-17.2 hands

1400lbs or >Used for: heavy work or pulling

Ponies: 14.2 or < hands500 to 900 lbs.

Warm vs Cold Blood: Warm: refers to temperament of

light to medium horse breeds-fine boned and suitable for riding-all breeds not definitely Cold: heavy, solid, strong horses

with a calm temperment

Cob: Sturdy, placid horse 14.2 to 15.2 hands Not heavy or coarse enough to be

draft

Hack: Enjoyable Good riding or driving Saddlebred in America

Miniature Horses: 34 inches at the withers max

Feral Horses: Once domesticated and now wild ADA – mustang

Donkey breeds:

1. Mammoth Jack2. Large Standard3. Miniature Mediterranean Donkey4. American Spotted Ass

Miniature donkeys: 36 inches or < in height

Mule or Hinny: cross between donkey and horse

Mule: offspring of a male donkey (jack) and a female horse (mare)

Hinny: cross male horse (stallion) and a female donkey (jenny)

Mare Female horse Usually after having an offspring.

Filly Young female horse

Brood Mare Mare that is used strictly for

breeding

Stallion Male horse STUD

Colt Young male horse

Gelding Castrated Male Horse

Foal Young Horse male or female

Hand Unit of measurement for horses 4 inches

Pony A breed of horse that is under 14.2

hands.

Light Horse Most horses, riding size. Above 14.2 hands 800 – 1200 lbs.

Draft Horse Work horses Above 14 hands 1100 – 2500 lbs

Colors of Horses

Black

Solid black all over its bodyMane, tail, skin and points black

Bay: always has a

black mane and tail and usually has black points. Can vary from a light, yellowish tan to a dark, rich reddish brown color.

Brown Coat varies from

medium to dark brown

Sorrel or Chestnut Basically red Mane and tail

never black

Gray Mixture of black and white hairs Dark skin Born dark and lighten with age

Paint Piebald: black and

white spot Skewbald: white and

any other color than black

Tobiano: white color extends downward over the horse’s back

Overa: white extends up from the belly and legs towards the back

Palomino Golden color, with

a light colored mane and tail

Mane and tail can be white, silver, or ivory

Buckskin or Dun Modifications of the

bay color pattern Color ranges from

pale yellow to a dirty canvas color

May show a dark stripe down its back and across its shoulders

White A true white is

born white and stays white

Pure white hair, pinks skin, and brown or blue eyes

Blue or Red Roan Has a mixture of

white and colored hairs