Breastfeeding 1

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BreastfeedingRaymund Christopher R. dela Peña, RN, RM, MANUNP-College of Nursing

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Anatomy and Physiology of Breasts





Breasts– Also known as Mammary glands– Composed of glandular tissue and fat cells

• Basic Components of the Breasts– Lactocyte– Alveoli– Lactiferous Ducts – Areola



Hormones:• Prolactin – stimulates the

breasts to develop in preparation for lactation.–causes alveoli to take nutrients

(proteins, sugars) from the blood supply and turn them into breast milk.



• Oxytocin - causes the cells around the alveoli to contract and eject the milk down the Lactiferous ducts.

• Let-Down Reflex - passing of the milk down the ducts –Can also be triggered by the sound

of a baby crying or by thinking about the baby.



Colostrum• usually present until after the fifth or sixth

month of pregnancy• Appears after 3-4 days post partum• Antibody-rich yellow fluid • High in protein and low in fat and sugar• Protein content is three times higher than

mature milk





• Fore Milk - the first milk the baby receives– thin and watery with a light blue tinge. – largely water needed to satisfy your baby’s

thirst.

• Hind Milk – “New Milk”– Formed after the let-down reflex.– Higher in fat than fore milk.– Makes a breast-fed infant grow most rapidly





Advantages• B - est for baby• R - educes incidence of

allergies• E - conomical• A - ntibodies• S - tool, easy passage• T- emperature is always ideal



• F- resh• E - motionally bonding• E - asy once established• D - igested easily (2-3 hours)• I - mmediately available• N - utritionally optimum• G - astroenteritis reduced



S - tool, easy passage



Disadvantages:• K -vitamin K deficiency in breast-

milk • I – nfection transmission risk eg

HIV • D - rugs excreted in milk • S - tressful and tiring for mother



Adequate• Wets 6-8 diapers/day; gaining weight

• Full Breast Feeding – average of 8-10 feedings in 24hrs. (6-8 feedings at daytime and at least 1-2 feedings at night.)



Contraindications• Maternal Factors

– Active PTB– Chronic Cardiac Problem– HIV/Hepatitis Infection– Active Herpes Lesions on the Breast– Psychosis– Use of drugs– Pregnancy – Sever Malnutrition



• Infant Conditions–Cleft Lip/Palate–Facial Paralysisa–Galactosemia, Phenlyketonuria and Lactose intolerance





Nursing Positions• Cradle Hold – Sitting upright, place baby’s

body on his side across the lap, facing the mother. Make mom support the baby’s head in the crook of her elbow with forearm. The baby’s knees are underneath the other breast. The infant’s head, back and legs should all be in a straight line.



• Cross-Cradle Hold – Similar to the cradle hold but the mother uses her opposite arm to hold him, supporting his head with her open hand.

• Football hold – Tuck baby under the arm holding his head and neck in her hand, feet extending toward her back.

• Side Lying – the mother and the baby lie on their side facing each other.





• BREAST CARE • – A care rendered in preparation for

breastfeeding.

• Importance of Breast Care:• promote comfort• retains breast shape• prevents back strains• sensitivity of the breast in pregnancy is relieved• maintain proper hygiene



Guidelines in doing Breast Carefor Breast Feeding Women

- Instruct mother to wash areola and nipples with water, without soap or a washcloth.

- - Advise the mother with sore or irritated nipples to apply ice compress just before breast feeding.

- - Suggest that lubricating the nipple with a few drops of expressed breast milk before feeding may help prevent tenderness.



• Recommend placing breast pads over the nipples to collect colostrum or milk which commonly leaks during the first few breast feeding weeks. Advise replacing pads often to guard against infections.

• - Inform the mother that breast milk comes in 2 – 5 days after delivery and is accompanied by a slight temperature elevation and breast changes



• - Tell mother that a well fitting support bra may help control engorgement.

• - Advise mother with engorged breast to apply warm compress, massage the breast, take a warm shower or express some milk before feeding.



for non-Breast Feeding Women

- Instruct the mother to clean her breast using the same technique as the breast feeding mother. Add that she may use soap however.

- Advise her to wear support bra to help minimize engorgement and to decrease nipple stimulation.

- Advise her to avoid stimulating the nipples or manually expressing her milk to minimize further milk production. Instead provide medication as ordered, ice packs or a breast binder.



•BURPING•- To pat a baby on the back to cause it to belch.



• Importance of Burping:

• -to release ingested air

• -can increase the consumption of food



Different Positions in Burping


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Breastfeeding 1