BRAZING - International Nuclear Information System

OCTOBER 1979

BRAZING COMPILATION OF LITERATURE REFERENCES FROM 1973 TO 1978.

BY

J.C. RÖMER

N et hf^rlfi rids E norqy R o soa re h \ oundation

ECN does not assume any liability with respect

to the use of, or for damages resulting from

the use of any information, apparatus, method

or process disclosed in this document.

Netherlands Energy Research Foundation ECN

P.O. Box 1

1755 ZG Petf.n(NH)

The Netherlands

Telephone (0)2246 - 62»..

Telex 57211

ECN-7*

OCTOBER 1979

BRAZING

COMPILATION OF LITERATURE REFERENCES FROM 1973 T01978.

BY

J.C. ROMER

-2-

ABSTRACT

This report is a compilation of published literature on high temperature

brazing covering the period 1973-1978.

The references are listed alphabetically with regard to the base material

or combination of base materials to be brazed. Trade names are treated as

base materials. The report contains approximately 1500 references, of

which 300 are to patents.

KEYWORDS

BRAZING

BRAZING ALLOYS

FILLER METALS

JOINING

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CONTENTS

ABSTRACT

1. ALUMINIUM

2. ALUMINIUM (FLVXLESS)

3. ALUMINIUM - BERYLLIUM

4. ALUMINIUM/BORON COMPOSITES

5. ALUMINIUM - COPPER

5.1. Aluminium - graphite

5.2. Aluminium - nickel alloys

5.3. Aluminium - niobium

5.4. Aluminium ~ molyldenum

5.5. Aluminium - stainless steel

5.6. Aluminium - steels

5.7. Aluminium - tantalum

5.8. Aluminium - titanium

5.9. Aluminium - tungsten

6. BERYLLIUM

7. BORONNITRIDE•

8. BRASS

8.1. Brass - aluminium

8.2. Brass - steels

9. BRONZE

9.1. Bronze - stainless steels

10. CERAMICS

10.1. Ceramics - metal

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CERMETS 61

11.1. Cermets - stainless steels 62

COBALT 63

COPPER ALLOYS 64

13.1. Copper alloys - brass 68

13.2. Copper alloys - stainless steels 69

13.3. Copper alloys - steels 70

GLASS - METAL 71

GOLD 72

GRAPHITE 73

16.1. Graphite - copper 74

16.2. Graphite - netals and metal carbides 74

16.3. Graphite - steels 75

16.4. Graphite - titanium 76

HASTALLOY X 77

HASTALLOY N 78

INCONEL - 718 79

INCONEL - X - 750 80

IRON 81

21.1. Iron- tungsten 81

CAST - IRON 82

KOVAR - ALUMINIA 84

MAGNESIUM 85

MOLYBDENUM 86

25.1. Molybdenum - stainless steels 88

25.2. Molybdenum - titanium

- 5 -

MOLYBDENUM DISILICIDE - STEELS 89

MONEL 90

NICKEL ALLOYS 91

28.1. Nickel alloys - ceramics 98

28.2. Nickel alloys - csbalt 98

28.3. Nickel alloys - titaniua 98

NIMONIC 80A 99

NIOBIUM ALLOYS 100

30.1. Niobiua alloys - ceramics 101

30.2. Niobiua alloys - stainless steels 101

30.3. Niobium alloys - titanium 102

PLATINUM 103

RENE 41 104

RENE 80 105

SAPPHIRE 106

STAINLESS STEELS 107

35.1. Stainless steels - cast iron 120

35.2. Stainless steels - copper alloys 120

STEELS 12!

STEELS (HARD ALLOYS) 124

37.1. Steels (bard alloys) - steels 125

STEELS (LOW CARBON, MILD STEEL AND CARBON STEELS) 127

STEELS (LOW ALLOY, HIGH CARBON) 134

STEELS (HIGH ALLOY, HEAT RESISTANT) 136

STEELS - CAST IRON 138

41.1. Steels - carbides

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IMS. 41.2. Steels - nickel alloys 140

41.3. Steels - stellite 140

TANTALUM 141

42.1. Tantalum - titanium 141

TITANIUM ALLOYS 142

43.1. Titanium alloys - A l ^ 151

43.2. Titanium alloys - boron 152

43.3. Titanium alloys - ceramics 152

43.4. Titanium alloys - copper alloys 152

43.5. Titanium alloys - nickel alloys 153

43.6. Titanium alloys - sapphire 153

43.7. Titanium alloys - steel 153

43.8. Titanium alloys - stellite 153

43.9. Titanium alloys - tungsten 154

43.1C. Titanium alloys - zirconium 154

TITANIUM CARBIDE - STEELS 155

TUNGSTEN 156

TUNGSTEN CARBIDE 157

46.1. Tungsten carbide - steels 157

URANIUM ALLOYS 158

ZIRCONIUM 159

GENERAL 160

PATENTS 209

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1. ALUMINIUM

OkamotOj^J^ Trans. J.W.R.I., T_ (1978), 135.

VACUUM BRAZING OF ALUMINIUM: Pt. 2. EFFECT OF EMERY PAPER GRINDING.

Effect of surface treatment with emery paper on the brazing of

Aluminium is described.

Hegmann^W^ n.pl., Technicopy ltd. Stonehouse (UK),

1978.

ALUMINIUM WORKSHOP PRACTICES.

Aluminium working including brazing and soldering is described.

Kawasez_H. Aruminyamy Kenkyn Kaishe, 122 (1977),

90.

EFFECT OF COMPOSITION OF ALUMINIUM ALLOYS ON VACUUM BRAZING.

Spreading tests were performed on different Aluminium alloys using

an Aluminium alloy with 0,1 - 3Z Cu, Fe, Si, Mn, Zn, Mg, Cr and Ti.

Dorward^R^ Light Metal Age, 36 (1978), 14

LABORATORY CORROSION TESTS ON ALUMINIUM RADIATOR MATERIALS.

The effect of brazing sheet on corrosion in radiators is described.

Woods^R.A^ Aluminium, 54_ (1978), 444.

THE EFFECT OF SILICON PARTICLE SIZE ON BRAZABILITY IN ALUMINIUM DIP

BRAZING ALLOYS.

Tests on flow and joint formation were reported.

Mennicussi^G Allumino, £7 (1978), 194.

AN EVALUATION OF ALUMINIUM HEAT EXCHANGERS.

Methods to produce Aluminium heat exchangers are described.

No_author Des. Eng., 24 (1978), 28.

NEW PROCESS FACILATES ALUMINIUM BRAZING.

Described is the use of flux materials, which has the benefits of

fluxes but not the disadvantages.

- 8 -

Cooke^Ê. SAE Techn. Paper 780300 (1978).

FURNACE BRAZING OF ALUMINIUM WITH A NONC0RR0SIVE FLUX.

Furnace brazing of Aluminium alloys 3003 and 695) using a noncorrosive

flux is described.

McNamara, P. SAE Techn. Paper 780301 (1978).

ZINC DISTRIBUTION IN VACUUM BRAZING ALUMINIUM CLAD BRAZING SHEET.

The effect of typical vacuum brazing cycles on the distribution of Zn

in 7072 clad sheet is described.

No author Mod. Met., 34 (1978), 66.

N0NC0RR0DING FLUX AVERTS ALUMINIUM BRAZING PROBLEMS.

A chloride free Aluminium brazing flux, Nocolok, is described.

Boikoi_ViRi Svar. Proizvod, n (1977), 46.

BRAZING ALUMINIUM BRONZES.

A study on brazing Aluminium bronze is described.

£Lockx_Si n.pl., Deutscher Verlag,

Schweisstechnik, 1977.

WELDING AND BRAZING ALUMINIUM.

The welding brazing and soldering is reviewed of Aluminium alloys.

H&ilSUïl-èlÊl Sprav. Parke, 1975, 102.

FLUXES AND GASEOUS MEDIA.

A review is given on fluxes and gaseous media for high- and low tempera

ture soldering and ferrous and non-ferrous metals including Aluminium

a!1oys.

Wiegand^H. Z. Werkstoffkunde, 9_ (1978), 109.

MATERIAL-DESIGN-PR0DUCTI0N.

The cold working properties, welding and brazing of Aluminium is

discussed.

yDÏÊIÏêiSêïx.?i5Ji A.S.M., 1978.

SOURCE BOOK ON SELECTION AND FABRICATION OF ALUMINIUM ALLOYS.

Compilation of information on the selection of Aluminium alloys includes

welding and brazing.

- 9 -

Kaechile, D.A. SAE paper 770830 (1977).

TODAY'S VIEW OF THE ALUMINIUM AUTOMOTIVE RADIATION.

Designs and forming processes for Aluminium radiators are reviewed.

StorchaiÊ^ Automat. Svarka, JJ (1977), 71.

THE EFFECT OF SURFACE CHARGE OF ALUMINIUM ON WETTING OF SOLDER DURING

SOLDERING IN MOLTEN SALTS.

The effect of the potential of solder metal on its wetting during

soldering Aluminium and its alloys in molten salts was studied.

Noauthor Technique, _3 (1978), 25.

VACUUM BRAZING OF ALUMINIUM WITH NICKEL.

The process described neutralizes the A1.0. film.

Lotsmanovt S.N. Sprav. Paike, 1975, 251.

TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS FOR SOLDERING.

A review is given with 21 refs on soldering low C, low alloy,

stainless and heat resistant steels and alloys, tool steels, powder

metallurgy hard alloys, cast iron, Cu, Ni, Ti, Mo, W, Zr, Ta, Be,

Al and their alloys and Mg alloys. Fluxes and solders and surface

preparation and methods for each group are given.

Anderson_W.Ai Wtld. J., 56 (1977), 314s.

METALLURGICAL STUDIES OF THE VACUUM BRAZING OF ALUMINIUM.

The structural changes occurine during vacuum brazing have been

investigated.

iHSiSiSSiz-iL. Aluminium, 140 (1977), 11.

TECHNOLOGICAL TREND AND PROBLEMS IN ALUMINIUM BRAZING.

A general description is given of soldering and recent trends of brazing

in Japan are pointed out.

Haryev^Jj, Weld. Met. Fabr., 45 (1977), 454.

THE BRAZING OF ALUMINIUM. Pt. 1.

Brazing procedures for brazing Aluminium is briefly outlined.

- 10 -

Wolft H.J. Metallverarbeitung, 27 (1973), 1.

ADDITIVE MATERIAL IN SOLDERING TECHNIQUE AND ITS STANDARD POSSIBILITIES.

The essential information in German standards on soldering metals given

in TGL 14,907 and 14,908 covers types, trade names, solder manufacturers

and fluxes for soft soldering, hard soldering and soldering Aluminium

alloys.

German Patent 2, 343, 374 (1974).

PICKLING AND SOLDERING OF ALUMINIUM PARTS.

Aluminium parts, useful for the manufacture of heat exchangers, were

pickled by immersing in a Zn-salt-contg. bath, where by the Al 0_ layer

was replaced by a Zn protective layer, coated with a flux and optionally

with a Al-Si alloy, and soldered in a furnace or bath.

Basakt P. Recent develop. Non-ferrous metals

Technology, Paper Discuss. Symp.,

X (1968), 159.

NO T FISSION JOINING OF ALUMINIUM.

A review is given with 23 refs.

Tables of the compn. of fluxes for different joining processes are

described.

Ultrasonic welding is said to be one of the most desirable types of

welding Aluminium.

Rugex_J i Schwessen Alum., Dok. Infortnationtag

1972, 5-19, Aluminium Verlag:

Dusseldorf.

DEVELOPMENT OF WELDING AND SOLDERING PROCESSES FOR ALUMINIUM IN

RETROSPECT.

An extensive review is given with 150 refs of the welding and soldering

processes for aluminium materials as well as the utilization of welded

aluminium construction.

Kawase^Hi Keikinzoku Yosetsu, K3 (1975), 65.

SOLDERING METHODS FOR ALUMINIUM.


- 11 -

Tabuchi^JL Keikinzoku Yosetsu, U_ (1974), 401.

VACUUM SOLDERING TECHNIQUES FOR ALUMINIUM, COMPARISON WITH FLUX SOLDERING.


Burajr^Z^ Res. Inst, won-ferrous Metals

Boedapest (Hung), Feraip. Kut.

Intez. Kozlem., £ (1971), 395.

RESEARCHES TO PROMOTE THE DEVELOPMENT OF ALUMINIUM FINISHED PRODUCTS.

Research by the institute for non-ferrous metals is reviewed and covers

among others the development and adaption of joining methods.

èSamii-li Keikinzoku Yosetsu, _13_ (1975), 24.

MANUFACTURING METHOD FOR ALUMINIUM HEAT EXCHANGERS.

Features, constructions, brazing ana uses of Alex heat exchanger con

sisting of A 3003, A 5083, BA 11 PC and BA 12 PC Aluminium alloys are

described.

Harve.Xi_.Ji W el d* M e t a l Fabr-» *I 0977), 454.

THE BRAZING OF ALUMINIUM. Pt. I.

Processes, materials point design and precleaning are discussed.

____________ Materials and Processes in service

performance, SAMPE 1977, p. 171-176.

DOUBLING THE STRENGTH OF ALUMINIUM OPTICAL BRAZEMENTS WITH P0LYALKYLENE

GLYCOL QUENCHANT.

The results obtained by substituting polyalkylene glycol quenchant instead

of forced air cooling during the heat treating operation of Aluminium

6061 alloy are described.

___¥______ Weld* M e t* F a b r* J__ (1978), 51.

THE BRAZING OF ALUMINIUM: 2 INDUSTRIAL METHODS AND TECHNIQUES.

2_S___2____ Trans. J.W.R.I., 6_ (1977), 139.

VACUUM BRAZING OF ALUMINIUM I-EFFECT OF SURFACE TREATMENT.

Vacuum brazing tests on Aluminium were carried out to find a suitable

pretreatment. Brazing alloy used was Al-12 i>i filler alloy.

Influence of different surface treatments is reported.

http://Harve.Xi_.Ji

- 12 -

No_author Heat. Treat., 9 (1977), 28, 30, 32.

ALUMINIUM BRAZING - POST BRAZE CLEANING.

The importance of complete flux removal is discussed as a post-treatment

in Aluminium-brazing. Solution and procedures are outlined for flux

removal.

Baxtera_2.iL. Metal Progress, JJJ2 (1977), 32.

MORE ALUMINIUM IN AUTOS.

A description is given of the components that will be made from aluminium

products in the near term and the future.

The welding and brazing of these alloys are also treated.

Werner^K^ Zis. Mit., 2 (1977), 521.

CONSUMPTION OF ELECTRICAL ENERGY IN HIGH-FREQUENCY BRAZING AND TIG

WELDING OF ALUMINIUM PIPE BENDS FOR HEAT EXCHANGERS.

The electrical energy consumption in joining 12 and 15 mm thick

Aluminium pipe., to 180 pipe bends foi heat exchangers, using high-

frequency brazing and TIG welding is compared.

No_author Heat Treat., 9_ (1977), 18, 20.

PREPARING ALUMINIUM FOR THE BRAZING PROCESS.

The removal of the oxide layer before brazing Aluminium is described

depending on the quantity of parts to be brazed.

Emphasis is placed on the mechanical and chemical removal.

OkamotoÎi Trans. J.W.R.I., 5_ (1976), 227.

VACUUM BRAZING OF ALUMINIUM USING AL-12% SI SYSTEM FILLER ALLOY.

Tests were made on vacuum brazing of Aluminium using Al-Si filler

alloy to determine the effect of surface roughness.

ISlèESiÊEi-iili Trait. Therm, 215 (1975), 33.

SALT BATH BRAZING OF ALUMINIUM.

The principles of the process, its technique, dimensions and forms

capable of treatment by the process are mentioned as well as furnace

characteristics, baths and advice on bath maintenance.

- 13 -

Kavase£_H. J. Jpn. Light Met. Weld. Constr.

J2 (1977), 345.

EFFECT OF ADDITIONAL ELEMENTS TO AL-SI-MG BASE FILLER ALLOY ON ALUMINIUM

VACUUM BRAZABILITY.

The additional elements used in this study were Ce, MM (misch metal),

Be, Bi, Pb, Sn etc. Among characteristics of brazability studied were

spreadability, flow factor and clearance fillability.

OkamotqÎ^ J. Light Met. Weld. Constr. (Jpn),

JL5 (1977), 220.

VACUUM BRAZING OF ALUMINIUM-EFFECT OF PRETREATMENT.

To determine the fundamental factors and suitable pretreatment for

vacuum brazing of Aluminium, brazability was investigated in relation

to surface treatment.

AndersonJl_WiAi Weld. J., 56 (1977), 314s.

METALLURGICAL STUDIES OF THE VACUUM BRAZING OF ALUMINIUM.

The structural changes occuring during vacuum brazing of an Al-Si-Mg

alloy have been followed by optical and electron microscopy.

Yoshida^lh J. Jpn. Inst. Light Met., 2J. (1977),

122.

A METHOD OF ESTIMATING THE BRAZABILITY OF BRAZING SHEET.

A method of estimating the brazability of br zing sheet is proposed.

The brazability is more quantitatively assessed by this method than by

measuring the flow factor.

y~L_oatent 3, 995, 695 (1975).

COMPOSITE ALUMINIUM BRAZING SHEET.

ILS^Datent 3, 971, 502 (1975).

METHOD OF BRAZING ALUMINIUM.

A method of joining Aluminium surface with an Aluminium brazing alloy

having a melting point lower than that of the metal of the surfaces to

be joined is described.

- u -

Imaizumi^_S^ J. Light metal Weld, construction,

J4_ (1976), 569.

VACUUM BRAZING OF ALUMINIUM.

Studies of the vacuum brazing and controlled atmosphere brazing processes

of Aluminium in Japan and foreign contries are reviewed and discussed,

with emphasis on problems of brazing materials.

Noauthor Mach. Prod. Eng., JJ30 (1977), 91.

SILICON BONDING OF ALUMINIUM.

An ANL Aluminium brazing technique avoids fluxing residues by using

Si powder. Procedure and results are reported.

yjL_Eatent 3, 970, 237 (1975).

METHOD OF BRAZING ALUMINIUM PARTS.

The method of brazing an Aluminium part to another metallic parts with

optimum fillet formation between the brazed parts is described.

Ja2anese_gatent 5, 1070, 157 (1974).

PREVENTING FORMATION OF OXIDATION FILM ON ALUMINIUM BRAZING MATERIAL.

This record describes the prevention of oxidation of Aluminium material,

by shielding the material from air.

Ja2anese_EStent 5, 1069, 456 (1974).

ALUMINIUM VACUUM BRAZING ALLOY.

The brazing alloy described has excellent wettability and has a re

stricted amount of Mg to reduce contamination and damage of the furnace

and to facilitate the bonding in the placed brazing system.

y^S-^Datent 3, 963, 454 (1974).

BRAZING MATERIALS.

The composition of an Aluminium brazing alloy is described.

Ja£anese_gatent 5, 1087, 448 (1975).

Describes the wrapping of Aluminium brazing alleys to prevent oxidation

by plastic materials.

- 15 -

______2_____2_ *90, 6 1 6 (1974).

A description is given of a flux for brazing Aluminium alloys consisting

of Chlorides of Sodium*Potassium, Lithium and Potassium HydrofluoriJe.

_____________ A i r Force Materials Lab. Wright-

Patterson, AFB., april 1976, 82.

DIFFUSION BRAZING OF ALUMINIUM ALLOYS.

The diffusion brazing of butt points in 6C61 and 7075 Aluminium alloys

in a vacuum atmosphere with mechanical pressure perpendicular to the

point is described.

NikitingkyA_A.M. Svar. Proizvod, 2 (1976), 33.

PREPARATION OF ALUMINIUM AND ALUMINIUM ALLOY SURFACES IN ACID SOLUTIONS

FOR BRAZING AND WELDING.

A study was made on the etching of Aluminium and its alloys by three

acid solutions HN0-, HF and a mixture of HF a"d HN0-. Alkaline etching

was also done for comparison.

Acid etching was slower by 5-7 times but it resulted in a better surface

for brazing on welding.

Sjorchai1_E.Ii Weld. Prod., 22 (1975), 67.

BRAZING OF ALUMINIUM SHEET-RIBBED HEAT EXCHANGERS IN A FLUX BATH.

Procedure and results are reported.

55E532X.t_N.iS.. Weld. Prod., 22_ (1975), 48.

THE PROPERTIES OF FLUX FOR BRAZING THIN-WALLED PLATE AND RIB STRUCTURES

IN ALUMINIUM AND ALUMINIUM ALLOYS.

A study was made to determine the best composition of chloride and

fluoride salts for fluxing brazed points of thin wall Aluminium.

____________ W e l ° - J«» 55 (1976), 293s.

PARAMETERS EVALUATED IN LONG CYCLE ALUMINIUM VACUUM BRAZING.

An evaluation was made of the brazing capabilities of various Aluminium

alloy combinations to evaluate the newer alloys developed especially

for vacuum brazing and to determine the optimum parameters for use of the

alloy systems.

http://55E532X.t_N.iS

- 16 -

Noauthor Heat. Treat., 8 (1976), 22.

ALUMINIUM BRAZING Pt. 2. FILLER AND FLUXES.

Useful data are given in tables on composition and melting range of

brazing filler metals and fluxes.

StorchaiÊÎ^ Automat. Weid., 28 (1975), 51.

THE BRAZING OF ALUMINIUM ALLOYS IN CHLORIDE ELECTROLYTES.

A technique was developed for brazing Aluminium in chloride electrolytes

without fluoride additives.

The theory of fluxing Aluminium with chloride electrolytes is reviewed.

Results and recommendation are reported.

Noauthgr Heat. Treat., J3 (1976), 21.

ALUMINIUM BRAZING Pt. 1. BASE METALS.

Alumirium brazing filler metals and fluxes are described.

§i2E£l!2iA_£iï?i Weld. Prod., 22 (1975), 74.

THE MECHANISM OF THE FLUXING PROCESS IN THE BRAZING OF ALUhlNIUM ALLOYS

BY DIPPING IN MOLTEN CHLORIDE FLUORIDE SALTS.

The fluxing process when brazing Alum'nium and its alloys is discussed

from the viewpoint of the adsorption-electrochemical mechanism.

§ÊE5§B_E§tent 2, 365, 799 (1973).

PLATING ALUMINIUM WITH A BOND PROMOTING METAL PRIOR TO BRAZING.

Okaraoto^J. Trans. J.W.R.I., _5 (1976), 97.

VACUUM BRAZING OF ALUMINIUM USING AL-12% SI SYSTEM.

The vacuum brazing of 1100 Aluminium alloy with Al-12 Si filler alloy

was studied. Influence of surface treatment and pressure is given.

Mietrachj^Di D.V.S. bericht, 38 (1975), 79.

WETTING BEHAVIOUR OF COMMERCIAL ALUMINIUM BRAZES.

An investigation was carried out to examine the following parameters

of brazing with Aluminium alloy: composition and melting point of the

braze, the flux and its history, the wetting characteristics of braze

flux mixtures.

The results are presented in tabular form.

- 17 -

NMforoyA_G.D.. Veld. Prod., 2j (1974), 31.

USE OF RADIANT HEATING FOR WELDING, BRAZING AND HEAT TREATMENT.

The possibility of using an Xe discharge tube-elliptical reflector

system giving focused radiant energy for brazing Aluminium alloy Mg3

is described.

jgBênese .patent 75, 001, 347 (1974).

BRAZING ALUMINIUM PIPES.

A brazing .nethod for brazing Aluminium pipes is described.

WinterbottomA_W1L. J. Vac. Sci. Technology, j_3 (1976),

634.

VACUUM BRAZING OF ALUMINIUM: AUGER STUDIES OF WETTING AND FLOW CHARAC

TERISTICS.

Auger electron spectroscopy and vaporization methods have been used in

studying the mechanism of brazing to elucidate the characteristics

of the oxide film barrier and Mg promotor in fluxless vacuum brazing

of Aluminium heat exchangers with an Al-Si-Mg filler metal.

§i52±_5ili Metall. Mater. Technol., £ (1976),

23.

THE ION PLATING PROCESS AND ITS APPLICATION.

The ion plating process and examples of brazing plated pieces is des

cribed.

UiS.._Eatent 3, 898, 053 (1974).

BRAZING MATERIALS.

A clad composite brazing sheet having a core and an outer rladding layer

bonded to the core, wherein the cladding layer is composed of a brazinp

composition consisting of Aluminium with minor parts impurities is

described.

M a j o ^ C ^ Met. Constr., (J (1976), 10.

SALT RATH BRAZING OF ALUMINIUM.

Description of salt bath brazing of Aluminium is given.

- 18 -

Storcnai2 E.I. Svar. Proizvod, _l^ (1975), 50.

SOLDERING OF ALUMINIUM LAMINAR FINNED HEAT EXCHANGERS IN A FLUX BATH.

Description is given of soldering Aluminium heat exchangers in a flux

bath.

No author Weld. Met. Fabi., 41 (1976), 54.

ULTRASONIC SOLDERING OF ALUMINIUM HEAT-EXCHANGERS.

Process of ultrasonic soldering Aluminium heat-exchangers is described.

Noauthor Metal Constr., 8 (1976), 14.

ULTRASONIC SOLDERING OF ALUMINIUM.

Wright, E.S^ Paper from "Composite Materials V4

Metallic Matrix Composite"» Academic

Press., New York, 1974, 37.

LAMINATED METAL COMPOSITES.

The methods to fabricate veil-bonded laminates are described, The uses

of laminates in industry is described.

Soyiet_p.atent H, 55832 (1973).

FLUX FOR BRAZING ALUMINIUM ALLOYS CONTAINING STANNOUS CHLORIDE AND

CADMIUM CHLORIDE.

The composition of a flux for decreasing erosion of Aluminium alloy

and to maintain flux activity is given.

^SESDESf-BS'EDi 75» °87» 92J (1974).

ALUMINIUM BASE CORE ALLOY FOR CLADDING.

The composition of an aluminium base alloy containing Mg, Si and Fe is

given.

Brooker^R. Industrial brazing, 2nd edition,

Newnes-Butterworth, London, 1975,

263 p.

INDUSTRIAL BRAZING.

Brazing aluminium is described in detail. Fluxes are mentioned in de

tail. Several brazing techniques are reported.

- 19 -

Japanese patent 74, 090, 252 (1973).

ALUMINIUM BRAZING ALLOY SHEET.

Description is given of a brazing alloy containing Mn with the purpose

of preventing the diffusion of Si and so preventing the formation of

voids.

ILSj^patent 3, 829, 313 (1975).

BRAZING ALLOY.

A description is given of a brazing alloy for Aluminium which is resis

tant to a fluoride atmosphere.

Steege, P.T. Lastechniek, 4_ (1975), 49.

OVERCOMING DISTORTION IN FURNACE BRAZING.

The causes of distortion and ways in which it can be avoided are discussed.

Stress-relief annealing temperatures are given for Aluminium alloy 3003.

No author Magy. Alum., J2 (1975), 225.

ALUMINIUM HEAT EXCHANGERS TO REPLACE COPPER, TIN, LEAD AND ZINC,

Two methods of producing coolers by brazing are described.

LashkozS.y. Automat. Svarka, 8 (1975), 27.

CONTACT-REACTIVE ACTIVATION OF ALUMINIUM ALLOYS DURING HIGH TEMPERATURE

BRAZING IN NON-OXIDIZING ENVIRONMENT.

The process of contact-reactive activation of Aluminium alloys is

described.

Copper and Ag are found to be the most suitable metals for contact-

reactive activation of Aluminium and its alloys.

No_author Weld. Metal. Fabr., 4_3 (1975),

550.

EXPLOITING BRAZING IN PRODUCTION.

Papers including one on Aluminium salt bath brazing.

- 20 -

Noauthor Fourth international Soldering

conference and 6th international

ANS-WRC Brazing conference, 1975,

S16-S19.

AUTOMATIC SOLDERING AND BRAZING.

The erosion problem in brazing Aluminium has been solved.

Advantages and disadvantages of automatic soldering and brazing

are outlined.

U.S. patent 3, 891, 784 (1973).

METHOD OF PREPARING OXIDATION RESISTANT BRAZED JOINTS.

A method of preparing an oxidation resistant brazed joint is described.

Using the diffusion of Aluminium through the joint.

U.S. patent 3, 891, 400 (1973).

ALUMINIUM VACUUM BRAZING SHEET.

Describes a brazing sheet which has a core containing Si and Mg and

a Mg-free layer.

Lewis.t_Ji£. Met. Prog., J07 (1975), 41.

MATERIALS AND PROCESSES FOR SPACE SHUTTLE ENGINES.

Description is given of the materials and bonding techniques used in

the space shuttle engine. Two Aluminium alloys are used, 2024 Aluminium

and Aluminium Tens-50.

üiSÊatent 3, 843, 333 (1973).

ALUMINIUM BRAZING SHEET.

A description is given of a brazing sheet consisting of a core of

relatively high melting point Aluminium alloy and a clad with a

relatively low melting point.

§l2££lJSZx_Iiî Automat. Svarka, £ (1975), 66.

BRAZING OF ALUMINIUM ALLOYS IN CHLORIDE ELECTROLYTES.

A technique was developed for brazing Aluminium in chloride electrolytes

without fluoride additives.

- 21 -

Baranov1 N.S. Svar. Proizvod, 2 (1975), 34.

PROPERTIES OF FLUX FOR BRAZING THIN-WALL CORRUGATED SHEET CONSTRUCTIONS

FROM ALUMINIUM AND ITS ALLOYS.

A study was made to determine the best composition of chloride and

fluoride salts for fluxing brazed joints of thin-wall corrugated sheet

Aluminium.

StorchaxÊjIi Weld. Prod., 2£ (1974), 54.

SPREADING POWER OF SILUMIN ON ALUMINIUM AND ALUMINIUM ALLOYS IN MOLTEN

FLUX IN CONDITIONS SIMULATING BRAZING.

The flow rate of Silumin (Al-Si alloy) on Aluminium alloy AMTS and

the rate of oxide layer removal in flux was determined.

The rate of oxide removal was found to increase at increasing temperature

up to 600 C. At this point it became temperature independent.

§chwanikei_AiEi 55th ANS Anual Meeting, Houston,

1974.

INTERFACIAL COMPOSITIONS OF SOLDERS AND FLUXES ON ALUMINIUM.

Four commercial fluxes and four Aluminium soldering alloys were studied

by wetting tests and investigation of the solder/Aluminium interface.

Results are reported.

Shargles^P. Weld. J., 54 (1975), 164.

ALUMINIUM BRAZING PROBLEM DUE TO GRAIN SIZE.

Aluminium brazing problem resulting from a large grain size in the

brazing alloy cladding are described and means of avoiding the problem

are given.

German_2atent 2, 425, 155 (19/3).

AL-SI BRAZING ALLOY USED AS CLADDING FOR VACUUM BRAZING ALUMINIUM.

Describes a brazing alloy for brazing Aluminium for which is claimed

that it has better gap filling properties under mild vacuum and is less

sensitive to vacuum fluctuations.

- 22 -

No_author Metalwk. Prod., J_lji (1975), 83.

MACHINE TAKE OVER ON BRAZING FRONT.

Review of the autumn conference of the British ass. for brazing and sol

dering. Papers include one on Aluminium brazing of automobile coolers

and heat exchangers for large cryogenic application using furnace and

salt bath brazing.

No author Sheet Metal Ind., 5± (1974), 766.

PROGRESS IN ALUMINIUM HEAT EXCHANGERS.

Review is presented on the development in construction and brazing of

Aluminium heat exchangers.

Miles, F.D. Sheet metal Ind., 5_1 (1974), 742.

JOINING OF ALUMINIUM.

Soldering and brazing of Aluminium are summerized with technical detail.

:I£*L£Ë£52SAJL5- W e l d- E«g-» li (1974), 9.

DESIGNING FOR BETTER BRAZEMËNTS.

j£ll££52S*-LJL W e l d- En8«» Ü (1974), 22.

A KEY TO BRAZING SUCCESS.

The role of clean surfaces in brazing is outlined.

WbfiÉxJLHi Weld. J., 53 (1974), 440s.

FLOW OF ALUMINIUM DIP BRAZING FILLER METALS.

Flow in Al-Si brazing filler metal was shown to depend on the composition

and thickness of the brazing sheet cladding layer and upon the brazing

temperature.

The interrelationship existing between these parameters is explained.

UiSi_2Stent 3, 833, 986 (1973).

METHOD OF MAKING HEAT EXCHANGER.

A method of making fluid tight telescopic joints in serpentine Aluminium

tubing for heat exchangers using ultrasound is described.

- 23 -

Billetre^R. Sci. Tech., J2 (1974), 36.

DEVELOPMENT OF WELDING TECHNIQUES AND MATERIALS.

Suitable techniques for Aluminium and alloys such as brazing a e

described.

Noauthor Metal Progress, IPS (1974), 53.

ALLOYS AND PROCESSES THAT IMPROVE USER UTILIZATION.

Development in Aluminium alloys are reported. Data on different alloys

are given. Ultrasonic soldering and vacuum brazing described.

Singleton» O.R. Aluminium, 50 (1974), 407.

ALUMINIUM VACUUM BRAZING MATERIALS AND SURFACE EFFECTS.

The influence of vacuum water vapor content and furnace lining on

brazing results in brazing Aluminium alloys is reported.

Noauthor Heat. Treat., 5_ (1973), 14.

ALUMINIUM BRAZING.

Ways in which filler metal is brought to the point to be filled up

are discussed.

No_author Des. Eng., 9 (1973), 47.

HOW TO TERMINATE ALUMINIUM CONDUCTORS.

The advantages and limitations of various methods such as soldering,

brazing and welding and mechanical methods for terminating Aluminium

electric conductors are described.

Slaughteri_GiMi Materials and Processes for the

70's-Cost effectiveness and

reliability.

SAMPE. 1973, pp. 115-123.

RECENT ADVANCES IN BRAZING.

Recent advances in the development of filler metals for brazing

Aluminium alloy are described.

- 24 -

Dittmann, B. Schweisstèchnikv 23 (1973), 454.


The vacuum brazing of Aluminium alloys and pure Aluminium is reviewed

with respect to the processes which take place at the joint formation

and with respect to joint design.

Kawase, H. Keikinzoku Yosetsu, JJ (1973), 115.

EFFECT OF THE ADDITION OF MAGNESIUM TO ALUMINIUM SILICON FILLER ALLOY

FOR VACUUM BRAZING.

Results of a study are presented.

Patrich, E.P. International conference on

Aluminium Industrial alloys

Pittsburg (USA), 29-31 oct. 1973.

VACUUM BRAZING ALUMINIUM.

The paper reviews the mechanics of Aluminium vacuum brazing.

Instrumentation for vacuum brazing is also discussed.

No_author Swiss Aluminium Ltd.,

Data Sheet, Buchhausenstr 11,

Zurich, 1973.

OXYACETYLENE WELDING AND BRAZING OF ALUMINIUM.

For brazing the working order torch, furnace and dip brazing ire

considered.

No author Weld. J., 5£ (1973), 592.

SOLDERING ALUMINIUM. Pt. 9; FURNACE BRAZING

StorchajrÊjJL Khim. Neft. Maskinsstr., 5_ (1973),

23.

BRAZING OF ALUMINIUM AND ALUMINIUM ALLOY PARTS FOR CRYOGENIC APPLICATION.

A literature review is presented on brazing alloys, applied coatings

and fluxes used for brazing Aluminium and Aluminium alloy parts for

operation at cryogenic temperatures.

Brazing techniques for production of ribbed heat exchangers and

impellors are described.

- 25 -

Osawa^JT. J. Jap. Inst. Metal., 3J (1973), 16.

REMOVAL OF OXIDE FILM FOR ALUMINIUM BY BRAZING FLUX AND THE REACTION

SOLDERING.

(Translated by the World Aluminium Abstracts).

Kawakatsui_J. J. Jap. Inst. Met., 17 (1973), 547.

EROSION (CORROSION) OF ALUMINIUM - BASE ALLOYS BY MOLTEN BRAZING FLUX.

UJS^gatent 4, 039, 298 (1976).

ALUMINIUM BRAZED COMPOSITE.

The composition of Aluminium core alloy and Aluminium brazing alloy

with improved resistance to corrosion is described.

Deyelay^J^ Tech. Ing., 1977 (M69), 1-96.

PROPERTIES OF ALUMINIUM AND OF WROUGHT ALUMINIUM ALLOYS.

Three chapters are covered 1) different wrought alloys, 2) metallurgical

properties and 3) fabrication (e.g. brazing).

iêEêSÊ5Ê_£S£ËS£ 5, 2031, 946 (1975).

BRAZING ALUMINIUM OR ALUMINIUM ALLOYS HEAT EXCHANGERS.

The patent describes a method of brazing heat exchangers such that the

brazed joint is heated by hot gas produced by a flat burner.

5üSSiêS_2SiSS£ 496, 138 (1974).

FLUX FOR BRAZING ALUMINIUM ALLOYS CONSISTS OF CHLORIDES OF ZINC,

POTASSIUM SODIUM, LITHIUM, CALCIUM AND IOTASSIUM FLUORIDE.

The use of the mentioned flux is said to improve the quality of the

brazed joint and the stability of the process.

£2SîsS-ES££D!: 975» 6 2 0 ('974).

CONTINUOUSLY BRAZING ALUMINIUM RADIATOR CORES BY HOT GAS.

The patent describes a method of brazing by heating with hot gas, which

is said to provide uniform and efficient brazing since temperature is

rapidly achieved and controlled.

- 26 -

Bglgianpatent 834, 229 (1974).

BRAZING ALUMINIUM ALLOY HEAT EXCHANGERS PARTS.

A process is described for brazing Aluminium or Aluminium alloys by

which the brazing zones are covered by a vitreous enamel.

Brazing can be undertaken in air without any need of a special furnace

atmosphere and no washing.

Yoshida^H^ J. Jpn. Inst. Light Met., 27 (1977),

122.

AN ESTIMATING METHOD FOR THE BRAZABILITY OF BRAZING SHEET.

A new method to estimate the brazability of brazing sheet is proposed

using a holed brazing sheet and a pipe.

The brazability is more quantitatively estimated in this method than in

measuring the flow factor.

Peaslee^RjL. ASME paper 77-DE-43 (1977).

BRAZING, AN ECONOMICAL HIGH-QUALITY FORMING PROCESS.

Brazing of 6061 Aluminium alloy is described.

MayOi_CiRi Aluminio, 46 (1977), 76.

THE SALT BATH BRAZING OF ALUMINIUM.

Types of Aluminium and Aluminium alloys suitable for salt bath brazing are

described together with the sequence of operations in the brazing cycle.

Storchay^JÎi Svar. Proizvod., 5 (1976), 40.

THE EFFECT OF THE COMPOSITION OF THE FLUX BATH ON THE SPREAD OF BRAZING

ALLOY OVER THE SURFACE OF ALUMINIUM DURING BRAZING.

The spread of Silumin contg. Si 7,8% over the surface of Aluminium or

AMTS Aluminium alloy during the brazing was studied in relation to the

composition of the flux bath.

ï?2_SHïliei Mach. Prod. Eng., 30 (1977), 91.

SILICON BONDING OF ALUMINIUM.

In a recently developed Aluminium-brazing technique Si granules are

applied to one or both of the faces to be joined. Process used and

applications are described.

- 27 -

EÊSEIËÏA-IJL Weld. J., 55 (1976), 293s.

PARAMETERS EVALUATED IN LONG CYCLE ALUMINIUM VACUUM BRAZING.

An evaluation was made of the brazing capabilities of various Aluminium

alloys.

StorchayÊ^jL Svar. Proizvod, JJ_ 0975), 50.

BRAZING OF FINS TO ALUMINIUM HEAT EXCHANGERS IN A FLUX BATH.

Finned heat exchangers were produced by brazing in a bath of chloride-

fluoride flux.

McNamara^P^ 6 Int. Leichtmetalltagung,

Leoben/Wien, 1975, 246-249.


Current commercial materials used in vacuum brazing Aluminium are

discussed.

2Ienevx_V.Ii Magy. Alum., ^1 (1975), 225.

ALUMINIUM HEAT EXCHANGERS TO REPLACE COPPER, TIN, LEAD AND ZINC.

Tests conducted in the S.U. on Aluminium heat exchangers for motor

cars are outlined.

Brazing procedures are described.

StorchaiijÊjJi Autom. Svarka, J_ (1975), 36.

KINETICS AND MECHANISM OF FLUXING ON THE BRAZING OF ALUMINIUM AND ITS

ALLOYS IN CHLORIDE-FLUORIDE SALTS.

The mechanism and kinetics of the oxide film on the surface of Aluminium

and its alloys in molten chloride-fluoride salts were investigated.

5l2£ÏSi_Sü_è£b2Êïi.-Si Fachbuchreiche Schweisstechnik

Bd 70, 175 p, 1977.

SCHWEISSEN UND LÖTEN VON ALUMINIUMWERKSTOFFEN.

5?2EliDx_£i?!i *th International Soldering Conf.

1975, S16-S19.

AUTOMATIC SOLDERING AND BRAZING.

The development of an automatic wire feeder for soldering and brazing

Aluminium is discussed.

- 28 -

PerroneÂ^ Alluminio, 41 (1972), 458.

DEVELOPMENT OF ALUMINIUM BRAZING TECHNIQUES FOR AUTOMOBILE RADIATORS.

Vacuum brazing, brazing in dry air and salt-bath brazing of Aluminium

are compared.

Bergson1_C. Rev. Aluminium, 4_I9_ (1973), 383.

THE USE OF ALUMINIUM SHIP (FOIL) FOR ELECTRICAL (TRANFORMER) WINDINGS.

A variety of joining techniques (including low-temp brazing with Cd-Zn

alloys) are described.

Patrick, E.P. Weld. J., 54 (1975), 159.


Vacuum brazing of Aluminium is reviewed. Typical brazing cycles and

applications are given.

Niemann, J.T. Weld. J., _5_1 (1974), 174s.

EUTECTIC BONDING OF B-ALUMINIUM STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS. Pt 1: EVALUATION

OF CRITICAL PROCESSING PARAMETERS.

No_author. Heat. Treat., T_ (1975), 23.

ALUMINIUM BRAZING.

Various methods of brazing Aluminium and its alloys are reviewed.

Tomlinson^JÊ. Sheet Metal Ind., _5_I (1974), 766.

PROGRESS IN ALUMINIUM AUTOMOTIVE HEAT EXCHANGERS.

Assembling of Aluminium radiators by soldering and by brazing is

described.

The possible use of improved brazing methods, e.g. vacuum brazing is

discussed.

leZIIj.-ii.6i. Weld- Des- Fabr., i£i_ (1974), 37. RADIANT HEATING FOR WELDING AND BRAZING.

5l2biiSSlSl!iix.tiiti Svar. Proizvod, j$ (1974), 24.

DEVELOPMENT OF A NI-MN BASE BRAZING ALLOY.

http://leZIIj.-ii.6i

- 29 -

3*!£i_£i B u l 1- Japan Inst. Metals, U_ (1973),

21.

RECENT TECHNOLOGY OF ALUMINIUM ALLOYS.

Amongst the topics discussed is the brazing of Aluminium alloys.

No Author. Heat. Treat., (1973), 14.

ALUMINIUM BRAZING.

Several methods of brazing Aluminium is described.

Ruge, J. Aluminium Zentrale Informationstagung

Schweissen von Aluminium, Dusseldorf,

1972.

A RETROSPECTIVE SURVEY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF WELDING AND BRAZING

PROCESSES FOR ALUMINIUM.

A comprehensive account on the various methods which have been or are

still in use for joining Aluminium and its alloys is given.

Osawa^JT. J. Japan. Inst. Metals, 1 (1973),

94.

BRAZING FLUX REMOVAL OF OXIDE FILMS FROM ALUMINIUM AND REACTION SOLDERING.

The effect of addition of fluorides to brazing fluxes on the fluxing

reaction during the brazing of oxide coated Aluminium plate was

investigated.

Noûthor^ Mater. Eng., 77 (1973), 60.

JOINING PROCESSES FOR AK*MINIUM REDUCE POLLUTION, CUT COSTS.

Nonpolluting ultrasonic fluxless soldering and vacuum brazing methods

are described.

SerschxJLSfi Weld. J., 5J (1972), 626.

THE VERSABTLITY OF RESISTANCE WELDING MACHINES FOR JOINING BORON/

ALUMINIUM COMPOSITES.

Resistance brazing and resistance spot brazing are reviewed in the

joining of Boron/Aluminium composites.

- 30 -

No_author Metal Process> J02 (1972), 61.

HOW PHILC0-F0RD VACUUM BRAZES HEAT EXCHANGERS.

Brazing of automobile aluminium air conditioning equipment at Philco-

Ford is described.

Dorward, R.C. SAE Prepr. N 780302, 1978.

LABORATORY CORROSION TESTS ON ALUMINIUM RADIATION MATERIALS.

Tests conducted showed that conventional Aluminium brazing jheet

material may not be suitable under service condition unless improvements

in corrosion resistance are made.

Althoff, J. Metall., 3± (1977), 263.

PROPERTIES AND APPLICATIONS OF A NEW HIGH TEMPERATURE RESISTING AL-MN

ALLOY.

Production, material properties and processing properties (weldability

and brazability) are discussed.

Nikitinskii, A.M. Weld. Prod., 23 (1976), 49.

INFLUENCE OF ALKALINE PICKLING ON THE QUALITY OF BRAZING OF ALUMINIUM

AND ALUMINIUM ALLOYS.

The influence of surface treatment on the quality of the brazed joints

is described.

§8H£bix_ii J' Light Met. Weld. Constr., U^

(1976), 276.

DEVELOPMENT OF A BRAZING FURNACE FOR ALUMINIUM.

2S5ÏSx-ïiéi J* JaP* Int« Metals, J7 (1973), 94.

ON THE REMOVAL OF OXIDE FILM FROM ALUMINIUM BY BRAZING FLUX AND THE

REACTION SOLDERING.

The process of oxide removal in Aluminium brazing has been studied.

Guinx_E. Air force Materials Lab. U.S.A.,

AD-AO 31004, (AFML-TR-75-210).

1976, 82 p.

DIFFUSION BRAZING OF ALUMINIUM ALLOYS.

The diffusion brazing of butt joints in 6061 and 7075 Aluminium alloys

in vacuum with mechanical pressure was investigated.

- 31 -

Takahashii_Ti Rep. Univ. electro-conmun (Japan),

U (1973), 243.

JOINING STRENGTH OF ULTRASONIC BONDING OF ALUMINIUM.

?êi£i£b±_?iSi Heat treating Conf., Detroit,

1974.

ALUMINIUM BRAZING-ANOTHER APPLICATION FOR VACUUM.

Herr, H.K. Machine Des., 46 (1974), 1971.

SAFE AND SURE ALUMINIUM BRAZING.

Radzieysi_V.Ni Weld. Prod., 20 (1973), 49.

EFFECT OF ALUMINIUM ON STRUCTURE OF JOINTS BRAZED WITH PZHK-1000

BRAZING ALLOY.

StorchaiÊÎi Khem. Neft. Machinostr., 3_ (1976),

28.

OPTIMIZATION OF THE TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS FOR SOLDERING ALUMINIUM

STRUCTURES IN FLUX BATHS.


Kawakatsu^J^ Keikinzoku Yosetsu, (Japan),

JjO (1972), 290.

LOW TEMPERATURE BONDING OF ALUMINIUM.

Methods and app. for diffusion bonding, soldering and brazing Aluminium

and Aluminium alloys are described with tables, graphs and diagrams.

Shimadai_Ai Keikinzoku Yosetsu, (Japan),

J2 (1974), 267.

DESIGN FOR BRAZING.

Configuration and strength of brazed Aluminium joints are reviewed.

Fundamental design principles of brazing are described.

}3l2ïliS2Yi_YiEi Autom. Svarka, H (1974), 53.

MANUFACTURE OF BRAZED-LAYER STRUCTURES.

/. review of foreign literature published in 1958-1968 in brazing of

aircraft construction panels is given.

- 32 -

Schwartz, M.M. Weld. Res. Concl. Bull., 1973,

N182.

BRAZED HONEYCOMB STRUCTURES.

A review is given with 36 refs of developments in brazed honeycomb

structures from 1962-1972.

Naruki, K. Shinku, _I9 (1976), 204.

VACUUM BRAZING.

The principles of vacuum brazing of Aluminium and its alloys is

reviewed with 12 refs.

Mietrach, D. DVS Ber., 38 (1975), 79.

WETTING BEHAVIOUR OF COMMERCIAL ALUMINIUM BRAZES.

Hasegawa, M. Keikinzoku Yosetsu, _1_ (1973), 277.

SOLDERS AND FLUXES FOR ALUMINIUM IN USSR.

A review is given on physical and mechanical properties of soldering alloys and the action of fluxes for brazing Aluminium.

Kwaskatsua I. Nippon Kinsoku Gakkaishi, Yl_ (1973),

547.

CORROSION OF ALUMINIUM BASED ALLOYS BY A MOLTEN BRAZING FLUX.

Flux corrosion when brazing thin plates and fins is investigated.

Osawa^T^ Nippon Kinsoku Gakkaishi, 21_ (1973),

94.

REMOVAL OF OXIDE FILMS FROM ALUMINIUM BY BRAZING FLUX AND REACTION

SOLDERING.

The electrochemical aspects of oxide removal are studied.

I§I§ü2Yx_ïiiSi Svar. Proizvod, 2_ (1975), 34.

PROPERTIES OF A FLUX FOR BRAZING THIN-WALLED LAMELLAR FINNED CONSTRUC

TIONS OF ALUMINIUM AND ITS ALLOYS.

Chemical and physical properties are reported.

- 33 -

Baranov, N.S. Khira. Neft. Mashinostr., 4 (1974),

26.

BRAZING THE ROTORS OF EXPANSION TURBINES FOR AIR-FRACTIONATING APPARATUS.

Brazing Aluminium alloys with eutectic silurain under a chloride-fluoride

flux is described.

Zinmetmanf K.F^ Thermisches Fugen, 16^ (1973), 15.

BRAZING OF ALUMINIUM AND ALUMINIUM ALLOYS.

Properties, fluxes and brazing procedure is described.

- 34 -

2. ALUMINIUM (FLUXLESS)

Warner^J^ SAE tech. paper No 780299, 1978.

THE FLUXLESS BRAZING OF ALUMINIUM RADIATORS.

Materials, processing and development experience with vacuum brazing

is reviewed.

Kawase^JK J. Light Metal Weld. Constr. J6

(1978), 159.

VACUUM BKAZABILITY OF ALUMINIUM ALLOYS PARENTS CONTAINING VARIOUS

ADDITIONAL ELEMENTS.

Fluxless vacuum brazing is reviewed. The effects of Cu, Fe, Si, Mn and

Mg as additional elements on spreadability flow factor and clearance

fillability were investigated.

Bockusi_K.f\ Weld. J., 5]_ (1978), 36.

FLUXLESS BONDING METHOD FOR ALUMINIUM COMPONENTS.

A nickel film is deposited on the filler metal surface which protects

the Aluminium against further oxidation and reacts during brazing to

form a new brazing alloy.

Niemann^J^. Weld. J. 57_ (1978), 285s.

FLUXLESS DIFFUSION BRAZING OF ALUMINIUM CASTINGS.

A study to determine if Aluminium alloy A 356.0 could be diffusion

brazed was reported.

2Ü£ÊJÈiS5!£iii_è.iM. Autom. Svarka, 9_ (1977), 60.

THE EFFECT OF TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS ON THE QUALITY OF SALT-BATH BRAZING

OF ALUMINIUM HEAT EXCHANGERS.

Experiments carried out to determine the right temp, are described.

No_author Technique, 12_ (1977), 33.

FLUXLESS, ULTRASONIC BRAZING OF ALUMINIUM TUBES.

The ultrasonic brazing process is described.

- 35 -

U.§i_E2£ÊDi 3,791,820, (1°74).

FLUXLESS ALUMINIUM BRAZING.

Fiuxless brazing of Al alloys is done by using alloys contg..

1) Al 35-55; Si 10-20; GE 25-60;

2) Al 65-68; Si 2-20; in 2-18;

3) Al 75-80; Si 15-25; Y 5-15%

Flow temperature of alloy 1) - 1020-1095°F; of alloy 2) = 1075-1095°F;

and of alloy 3) - 1095-1140°F. Cleaning and etching in a HN0--HF solution. -5

Immediately following rinsing 1-3 minutes brazing is done at 1x10 torr.

Cooling in a He and Argon atmosphere.

The brazing time is 3 min.

SilLjjatent 4,040,822, (1975).

ALUMINIUM BASE FLUXLESS T JAZING ALLOY.

A brazing alloy for fluxless brazing Al with a brazing temperature of

about 1080 F is described.

£H£i§2_E*!tent 531,678 (1974).

FLUXLESS HIGH TEMPERATURE SOLDERING OF ALUMINIUM AND ALLOYS.

To make the joint stronger by reducing erosion, a soldering alloy is

described which forms a molten phase of 0.3-30 percent.

Ja2anese_£atent 5,2016,447 (1975).

ALUMINIUM ALLOY SOLDER FOR ALUMINIUM.

Solder alloy comprises 4-20 percent Si, 0.0002-0.2 percent Be, 0.0'-2

percent rare earths, balance Al and impurities.

Optionally 0.05-2% Bi, Be, Sb and for Sr are added. Used for soldering

Al in non-oxidizing atmosphere (preferably inert gas) without flux.

L a s h k o ^ S ^ Weld. Prod. 22 (1975), 54.

CONTACT ACTIVATION OF ALUMINIUM ALLOYS IN FLUXLESS HIGH TEMPERATURE

BRAZING.

A study was done on fluxless high-temperature soldering of Al alloys

with low melting point elements as Bi, Zn and Cd added to the solder.

Data on joint strenth are given.

- 36 -

Japanese patent 5,1138,562 (1975).

ALUMINIUM ALLOY SOLDER FOR BRAZING WITHOUT FLUX.

Solder material for brazing of Al or its alloy without flux comprises

(by weight) Si 3-152; Li 0.005-3.0Z, Bi 0.005-1.0Z balance Al with

incidental impurities.

Ja£anese_£atent 5,1132,148 (14 May 1975).

ALUMINIUM ALLOYS VACUUM BRAZING-INVOLVES FORMING A SANDWICH WITH BRAZING

MATERIAL AND PREHEATING WITH ALKALY OR ACID.

Fluxless brazing of aluminium with standard brazing materials with

melting point 560-640°C. Pretreatment is described.

Nahamura^T^. Paper from "Proc. Inl. Conf.

Aluminium + Automobil.

Alum-Zentrale, Düsseldorf, 1976.

FLUXLESS BRAZING OF ALUMINIUM HEAT EXCHANGERS IN INERT GAS ATMOSPHERES.

Describes the procedures developed in Japan of f luxless aluminium

brazing in a high-purity-N atmosphere and a rotary hearth continuous

furnace.

Lashko^J^. Autom. Weld. 28 (1975), 20.

THE CONTACT-REACTIVE ACTIVATION OF AL ALLOYS DURING BRAZING AT A HIGH

TEMPERATURE IN A NON-OXIDIZING ATMOSPHERE.

Copper and s i l v e r are found to be the most suitable metals for the

contact-reactive act ivat ion of Al and i t s a l loys .

Ja2anese_2atent 5,1043,346 (1974).

ALUMINIUM ALLOY BRAZING MATERIAL USING NO FLUX.

The al loy described i s capable of brazing with s tab i l i zed quality under

higher pressure.

Ja2anese_£atent 5,1096,749 (1975).

ALUMINIUM ALLOY SOLDER FOR FLUXFREE BRAZING.

The composition of an Al brazing al loy suitable for the production of

a s tabi l ized brazing zone in a vacuum of 10 torr and with improved

wettability is described.

- 37 -

KaeckeleÎKA. A.S.M. Rep. System Paper no 76-56.

Metals Park, Ohio, I976.

TECHNICAL ADVANCES IN ALUMINIUM RELATED TO APPLIANCES.

Topics reviewed are flux soldering, f luxless soldering, f lux less brazing

of aluminium.

LasbV2l,_SiVi. Autom. Weld. ^8 (1975), 22.

SOLID-LIQUID CONTACT ACTIVATION OF THE SURFACES OF ALUMINIUM ALLOYS

DURING HIGH-TEMPERATURE NO-FLUX BRAZING IN AIR.

I t was shown that f luxless high-temperature soldering of Al a l loys in

a ir i s poss ible .

The basic requirements to solder Al in air are outl ined.

Ja2anese_p_ateiK 75,050849 (1975).

ALUMINIUM ALLOY SOLDER FOR NON-FLUX SOLDERING.

Description i s given of an al loy for soldering aluminium.

?Eitish_Eatent 1497,724 (1973).

BRAZING ALLOY FOR ALUMINIUM (ALLOYS) WHICH DOES NOT REQUIRE THE USE OF

A FLUX.

UiS^gatent 3,881,879 (1973).

Al-Si-Mg ALLOY.

No abstract avai lable .

UJj^Datent 3,917,851 (1974).

VACUUM BRAZING PROCESS.

A brazing process for vacuum brazing of aluminium alloys is described.

Jenkinsi_W.B.. Weld. J., 55_ (1976), 28.

FLUXLESS SOLDERING OF ALUMINIUM HEAT EXCHANGES.

Interference-fit fluxless soldering of one or more pretinned parts makes

Al competitive to Cu in ease and costs.

§ÊlSiSD_£êiS2£ 816,325 (1973).

BRAZING POWDER FOR ALUMINIUM ALLOYS USED WITHOUT FLUXES.

The composition of a brazing alloy for soldering Al alloys capable of

filling larger joints and with greater wettability is described.

- 38 -

German patent 2,335,940 (1973)

INERT OR REDUCED PRESSURE GAS WELDING OF ALUMINIUM.

The composition of a brazing alloy for brazing aluminium containing

Bi, Sr, Ba and Sb is described.


FLUX-FREE SOLDERING OF ALUMINIUM.

The composition of a solder containing Mg to prevent the soldered parts

from graying is described.

U.S. patent 3,899,306 (1973)

EXOTHERMIC BRAZING OF ALUMINIUM.

Describes a fluxless brazed aluminium joint.


BRAZING ALLOY OF ALUMINIUM (ALLOYS) WHICH DOES NOT REQUIRE THE USE OF

A FLUX.

The composition of the above mentioned Al brazing alloy is mentioned.

Lashko^JML Svar. Proizvod, 3 (1975), 39.

CONTACT ACTIVATION OF ALUMINIUM ALLOYS DURING FLUXLESS Ï1IGH-TEMPERATURE

SOLDERING.

A study was made on f lux le s s high temperature soldering of Al a l l oys .

Low melting joint elements were added to the so lders .

Hiramatsu^T^ Paper from "Aluminium Industrial

Products" Pittsburg, 1974, 9 pp.

VACUUM BRAZING ALUMINIUM HEAT EXCHANGERS.

A f luxless vacuum brazing process i s described. The special surface

treatment permits use of low vacuum. Results are described.

No_author Heat. Treat. 1_ (1975), 23.

ALUMINIUM BRAZING.

Various methods of brazing aluminium and i t s a l loys are reviewed.

Belgian_£atent 807,089 (1973).

ALUMINIUM WORKPIECE BRAZING FURNACE FOR FLUX-FREE GAS SHIELDED BRAZING.

- 39 -

SSÏIi-li Bull« JaP- I n s t- M a t- il ('973), 21.

RECENT TECHNOLOGY OF ALUMINIUM ALLOYS.

Progress in the production and application of Al is reviewed. In this

review the flux free brazing.

Shoer^H. International conference on

Aluminium Industrial Products

Pittsburg (USA), 29-31 Oct 1973.

PROCESS OF GAS-SHIELDED FLUXLESS BRAZING OF ALUMINIUM FOR HEAT

EXCHANGERS.

A short survey ot the usual brazing processes both with flux and flux-

free is given. A new process for the fluxless brazing of Al is described.

The essential feature of the process is the adding of alloying elements

to the brazing alloy to improve wettability.

-—-----*--- Weld. J., 52 (1973), 644.

FLUXLESS BRAZING OF ALUMINIUM USING PROTECTIVE GAS.

A newly developed technique involves fluxless brazing under a protec

tive gas. The addition of Sb, Ba, Sr or Bi to the filler metal improves

we 11 ing condi t ions.

Nakamura^JC^ Ishikawajima-Harima Giko,_l_3 (1973),

217.

DEVELOPMENT OF SHI-IPSEN CONTINUOUS VACUUM FLUXLESS PROCESS AND ITS

FURNACE.

The development of a furnace for fluxless aluminium brazing of auto

mobile heat exchangers and the process is described.

No_author Ind. .leat., 40_ (1973), 212.

ALUMINIUM EVAPORATORS FOR AUTOMOBILE AIR CONDITIONERS MASS PRODUCED BY

FLUXLESS BRAZING IN CONTINUOUS VACUUM FURNACES.

The production of plate and fin evaporators by means of fluxless

aluminium brazing, using Mg as a flux is described.

Ja£anese_2atent 5,2054,641 (1975).

JOINING ALUMINIUM TUBES BY VACUUM BLAZING .

On aluminium tubes, a coating is applied by supersonic energy, a second

coating is applied by dipping in the bra^'ng alloy.

- 40 -

Ja£anese_£atent 5,2054,640 (1975).

SOLDERING ALLOY FOR VACUUM BRAZING ALUMINIUM.

To avoid brazing defects Be is added tc the Al-Si-Mg solder to eliminate

the A120 .

Ja£anese_2êtent 5,2053,259 (1975).

ALUMINIUM HEAT EXCHANGER MANUFACTURE BY CONNECTING TUBES, CORE PLATES

AND FINS BY VACUUM BRAZING.

Ja2anese_2atent 5,2035,142 (1975).

FLUXLESS BRAZING ALLOY FOR ALUMINIUM.

The brazing alloy contains gallium for improved wettability and

reducing surface tension and Mg to remove the oxygen from the vacuum

atmosphere and to remove the aluminium oxide layer.

Ja£anese_£attnt 5,2035,736 (1975).

BRAZING JOINT OF HEAT EXCHANGERS WITHOUT USING FLUX, USING PLATE MOUNTED

OUTSIDE THE JOINT TO PREVENT LOSS OF MOLTEN FILLER METAL.

2ll£5i_ïiïi NASA-Tm-x-3432 (1977).

BRAZED BORSIC/ALUMINIUM STRUCTURAL PANALS.

A fluxless brazing process has been developed, that minimizes degradation

of the mechanical properties of Borsic/Al composites. The manufacturing

development and results on shear tests are presented.

§£itish_Eatent 1462 506 (1973)

ALUMINIUM SOLDER WITH MAGNESIUM ADDITION TO PREVENT DISCOLORATION OF

SOLDERED ALUMINIUM.

The alloy is used for fluxless soldering of Al alloys under a protective

gas atmosphere or one having low oxygen confnt.

Jaganese_£atent 5,1132,148 (1975).

ALUMINIUM ALLOYS VACUUM BRAZING INVOLVES FORMING A SANDWICH WITH BRAZING

MATERIAL AND PRETP5ATMENT WITH ALKALI OR ACID.

- 41 -

KhludoyÊÂ. Svar Proizovd, £ (1976), 31.

FLUXFREE BRAZING OF ALUMINIUM AND ITS ALLOYS WITH LOW TEMPERATURE

GALLIUM ALLOYS.

The kinetics of interaction of molten Ga with Al at ambient temp,

was investigated and the results obtained were used in analyzing

the interaction of brazing alloys of the system Sn-Zn-Ca with Al.

Ü2i_L£. Weld. J., 56 (1977), 51s .

FLUXLESS INDUCTION BRAZING OF AL IN AIR.

Development work has proved that Al can be fluxless induction brazed

in air. Cleaning procedure, joint examination and brazing procedure

are described.

Lashko^SJL Autom. Svarka, 8 (1975), 27.

FLUXLESS ALUMINIUM BRAZING IN A NON-OXIDIZING ATMOSPHERE.

Removal of the oxide layer by treating the Al surface with a molten

metal (e.g. Ag, Si, Cu) which forms a eutectic with Al having limited

solubility in Al at brazing temperature.

5e.E££I!Ë!«>YzJ[y.L_!i Svar. Proizvod, 9_ (1975), 27.

STRENGTH AT LOW TEMPERATURES OF ALUMINIUM ALLOY JOINTS OBTAINED BY

FLUXLESS BRAZING AND VACUUM PRESSURE WELDING.

Tensile properties of Amts Al alloy were investigated at 293, 20 and

4,2°K. Stress strain curves are given for both brazed and welded points.

Dittmann^B. Schweisstechnik, Q (1973), 454.

VACUUM SOLDERING OF ALUMINIUM.

The physical and chemical principles of the process, suitable base

metals and brazing alloys are reviewed.

Schoer^H^ Z. Metallkunde, 63 (1972), 775.

A PROCESS FOR THE FLUX-FREE BRAZING OF ALUMINIUM (AND ITS ALLOYS) IN

AN INERT ATMOSPHERE.

Process for flux free brazing alumiunium, including the influence of

additions to the filler metal on the surface tension and results

obtained are described.

- 42 -

No author Iron Age Metalworking Inst., J^

(1973), 31.

FLUXLESS VACUUM BRAZING IN HIGH PRODUCTION PROCESS.

The brazing process of aluminium heat exchangers is described.

Schoer^H. Aluminium, 48 (1972), 803.

PROCESS FOR THE GAS SHIELDED FLUXLESS BRAZING OF AL AND COMPARISON

WITH OTHER BRAZING PROCESSES.

5iêlË££M£i_ïi?r Met- E n8- Q« i2. (1972), 44.

A CONTINUOUS FURNACE FOR VACUUM FLUXLESS BRAZING OF ALUMINIUM.

A description is given of the furnace and the procedure used in vacuum

brazing of aluminium.

Herr^H-K^ Mach. Des. 4£ (1974), 17)..

SAFE AND SURE ALUMINIUM BRAZING.

Advantages of flux free brazing as compared to brazing with a flux are

described.

Bielefeldti_IiP1 Presented at the Bi-annual conference

on heat treatment aspects of metal

joining processes, London, England,

1972.

WarnerÎAh 22nd National SAMPE Symposium,

San Diego, 1977.

FLUXLESS BRAZING OF ALUMINIUM.

2§iïi._Ii Rev« Sci- Instruments, 4 (1973), 517.

FLUXLESS LARGE AREA SOLDER CONNECTION TO ALUMINIUM.

A procedure is described for making a solder connection to Al at large

area interfaces.

- 43 -

3. ALUMINIUM-BERYLLIUM

NÊ£5S?IA_£.I5.L ^ C bulletin no 207, Welding Research

Council, 1975, 22 pp.

JOINING OF METAL/MATRIX FIBER REINFORCED COMPOSITE MATERIALS.

The joining processes for joining Al to beryllium are described.

- 44 -

4. ALUMINIUM/BORON COMPOSITES

Metzger, G.E. W.R.C. Bulletin no 207, Welding

Research Council, 1975, 22 pp.


The joining processes for joining Al/B materials are described.

Robertson, A.R. WeId. J., 5£ (1973), 446 s.

SOLDERING AND BRAZING OF ADVANCED METAL-MATRIX STRUCTURES.

Boron-Al is brazed using Al-Si alloys at temp

dip brazing in a molten bath or fluxless brazing in a vacuum.

The fluxless process leaves a joint with a remeIt temperature

200-500 F higher than the brazing temperature.

§ïï52e.ïj_IiY.L Martin Marietta Aluminium Inc.,

California, 1973, 173 p.

MONOLAYER BORON/ALUMINIUM COMPACTED SHEET MATERIAL.

Improvements in bonding and filament spacing obtained, through the use

of brazing powder in the fugitive binder are discussed.

Janesjj^ BMVG-FBWT-76-9, (1976).

APPLICABILITY OF CONVENTIONAL JOINING TECHNIQUES TO BORON FIBER AND

CARBON FIBER REINFORCED ALUMINIUM.

Reviews are presented of investigations into the application of conven

tional joining techniques to Al alloys reinforced with Borsic or Carbon

fibers.

Sf.EiLSÏli-ÏJiËi 13th Conference on structures,

structural dynamics and materials;

1972; San Antonio Texas, paper 78-310.

JOINING OF AL/BORON COMPOSITES.

A description of processes investigated at Convair is described which

includes brazing and eutectic diffusion brazing.

- 45 -

5. ALUMINIUM-COPPER

Lashko^J^V^ Svar. Proizvod, 4 (1976), 28.

QUALITY OF BRAZED TELESCOPIC COPPER-AL JOINTS.

Data are presented on brazing copper to aluminium concerning brazing

process, flux and strength of joint.

^ZSHSJSitJL s chwei s s technik, 4(19 74), 77..

SELECTED PROBLEMS IN THE JOINING OF THIN AL FOILS TO COPPER.

Results of strength and corrosion tests of joints are given.

5.1. ALUMINIUM-GRAPHITE

Metzger^G^ W.R.C. bulletin no 207, Welding

Research Council, 1975, 22 pp.

JOINING OF METAL/MATRIX FIBER REINFORCED COMPOSED MATERIALS.

The joining processes for joining Al to graphite are described.

Janes^S^ BMVG-FBWT-76-9, (1976).

APPLICIBILITY OF CONVENTIONAL JOINING TECHNIQUES TO BORON FIBER AND

CARBON FIBER REINFORCED ALUMINIUM.

Reviews are presented on investigations into the application of con

ventional joining techniques to Al alloys reinforced with Borsic or

Carbon fibers.

U2^SS2x-iiti Materials Review, 75 (1975), 68.

FABRICATION METHODS FOR YF-12 WING PANELS FOR THE SUPERSONIC CRUISE

AIRCRAFT RESEARCH PROGRAM.

Advanced fabrication and joining processes for Ti and composite materials

are being investigated by NASA are described.

5.2. ALUMINIUM-NICKEL ALLOYS

§°.E£l!§£2Y2i..A1fL Weld. Production, 2}_ (1974), 76.

CLADDING OF METAL COMPONENTS BY MEANS OF BRAZING.

A brief description is given of a method of contact-reaction brazing

of Al alloy disks with a nickel alloy foil.

- 46 -

5 . 3 . ALUMINIUM-NIOBIUM ALLOYS

Eremenko^Y^ Automat. Svarka, ^(1976), 27.

MAKING CONTINUOUS JOINTS OF ALUMINIUM WITH REFRACTORY METALS.

The purpose of this work was to determine the optimum conditions for

weld-brazing high purity Al with Nb. Results are reported.

5.4. ALUMINIUM-MOLYBDEEN

Eremenko^Y^ Automat. Svarka, 2 (1976), 27.



weld-brazing high-purity aluminium to molybdenum.


5.5. ALUMINIUM-STAINLESS STEEL

£§ï5^§££Hi._:L. J' Light Met. Weld. Constr. (Jpn)

J5 (1977), 160.

BRAZING OF ALUMINIUM TO STAINLESS STEELS.

Strength of lap joint brazed Al to stainless steel was investigated in

conjunction with alloying layers formed on the brazing interface.

Aluminium alloy 1100: stainless steels 304 and 430 brazing alloy

A1-7,5Z Si.

Influence of additive elements to the brazing alloy on alloying layer

is reported.

MSl5£e.Ei_2.i]L m c bulletin no 207, 1975.


The joining processes for joining Al to stainless steel are decribed.

GSEchakoyaÂJ^ Weld. Prod. 2\_ (1974), 76.

CLADDING OF METAL COMPONENTS BY MEANS OF BRAZING.

A brief description is given of a method of contact-reaction brazing

of Al alloy desks with a 18-9 Cr-Ni type stainless steel foil.

- 47 -

^.6. ALUMINIUM-STEELS

Lehrheuer, W. Second international colloquim on

welding in nuclear engineering,

1974, AED-conf.-74-538-005.

DEVELOPMENT OF EQUIPMENT AND METHODS FOR TYPICAL JOINING PROBLEMS IN

NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY.

Typical examples of joining problems are described. These include high-

temperature brazing and diffusion welding of high-quality steel Al

pipe transition pieces.

5.7. ALUMINIUM-TANTALUM

Eremenko^J^N^ Automat. Svarka, 2 (1976), 27.



weld-brazing high purity aluminium to tantalum.


5.8. ALUMINIUM-TITANIUM

HËkki_5ièi DRW Composite specialties Inc.,

GRANADA Hills, California, June,

1975, 30 pp.

NASA report NASA-CR-132730 (1976).

RETORT BRAZE BONDING OF BORSIC/ALUMINTJM COMPOSITE SHEET TO TITANIUM.

Braze bonding studies between Borsic/Al composite and titanium sheet

were conducted to establish acceptable brazing techniques and to assess

potential joint efficiencies.

No_author Weld. J., 5_3 (1974), 638.

SOLVING AN AL/TI BRAZING PROBLEM.

Brazing heat exchangers of Al foil to titanium ribs is described.

5 .9 . ALUMINIUM-TUNGSTEN

Eremenkoi_yiN1 Automat. Svarka, J_ (1976), 27.


The purpose of th is work was to determine the optimum conditions for

weld-brazing high purity aluminium with tungsten.


- 48 -

6. BERYLLIUM

t°if™2Y__:Lul Sprav. Park, (1976), 251.


A review is given with 21 refs on soldering low C, low alloy,

stainless and heat resistant steels and alloys, cast iron, Cu, Ni, Ti,

Mo, U, Zr, Ta, Be, Al and their alloys and Mg alloys. Fluxes, solders

and surface preparation and methods for each group are given.

Grant^_L.A^ (Metal Soc. Conv.) Beryllium,

1977, London Oct. 1977.

SUCCESSFULL APPLICATIONS OF FABRICATED BERYLLIUM STRUCTURES ON

SATELLITES.

Mechanical joining, adhesive bonding and metallurgical brazing joining

techniques of fabricated beryllium structures are reviewed.

-~~A----- Weld. J., 52 (1973), 1873.

EXPLORATORY STUDY OF A FLUXLESS ALUMINIUM BRAZING PROCESS FOR

BERYLLIUM.

Lehrheuer__W_ Schweissen u. Schneiden, 2J_ (1975),

371.

STATE OF THE ART AND EXPECTED FURTHER DEVELOPMENTS IN WELDING AND BRAZING

MAGNESIUM, BERYLLIUM AND THEIR ALLOYS.

The suitability of joining methods including brazing is reviewed.

Winkle__K_G_ Ind. Heating, __ (1974), 50.

HEAT TREATMENT OF BERYLLIUM COPPER ALLOYS.7. AVOIDING PROBLEMS AND

JOINING.

Proper heat treatment procedures are described arid _"•., joining by

soldering, brazing or welding.

Studenovi_G_V. Weld. Prod. 1\_ (1974), 51 .

BRAZING OF SPRING ELEMENTS MADE OF BERYLLIUM BRONZE BRB2.

- 49 -

V o g a n ^ J ^ Report N73-22420, 0972).

BRAZING OF BERYLLIUM FOR STRUCTURAL APPLICATIONS.

The brazing parameters in brazing beryllium is reported.

tiSSUi-mii ESRO-CR-209 (1974).

A STUDY OF THE STRUCTURAL APPLICATIONS OF BERYLLIUM.

A review is presented with 131 refs. on mechanical and physical proper

ties of powder metallurgy and wrought Be products.

Included are joining methods for beryllium.

Vogel, J.W. Report W-73-24896 (1973).

DEVELOPMENT OF BERYLLIUM HONEYCOMB SANDWICH COMPOSITE FOR STRUCTURAL

AND OTHER RELATED APPLICATIONS.

Feasibility of fabricating large Be honeycomb panels was demonstrated

by using braze bonding techniques.

SchïSEtZijyii Weld. Res. Counsel Bull., 1973, N182.


A review with refs. is given of developments in brazed honeycomb


- 50 -

7. BORONNITRIDE

Kolesnichenko2 O.A. Adgez Rasplavov, (USSR), (1974), 138.

BRAZING OF CUBIC BORONNITRIDE TOOLS

Manufacture of cubic boronnitride is described with brazing as the most

promising joining method with interface active alloys.

- 51 -

8. BRASS

Ü3Ï!lSE*JL Metall, 2i (1977), 971.

THE SEAWATER RESISTANCE OF BRAZED JOINTS BE ZINCIFICATION CORROSION.

Studies of low-melting Ag contg, brazing compounds showed that the

addition of small amounts of Ni substantially inhabited the action

of seawater by suppressing the phase subject to dezincification.

Lashko, S.V. Svar. Proizvod, 2 (1977), 30.

HIGH TEMPERATURE DIFFUSION BRAZING OF BRASS L 63 WITH TIN.

The poss bility of diffusion brazing of brass L 63 with tin instead

of Ag brazing alloys PSR AS or PSR 40 was investigated. Results are

reported.

§heerA_B^_Stu Svar. Proizvod, 5 (1976), 54.

GAS COMPOSITION IN PORES IN BRAZED JOINTS.

The gas composition in pores of brazed joints formed in flame brazing

of brass components with Ag brazing alloy was investigated by mass

spectrometry.

BondgrchukÔ.P. Automat Svanka, 2 (1977), 55.

SILVER-FREE SOLDER FOR HIGH TEMPERATURE SOLDERING OF BRASS

The development of a new type of solder to replace existing Ag solder

in engineering operations requiring reliable joints between brass

parts is described.

No_author Weld. Des. Fabr., 50 (1977), 55.

WHEN DOES AUTOMATED BRAZING PAY.

Automated sequences used in brazing of brass and stainless steel joints

during the manufacture of cutting torches are described.

Landrv^Bi Mater. Tech., 65 (1976), 183.

LEADED BRASSES: MACHINING AND WORKING.

Manufacture, brazing and soldering are outlined.

- 52 -

52DëfI£!»*i_2i?i Autom. Svarka, 8 (1?76), 30.

POROSITY OF THE SEAMS IN THE HIGH TEMPERATURE BRAZING OF BRASS.

The pore characteristics of the seams formed by standard high tempera

ture brazing alloys was studied.

GeitiBiJL Schweisstechnik, 24 (1974), 555.

PHOSPHORUS-CONTAINING BRAZING ALLOYS.

An investigation was made to determine if the brazing properties of

standard brazing alloy L Cu P8 contg. P 8Z were improved by certain

additions (e.g. Mn, Zn, Sn, Sb, Ni, Si, Al) in brazing brass to

brass.

8.1 Brass-Aluminium

Duboviki_A.Si Svar. Proizvod, 12(1975), 25.

THE USE OF WELDED AND BRAZED JOINTS IN THE MANUFACiURE OF DEVICES.

Hie manufacture of bimetallic elements by welding and brazing with

a flux using h.f. is given as an example.

8.2 Brass-Steel

DubovikÂ^ Svar. Proizvod, \2 (1975), 25.

USE OF BRAZE-WELDING JOINTS IN INSTRUMENT CONSTRUCTION.

Brass was braze-welded to steel rods having high mechanical properties.

- 53 -

9. BRONZE

^ H S A - Ï E I L . Svar. Proizvod, J (1976), 34.

BRAZING OF SILVER ELECTRIC CONTACTS.

A method of brazing SN-P bronze components for electrical contactors

to Ag contacts was developed.

StudenovÔ^ Svar. Proizvod, (1974), 31.

BRAZING OF SPRINGS OF BE BRONZE BR B2 USING HIGH TEMPERATURE BRAZING

ALLOYS.

Results are presented of an investigation into 1) the possibility of

given a full heat treatment and 2) the effect of heating during

brazing on the hardness.

9.1 Bronze-Stainless Steels

SJiibaloVtJl^V. Svar. Proizvod, 6_ Ó975), 49.

BRAZING OF TWO-LAYER CYLINDRICAL SHELLS WITH THROUGH HOLES.

A brazing technique to braze bronze shells to stainless-steel shells

with the aim to avoid porosity and microcracks was developed.

- 54 -

10. CERAMICS

Becher^P^ MC1C-78-36 (1978).

FORMING OF SI-N. and SIC CERAMICS VIA SOLID STATE BRAZING. 3 4

Brazing procedure for brazing Si,N, and SiC ceramics is described.

Nesse^F^ Metall, 21 (1973), 259.

ACTIVE SOLDERING OF CERAMICS AND GRAPHITE.

Active solders were investigated. Discussion of properties of

Ag-27 Cu-3Ti, Cu-49Ti-2Be, Au-20Ni-10Mo, Ti-31Cr-30Cr, Ti-28Ni, Ag-

4Cu0, and Ti-48 Zr-4Be. Optical microscopy results are presented.

Slaughterr_O.Mi Weld J. 56 (1977), 31.

DIRECT BRAZING OF CERAMICS, GRAPHITE AND REFACTORY METALS.

Brazing alloys have been developed that will wet and flow on alumina

and graphite without the need for base metal pretreatment. Dissimilar

metal joints have been succesfully employed at elevated temps.

Ricei_RiW1 Advances in forming Technology 1976,

Brook Hill Publ. Co, 69.

JOINING OF CERAMICS.

The basic concepts and limitations are illustrated for bonding ceram

ics to themselves and to other materials by welding, brazing, adhesive,

cement, mechanical and related joining.

Yana D. Metals Technology Conference B,

1976, Australian Institute of metals,

Melbourne.

WETTING OF ALUMINA BY CU-AG BRAZING ALLOYS.

The surface tension of Cu-Ag alloys and their wettability,on mono-

and polycrystalline Al-0- have been measured by the sessile technique.

ïü£2I5!S2YÉiA_üiNj. Svar. Proizvod, JJ. (1975), 22.

THE EFFECT OF TITANIUM ON THE SPREADING OF COPPER (BRAZING) ALLOYS

OVER CERAMIC MATERIALS.

Spreading of Cu brazing alloys contg Ti and Ni over ceramics at high

tempeiature was investigated to determine the Ti and Ni content for

optimum mech. properties of brazed metil/ceramic joints.

- 55 -

5l2SSSSi_5iti Philips Techn. Rev., 5 (1976),

209.

CERAMIC TO METAL BONDING WITH SPUTTERING AS A METALLIZATION TECHNIQUE.

The metallization of ceramic surfaces using a sputtering technique

is described.

Kruchinin^V^P. Svar. Proizvod, 2 (1972), 40.

CONTACT-REACTIVE BRAZING OF CERAMICS TO METALS.

A study was made of the effect of the cleanliners of the surface of

ceramics and of the conditions of contact-reactive brazing on the

quality of the brazed joints.

Slaughter^^^M^ Materials and Process for the 70*s;

Cost effectiveness and Reliability,

1971.


Recent advances in the development of filler metals for brazing

ceramics are described.

Ndidichi_YuiVi Porosh. Met., 3 (1974), 82.

ADHESION, WETTABILITY AND FORMATION OF INTERMEDIATE PHASES IN

TITANIUM CONTAINING MELT OXIDE SYSTEMS II: (NI-TI)- and (NI-MO-TI)-

ALUMINIUM OXIDE SYSTEM.

Determination of the contact angle of melts of Ni-Ti and Ni-Ti-Mo

melts on sapphire and A1?0,.

222Ü££lËA_Si2i Welding Design and Fabrication,

45 (1972), 49.

CERAMIC BRAZING HAS COME A LONG WAY.

Brazing ceramic parts via a metallized film for electronic application

is described.

- 56 -

Peter, H.J. Z1S Mitl., J5 (1973), 419.

H.F. INDUCTION BRAZING OF CARBIDE-TIPPED DRILLS.

Brazing carbide-tipped drills is described, technology of the brazing

process analysed and selection of brazing filler metals presented.

Bruce^W^R^ SME Tech. Paper Ser. Ad, 1976.

Paper AD 76-630, 12p.

SELECTING THE MOST EFFICIENT AUTOMATIC MACHINE FOR SILVER BRAZING.

5lïl2Yi_ïl}iïi Sov* Powder Metal 1 Met Ceram., Jj6

(1977), 637.

THERMAL STABILITY OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS BASED ON SOME BORIDE-OXIDE

SYSTEMS.

Temperature limits have been determined for the use of composite

materials based on boride-oxide systems as active solid ceramic,

brazing materials.

5üIêS^£Yi_YiYi Sov« Phys.-Teh. Phys. 22 (1977),

904.

PIEZOELECTRIC CERAMICS.

Piezoelectric ceramics are brazed with silver paste.

Am. Cer. Soc. Bull., 56_ (1977),

302.

§£t,w§ES2.iJLMi Weld. Res. Cound. Bull. 1973, NI32.

BRAZED HONEY COMB STRUCTURES.

A review is given with 36 refs. of developments in brazed honey comb


Weismulleri_Ei Przegl. Spawalnictwa (Poland), 25_

(1973), 209.

SPECIAL SOLDERS AND FLUXES FOR SOLDERING PLATES MADE OF SINTERED

CARBIDES.

Brazing methods and filler metals are described for soldering sintered

carbides.

Becheri_PiFi

BRAZING OF SI_N.. 3 4

- 58 -

TakashioÎK Yogyo Kyokai She, J54 (1976), 594.

ALUMINA CERAMIC TO NICKEL METAL SEALS BY REACTIVE ALLOYING METHOD USING

TI-NI-AG SOLDER. 2

The highest seal strength obtained was 140 kg/cm for samples sealed

at 1000 C for 7 min. Brazing procedure is presented.

Etter, D.E. MLM-2526 (1978).

MIGRATION OF IRON, COBALT, NICKEL AND CHROMIUM ASSOCIATED WITH SILVER

BRAZING DURING CERAMIC TO METAL JOINING.

To achieve max. bond strength brazing time and temperature should be

minimized.

poizei_E. D.V.S. Belichte: Schweissen in der

Kerntechnik, 3_2 (1974), 99.

CERAMIC TO METAL SEALING PROCESS FOR HIGH OPERATING TEMPERATURES.

Reported are the production of ceramic to metal seal:; for high operating

temperatures. The use of different brazing alloys are outlined.

5rÜSlïSSi_SiHi Schweissen und Schneiden 25_ (1973),

52.

HIGH TEMPERATURE RESISTANT CERAMIC/METAL JOINTS.

A review of ceramic/metal bonding is presented with particular refe

rence to céramic/metal joints in'thermionic converter applications.

Kogan^Jfu. Zavod, Lab. JJ8 (1972), 596.

THE MECHANICAL STRENGTH OF BRAZED JOINTS OF CERAMIC WITH METALS AT

ELEVATED TEMPERATURE.

The thermomechanical properties of joints between ceramics and metals

were studied by tensile tests carried out between 20 and 950-1000 C.

LîOSSDz-BiLi NASA-CR-120831, (1972).

HIGH TEMPERATURE (1200°C) CERAMIC-T0 METAL SEAL DEVELOPMENT.

The development, the brazing procedure and testing of a high temperature

ceramic-to-metal seal is described.

- 59 -

222littl£i_!L2.i Weld. Des. Fabr., _M (1972), 49.

CERAMIC BRAZING HAS COME A LONG WAY.

Recent improvements in brazing ceramic to ceramic or ceramic to

metals are reviewed.

Jilkovsky^y^ Tesla Electron, _1£ (1977), 75.

CERAMIC TO METAL SEALING MECHANISM.

Operations are described on nickel plating metallized ceramic surface

and brazing them to metal parts. Microstructure was examined.

Sï2DDÊSj._5iki Philips Tech. Rev. 35 (1975), 209.

CERAMIC TO METAL BONDING WITH SPUTTERING AS A METALLIZATION TECHNIQUE.

Sputtering has proved to be a valuable procedure for metallizing

ceramics for subsequent brazing. Procedures are outlined.

Twentymani_MÊ. J. Mater. Sci. j£ (1975), 765.

HIGH TEMPERATURE METALLIZING - 1. THE MECHANISM OF GLASS MIGRATION

IN THE PRODUCTION OF METAL-CERAMIC SEALS.

The method of making strong metal-ceramic seals to alumina and beryllia

ceramics by brazing is reviewed.

Lashko^N.F^ Weld. Prcd., ]3_ (1973), 55.

CHARACTERISTICS OF JOINT FORMATION IN METAL CERAMIC BRAZING.

An experimental investigation is reported on the factors controlling

the quality of brazed joints.

Kruchini:ii__ViPi Weld. Prod., 20 (Ï972), 68.

CONTACT REACTIVE BRAZING OF CERAMICS TO METAL.

The quality of brazed joints of ceramics to metals by copper titanium

brazing alloy has been investigated.

Gates^JkSi BDX-613-1683 (Rev.), (1977).

CERAMIC TO METAL SEALING.

- 60 -

Kazakov1 N.F. Autom. Svarka, j> (1975), 73.

DIFFUSION JOINT OF GARNET FERRITES WITH METALS.

Vacuum diffusion brazing methods are described. Shear stress as a function

of brazing parameters was calculated.

Stepanov, V.V. Tr. Ural. Politekh. Inst., 208

(1973), 17.

EFFECT OF HEAT TREATMENT AND BRAZING PARAMETERS ON THE BOND STRENGTH OF

A PLASMA SPRAYED COATING ON CERAMICS.

The effect of gas compn. temp, time of heat treatment and Cu brazing

on the bond strength of 4:1 Mo-Mn plasma sprayed coating on A1.0 was

studied.

Eroshev, V. Sprav. Paike, (1975), 286,

(in Russian).

SOLDERING OF METALS WITH CERAMICS.

A review is presented with 19 refs.

KS3H5i_£i IKE-5-132, (1971).

CERAMIC-METAL JOINTS FOR THERMIONIC CONVERTERS.

Described is the joining of A1_0_ to Nb-lZ Zr for thermionic converters.

Brazing procedure and brazing alloy used are described.

Noauthor Philips Techn. Rundschau, 1_ (1976),

227.

BRAZED CERAMIC TO METAL JOINTS USING CATHODE SPUTTERING AS METALLIZING

TECHNIQUE.

Cathode sputtering as metallizing technique is described.

- 61 -

11. CERMETS

?i2£h£i5i_l^ Tsvetn. Met., J_ (1977), 69.

69.

EFFECT OF HEATING CONDITIONS ON THE PROPERTIES OF TITANIUM CARBONITRIDE

ALLOY K NT-16.

The effect of heating conditions on the physical-mechanical pro-potties

of the TiCN-base alloy K NT-16 was studied. The recommended heating

rate was 25 C/sec/ to a level of 1050 C with slow cooling after the

brazing operation.

Tutorskaya. N.N. Weld.Prod., 2± (1974), 67.

ALLOYS FOR BRAZING CERAMICS.

Kehr, W.D. Am. Ceram. Soc. Bull., 52

( 1 9 7 3 ) , 7 1 7 .

METALLIZING FERRITE FOR BRAZING.

-62 -

11.1 CERMETS - STAINLESS STEELS

A52i2i._L. Weld. J., 52 (1973), 474 s.

BRAZABILITY OF Ni-Cr HEAT RESISTANT CERMENTS ON STAINLESS STEEL.

The veld ability and diffusion characteristics of four Ni-base cermets

on AISI 321 S.S. were investigated.

Benyakian, C.S. NASA Tech. Briefs, _3 (1978), 121.

HIGH TEMPERATURE BRAZING OF STAINLESS STEELS.

- 63 -

12. COBALT

Semenoy, V.N. Svar. Proizvod, 12^ (1975), 33.

THE EFFECT OF THE STRUCTURE OF EP 202 ALLOY ON THE SUSCEPTIBILITY TO

CRACKING DURING BRAZING.

A susceptibility of brazed joints of EP 202 alloy to cracking during

brazing was investigated in relation to the structure of the EP 202 alloy.

Hil!i_V.Lr NASA-CR-135299 (1977).

THERMAL FATIGIJE AND OXIDATION DATA FOR ALLOY/BRAZE COMBINATIONS.

Thermal fatigue and oxidation data were obtained for 62 brazed specimens

of 3 iron-, 3 nickel-, and 1 cobalt base alloy.

- 64 -

13. COPPER ALLOYS

Lotsmanov^S^N^ Sprav. Paifce, Parks,(1975), 251.


A review is given with 21 refs on soldering low C, low alloy, stainless

and heat resistant steels and alloys, toolsteels, powder metallurgy

hard alloys, cast iron, Cu, Ni, Ti, Mo, N, Zr, Ta, Be, Al and their

alloys and Mg alloys.

Fluxes, solders and surface preparation and methods for each group are

given.

WILLIAM^B^R^ Weld. Des. Fabr., 5J (1973), 63.

THE BASICS OF COPPER BRAZING.

Hovey^C.L. SME., Techn. Paper, No. AD77-727,

I I pages, 1977-

THIN FILM DIFFUSION BRAZING OF COPPER - 2 7. BERYLLIUM.

The brazing process and brazing arameters for brazinp Cu-2 % Be are

described.

The method is based on diffusion theory and phase equilibria.

L.Ê£iJ\.!L F.W.P.J., J2 ('977), 25.

BRAZING AND WELDING OF CU AND CU ALLOYS.

A review of the basics of brazing and welding Cu and Cu alloys is

presented.

Muiierx_Wolfgang Z1S Mit, J_9 (1977), 502.

LOW MELTING POINT Ag-Cu-Sn AND Ag-Cu-In BASE BRAZING ALLOYS.

Investigations were conducted to determine the hardness, strength

and shear tensile strength of four Ag-Cu-Sn and six Ag-Cu-In brazes

used with different parent metals, Cu and Cu Zn 37. Test results

are reported.

Kawano^H^ Weld J., 56 (1977), 325s.

DEVELOPMENT OF A COMPOSITE BRAZING WIRE.

A P-bearing brazing filler metal for Cu has been developped consisting

of a powder core and an outer metallic sheath.

Easy fabrication and good formability make the wire attractive for

many applications.

- 65 -

De_Y£iesi_Hi Rev- S o u d ure Lastijdschrift,

32 (1976), 83.

Tï'L WELDING BRAZING AND SOLDERING OF COPPER- NICKEL ALLOYS - PT 2.

Details are given of braze welding, metal arc welding, TIG welding,

MIG welding and resistance welding.

De_Vries,_H^ Rev. Soudure Lastijdschrift,

32 (1976), 33.

WELDING BRAZING AND SOLDERING OF CU-NI ALLOYS. PT I.

The characteristics of and procedure required for oxyacetylene welding,

soldering, and flame-, furnace-, induction-, resistance-, and dip

brazing are described.

Details of brazing fluxes and fillers are tabulated.

Hoss^ R^ Schweissen und Schneiden

28 (1976), 95.

QUALITY ASSURANCE IN THE BRAZING OF MOTOR VEHICLE RADIATORS.

The requirements which must be met by a motor vehicle radiator made

of Cu and the resulting problems in manufacture are discussed.

SchubertA J. Schweisstechnik

16 (1976), 159.

THE FORMING (BY FRAZING) OF SPECIAL COPPER SECTIONS IN THE CONSTRUCTION

OF INDUCTION FURNACES.

L a s h k o ^ S ^ Svar. Proizvod, W (1975), 34.

DETERMINATION OF REACTIVE BRAZING PARAMETERS OF CONTACTING TUBULAR

COMPONENTS OF COPPER AND STAINLESS STEEL IKh 18 NgT.

Formulae are derived for determining the hold time and temp, for the

reacting brazing of Cu and stainless steel,

Slïson^R^C^ Sheet MeLal Ind., 5_3 (1976), 93.

JOINING COPPER AND ITS ALLOYS.

Brazing, welding, soft soldering, adhesive bonding, mechanical fastening

are discussed.

- 66 -

Gertig, M. Schweisstechnik, 24 (1977), 555.



standard brazing filler metal L Cu P 8 contg. P 8 Z were improved

by certain additions (e.g. Mn, Zn, Sn, Sb, Ni, Si, Al) in brazing

Cu to Cu.

Dawson, R.J.C. John Wiley and Sons, 1973.

FUSSION WELDING AND BRAZING COPPER AND COPPER ALLOYS.

Low-temperature capillary brazing of Cu alloy structural components

is covered in depth together with gas shielded arc welding.

Crzhimal'skyT L.L. Svar. Proizvod, J^ (1973), 9.

INTERACTION OF SOLDERS WITH COPPER.

Results are presented of an investigation on the ability of several

elements, used as solders- to wet copper and to form brazed points.

No_2Hthor Weld. Eng., _59 ('974), 8.

BRAZING THE COPPER MLTALS.

A copper and copper alloy brazing guide.

No_author Nickel Top., 2!6 (1973), 10.

FABRICABILITY OF CA 706(90-10 COPPER-NICKEL) GIVES MAXIMUM HEAT TRANS

FER IN MINIMUM SPACE.

Data for brazing i:he 90 Cu 10 Ni alloy are given.

ÏÏSIi££iii_§iïL W e l d- J.» 52 (1973), 88.

JOINING COPPER AND COPPER ALLOYS.

Topics covered in this review of methods of joining Cu and Cu alloys

includes brazing and brazing procedures.

5SïShêISy±_Ji •*• Metal Finishing Soc, Japan,

23 (1972), 336.

WELDABILITY OF CU-P BRAZING ALLOYS CN PURE CU.

The weldability of Cu-P brazing alloys on pure Cu was studied.

- 67 -

Johnson^PÎh CDA-ASM Conference Paper No.033/2,

(1972).

COPPER-BASE BRAZING PASTES.

The use of Cu-base materials for the brazing of Cu - and ferrous-

base parts is reviewed.

öySïa._^\L.^ Met.Const. Brit. Weld. J.,

5 (1973), 205.

RESISTANCE SIZING OF ELECTRICAL CONTACTS.

Resistance brazing as a substitute for soft soldering copper wires

to silver plated contacts is described.

5SïêlSSi£üx_Ii Shindo Gijutsu Kenkyukai-shi,

|2 (1974), 95.

WELDABILITY OF CU-PH BRAZING ALLOYS ON COPPER AND COPPER ALLOYS.

iSïï£Ï2x_ïi. Bittl. Inst. Spawalnictwa

Gliwice, 54 (1973), 9.

VOLATILE-FLUX GAS BRAZING.

Brazing procedure for brazing Cu and Cu alloys is described.

Wuick^W., Metal 1, 2]_ (1973), 344.

STRENGTH BEHAVIOUR OF COPPER BRAZED JOINTS.

Tensile tests were performed on joints made by flame soldering and

induction soldering. Results are compared.

OmishijÎ^ Yosetsu Gakhai-shi,

40 (1971), !26.

ELECTROCHEMICAL ACTION OF FLUXES FOR SOlDERING PT 2.

The flux action on spreading of solders on Cu alloys is outlined.

Influence of different flux ions presented.

- 68 -

13.1 COPPER ALLOYS-BRASS

yiIÜSS£i_?i5i A D 76-630, (1976).

SELECTING THE MOST EFFICIENT AUTOMATIC MACHINE FOR SILVER BRAZING.

A specific study is made of operations associated with automatic

Ag brazing of Cu ribs into brass fittings.

- 69 -

13.2 COPPER ALLOYS-STAINLESS STEELS

L a s h k o ^ S ^ Svar. Proizvod., 11 (1974), 14.

PREVENTING THE OVERFLOW OF BRAZING ALLOY IN THE BRAZING OF INCLINED PANELS.

Results are reported on experiments to prevent overflow of brazing

alloy in brazing Cu panels to stainless steel pipes.

Moo head, A.J. AWS 55th Annual Meeting,

Houston, (1974), op 2.

BRAZING OF A COPPER-STAINLESS STEEL HEAT-FLUX.

The use of small weldability (inverted T) and flow specimens are used

to determine the optimum point gap requirements.

Pearmani_K1 Vacuum, 23_ (1973), 423.

A LABORATORY TECHNIQUE FOR ELECTRON BEAM BRAZING.

A simple brazing technique for brazing dissimilar n-etals such as

stainless steel and copper is described.

- 70 -

13.3 COPPER ALLOYS-STEELS

FrolovÎÂ^ Svar. Proizvod, _4 (1977), 14.

INVESTIGATION OF CONTACT MELTING OF MANGANESE IN COPPER/STEEL JOINTS

DURING BRAZING.

An investigation was carried out into contact melting of the Mn inter-

layer by means of which contact-reaction brazing of Cu with steel was

carried out.

Gertig^Jl^ Schweisstechnik, 2k_ (1974), 555.



standard brazing filler metal L-Cu P 8 contg. P 8 % were improved

by certain additions (e.g. Mn, Zn, Sn, Ni, Si, Al) in brazing Cu-steel.

- 71 -

14. GLASS (QUARTZ) - METAL

Ryabinin» V.S. Svar. Proizvod, T_ (1976), 40.

THE USE OF HIGH-TEMPERATURE BRAZING ALLOYS FOR A VACUUM-TIGHT BRAZING

OF QUARTZ GLASS TO METAL.

Requirements for high temperature brazing of quartz glass to metals

(Cu, Ag, Mo) were determined.

Grzegorzenicz,, J. Third Internat. Conf. Thin films,

Budapest, (1975), 205.

HIGH TEMPERATURE BOND (GOLD-GERMANIUM ALLOY BRAZING) TO THIN FILMS

COATING QUARTZ CRYSTAL PLATES.

The brazing of thin film electrodes of Ag, Ti-Ag, Cr-Ni-Ag, Cr-Au,

Ti-Au or Ti-Mo-Au alloys on quartz to Ni or permalloy ribbons coated

with electrolytic Au with the aid of an Au-Ge eutectic alloy is discussed.

NardichjJfiK Weld. Prod., 2\_ (1974), 22.

EFFECT OF THE GAS MEDIUM ON THE ADHESION OF GALLIUM BRAZING ALLOYS TO

SILICA GLASS.

- 72 -

15. GOLD

Cole, M. Met. Aust., 8 (1976), 93.

GOLD: MISCELLANEOUS USES.

The requirements of Au brazing techniques are discussed and the properties

of brazing alloys are detailed.

Roberts^P^ Gold Bull., 6 (1973), 112.

GOLD BRAZING IN ANTIQUITY: TECHNICAL ACHIEVEMENTS IN THE EARLIEST

CIVILIZATIONS.

- 73 -

16. GRAPHITE

Nesse^^ Metall., 2]^ (1973), 256.

ACTIVE SOLDERING OF CERAMICS AND GRAPHITE.

Active solders were investigated. Discussion of properties of Ag-27

Cu-3Ti; Cu-49Ti-2Be; Au-20Ni-10Mo; Ti-35 Cr-30Cr; Ti-28Ni; Ag-4CuO;

and Ti-48 Zr-4Be. Optical microscopy results are presented.

Slaughter, G.M. Weld. J., 56 (1977), 31.

(Also report ORNL-TM-5195 (1976))

DIRECT BRAZING OF CERAMICS, GRAPHITE AND REFRACTORY METALS,

brazing alloys have been developed that will wet and flow on alumina

and graphite without the need for base metal pretreatment.

Dissimilar metal joints have been succesfully employed at elevated temp.

AnJMSiJjiLi S v a r Proizvod, J_ (1977), 33.

HIGH TEMPERATURE SOLDERING OF GRAPHITE.

The effect is studied of the brazing temperature on the strength of the

brazed joints of graphite materials.

SlaugJiter^G^M^ Materials and Processes for the 70's -

Cost effectiveness and reliability.

SAMPE, (1973), 115.


A unique brazed powder-metallurgy transition joint for attaching

graphite to structural metals is discussed.

Schwartz^JWL Gold Bull., £ (1975), 102.

APPLICATIONS FOR GOLD-BASE BRAZING ALLOYS.

The composition and melting range of 30 alloys are tabulated and their

application reviewed. The brazing of graphite to graphite is also described.

Nesse^T^ Praktische Metallographie, _M_ (1974), 77.

THE MICROSTRUCTURE OF BRAZED JOINTS PRODUCED BY THE ACTIVE BRAZING OF

GRAPHITE WITH Au-Mo-Ni FILLER METAL.

Methods of brazing graphite with the aid of an Au-Mo-Ni filler metal are

described and discussed.

- 74 -

Slaughter, G.M. SAMPE Q., 3 (1972), 17.

WELDING AND BRAZING OF ADVANCES REFRACTORY ALLOYS.

Brazing alloys are also described for joining graphite, refractory metals

and refractory oxides.

Anikin, L.T. Weld. Prod-, 7± (1974), 59.

CALCULATION OF THE CONDITIONS OF THE THERMAL DIFFUSION BRAZING OF POROUS

GRAPHITES WITH CARBIDE FORMING BRAZING ALLOYS.

A method is presented for calculating the optimum duration of brazing

to insure complete carburazation of the brazing alloy.

Anikin, L.T. Weld. Prod., 24 (1977), 39.

HIGH TEMPERATURE BRAZING OF GRAPHITE.

DemuthI_F.O; 11th Biannual Conference on Carbon,

Gatlinbury, 0?73), (Conf-730601).

REACTION BRAZING OF POLYCRYSTALLINE GRAPHITES BY HIGH MELTING SOLDERS.

Schneider, P. Tesla Electron., *i (1975), 60.

BRAZING HEAT RESISTANT MATERIALS WITH A Zr-Rh SYSTEM BRAZE.

The Zr-25% Rh alloy is convenient for brazing graphite, carbides and

high alumina ceramics.

16.1 Graphite-Copper

Lindquist, L.O. LA-6928-MS, (1977).

GRAPHITE TO METAL BONDING TECHNIQUES.

The result of various bonding methods to join graphite to different

metals are reported.

èüiîSiJüIi Tsvetn. Met., Jj2 (1977), 32.

BRAZING GRAPHITE WITH COPPER.

Ways to improve the strength and physical properties of graphite - Cu

joints are mentioned.

16.2 Graphite-Metals and Metals Carbides

Ü2ÉaHiS£t_I^2i LA-6928-MS, (1977).

GRAPHITE TO METAL BONDING TECHNIQUES.

The results of various bonding methods to join graphite to different

metals are reported.

- 75 -

Amatot I. AWS 55th Annual Meeting, Houston,

CI974), 2.

BRAZING OF GRAPHITE - CONTAINING MATERIALS TO METALLIC SUBSTRATES.

Brazing alloys considered are Ni-Cr-Si, Zr-Be-Ti, Ni-Ti for the

graphites and Ni-Cr-P, Ni-Cr-Si, Ni-Ti for the graphite and boron

nitride.

(see also Welding J., 53 (1974),

623.

Lutkov, A.I. Weld Prod., 22 (1975), 9.

SPECIAL FEATURES OF THE INTERACTION OF GRAPHITE WITH IRON IN CONTACT

REACTIVE BRAZING.

A method has been developed for studying the effect of the structure

and properties of formed materials on the strength of brazed joints in

contact reactive brazing of graphite to iron.

Lashko, N.F. Weld Prod., 20 (1973), 55.

CHARACTERISTICS OF JOINT FORMATION IN METAL-CERAMIC BRAZING.

16.3 Graphite-steels

Kokinax_T1Ai Konstr. Mater. Osn. Grafila,

2£ (1975), 176.

STUDY OF THE INTERACTION OF STEEL WITH GRAPHITE DURING CONTACT-REACTION

SOLDERING.

iüÜeYx-èiii Svar. Proizvod, \2^ (1975), 7.

CHARACTERISTICS OF GRAPHITE-IRON INTERACTION IN REACTIVE BRAZING.

The effect of both the temperature of heat treatment of graphite and

initial C-content of the steel on the degree of carburization in

reactive brazing was investigated.

5ÊEË5iOi_AiYi Svar. Proizvod, 2_ (1975), 7.

A METHOD OF CALCULATING THE PENETRATION DEPTH IN CONTACT REACTIVE

BRAZING OF GRAPHITE TO STEELS.

A formula for determining the penetration depth in the contact-reactive

brazing of graphite GMZ to steel St3 is derived.

- 76 -

Kochebov, D.V. Weld. Prod., 1 (1974), 15.

INVESTIGATION OF HEAT CONDITIONS IN THE BRAZING OF GRAPHITE TO STEEL.

To avoid internal stresses a temperature drop in axial and radial

directions is suggested during brazing.

Lukina, E. Yu. Weld. Prod., 20 (1973), 58.

CHARACTERISTICS OF THERMAL EXPANSION OF BRAZED JOINTS BETWEEN GRAPHITE

AND METAL.

The coefficient of thermal expansion of graphite steel joints have

been determined.

Medvediva, Yu. A. Weld. Prod., 20 (1973), 62.

WETTING OF GRAPHITE AND STEEL BY COPPER BRAZING ALLOYS.

Results are presented of an investigation of graphite and steel wetting

by molten brazing binary copper alloys.

16.4 Graphite-titanium

Metzger^GÊ^ WRC bulletin no. 207, (1975).


The joining processes for joining titanium to graphite composites are

described.

- 77 -

17. HASTALLOY X

Watson, G.K. Weld. J., 56 (1977), 306s.

BRAZED NICKEL/NIOBIUM DISSIMILAR METAL PIPE JOINTS FOR 720°C SERVICE.

Direct brazing was investigated as a method of fabricating Hastalloy X/

Nb alloy dissimilar metal pipe joints for possible use in a Brayton

cycle space power system.

Rippe, M.F. Annual assembly, institute of

welding, London, (1977), paper 21

(preprint).

ECONOMICAL PALLADIUM-GERMANIUM-NICKEL BASED ALLOYS FOR USE IN HIGH

TEMPERATURE BRAZING.

Brazing alloys are described which do not react with Hastalloy X and

which produce brazed joints with good mechanical properties at high

and low temperature.

Dennis, L. Proceedings of the Symposium on

welding, bonding and fastening,

(1972), Williamsburg (USA), 23.

THE EFFECTS OF HIGH TEMPERATURE BRAZING AND THERMAL CYCLING ON THE

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF HASTALLOY X.

Sheward, G.E. Weld. J., 55 (1976), 285s.

DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF A Na-Cr-P BRAZING FILLER METAL.

The characteristics and mechanical and corrosion properties when the

filler metal is used with Hastalloy X is described.

- 78 -

18. KASTALLOY N

Roger, J.N. ORNL-TM-4272 (1972).

COMPATIBILITY OF BRAZING ALLOYS AND MOLTEN SALT SODIUM FLUOBORATE - 8

MOL PERCENT SODIUM FLUORIDE AT 6I0°C.

Corrosion of 8 different brazing alloys used for brazing Hastalloy N

were exposed to a corrosive medium. Results are reported.

- 79 -

19. INCONEL - 718

Christens en^J^ Weld. J., 53 (1974), 460s.

NICKEL BRAZING BELOW 1025°C OF UNHEATED INCONEL 718.

A method is described in which the dewetting effect of oxides is

eliminated during the brazing cycle using Zr as getter material.

Blair, W. Weld. J., 52_ (1973), 433s.

PROCEDURE DEVELOPMENT FOR BRAZING INCONEL 718 HONEYCOMB STRUCTURES.

The description is given of the brazing procedure for brazing inconel

718 and experimental data on properties are given.

Kaufmann, S.F. WAPD-TM-1208 (1974).

MECHANICAL AND METALLURGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF Ni-Cr-Fe ALLOY 718

BRAZED WITH Na-13Cr-10P FILLER METAL.

Results of tensile and fatigue tests are presented at room temp, and

600°F.

?ilitl2ïi._2ièi Proc, Annu. Tech. Met. Int.

Microstruct. Anal. Soc. 4th, (1971),

303.

HIGH TEMPERATURE SODIUM INDUCED CHANGES IN INCONEL 718 BRAZEMENT

MICROSTRUCTURES.

The effect of 3500 hrs. exposure to Na on the microstructure and compn.

of braze alloy and base metal is reported.

- 80 -

20. INC0NEL-X-750

Christenseni_Ji Annual assembly, Institute of welding,

London, (1977), paper 14 (preprint).

INFLUENCE OF SURFACE TREATMENT ON THE SHEAR STRENGTH OF BRAZED JOINTS

IN INCONEL X-750.

The shear strength of shaft-socket type specimen tested at room

temperature, 300 C and 600 C of vacuum brazed joints of Inconel-X-750

are discussed.

- 81 -

21. IRON

L:£l2Y§Ei_§iïi Sov- Phys- Dok1-» 22. (1977), 409.

UPHILL DIFFUSION OF CARBON DURING PIG-IRON BRAZING OF LOW ALLOY SILICO-

MANGANEX STEEL.

Brazing is described together with the phenomenom uphill diffusion.

Novosadovi_V.Si Smachivaemost Poverlit.

Svoistva Rasplavos Tverd Tel.,

(1972), 271.

EFFECT OF DISPERSION DURING BRAZING OF IRON AND TUNGSTEN.

The interaction of iron with molten Pb, Ag are reported.

21.1 Iron-tungsten

HeinzeljJ^ Metall., 26 (1972), 325.

DIFFUSION LAYERS IN SOLDERED JOINTS BETWEEN IRON AND TUNGSTEN.

The effect of Ni on soldered joints between Fe &.. N was studied by

strength tests and microscopic examination.

- 82 -

22. CAST-IRON

Lo^sinanov^Jï^N. Sprav. Paike, (1975), 251.


A review is given with 21 refs. on soldering low C, low alloy, stainless

and heat resistant steels and alloys, tool steeels, powder metallu1-'-*

hard alloys, cast iron, Cu, N, Ti, Mo, W, Zr, Ta, Be» Al, and thin alloys

and Mg alloys. Fluxes, solders and surface preparation and methods

for each group are given.

?__ÊB___2______ Svar. Proizvod, J2 (1976), 10.

ESTIMATING THE COMPATIBILITY OF MATERIALS USED FOR BRAZING CAST IRON

TO CAST IRON OR STEEL.

The possibility of employing well-known technological materials for

brazing cast iron to cast iron or steel with heating of the brazing

alloys to above their liquidus temperature was investigated.

lHEY.8iBz_Y.iNi Svar. Proizvod, 6_ (1976), 12.

THE EFFECT OF THE DIFFUSION LAYER ON THE STRENGTH OF A BRAZED CAST IRON

2KL13 STEEL JOINT.

___E22____!;_ B.C.I.R.A. Conf. on Engineering

properties and performance of

modern iron castings.

Loughborough, (1972), 327 + 363.

JOINING OF IRON CASTINGS.

The procedure and techniques employed in the joining of iron castings

cither to themselves or to components of other materials by welding,

brazing, soldering or adhesive bonding are described in detail.

Bern§_2E_____ ZIS mit., |9 (1977), 509.

BRAZING OF CAST IRON.

Test results are presented which show that grey cast iron, black

and white malleabe cast iron as well as alloyed and unalloyed chilled

cast iron with up to 1,5% Cr can be succesfully joined by brazing.

http://lHEY.8iBz_Y.iNi

- 8: -

Hogabogm, A.S. Weld. J., _56 (1977), 17. .

WELDING OF GRAY CAST IRON.

In repairing gray cast iron welding and brazing techniques are considered.

Be_llj T. Weid. and Met. F*br., 44 (1976),

289.

VACUUM BRAZING OF CAST IRON CYLINDERS INTO ENGINE BLOCKS.

Kobayashi, T. Sogo Imono Senla Kenkyu Chosa

Hokoku (Japan), (1975), 193.

DIFFUSION BONDING OF CAST IRON.

Flux and vacuum brazing was studied of flake and nodular graphite cast

irons.

- 84 -

23. KOVAR-ALUMINIA

Chambers. W.F. SAND-76-5* '1976).

ELECTRON MICROPROBE STUDIES OF METAL-CERAMIC BRAZED JOINTS.

Methods of conducting stress analys in kovar-aluminia joints are

described.

- 85 -

24. MAGNESIUM

Lotsmanoy, S.N. Sprav. Paike, (1975), 251.


A review is given with 21 refe. on soldering low C. low alloy, stainless

and heat resistant steels and alloys, tool steels, powder -«etallurgy

hard alloys, cast iron, Cu, N, Ti, Mo, W, Zr, Ta, Be, Al, and their

alloys and Mg alloys. Fluxes, solder and surface preparation and methods


Petrunin. I.E. Vestnik Mash. 2 (1973), 55.

METHODS OF SOLDERING MG ALLOYS IN GAS MEDIA.

Methods of soldering Mg alloys in gas media are described and discussed.

Lehrheuer, W. Schweissen u. Scheiden, Tl_ (1975),

371.

STATE OF THE ART AND FURTHER DEVELOPMENTS IN WELDING AND BRAZING MAGNESIUM,

BERYLLIUM AND THEIR ALLOYS.

The suitability of joining methods including brazing is reviewed.

Markova, I.Yu. Weld. Prod., 2\ (1974), 57.

INVESTIGATION OF A METHOD OF BRAZING MAGNESIUM ALLOYS.

Experimental analyses are performed in the relationship of interaction

between magnesium and its oxide and hydroxyde. A low temperature active

gas medium seems to be suitable in brazing this metal.

- 86 -

25. MOLYBDENUM

Lotsmanqv, S«N. Sprav. Paike, (JQ75), 251.



and heat resistant steels and alloys, tool steels, powder metallurgy

hard alloys, cast iron, Cu, N, Ti, Mo, W, Zr, Ta, P' Al, and their

alloys and Mg alloys. Fluxes, solder and surface preparal methods


Lindberg, L.B. Weld. J. 54 (1975), 311s.

BRAZING MOLYBDENUM AND TUNGSTEN FOR HIGH TEMPERATURE SERVICE.

Investigations have been conducted to develop vacuum brazes for molybdenum

and fmgsten which can be used to 1597 C.

Anikeev, E.F. Svar. Proizvod, _3 (1978), 12.

WETlitfG OF HIGH-MELTING METALS WITH COPPER BASE ALLOYS.

The effect of P in 90 Cu - 10 Ag alloy on wetting molybdeninr, niobium

and tantalum was investigated.

Tutorskayat„N.N. Svar. Proizvod, 2 (1976), 39.

BRAZING ALLOYS WITH LOW VAPOUR TENSION NOT CONTAINING PRECIOUS METALS.

Brazing alloy for brazing e.g. molybdenum having a vapour tension at

700 C < 1x10 torr and the same wettability as Au alloys is described.

2liSliESi-Yikt Svar. Froizvod, 9_(l976), 48.

A NEW-BRAZING ALLOY VPR20 FOR BRAZING HIGH MELTING MATERIALS.

A brazing alloy contg. V28, Ti16, TalO (Nb+Cr+Mo) < 1% and Zr remainder

was developed for brazing Nb, Mo and W and their alloys.

Piilir-NjE., Nucl. Technol., 26.. (1975), 183.

DEVELOPMENT OF BRAZING FILLER METALS FOR MOLYBDENUM.

A series of Fe-Mo-C-B and Fe-Mo-Ge-C-B Fe base brazing filler metals

for molybdenum has been investigated. Brazing experiments are performed

on joints between Mo members.

- 87 -

Semenink, A. AWS 55th Annual Meeting Horeston,

(1974).

PROPERTIES OF TZM AND BEHAVIOUR OF TZM BRAZEMENTS IN A NUCLEAR

ENVIRONMENT.

Brazing TZM using Zr-Be 5% is described as are the properties of the

brazement in a nuclear environment.

Cole, N.C. An. Nucl. Soc. Trans., j_7 (1973),

154.

BRAZING OF MOLYBDENUM.

Brazing procedure and properties of joints in brazing molybdenum for

use between 400-1000 C using 3 different brazing alloys are described,

Cole, N.C. Weld. J., 52 (1973), 466 s.

DEVELOPMENT OF CORROSION RESISTANT FILLER METALS FOR BRAZING MOLYBDENUM

A series of Fe base brazing alloys were developed for joining Mo;

properties of the brazing alloys are described.

Osintsev, O.E. Wen?. Prod., 20 (1973), 69.

STRENGTH OF BRAZED JOINTS IN SHEET MOLYBDENUM.

Factors which determine the strength are discussed.

BraggljL;.A. Proc. 7th symposium on engineering

problem of fusion research.

Knoxville, (1977), 1413.

ON THE FABRICATION AND BRAZING OF 120-KEV, 65-A, 0.5 SEC ACCELERATOR

GROUP ASSEMBLIES.

The manufacture and brazing of molybdenum quels is described.

KhorunovÛ^Fj Autoir.. Svarka, jj_ (1974), 53.

MANUFACTURE OF BRAZED LAYER STRUCTURES.

A review of foreign literature published in 1958-1969 on brazing of


- 88 -

25.1 Molybdenum-Stainless S te - l s

Grishin, V.L. Svar. Proizvod, 2 (1978), 16.

FEATURES OF THE BRAZING OF DISSIMILAR THICKNESS ELEMENTS OF MOLYBDENUM

AND ITS ALLOYS TO STEELS.

To estimate the thermal stresses, a theoretical calculation and experimental

determination of the temperature gradient over the brazed joint vas

madf

. .C. Nucl. Technology, 26_ (1975),. 183.

DEVELOPMENT OF BRAZING FILLER METALS FOR MOLYBDENUM.

A series of Fe-Mo-C-B and Fe-Mo-Ge-C-B Fe-base brazing filler metals

for molybdenum has been investigated. Brazing experiments are done in

making joints between molybdoiumand stainless steel.

25.2 Molybdenum-titanium

Osintsev, D.E. Svar. Proizvod, 3_ (1973), 37.

STRENGTH OF BRAZED JOINTS OF SHEET MOLYBDENUM.

The mechanical properties of brazed joints between molybdenum and

titanium were investigated. Brazing procedure is described.

Hessex P. Schweissen u. Schneiden, 26_ ('974),

94.

INCREASED EFFICIENCY BY LIGHT BEAM HEATING IN JOINING.

The basic physics of process is reviewed and an example of brazing

molybdenum to titaiium is described.

- 89 -

2 6 . MOLYBDENUM DISILICIDE - STEELS

U t i ^ l L i i - u i Y i Svar. Proizvod, 2 (1978), 20.

BRAZING OF MOLYBDENTW D'.SILICIDE WITH A PHOSPHORUS CONTAINING BRA-iNG

ALLOY.

A method for brazing Mo Si. to steel was developed.

- 90 -

27. MONEL

Larson^D^ J. Vac. Sci. Techn.,

J2 (197b), 721.

SURFACE CHARACTERIZATION OF Ni Cu ALLOY DISPLAYING POOR W£TTAETM "

DURING BRAZING.

Analyses are presented of the problem of poor wettability of Monel

during brazing.

- 91 -

28. NICKEL ALLOYS

Lotsâ^.v-jJ^N. Sprav. Paike, (1975), 251.

TECHNV'*A.VTCAL PROCESS FOR SOLDERING.

A liview is given with 21 refs.on soldering low C, low alloy, stainless

and heat resistant steels and alloys, tooisteels, powder metallurgy hard

alloys, cast iron, Cu, Ni, Ti, Mo, W, Zr, Ta, Be, Al and their alloys

and Mg alloys. Fluxes, solder and surface preparation and methods for

each group are given.

§£s£fêD£i_S5S5_5iÊiH Schweissen und Schneiden,

23 0977), 42K.

INVESTIGATIONS OF HIGH TEMPERATURE BASED JOINTS OF Ni Cr 20 Ti Al.

The behaviour of high temp, brazed joints of Ni Cr 20 Ti Al, made in a

vacuum furnace using B Ni-5 as brazing alloy was investigated by the

elevated temp, tensile test (400-900°C).

§£frf£f:25.*_5525_2i££er Schweissen und Schneiden,

29 0977), 392.

INVESTIGATIONS ON THE CRACKING MECHANISM IN JOINTS MADE BY HIGH TEMPER

ATURE BRAZING UNDER OSCILLATING LOAD.

The coarse of damage in joints made by high temperature brazing during

oscillating and thermic loading is described.

Brazing filler metals used are BNI-5 and BAu-4.

Dohertv^PiEi Weld. J, 56_ (1977), 37.

NEW FORMS OF FILLER MATERIALS FOR DIFFUSION BRAZING.

A new approach to the diffusion brazing is described based on the con

trolled addition of B to metal surfaces.

Enga-R^Di Weld. J, 56 (1977), 15.

NICKEL-BASE BRAZING METALS FOR AIRCRAFT GAS TURBINE APPLICATIONS.

Brazed joints of the Ni-base brazing filler metal PWA 996 demonstrated

superior ambient temp, shsar strength and ambient temp, and 482°C (900 F)

fatigue strength when compared to the substantially more expensive Au-

base filler, metal B-A4 4 in laboratory mechanical testing.

- 92 -

Van der Sluis,_H.H. Annual Assembly, London, 1977

Institute of Welding, paper 15

(preprint).

WETTING AND AGGRESSION EFFECTS OF HIGH TEMPERATURE BRAZING FILLER METALS

ON DIFFERENT BASE METALS.

Brazing tests were made on the wetting and aggression behaviour of three

Au-base, two Ag-base, four Ni-base and three Cu-base metals on stainless

steel AISI 304 and AISI 321, C steel C45, Cu 0FHC and 99,9 and Fe-Ni-Co

alloy.

Tokahashit_S. Bull Jpn. Inst. Metals,

|4_; (1975), 747.

MATERIALS-PROCESSING EXPERIMENTS IN THE LOW-GRAVITY SPACE ENVIRONMENT

OF SKYLAB.

Preliminary tests and experiments carried out in the space station are

reviewed. Ni tubes or sleeves were brazed with Cu-Ag-Ci alloy.

Zaramba^ P. Schweissen und Schneiden,

29_ (-977), 256.

INVESTIGATIONS INTO THE HIGH TEMPERATURE BRAZING OF TYPE Ni Cr 20 Ti,

NICKEL ALLOY UNDER VACUUM CONDITIONS.

Joints made from NiC'r 20Ti material brazed in a vacuum furnace were ten

sile tested and subjected to metallographic investigations.

§hêJ:2YJ.i_A.i§i Sprav. Paike, C975) , 102.


A review is given on fluxes and gaseous media for high- and lot. tempera

ture soldering of ferrous and non-ferrous alloys including nickel and

nickel alloys.

-SemejjPJÜj-XJi.' Metalloved Term Obrab. Met.,

I (1976), 54.

EFFECT OF HEAT TREATMENT ON THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF THE NICKEL-

CHROMIUM-BASE ALLOY KHN67MVTYu.

The effect of heat treatment on the strength and ductility of this alloy

in the temp, range 720 - 875 C is described.

- 93 -

Fairbanks, N.P. AFML-TR-76-155, (1976).

HIGH TEMPERATURE BRAZE FOR SUPERALLOYS.

The programme to identify and characterize a low-cost replacement alloy

for 70% Au 8% Pd 22% Ni (palniro 7) is summarized.

9EÜa_Ji Prakt. Metallogr., J4_ (1977), 87.

THE METALLOGRAPHIC INVESTIGATIONS OF BRAZED JOINTS IN NICKEL-BASE ALLOYS

USING VARIOUS TECHNIQUES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CONTRAST.

The use of various etching techniques for phase analysis of Ni-base alloy

brazed joints is described.

Semenov^JLNi Svar. Proizvod, J_ (1976), 36.

THE EFFECT OF THERMAL CYCLE OF BRAZING ON THE STRUCTURE OF EP 202 ALLOY

AND ITS TENDENCY TO CRACKING UNDER THE ACTION OF A MOLTEN BRAZING ALLOY.

Optical and electron microscope investigations were done to examine the

causes of cracking of a Ni alloy brazed with a Cu-Ag alloy.

Lugschneider^F^ Weld, J., 55_ (1976), 319s. .

ON Co-Ni-Cr-B FILLER METALS FOR HIGH TEMPERATURE BRAZING.

A description is given of the properties of Co-Ni-Cr-B brazing allovs.

Steward^Gifi Weld, J., 55 (1976), 285?»

DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF A Ni-Cr-P BRAZING FILLER METAL.

The brazing characteristics, mechanical and corrossion properties of the

brazing filler metal when used with a Ni-base alloy is described.

SzederfeiÊ^ Werkst. Korros. , 27. (1976), 432.

THE PROBLEM OF THE POóbxBLE CORROSSION OF BRAZED ALLOY STEEL FITTINGS

PARTICULARLY BY KNIFE-LINE ATTACK.

Long term tests (1 year) on steel fittings brazed with Ag-Cd or Ag-Cu-

Zn-Ni solder in tap water was carried out.

Nielage^B^ Weld. J., _54 (1975), 344s.

CRACKING SUSCEPTIBILITY AND MICROSTRUCTURE OF Ni-Cr 20-Ti-Al BRAZED JOINTS.

An investigation was conducted into the microstructure of brazed joints

made in a high strength Ni alloy using BNi-5 as brazing filler metal.

- 94 -

HilljJL NASA-Cr-135299 .

THERMAL FATIGUE AND OXIDATION DATA FOR ALLOY/BRAZE COMBINATIONS.

Thermal fatigue and oxidation data were obtained for 62 brazed specimen

of 3 iron-, 3 nickel- and 1 cobalt base alloy.

Hauber1_JiR. Met. Eng. A., JL5. (1975), 51:

SURFACE DISCOLORATION OF HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS.

A study was made of surface discoloration and poor wettability encountered

during vacuum brazing of nickel base alloys.

Larsonj D.T. J. Vac. Sci. Technol.,

_^2. (1975), 721.

SURFACE CHARACTERIZATION OF Ni-Cu ALLOY DISPLAYING POOR WETTABILITY DURING

BRAZING.

On the bases of tests it was concluded that the poor wettability was caused

by a graphite surface film due to a high C concentration in the material.

5Ê-ti°Ux_At AED-Conf.-74-538-041, (1974).

MICROSTRUCTURE OF BRAZED JOINTS MADE OF HEAT RESISTANT MATERIALS WITH

FILLER METALS ON Ni-Cr BASES AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON DUCTILITY OF THE JOINTS.

Gyorgak. CA. NASA-TN-D-8064, (1975).

SEVERAL BASE FILLER METALS FOR JOINING AN OXIDE-DISPERSION-STRENGTHENED

Ni-Cr-Al-ALLOY.

An evaluation is presented of braze filler metals for the above mentioned

alloy.

5ü2§.»_¥i Schweissen und Schneiden,

28 (1976),,121.

EINFLUSS DER LÜTBEDINGUNGEN AUF DIE BIXGE WECHSELFESTIGKEIT VON LÖTVER-

BINDUNGEN AN HOCHFESTEN STAHLEN.

Kenyon<4_Ni Weld. Res. Suppl.,

4_ (1974), 145.

BRAZING OF A DISPERSION STRENGTHENED NICKEL-BASE ALLOY MADE BY MECHANICAL

ALLOYING.

- 95 -

No author Techn. Rundschau, 4^ (1974), 33.

WELDING OF NICKEL AND ITS ALLOYS.

Welding and brazing of different nickel alloys is described in some detail.

De.PaoUÂ. AED-Conf-7 4-538-041 (1974).

MICROSTRUCTURE OF BRAZED JOINTS MADE OF HEAT RESISTANT MATERIALS WITH

FILLED METALS ON Ni-Cr BASES AND THEIR INFLUENCE OF DUCTILITY OF THE JOINTS.

SxS30AM.£iAs NASA-TN-D-8064, (1975).

SEVERAL BRAZE FILLER METALS FOR JOINING AN OXIDE-DISPERSION-STRENGTHENED

Ni-Cr-A- ALLOY.

An evaluation is presented of braze filler metals for the above mentioned

alloy.

Grosshurth Practische Metallographie,

J_j_ (1974), 249. .

MICROSTRUCTURAL INVESTIGATIONS IN THE HOT-STAGL MICROSCOPE ON THE ALLOY

Ni Cr 20 Ti Al BRAZED IN VACUUM WITH PALLADIUM-NICKEL.

The microstructure of the alloy Ni Cr 20 Al Ti,brazed with Pd-Ni alloy

was studied. Results are reported.

£rujsdevJI_^.Ji. Svar Proizvod, 2 (1974), 34.

TECHNOLOGICAL FEATURES OF BRAZING ALLOY ZhS6K USING THE FILLER METAL VPRM.

The effect of the width of the gap and various modes of hr*t treatment on

the strength of brazed joints of the Ni-Cr ZhS6K alloy at 20° and 950° C

were investigated.

J A ^ A O - J I T A ' . Mater. Eng., 82 (1975), 52.

HIGH lEMPEhATURE BRAZING DEMANDS CAREFUL SELECTION OF FILLER I'ETALS.

A review with no refs, is presented.

Lange, H. Practische Metallographie,

K) (1973), 672.

MICROSTRUCTURAL INVESIIG: -0NS ON GOLD-NICKEL BRAZED JOINTS IN THE ALLOY

Ni Cr 20 Ti Al WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO HIGH TEMPERATURE MICROSCOPY.

High temperature microscope examinations of Au-Ni brazed joints in Ni Cr

20 Ti Al alloy are described.

- 96 -

Jervolino, G. Tratt. Metalli (Italy), 3 (1973), 30.

BRAZING AT HIGH TEMPERATURE WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO JET AIRCRAFT

ENGINES.

Brazing techniques in low vacuum or in a reducing atm. are discussed.

Botros_j_B.M; Ad73-222, (1973).

BRAZING OF NICKEL BASE ALLOYS.

Studies were performed to evaluate various brazing Ni-base alloys.

Gyorgak, B.A. NASA-TN-D-8064, (1975).

SEVERAL BRAZE FILLER METALS FOR JOINING AN OXIDE-DISPERSION-STRENGTHENED

Ni-Cr-Al ALLOY.

Mortland, I.E. NASA-SP-510I , (1972).

WELDING AND BRAZING OF Ni and Ni ALLOYS.

Detailed information is given on the brazing and welding of Ni and Ni

alloys.

Steffens, H.D. Z. Werkstoff techn., 8 (1977), 82.

BEHAVIOUR OF HIGH TEMPERATURE BRAZED JOINTS UNDER ALTERNATING LOADS AT

HIGH TEMPERATURE.

Fatigue tests were carried out on Ni base alloys at 500 C and 700 C.

ColbusÎ^ Metall, 30 (1976), 927. .

MICROSTMJCTUftE OF THREE NICKEL BASE BRAZING ALLOYS AND OF THE JOINTS

PRODUCED IN THREE HIGH TEMPERATURE RESISTANT MATERIALS.

The structure of the brazing alloy and parent metal during brazing and

solidification were investigated.

'""K-liESilJIi Weld# 3 ' » È1 (1975), 3443. . CRACKING SUSCEPTIBILITY AND MICROSTRUCTURE OF Ni-Cr-20-Ti-Al BRAZED JOINTS.

The influence of heat treatment on the mechanical properties of the brazed

joint was studied.

Kenyon^jj^ W e l {j. j, f 53 (1974)t 14s 3,

BRAZING OF A DISPERSION STRENGTHENED NICKEL BASE ALLOY MADE BY MECHANICAL

ALLOYING.

Brazing procedure is described.

- 97 -

Hoiks, JC.H. Proceedings of 2nd International

Conf. on superalloys, (1972).

Report MCIC-72-W.

STATE OF TECHNOLOGY FOR JOINING Td-NiCr SHEET.

Among other joining methods such as welding, brazing is reported.

Kulik, S.G. Weld.Prod, 20 (»973), 55.

PERFORMANCE OF NOZZLE VANES PRODUCED BY DIFFUSION BOND THROUGH AN INTER

MEDIATE LAYER.

Comparitive tests were carried out to determine which intermediate layer

performs the best..

It was concluded that brazing alloy VPr7 performed badly.

Steffens, H.P. Schweiosen und Schneiden,

^5 0973), 166.

MICROCINEMATOGRAPHY FOR INVESTIGATION OF DEFORMATION BEHAVIOUR OF HIGH

TEMPERATURE BRAZED JOINTS.

Tensile tests were performed and results reported of brazed Ni base alloy

at high temperature.

Ambrus, J. Vakuum-Technik, 2k_ (1975), 97.

ROLE OF COMPONENTS OF SILVER BRAZING ALLOYS IN INTERCRYSTALLINE BRAZING

CORROSION OF FENICO ALLOYS.

Khorunoyj_V..F. Avton. Svar a, 11 (1974), 53.

MANUFACTURE OF BRAZED-LAYER STRUCTURES.

A review of foreign literature published in 1958-1959 on brazing aircraft

construction panel is given.

Schwartz, M.M. Weld. Res. Council Bull.,

(1973), N 182.


A review is given with 36 refs. of developments in brazed honeycomb struc

tures from 1962-1972.

Hartmann, K.H. D.V.S. Bericht, (1975), N 38, 72.

- 98 -

EFFECT OF HEAT TREATMENT ON SOLDERING JOINT PROPERTIES IN LARGE GAP

SEPARATIONS.

Procedures are determined to avoid brittleness in soldered joints of

Ni alloy NiCr20TiAl.

28.1. NICKEL ALLOYS-CERAMICS

Reetzx_T. Schweisstechnik, £4 (1974), 74.

SODIUM RESISTANT BRAZING FILLER METALS FOR METAL-TO-CERAMICS JOINTS.

Suitable filler metals are evaluated to brazing Na-resistant joints

between TiO ceramic and suitable Fe-Ni alloys.

28.2. NICKEL ALLOYS-COBALT ALLOYS

? gIg{S3ïgA.ff.iff. Svar Proizvod, J2. (1976), 39.

BRAZING ALLOYS WITH LOW VAPOUR TENSION NOT CONTAINING PRECIOUS METALS.

Brazing alloy for brazing e.g. Ni and alloys having a vapour tension

at 700 C and 1 x 10 torr and the same wettability as Au alloys is

described.

Kenyon^N. Weld. J. _5_2 (1974), 142s.

BRAZING OF A DISPERSION STRENGTHENED NICKELBASE ALLOY MADE BY fTCHANICAL

ALLOWING.

Brazed joints with useful strengths have been made in IN-853 sheet with

two commercial Ni-bax alloys.

The brazing procedure is described.

28.3 NICKEL ALLOYS-TITANIUM

EllSj^CJ^ Proc. 2nd Int. Conf. on Titanium

Sci. and Technology, (1972). Publ.,

(1973), Plenum Press. N.Y 4, 2527.

JOINING NICKEL-TITANIUM.

An evaluation is presented on brazing methods and brazing alloys used

to join nickel and titanium.

Ells^CJk Mater. Fes. AFJL, (1973), 9.

DIFFUSION, PHASE FORMATION AND BONDING IN NICKEL-TITANIUM ALLOYS.


- 99 -

29 NIMONIC SO A

Steffens^JiJO., Z. Werkstech, £ (1977), R2.

FA.IGUE BEHAVIOUR OF HIGH TEMPERAIURE BRAZED JOINTS TESTED AT ELEVATED

TEMPERATURES.

Fatigue testing of high temperature brazed joints produced in the base

metal NiCr 20 TiAl joint with BNi-5 and BAU-4 filler metal is reported.

Betteridget _W._ The Nimonic Alloys and other

nickel-base high temperature

alloys, (1974), Edward Arnold,

412.

JOINING.

High temperature brazing processor and brazing alloys for Nimonic alloys

are described.

Steef ens t.Jlï.D._ Weld. J., 53 (1974), 476s. .

PROPERTIES OF HIGH TEMPERATURE BRAZED NiCr 20TiAl Pd Ni40 JOINTS.

The dependence of joint properties on the structure and chemical compo

sition of the brazing zone is demonstrated on nimonic 80 Cu alloy joints

brazed with Pd brazing filler metal.

- 100 -

30. NIOBIUM ALLOYS

Anikeev, E.F. Svar.Proizvod, Z (197E), 12.

WETTING OF HIGH-MELTING METALS WITH COPPER BASE ALLOYS.

The effect of Pin 90 Cu-10 Ag alloy on wetting Molybdenum, Niobium and

Tantalum was investigated.

Grishin, V.L. Svar Proizvod, £ (1976), 48.

A NEW BRAZING ALLOY V PR 20 FOR BRAZING HIGH MELTING MATERIALS.

A brazing alloy, contg, V28, T, 16, Ta 10, (Nb+Cr+Mo) 1Z and Zr was

developed for brazing, Mo, Nb, W and their alloys.

Grishin. V.L. Svar Proizvod, 9_ (1975), 35.

EFFECT OF THERMAL CYCLE WHEN BRAZING ON THE PROPERTIES OF NIOBIUM AND

ITS ALLOYS.

An investigation was made into the effect of the thermal cycle when

brazing on the mechanical properties of niobium and its alloys.

Grishin, V.L. Svar Proizvod, \0 (19/4), 36.

THE USE OF STATISTICAL PLANNING 0E EXPERIMENTS FOR STUDYING THE EFFECT

OF BRAZING ALLOY COMPOSITION CN THE PROPERTIES OF BRAZED JOINTS IN Nb-BASE

ALLOYS.

The effect of individual elements in Zr-base brazing alloy contg. Cr, Ga

Ti, and V on the properties of brazed joints in Nb base alloy was studied.

Lotsmanoyj S.N» Svar Proizvod, 9 (1973), 27.

EFFECT OF Al ON THE STRUCTURE OF JOINTS BRAZED WITH PZhk-1000 BRAZING ALLOY.

The causes of the formation of an exeess of a phase in brazed joints of

Khl5Ng Yu steel contg. Al and made with PZhK-1000 brazing alloy were

investigated.

2li5t!iS.»_y.i£i S v a r Proizvod, £.(1973), 8.

PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROCESSES IN BRAZING Nb-BASE ALLOYS WITH TITANIUM SOLDERS.

__H____2___iJ_ Inst. Metallurgists Rev. Course

Competitive processes in joining,

London, 0972).

- tot -

BRAZING AND SOLDERING.

A discussion is presented on the processes of brazing and soldering.

Grishin, V.L. Svar Proizvod, | (1973), 35.

BRAZING OF Nb-BASE ALLOYS.

The evaporation rate and the resistance to oxidation of the brazing

alloys and the interaction between brazing alloys and base metal were

studied.

Grishin. V.L. Svar Proizvod, 2 (1972), 14.

X-RAY SPECTRAL ANALYSES OF SOLDERED NIOBIUM JOINTS.

X-ray spectral analyses were conducted to deduce the diffusion coefficient

for the metals of the solder into Nb.

KeEbA_LiJ;. Sampe Q, 3 (1972), 1.

DIFFUSION BONDING COLUMBIUM PANELS FOR THE SHUTTLE HEAT SHIELD.

Several different processes have been considered for joining Columbium

including welding, brazing and diffusion bonding.

30.1. NIOBIUM ALLOYS-CERAMICS

KostinaÛ/u Svar Proizvod, JjO (1976), 43.

BRAZING '.* A NIOBIUM ALLOY TO CORUNDUM CERAMICS.

An investigation was carried out to braze corundum ceramics to Nb alloy

using a Cu-Ti brazing alloy. Results are reported.

*2gartA_U Rev. Sci. Instr., 45.(1974), 713.

A SAPPHIRE TO NIOBIUM VACUUM SEAL FOR THE TEMPERATURE RANGE 2 - 2000°K.

A brazing process has Leen developed for producing vacuum-tight seals

between sapphire and Nb.

30.2. NIOBIUM ALLOYS -STAINLESS STEEL

French Patent 2, 129, 255 (1972)

PROCESS FOR JOINING A NIOBIUM TUBE TO A STAINLESS STEEL TUBE.

The process of brazing niobium tube to stainless steel tube at 1020 - 1030°C

is described.

- 102 -

30.3 NIOBIUM ALLOYS-TITANIUM

Chernits^nÂÎ^ Svar Proizvod, T_ (1.975), 26.

DIFFUSION OF NIOBIUM AND TANTALUM TO TITANIUM.

Diffusion brazing Nb alloys was investigated; tensile properties are

reported.

- 103 -

31. PLATINUM

Otti_Di Platinum Met. Rev.

20 (1976), 79.

AFFINITY OF THE PLATINUM METALS FOR REFRACTORY OXIDES.

This reports the thermodynamic behaviour of platinum metal alloys,

with application to brazing and brazing alloys.

WeserÂ^ Electroplating, 2£ (1976), 6.

DUCTILE PLATINUM (PLATING).

The platinum plating process is described and brazing is outlined.

- 104 -

32. René 41

§i*E!ïS2522i_!fiêi Prod- Finish, J7: ( 1972), 74.

ELECTROPIATING FOR SUCCESFUL HIGH-TEMPERATURE BRAZING OF REFRACTORY METALS.

A satisfactory joint is obtained between René 41 sheets and ribs by plating

the parts with Ni and brazing them in a H bell furnace.

Arnguest^ I^L. Structures, Structural Dynamics

a:.ó Materials Conf., (1978),

132.

DEVELOPMENT OF BRAZED RENE 41 HONEYCOMB STRUCTURES.

The development of brazing materials and brazing processes are described.

- 1C5 -

33. Rene 80

Ho author Weld. J., 55 (1976). 280.

NICKEL ALLOY FOILS INFLATES GOLD PRICES.

The brazing of René 80 turbine blades with a nickel-base alloy contg.

B and Si, Nicrobraz 135 is described.

- 106 -

34. SAPPHIRE

Heber_I._ j. Phys. E.,£ (1973), 1238.

UHV-TIGHT OPTICAL WINDOWS FOR METAL CRYSTALS.

Hard soldering of optical windows for crystals is described.

- 107 -

35. STAINLESS STEELS

Lotsnanpya_S_.N._ Sprav. Paike, (1975), 251.



and heat resistant steels and alloys, tool steels, powder metallurgy,

hard alloys, cast iron, Cu, Ni, Ti, Mo, N, Zr, Ta, Be, Al and their

alloys and Mg alloyJ. Fluxes, solder and surface preparations and methods


Rymar^VI^ Khem. Neft. Mashinosh., _5 (1978), 27.

HIGH TEMPERATURE BRAZING OF 07 kh 16N6 STEEL ROTOR FOR CENTRIFUGAL COM

PRESSORS.

Vacuum brazing techniques were developed for high strenth 07 khl6N6 steel.

Brazing alloy and brazing procedure is described.

Caille^P^ Welding of equipment for the Food

and Drink Industry, (1978), 90.

Proceedings of Welding Annual Assembly

Dublin.

CORROSION OF SILVER BRAZED STAINLESS STEEL JOINTS.

Effect of additions of Cu, Zn, Sn to corrosion resistance is described.

ChangÊ-T^ AD-A 022434 (1976).

COMPATIBILITY OF ALLOYS WITH HYDRAZINE CONTAINING FRE0N.

It was concluded that Au-Ni brazed 304 L stainless steel was the most

compatiHe.

Negzz^n^Jan Przegl. Spawalnictwa

(Poland), 27 (1975), 121.

SILVER BRAZING ALLOYS.

Development of a brazing alloy and flux for brazing stainless steel is

described.

The brazing book, Handy and Hartman,

New York, (1977).

BRAZING THE WAY TO CORROSION RESISTANT JOINTS IN STAINLESS STEEL ASSEMBLIES.

- 108 -

ChernoyJ_Vi_Yui Khem. Neft

Mashinosh. \2_ (1977), 19.

CHARACTERISTICS OF HIGH TEMPERATURE BRAZING OF HONEYCOMB PACKING.

Brazing stainless steel and properties of the joint are described.

Radzievskii, V.N. Svar Proizvod, 2_ (1978), 14.

HIGH TEMPERATURE VACUUM BRAZING OF KHJ6N6 STAINLESS STEEL.

The effect of heating during brazing on the mech. properties (the for

mation of carbide layers at grain boundaries) and ways to restore the

mech. properties are described.

Murav'er. R.S. Svar Proizvod 2 0978), 24.

THE EFFECT OF THE COMPOSITION OF COPPER BRAZING ALLOYS ON THE EMBRITTLEMENT

OF STAINLESS STEEL DURING BRAZING.

The effect of Ag, Mn, Ni, Si and Zn in Cu brazing alloys on the embrittle-

ment of stainless steel was determined by measuring the reduction of strength

and ductility of the steel specimen.

5ü5*i_Ki Weld. News (Czech), 27 (1977), 37.

THE STRUCTURAL STUDY OF BRAZED JOINTS IN ALLOYED STEELS USING Ni-AND Cm-

BASED BRAZE ALLOYS.

5ïUËSSliSlêïi_5i5i Composites b_ (1975), 121.

ASSESMENT OF EXPERIMENTS ON THE PREPARATION OF COMPOSITES IN SPACE.

Among other experiments the brazing of stainless steel in space is described.

Ekatova_t_A.>Si Sprav. Paike, (1975), 102.


A review is given with 14 refs, on fluxes and gaseous media for high- and

low temp, soldering of ferrous and non ferrous metals including stainless

steel.

Forbes. M. Miller Weld. Des. Fabr. 50 (1977), 87.

HOW TO CHOOSE NICKEL-BASE FILLER METALS FOR VACUUM BRAZING.

Important parameters to consider when selecting a filler metal for brazing

heat- and corrosion resistant alloys in vacuum are mentioned.

- 109 -

No_author Mod. Met., _33 (1977), 73.

THE COPPER CONNECTION EASES METAL BRAZING USES.

The benefits resulting from the use of Cu-clad steel materials available

in stainless and low-alloy steels, are compared to conventional use of

Cu brazing shim.

5ihif2I2YA_Ci2i Weld. Prod., 2± (1974), 31.

USE OF RADIANT HEATTNG FOR WELDING BRAZING AND HEAT TREATMENT.

The possibility of using an He discharge tube elliptical reflector system

giving focused radiant energy for brazing stainless steels KH18N10T and

2KH13 is described.

E3ÏS£SïiSLi_Ii Weld. J., 56 (1977), 15.

BRAZING STAINLESS STEEL IN A STABLE REDUCING ATMOSPHERE OF FLUORIDL.

Brazing stainless steel components in a fluoride atmosphere is used to

produce high-temp, tribular and cross-flow heat exchangers succesfully.

BarzukoyÂjV^ Svar Proizvod, 6_ (1977), 7.

CALCULATION OF THE TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION IN STEEL-PLATE-HEAT EXCHANGERS

WITH HIGH TEMP. FURNACE BRAZING.

A method is developed to calculate the temperature distribution in plate

heat exchangers of stainless steel 12KH18N10T during furnace brazing.

KnotekÔ^ Annual assembly, Institute of Felding,

London (1977), paper 19 (preprint).

STRUCTURE AND TEMPERATURE DEPENDENT PROPERTIES OF Ni-Co-Cr-B-Si CONTAINING

HIGH TEMP. BRAZING ALLOYS.

An investigation was made to improve high-temperature strength of brazed

joints by replacing Ni with Co in joining superalloys and high-alloyed

custennitic steels.

Van der Sluis, H.H^ Annual assembly, Institute of Welding,

London (1977), paper 15 (preprint).

WETTING AND AGGRESSION EFFECTS OF HIGH TEMPERATURE BRAZING FILLER METALS

ON DIFFERENT BASE METALS.

Brazing tests were made on the wetting and aggression behaviour of three

Au-base, two Ag-base, four Ni-base and three Cu-base metals on stainless

- no -

steels AISI-309 and AISI-321, C steel C 45, Cu OFHC and 99,9 and Fe-Ni-Co

alloy.

Ruzaa_V^ Annual assembly, Institute of

Welding, London (1977),

Paper 16 (preprint).

SHEAR CREEP STRENGTH OF HIGH TEMPERATURE BRAZING ALLOY Ni Cr Fe Si B.

The Ni-based brazing alloys on Austenic Cr Ni and ferrilic Cr steels

proved to be suitable for elevated temperature service > 300 C.

0Jcanea_l^ Annual assembly, Institute of

Welding, London (1977),

Paper 12 (preprint).

CREEP RUPTURE PROPERTIES OF STAINLESS STEEL JOINTS BRAZED WITH FILLER

ALLOY CONTAINING PALLADIUM.

The creep rupture properties of britt brazed joints in 316 stainless

steel with 21 Pd-48-Ni-31 mm filler alloy were evaluated. The strength

of brazed joints with modified filler alloys was higher and more stable

than that with conventional filler alloys.

LugschneiderÊi Weld. J., 56_ (1977) , I89s.

CALCULATIONS OF STRENGTH OF SINGLE-LAP SHEAR SPECIMEN.

Brazing base metal XIO Cr Ni Mo Ti 1810 with brazing alloy B-Ni-2.

An attempt was made to determine stress distribution vs. lap ratio to a

brazed joint using ANS standard single lap shear samples.

OkamotoÎ^ Trans J.N.R.I., 5 (1976), 251.

FLOW OF BRAZING FILLER METAL AND FLUX.

The flow characteristics of B Ag 5 braze on SUS 304 stainless steel

(J.I.S. specification) were determined as a function of the flux used.

EsilÉS5^2a.Bi§i Metal Progress, \U_ (1977), 60.

SOLVING FABRICATION PROBLEMS WITH PRECISION FURNACE BRAZING.

Brazing jet engine components e.g. a forged stainless steel 304 valve body

is described.

- Ill -

No author Weld. Des. Fabr., 50 I1977), 55.

WHEN DOES AUTOMATED BRAZING PA/.

Automated sequences used in the brazing of brass and stainless steel

joints in the manufacture of cutting torches are described.

3osserx_JiD. Gold Bullitin, 9 (1976), 119.

GOLD BRAZING OF THE CONCORDE AIRFRAME HYDRAULIC SYSTEM.

Stainless steel tube assemblies ore brazed with Li contg. 70:30 Ag-Cu

alloy and with 82:18 Au-Ni alloys.

Shnyakin, N.S. Svar. Proizvod, I (1976), 32.

STRENGTH OF JOINTS IN BRAZING WITH TWO-PHASE BRAZING ALLOYS.

The effect of the magnitude of a brazing cap in brazing stainless steel

with Ni-Zn-Cu brazing alloy on the structure and strength of brazed joints

was investigated and a method for calculating the optimum brazing cap

worked out.

Lugschneider, E. Weld. J., 5_5 (1976), 285s.

DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF A Ni-Cr-P-BRAZING FILLER METAL.

The brazing haracteristics, mechanical and corrosion properties of the

brazing filler metal when used with stainless steel is described.

No author Weld. J., 55 (1976), 860.

FURNACE BRAZING WITH NICKEL BASE FILLER METAL IMPROVES BEVERAGE CAN FILLING

NOZZLES.

jteganinixJU Metall. Ital., 68 (1976), 181.

NICKEL-GERMANIUM BRAZING ALLOYS FOR AISI316LSTEEL.

Brazing with 3 brazing alloys is described and results reported.

Baraskovx_NiAi Svar. Proizvod, 21 ('975), 38.

SUSCEPTIBILITY OF STAINLESS STEELS TO (HOT) CRACKING WHEN BRAZING WITH

COPPER.

Five types of stainless steels were tested for creep strength at 1100-

1150 C to estimate the susceptibility to cracking when brazing with

copper.

- 112 -

Steffens1_H.D. Werkst. Korros, 26 (1975), 836.

THE EFFECT OF CORROSIVE MEDIA ON THE LIFE OF BRAZED JOINTS - Pt 1.

Corrosion tests in tap-water or 5% R?SO.on joints in x5 Cr Ni 189 steels

made with Ag-base brazing alloys are described.

üv^jggj-^SSi.11' AED-Conf-74-538-042, (1974).

CRACKING SUSCEPTIBILITY OF HIGH TEMPERATURE BRAZED JOINTS.

Results of fracture mechanics investigations on Ni Cr Zn Ti A1 brazed at

high temp, are reported.

Riefenbug, D.H. RFP-2233 (1975).

CHARACTERIZATION OF BRAZING ALLOYS WITH STAINLESS STEEL.

To simulate brazed joints qual. x-ray mapping of the elemental interactions

between brazing alloys and 2 types of stainless steel were performed.

Grzhemal'skii R.R. Svar. Proizvod, 8 (1976), 24.

DEVELOPMENT OF A Ni-Mn SYSTEM BRAZE.

A braze for joining stainless steel and C-steels was developed.

Steffens, H.D. Werkst. Korros., 2£ (1975), 919.

THE EFFECT OF CORROSIVE MEDIA ON THE LIFE OF HIGH TEMPERATURE BRAZED JOINTS

-P 2.

Cf. preceding abstract.

Lashkor S.V. Svar Proizvod, W (1975), 34.

DETERMINING THE REACTIVE BRAZING PARAMETERS OF CONTACTING TUBULAR COMPONENTS

OF COPPER AND STAINLESS STEEL 1KH18N9T.

Formulae are derived for determining the hold time and temp, for the reactive

brazing of Copper and stainless steel.

Shib£loyJL_M.Vi Svar Proizvod, 8_ (1975), 35.

EFFECTIVENESS OF THE METHOD OF SOLIDIFICATION UNDER PRESSURE IN THE BRAZING

PROCESS.

The effect of gas pressure on the porosity and mechanical properties of

Cr-Ni steel was investigated.

£X2SEx_Y.iIi S v a r Proizvod, 5 (1975), 35.

THE WETTING OF STEELS BY BRAZING ALLOYS DURING VACUUM BRAZING.

- 113 -

Amato. I. Held. J., 54 (1975), 33fis.

BRAZING OF STAINLESS STEEL HEAT EXCHANGERS ?OR GAS TURBINE APPLICATIONS.

Two types of heat exchangers were succesfully brazed using different

techniques.

Shillinger, D.E. Held. J., 54 (1975), 321s.

RELATIONSHIPS AMONG BRAZING DEFECTS AND BRAZING CONDITIONS.

The causes of defects in joints brazed with Ag-base filler metals were

investigated.

Lindsay. L.B. Weld. J., 54 (1975), 737.

CONTINUOUS HYDROGEN FURNACE BRAZING OF AIRCRAFT HEAT EXCHANGERS.

The procedures used for the brazing of aircraft heat exchangers in 347

steel are reported.

Fairbanks. R. Weld, J., 54 (1975), 730.

REDESIGNING A FLOWMETER ROTOR FOR FURNACE BRAZING.

The brazing procedure is described for brazing a flowmeter rotor made

of 316 stainless steel.

Jarman, R.A. Br. Corrosion. J, K) (1975), 150.

INTERFACIAL CORROSION OF BRAZED STAINLESS STEEL JOINTS IN DOMESTIC TAP

WATER. II - METALLOGRAPHIC ASPECTS.

Colbus, J. Schweissen u. Schneiden, 26_ (1974).

209.

GOLD NICKEL BRAZED JOINTS WITH HIGH TEMPERATURE RESISTANT ALLOYS - A REVIEW.

The scope and thermal endurance of brazed jounts made with 82:18 Cu-Ni

alloys are discussed.

Connelly L.D. Stainless steel Ind., 2 ('975), 20.

JOINING STAINLESS STEEL BY SOLDERING, BRAZING AND RESISTANCE WELDING.

Conventional soldering, low temperature Ag brazing and noble metal brazing

for joining stainless steel are described.

fennet.JfeS* AWS 55 annual meeting Houston, (1974),

- 114 -

VACUUM BRAZING STUDIES ON HIGH MANGANESE-STAINLESS STEELS.

See also Helding J., 53_ (1974), 510s.

Clautice, W.E. Weld. J., 53 (1974), 612.

INDUCTION BRAZING AT THE KENNEDY SPACE CENTER.

Processes and procedures in brazing at Kennedy Space center are outlined.

Ruza, V. Metal construction, £ (19.4), 133..

OXIDATION RESISTANCE OF BRAZED JOINTS IN STAINLESS STEEL.

The oxidation resistance of 18/8 Cr-Nl steels at 800 and 850 C and of

brazed ioints in similar steels at 800 C was measured.

Stock. D.C. Stainless Steel Ind., JZ 0974), 11.

THE SILVER BRAZING OF STAINLESS STEEL.

Fluxes and silver brazing alloys used in the brazing of stainless steels

are tabulated.

Sasabe|mK. Tr. Nat. Res. Inst. Metals (Japan),

r5 (1973), 249.

HI"H TEMPERATURE PROPERTIES OF STAINLESS STEEL JOINTS BRAZED WICH PALLADIUM

CONTAINING FILLER ALLOY.

The creep rupture properties of stainless steel joints are reported.

Rymar. V.I. Svar. Proizvod, 2 (1973), 40.

THE EFFECT OF BRAZING PARAMETERS ON THE PROPERTIES OF BRAZED JOINTS IN

Khl5N9Yu STEEL.

Kawakatsu. I. Weld. J., 52, (1973), 235s..

CORROSION OF BAg BRAZED JOINTS IN STAINLESS STEEL.

Jarman, R.A. Brit. Corrosion J., 8_ (1973), 33.

INT2RFACIAL CORROSION OF BRAZED STAINLESS STEEL JOINTS IN DOMESTIC TAI

WATER.

- 115 -

Galmichei_MiPi Soud. Techn. Connexes, 26_ (1972),

385.

BRAZING OF STAINLESS STEELS AND CHROMIUM STEELS IN AN EQUILIBRATED FLUORI

DATED REDUCING ATMOSPHERE.

The principles and practice of brazing in fluoridated atmospheres are

given and examples outlined.

Siewert±_T.A1 Weld. J., 57 (1978), 31.

BRAZE ALLOY SPREADING ON STEEL.

Brazing filler metal spreading mechanism were studied for the system

BAg-8A on type 304C stainless steel.

EngiiJUD. Weld. J., 56 (1979), 15.

NICKEL BASE BRAZING FILLER IIETALS FOR AIRCRAFT CAS TURBINE APPLICATION.

Studies undertaken to test the use of nickel base brazing alloys as sub-

situte for gold-base B-Au 4 during brazing of stainless steel parts.

Suezawa^Y^ Tr. Jpn. Weld. Soc, ]_ (1976), 25.

EFFECTS OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS ON THE FATIGUE STRENGTH OF BRAZED JOINTS.

In this study to clarify the effect of surface roughness of base metal on

fatigue strength of brazed joints.

Colbusî Metall, 30 (1976), 927.

MICROSTRUCTURE OF THREE NICKEL BASE BRAZING ALLOYS AND OF THE JOINTS PRO

DUCED IN THREE HIGH TEMPERATURE KESISTING MATERIALS.

The structures formed in the brazing alloys and parent metal during brazing

and solidification were investigated.

Brieko^ M.W. Ber. Dtsch. Verb, filr Schweiss-

technik, 38 (1975), 88.

BRAZED CONNECTIONS FOR SERVICE IN LIQUID SODIUM.

The brazing of an rod bundle for use in high temperature sodium is described.

- 116 -

Sziderfei, E. Werkst. Korrosion, 27 (1976), 432.

DANGER OF CORROSION OF BRAZED ALLOY STEEL FILLINGS, IN PARTICULAR BY THE

SO-CALLED KNIFE-LINEATTACK.

One year corrosion tests are reported of stainless steel brazed with Ag Cd

or Ag Cu in Ni by tap water.

S£E^2l£kt_5i Werkst. Korros, 26 (1975), 93.

CORROSION BEHAVIOUR OF ALLOY STEEL PIPES AND PIPE FITTINGS IN WARM WATER

DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS IN SWELLINESS.

Results are reported of a long study on corrosion of mainly stainless steel

pipes and pipe fittings including the effect of brazing and brazes.

Bennet|,_W.S. Weld. J., 53_(197<4), 510s.

VACUUM BRAZING STUDIES ON HIGH MANGANESE STAINLESS STEEL.

Weldability tests were run with 19 brazing filler metals.

Pattee1_H.E. Weld. Res. Councl. Bull., (1973),

N187, 47p.

HIGH TEMPATURE BRAZ'"G.

A complete review on joining stainless steel, super alloys, reactive metals and

refractory metals is presented.

Robertsx_P.Mi Weld. Met. Fabr., 42 (1974), 14.

SOME COPPER BASE BRAZING ALLOYS AND THEIR USES.

Detailed description of two important copper base alloys for brazing stain

less steel is given.

Colbus^ Metall, 26. (1972), 1133.

TENSILE NOTCH IMPACT AND IMPACT BINDING TEST ON BRAZING ALLOYS AND BRAZED

JOINTS AT ROOM TEMPERATURE AND - 196°C.

Eight brazing alloys are used to braze copper stainless steel and two carbon

steels. Results are reported.

- 117 -

èSSî-L. Weld. Res. Int., 7 (1977), 434.

SOME DEVELOPMENTS IN STAINLESS STEEL HEAT EXCHANGERS BRAZING TECHNOLOGY.

A variety of brazing fillers and methods were investigated to determine an

optimum combination to produce good leakage and wear resistance properties

in gas turbine heat exchangers.

Nikitin^V.^!. Weld. Prod., 2^ (1974), 16.

CHARACTERISTICS OF SPREAD OF COPPER BRAZING ALLOYS OVER SURFACE OF STAINLESS-

SfEEL.

Henderson^ L. Status Rev. Alloy 800, Proc. Br.

Nucl. Energy Soc. Conf., (1974), 285.

WELDING AND FABRICATION OF ALLOY 800 WITH EMPHASIS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF

TECHNIQUES SUITED TO STEAM GENERATOR PLANT.

Welding and vacuum brazing of ausienitic stainless steel alloy 800 t.ere

investigated.

Yê2_ÉÊE_§LHifi.SrSi Lastechniek, 39 (1973), 46 + 104.

RESULTS OF AN INVESTIGATION IN THE FIELD OF HIGH TEMPERATURE SOLDERING

OF AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEELS.

The solderability and mechanical strength of soldered joints of A1S1 304

using 6 Nicrobraz, 6 Eonclewrance and Au N1 82-18 solders were determined.

55iêîEi._5ièi Metalloterm Protsessy Khim. Met.

Mater. Konf, (1971).

USE OF METALLOTHERMIC REACTIONS FOR HIGH TEMPERATURE BRAZING.

Exothermic brazing of stainless steel was studied.

Khorunovi_ViFi Autorn. Svarka., JJ_ (1974), 53.

MANUFACTURE OF BRAZED LAYER STRUCTURES.

A review of foreign published literature in 1958-1969 is given on brazing

of aircraft construction panels.

- 118 -

Kosnac^L. Zvaranie, 22 (1973), 164.

NON-CORROSIVE FLUX VUZ-NA92.

The properties of a flux for Ag brazing stainless steel and heat resistant

alloys are reported.

GomoZj^L^V. FIZ - khim Netody Issled,

(1973), 73.

CORROSION RESISTANCE OF STEEL kh25N1667AR BRAZED WITH POWDER NICKEL BRAZING

ALLOYS. o

The corrosion resistance of this austinitic steel was studied at -5 C, 0 to

50 C and 100Z relat ive humidity.

Radzieyskiit V.N. Khii . Neft. Mashinoshy, ]2.

(1973), 24.

EFFECT OF THE SOLDERING PARAMETERS ON CORROSION RESISTANCE AND MECHANICAL

PROPERTIES OF Cr-Nl-Al khl5NgYu AND Cr-Nl-Tl khl8N101 STEEL JOINTS.

Joints made with a Pd-Nl-Cr alloy were not affected in boiling media while

joints made with an based alloy were destroyed after several hours.

Brazing parameters and joint properties are reported.

Si!iÜ£E2YSA_2iïi Tr* Mosk. Energ. Inst., 130

(1972), 53.

BRAZING ABILITY OF STAINLESS STEELS, HEAT RESISTANT STEELS AND ALLOYS.

A classification based on wettability of the oxides is presented. Wetting

of stainless steels, heat resistant steals bij several brazing alloys is

presented. Effects of alloying elements on wetting is discussed.

5Ü^2ïii_2iti F1Z.-Khim. Metody Issled.,

(1973), 55, (in Rumanian).

INTERGRANULAR CORROSION OF STEEL kh25N16C7AR BRAZED WICH NICKEL POWDER

BRAZING ALLOYS.

Intergranular corrosion of i mm thick sheet was investigated-

- 119 -

Chikunov, M.I. Metalloved. Term. Obrab. Metal, J_0

(I973>, 43.

MICROSTRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF BRAZED JOINTS FROM Cr-N -Mn-B

STEEL kh 25 N16C7AR.

Brazed joints were made at 1180 - 1190 in Ar ata. Electron probe analyses

were carried out to determine the structure at different brazing temp.

Radzievskii, V.N. Svar. Proizvod., 2 (1973), 40.

EFFECT OF THE BRAZING PARAMETERS ON PROPERTIES OF A BRAZED KhI5H9Yu STEEL

JOINTS.

Tensile and impact strength are determined as are the best parameters for

brazing.

Radzievskii, V.N. Svar. Proizvod.» £ (1974), 41.

HIGH TEMPERATURE BRAZING OF STEEL khl8N10T.

Properties of brazed joints made at high temperature are studied.

Radzievskii, V.N. Svar, Proizvod, £ (2973), 27.

EFFECT OF ALUMINIUM ON THE STRUCTURE OF JOINTS BRAZED WITH PZhk - 1000 SOLDER.

The effect of Al and brazing conditions on the mechanical properties in

vacuum were investigated.

Lison, R. DVS ber. 3£ (1974), 107.

METALLURGICAL PROCESS IN BRAZED J0IFTS WITH EXAMPLES OF HIGH TEMPERATURE

BRAZED JOINTS.

The interaction between molten filler metal and parent metal when brazing

nonlerrous and ferrous metals is discussed and particularly the diffusion

process.

Sokolovaj A.V. Khim. Neft. Mashinosh,, 11

(1974), 31.

INTERACTION OF SOME SOLDERS WITH AUSTENITICALLY STABLE STEEL USED IN

CRYOGENICS.

Metallographic examination of the contact zone of brazed joints is

presented. Results of the study given.

120 -

Stanek1_A. Przegl. Spawalnictwa TT_ (1975)

175.

USE OF Ni-Cr POWDER SOLDERS FOR PRODUCTION OF VACUUM TIGHT AND HEAT

RESISTANT JOINTS.

The production of joints using powder solders is discussed and the most

important types of Ni-based hard solder reported.

Reetz, T. Kernenergy, VT_ (1974), 57.

SODIUM RESISTANT BRAZING MATERIAL.

Description is given of a brazing paste based on Ni and Ga and the

brazing process is reported.

35.1 Stainless steel - Cast iron

Turvgin, V.N. Svar. Proizvod, 6 (1976), 12.

EFFECT OF THE DIFFUSION LAYER ON THE STRENGTH OF A SOLDERED CAST-IRCH-

STEEL Zkhl3 JOINT.

The phase composition of the diffusion layer was studied.

35.2 Stainless steels '- Cu alloys

Pearmain^Ki Vacuum, 23_ (1973), 432.

LABORATORY TECHNIQUE FOR ELECTRON BEAM BRAZING.

Communication to the editor reports a simple technique for joining

dissimilar materials such as stainless steel and copper.

GervaiSjJk. Vide, £7 (1972), 96.

USE OF VACUUM BRAZING IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF RESEARCH EQUIPMENT.

Difficulties encountered in erosion of base metals by brazing filler

metals and the non-wetting of stainless steels when brazing it to

copper are discussed.

- 121 -

36. STEELS

_______?__• Svar. Proizvod, 2 (1978), 12.

HIGH TEMPERATURE AUTOMATIC VACUUM BRAZING WITH THE AID OF SORBENT

MATERIALS.

To obtain vacuum conditions the following powders are use as sorbents:

Mg, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Zr, Nb, Mo and (Mn + Cr) powders.

JohnsonA_R. Weld. J., 57 (1978), 933.

MICROSTRUCTURAL ASPECTS OF BRAZING A FERRITIC STEEL WITH TWO Ni-S-B

BRAZE FILLER METALS.

The microstructure of brazed Cr steels are examined.

Kawakatsu, I. Weld. J., 56 (1977), 56s.

FURNACE BRAZING OF STEEL WITH BRASS FILLER METAL.

Results with filler metals containing small amounts of Ti or Zn to

reduce dezincification are reported.

KrellÂdolf ZIS Mit., Y9_ (1977), 392.

BRAZING AND SOLDERING DEFECTS AND THEIR EFFECTS.

As an illustration of current non-destructive testing techniques to

locate defects in brazed and soldered joints, investigations were

conducted using St 38 as parent metal and L-Ag 40 Cd 20 braze as

brazing alloy.

Ki25S2Y.t_y.iL. Autom. Svarka, 2 (1977), 57.

BRAZING (STEEL) FINNED-TYPE REGENERATIVE HEAT EXCHANGERS.

Brazing operations conducted are reported.

R__2__Y_ Schweissen und Scheiden, £§ (1976),

121.

EFFECT OF THE BRAZING CONDITIONS ON THE ALTERNATION BENDING STRENGTH

OF BRAZED JOINTS IN HIGH-STRENGTH STEELS.

Wöhler diagrams made under vacuum in three high-strength steels brazed

with Au-Ni and Ni-base brazing alloys are described.

http://Ki25S2Y.t_y.iL

- 122 -

Polyakova, V.M. Svar. Proizvod, 4 (1976), 27.

BRAZING OF THIN-WALL GALVANIZED-STEEL PIPELINES.

Details are given of brazing galvanized-steel pipelines using a special

developed brazing alloy and an acid-free flux.

5H5êi_Yi Strojizentvi, 5 (1975), 667.

STRENGTH OF PARTS MADE OF STEEL WITH YIELD POINT 600-1100 MPA AFTER

VACUUM BRAZING.

The use of brazing in an inert atmosphere or in a vacuum to join compli

cated light steel parts is discussed.

tiDÊ2_Ji W e l d« Des« Fabr., 4ji (1975), 38.

PRODUCTION BRAZING OF WATER TANK FITTINGS.

Fittings are brazed to inverted steel tanks with Ag alloy.

Kubel^W^ ZIS Mitt., j^ (1973), 363.

EFFECTS OF INTERFACIAL REACTIONS ON THE BRAZING AND SOLDERING.

Three examples of interfacial reactions are analysed and their effects

on the brazing and soldering of steel are examined.

Muller^W^ Schweisstechnik (Berlin), 2_3 (1973),

158.

FATIGUE STRENGTH OF SILVER SOLDER JOINTS IN STEEL.

The fatigue strength of joints made in SI 50 C steel was determined.

Kaiser^L^ Schweissen und Schneiden, Z4 (1972),

161.

INDUCTION BRAZING OF HIGH PRESSURE PIPING USED IN AIR- AND SPACECRAFT

CONSTRUCTION.

The specialized induction brazing technique suitable for brazing high

pressure pipe work for air- and spacecraft industry is outlined and

examples given.

- 123 -

Dohert^P;.^. Weld. J., 56 (1977), 37.


A new approach in diffusion brazing is described, which consists of

the controlled addition of boron Co metal surfaces.

EDDingerÎU Werkstoff Ber., J07 (1974), 621.

SIMULTANEOUS BRAZING AND HARDENING.

It is demonstrated that steel work pieces can be simultaneous

brazed and hardened using H-F induction furnaces.

Polyakova, V.M. Weld. Prod., 2}_ (1974), 72.

BRAZING OF GALVANIZED STEEL.

- 124 -

37. STEELS (HARD ALLOYS)

Lotsmanov, S.N. Sprav. Paik, (1975), 251.


A review is given with 21 refs. on solcering low C, low alloy, stainless


hard alloys, cast iron, Cu, Ni, Ti, Mo, W, Zr, Ta, Be, Al and their

alloys and Mg alloys. Fluxes, solders and surface preparation and

methods for each group are given.

Klochko, N.A. Stanki Instrument., JJ (1976), 25.

BRAZING OF METAL-CUTTING TOOLS TO REDUCE THE RESIDUAL STRESS IN HARD

ALLOYS.

Recommendations are given for reducing the residual stress in hard

alloy wheels by a special joining process.

Shabalin, V.N. Svar Proizvod, _7 (1975), 34.

FEATURES OF HIGH-TEMPERATURE CONTACT-REACTIVE BRAZING OF HIGH-SPEED

STEEL WITH STRUCTURAL STEEL.

Ipatov, N.K. Svar Proizvod, £ (1975), 31.

DEVELOPMENT OF A BRAZING ALLOY FOR BRAZING HIGH SPEED TOOL STEELS.

A Cu-base brazing alloy was developed which gives high strength and

ductility and less shrinkage during solidification.

HÊiSSHli£E.i_L. Schweisstechnik, 29 (1975), 151.

BRAZING OF HARD-METAL COATED TOOLS WITH SPECIAL BRAZES.

The use of special brazes is recommended in the brazing of hard metal

(carbide) layers to tool steels.

Frings^P. Diss. T.H. Aacken, (1976).

UNTERSUCHUNGEN IM SYSTEM SILBER-KUPFER-ZINK-SILIZIUM ALS GRUNDLAGE

FUR DIE ENTWICKLUNG VON LOTEN FUR HARTMETALL-3TAHL VERBINDUNGEN.

For abstract see Schweissen und Schneiden V30 N10 (1978), 402.

- 125 -

ChjchraÂ^L^ Tool and Alloy steels, T_ (1973),

15.

DEVELOPMENT, PRODUCTION AND APPLICATION OF HIGH-SPEED STEEL TIP

BRAZED TOOLS.

A process of brazing hardened high speed steel tips on the shanks

of medium-C steel is described.

Suezava, Y. Zairyo, 5 (1976), 38.

A STUDY ON AG-CU BRAZED JOINT STRENGTH OF SINTERED STEELS.

Hardness distribution, structure and strength were studied of brazed

sintered Fe.

Muller^W. Schweisstechnik (Berlin), 23 (1973),

146.

BRAZING OF TOOLS TIPPED WITH HARD METALS.

To eliminate stresses induced during the brazing ductile materials are

applied at the brazing interface.

Brazing procedures, brazing alloys and fluxes are mentioned.

37.1. Steels (hard alloy) - steels

Karshin, V.P. Weld. Prod., 2£ (1975), 44.

CONTACT REACTIVE BRAZING OF HARD ALLOY IN VACUUM WITH MULTI-COMPONENT

BRAZING ALLOY IN STRIP FORM.

The optimum composition and conditions for the vacuum brazing of a

hard alloy to steels are determined.

Hammerx-èiïfi I N C R A ReSp R e p # N 239, (1975).

DEVELOPMENT OF COMPOSITE INCRAMUTE I STEEL SANDWICH STRUCTURES FOR

USE AS CIRCULAR SAW BLADES.

Research work done on joining incramute I,such as high temp, brazing*

is reported.

Klochko^JLA. Weld. Prod., 20 (1973), 55.

STRESSES AND STRAINS IN A BRAZED JOINT BETWEEN HARD ALLOY AND STEEL.

The process of development of stresses and strains during the brazing

of hard alloy workpieces to steel has been examined.

- 126 -

3*ÊE!£252¥z_Yiï£i Stanki Instruments, 2 O'7*)» 21.

TOOLS WITH WELDED PLATES OF HIGH SPEED STEEL.

The brazing of high speed steels to structural or low alloy steel is

described.

- 127 -

38. STEELS (LOW CARBON, MILD AMD CARBON STEELS)

Steklov, 0.1. Svar, Proizvod, 2 (1978), 26.

CORROSION-FATIGUE STRENGTH OF BRAZED JOINTS IN CARBON STEELS.

The causes of cracking in the joints in acid, alkali and H?S contg.

media were examined.

Orlov, A.V. Svar. Proizvod, 2 (1978), 28.

CORROSION RESISTANCE OF BRAZED JOINTS IN SI 20 AND 08 KH 18 N 10 T

STEZLS USED IN THERMAL POWER PLANTS.

Corrosion resistance was investigated in 5Z HCL solution at 70 C.

Saltan, S. Schweisstechnik, 28 (1978), 393.

BRAZING OF STEELS WITH COPPER IN VACUUM.

Brazing methods and procedures are outlined. Investigated are the

amounts of trace elements at the interface between metal and brazing

alloy.

Nikiforov, C D . Weld. Prod., 2± (1974), 31.

USE OF RADIANT HEATING FOR WELDING BRAZING AND HEAT TREATMENT.

The possibility of using an Xe discharge tube-elliptical reflector

system giving focused radiant energy for brazing steel 35 is described.

Tengler2 B. Schweisstechnik, 26_ (1976), 446.

PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE OF THE AUTOMATED BRAZING OF CARBIDE TIPPED TWIST

DRILLS.

Details are given of the development of procedures for the automatic

induction brazing of carbide tips to C60 steel.

Tengler^Bi ZIS Mit., J2 (1975), 367.

POSSIBILITIES OF INCREASING OPERATING EFFICIENCY AND QUALITY IN BRAZING

CARBIDE-TIPPED TOOLS.

5i35kü£g.i_L.ÏL Stanki Instrum., 6_ (1975), 18.

NEW COPPER-BASE SOLDERS FOR BRAZING HARD-ALLOY TOOLS.

The development and properties of a number of Cu-base solders used for

brazing hard alloy tools is described.

- 123 -

Rymar» V.I. Svar Proizvod, 7. (1973), 12.

THE EFFECT OF CARBON OM THE STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF JOINTS BRAZED

WITH ALLOY PZHK-2000.

The effect of C on the structure of the seam and on the propertiet; of

brazed joints of carbon steel was studied.

Iynitskii, Bt Ya. Energomashinostroenie, ^£ (1974),

25.

VACUUM INDUCTION SURFACING AND BRAZING OF SEALING SURFACES OF VALVES.

Brazing procedure and mech. properties and metallogr. before and after

the joining were described.

Lotsmanovl S.N. Sprav. Paik, (1975), 251.


A review is given with 21 refs on soldering low C, low alloy stainless





Mivake^lk Bull. Univ. Asaka Prefed. Ser. A.,

26 (1977), 133.

BUTT SILVER BRAZING OF MILD STEEL WITH EXPERIMENTAL FLUXES BY HG IN

DUCTOR HEATING.

The brazability of silver brazing alloys for mild steels using experi

mental chloride system tluxes is described.

Ruza, V. Strofirenstvi, 25 (1975), 667.

STRENGTH RELATIONS FOR VACUUM BRAZED JOINTS OF STEEL WITH A YIELD

POINT OF 600-1100 MPa.

The effect of the brazing heat on joints was studied.

SêïSkatsyx-I-i Nippon Kinzoku Gakkaiski, 3]_ (1973),

828.

(in Japanese).

WETTABILITY OF SILVER BRAZING ALLOY ON CARBON STEEL.

The wettability of Ag brazing alloy on C steel plate with different

C contents was investigated in relation to the effect of brazing atm.

- 129 -

Kinzel^J. Mitt. BEFA, _7 (1975), 1.

BRAZING OF ZINC COATED STEEL PIPES IN SANITARY INSTALLATIONS.

Mechanical properties and brazing procedure is described.

Barriosi_Ai Asamblea General del CEN IM,

Madrid, (1977), V4.

OXYBRAZING.

The technique of automatic brazing in an oxyacetylene flame at temp.

<. 3160 C is described; the method is especially suitable for tubular -

furniture and automobile parts of steel < 3 mm thick.

I)avi5i_C_iA. American Society for Metals,

Metals Park, (1976).

WELDING Am BRAZING OF CARBON STEELS-Pt. 4. GAS WELDING AND BRAZING.

JternsdorfjJS. ZIS Mitt., \± (1977), 477.

PERMISSIBLE (DESIGN) STRESSES IN STATICALLY LOADED BRAZED JOINTS.

The permissible stresses were determined in a research programme for

the parent metals St 38 u-2 and St 50-2.

Bernsdorf^G. ZIS Mitt., J9_ (1977), 483.

THE CREEP RUPTURE STRENGTH OF BRAZED JOINTS AT ROOM TEMPERATURE.

Investigations were conducted to determine whether the tensile strength

values obtained in short-time tests at room temperature coincide with

the creep rupture strength.

Parent metals used were St 38 u-2 and St 50-2.

KawakatsuÎi Weld. J., 56 (1977), 56s.

FURNACE BRAZING OF STEEL WITH BRASS FILLER METAL.

Evaporation of Zn from molten brass filler metals was investigated

for the purpose of developing a brass filler metal having low

dezincification and good spreadability during furnace brazing of steel

in a protective atmosphere.

- 130 -

Miller^J^ Weld. J., 55 (1976), 832.

MANUFACTURE OF GAS TURBINE ENGINE POWER SHAFT BY INDUCTION BRAZING.

Ruza^Y^ Met. Constr., {$ (1976), 17.

VACUUM BRAZING OF HIGH STRENGTH STEEL. THE EFFECT ON DUCTILITY OF JOINT

GAP AND THERMAL CYCLE.

The effect of joint gap, brazing temp., brazing time, cooling rate

and heat treatment on the impact strength of brazed joints was

evaluated.

Wolfx_HiJi Schweisstechnik (Berlin),

2!5 (1975), 338.

H.F. INDUCTION SOLDERING AND BRAZING OF UNALLOYED STEEL.

In an extensive fundamental study the factors influencing the induction

soldering and brazing of St 35 was investigated.

ÊSflz-Yili Svar. Proizvod, 5_ (1975), 35.

THE WETTING OF STEELS BY BRAZING ALLOYS DURING VACUUM BRAZING.

SSÜÜ£8££iJ>££s Weld- J-»54 (1975), 321s.

RELATIONSHIPS AMONG BRAZING DEFECTS AND BRAZING CONDITIONS.

The causes of defects in steel joints brazed with Ag base metals were

investigated.

l2lX2£2¥3.i_Y.i?f1 Svar Proizvod, 1_ (1974), 42.

BRAZING OF ZN-PLATED STEEL.

Experiments were carried out to develop solders and fluxes to obtain

reliable corrosion-resistant brazed joints on Zn-plated steel.

Kinzel^Ji Mitt. Bef a, 26 (1975), 4.

BRAZING OF GALVANIZED STEEL PIPES FOR WATER CONDUIT.

Brazing alloy and brazing procedure are described.

5S£lS2Yii£lÏA_5i Engineering, 2_T3_ (1973), 525.

MILD-STEEL COMPONENTS BY FURNACE BRAZING.

The process by which mild steels are joined by brazing with Cu in a

reduced atmosphere is described.

- 131 -

Wuich, W. Metall, 21_ (1973), 344.

STRENGTH OF COPPER BRAZED JOINTS.

The U.T.S. of brazed joints with 99,9Z Cu on three steels (St 37,

St 50 and St 70) was studied in relation to the heating method and

to the width of the gap.

Sasabe^jC Tr. Natl. Res. Int. Met. (Tokyo),

Jj$ (1976), 189.

STATIC TORSIONAL DEFORMATION AT BRAZED-BUTT JOINT.

Butt joints of two types of carbon steel brazed with pure copper were

torsion-tested. Theoretical considerations and experimental results

are presented.

Siewert, T.A. Weld. J., 57. (1978), 31.

BRAZE ALLOY SPREADING ON STEEL.

Brazing filler metal spreading mechanisms were studied for pure copper

on low carbon steel.

Suezawa^Y^ Tr. Jpn. Weld. Soc, J_ (1976), 25

EFFECTS OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS ON THE FATIGUE STRENGTH OF BRAZED JOINTS.

In this study to clarify the effect of surface roughnesss of base metal

on fatigue strength of brazed joints, experiments were carried out

using SS41 as base metal and B Ag 8 as filler metal.

Suezawa^Jf. J. Jpn. Weld. Soc, 45 (1976), 289.

EFFECTS OF SURFACE PREPARATION OF BASE METAL ON THE LAP JOINTS

STRENGTH OF MILD STEELS BRAZED WITH B AG 8-9. EFFECT OF ROUGHNESS

ON THE SHEAR STRENGTH OF BRAZED JOINTS.

§l}iiiiS8IEi_5i5i Weld- J" I5. (1976), 302s.

EFFECT OF FLUXES ON STEEL JOINTS BRAZED WITH SILVER BASE FILLER

METAL.

To improve the quality of steel joints American and Ruman fluxes are

compared and experimental fluxes tested.

- 132 -

Suezawa^Y. J. Soc. Mater. Sci. Japan,

25 (1976), 38.

STUDY ON AG-CU BRAZED JOINTS STRENGTH OF SINTERED STEEL.

Experimental data are presented concerning sintered steel joints

brazed with Ag-Cu filler metal.

Sugzawa^Jf. Tr. Jpn. Weld. Soc, T_ (1976), 9.

RELATION BETWEEN ROUGHNESS AND IMPACT STRENGTH OF BRAZED JOINTS.

The influence of surface finishing on the impact strength of brazed

joints was determined.

Suezawa,_Y. Tr. Jpn. Weld. Soc., 6_ (1976), 25.

RELATION BETWEEN THE SURFACE ROUGHNESS AND RESIDUAL STRESS OF B AH-8

BRAZED MILD STEEL JOINTS.

Reported is the influence of surface roughness and surface finishing

on the impact strength of mild steel joints.

KawahatsuÎ. J. Jap. Inst. Met., 3_7 (1973), 828.

WETTABILITY OF SILVER BRAZING ALLOY ON CARBON STEEL.

An investigation is reported on spreadability tests of silver brazing

alloys on carbon steel.

§I5Ïïi5fIIîÏA_Bi5i Svar« Proizvod, 1 (1974), 24.

DEVELOPMENT OF A NI-MN SYSTEM BRAZE.

A brazing alloy for joining C steels and stainless steels was developed.

Muellerx_W. Schweisstechnik, 23_ (1973), 158.

FATIGUE STRENGTH OF STEEL-SILVER BRAZE JOINTS.

Fatigue strength under completely reversed binding stress has been

investigated.

Colbus^J^ Metall., 26 (1972), 1133.

TENSILE NOTCH IMPACT AND IMPACT BENDING TESTS ON BRAZING ALLOYS AND

BRAZED JOINTS AT ROOM TEMPERATURE AND -196°C.

Eight brazing alloys were used to braze copper, stainless steel and

two carbon steels. Results are reported.

- 133 -

guzovskii, Yu. N. Svar. Proizvod, 2. (1973), 12.

EFFECT OF CARBON ON THE STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF JOINTS BRAZED WITH

BRAZING SOLDERS PZLK-1OO0.

Microstructures and tensile and impact strengths of the base metal after

heat treatment and of the joints after brazing are presented and

discussed.

Suezawa, Y. Yosetsu Gakhan-Shi, 42 (1973), 526.

EFFECT OF SURFACE PREPARATIONS OF BASE METAL OF THE BUTT JOINT STRENGTH

OF MILD STEEL BRAZED WITH B AG-8. 8. CAPILLARY PENETRATION OF FILLER

METAL.

Bataksher, A.F. Svar, Proizvod, 2(1976), 25.

REACTION OF SILVER WITH STEEL IN PRODUCING JOINTS BY BRAZE WELDING.

Wetting of steel by molten Ag was investigated.

Suezawa, Y. Tr. Japan Welding Soc, 2 (1972),

77.

EFFECT OF SURFACE PREPARATIONS OF BASE METAL ON THE BRAZED JOINT

STRENGTH.

Presented are some experimental evidence that surface roughness

of base metal effects the butt joint strength and wettability of mild

steel braze with BAg 8 filler metal.

§uezawax_Y. Tr. Japan Welding Soc, 2 (1972),

17.

INVESTIGATION OF ROUGHNESS EFFECTS ON THE TENSILE STRENGTH OF BRAZED

JOINTS.

Presented are experimental data on effect of surface preparations of

base metal, especially roughness effects of brazing surface on

strength of brazed joint.

- 134 -

39. STEELS (LOW ALLOY, HIGH CARBON)

Lotsmanoy JJ.i.N. Sprav. Paike, (1975), 251.


A review is given with 21 refs» on soldering low C, low alloy, stainless





No_author Mod. Met., 33 (1977), 73.

THE COPPER CONNECTION EASES METAL BRAZING WOES.

The benefits resulting from the use of Cu-clad steel materials,

available in stainless and low alloy steels, are compared to conventional

use of Cu brazing shim.

Radzievskii, V.N. Svar. Proizvod, 2 (1975), 33.

A BRAZING ALLOY OF THE PALLADIUM-NICKEL-IRON SYSTEM FOR VACUUM BRAZING

LOW ALLOY STEELS.

As a result of a study a brazing alloy was developed which gave vacuum

brazed joints in low alloy steels with the same strength as the parent

metal.

ëËË5i£Y.5!siii_¥iïL Weld. Prod., 20 (1973), 21.

INFLUENCE OF CARBON ON THE STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF JOINTS BRAZED

WITH ALLOY.

Data are given on the mechanical properties and structure of brazed

joints in ARMCO steels with Pd-Ni-Ir alloy.

5H5§A_¥A Schweisstechnik, 2_4 (1974), 404.

CHARACTERISTIC PROPERTIES OF VACUUM BRAZED JOINTS OF LOW - AND HIGH

ALLOY STEELS HAVING NI-BASE BRAZING ALLOYS.

An analysis of the result of various temperature led to the determina

tion of strength properties.

5f<}5iêY££iix_¥iNi Weld. Prod., 2\_ (1974), 65.

SPECIAL FEATURES OF HIGH TEMPERATURE BRAZING OF STEEL KH 18 N 10 T.

- 135 -

Radzieyskiii_V.Ni Khim. Neft. Maskinstr. (USSR),

8 (1974), 26.

SOLDERED ROTORS OF CENTRIFUGAL COMPRESSORS FROM LOW ALLOY STEELS.

Brazing tests are described on vacuum brazing low alloy steels with

Pd-Ni-Fe alloys.

- 136 -

40. STEELS (HIGH ALLOY, HEAT RESISTANT)

Schwartz,^.M. Gold. Bull., 8 (1975), 102.

APPLICATION FOR GOLD-BASE BRAZING ALLOYS.

The composition and melting range of 30 alloys are tabulated and their

application reviewed. The brazing of Co-base superalloy panels is also

described.

Lange^JL Metall, 26 (1972), 314.

USE OF HIGH TEMPERATURE BRAZING IN VACUUM FOR JOINING HEAT RESISTANT

ALLOYS.

An outline is given of the most suitable application of high temp.

brazing.

Schneider^P^ Tesla Electron, 8 (1975), 60.

BRAZING OF HEAT RESISTING MATERIALS WITH A ZIRCONIUM-RHODIUM SYSTEM

BRAZE.

3adzievskii2_ViNi Khin. Neft. Maskinsh., JO (1975),

29.

USE OF HIGH TEMPERATURE VACUUM BRAZING IN MAKING COMPONENTS OF CENTRIFUGAL

COMPRESSORS.

Vacuum brazing of steels with Pd and Mn alloys is'described in a review

with 4 refs.

Colbus^JL Schweissen u Schneiden, 26_ (1974),

209.

PROPERTIES OF HIGH TEMPERATURE ALLOY JOINTS MADE WITH GOLD-NICKEL BRAZING

ALLOYS. STATE OF THE ART REVIEW.

The use of Au-base brazing alloys in joining heat-resistant alloys is

reviewed with 10 refs.

Helli-SiLi Schweisstechniek (Berlin), 25

(1975), 338.

HIGH FREQUENCY INDUCTION BRAZING OF UNALLOYED STEEL.

HF induction brazing of unalloyed steel is described in some detail.

- 137 -

Ambius, I. Vakuum-Tech., 4_ (1975), 97.

ON THE ROLE OF SILVER CONSTITUENTS OF THE BRAZING FILLER METAL IN

INTERCRYSTALLINE CORROSION DURING BRAZING OF FE NI CO-ALLOYS.

- 138 -

41. STEELS-CAST IRON

Ü£IÊ8H!Ü2i._5iLi Svar. Proizvod, 2 (1978)» 31-

DETERMINATION OF THE PERTHSSEBLE GA? IN BRAZING CAST IRON AND STEEL

WITH BRASS L 63 USING FLUX AN-SHT 2.

Turygin, V.N. Weld. Prod., 2± (1974), 77 .

BRAZING OF SEALS MADE FROM CHROME STEEL TO LARGE CAST IRON FITTINGS.

41.1 Steels-Carbides

Karshin, V.P. Svar. Proizvod, _10 (1975), 33.

REACTIVE VACUUM BRAZING OF A HARD METAL WITH THE AID OF MULTICOMPONENr

STRIP BRAZING ALLOYS.

Optimum compositions and conditions for the reactive vacuum brazing

with multicomponent brazing alloys were determined.

Muller, W. Schweisstechnik, 23 (1973), 146.

BRAZING OF CARBIDE TIPPED TOOLS.

Difficulties in brazing cemented carbides to steel are outlined. Directions

are given on the construction of joints. Brazing procedures and test

methodes are outlined.

Bobrov^GjV.. Svar. Proizvod, 22. (1972), 18.

IMPROVED SPRAYED WEAR-RESISTANT COATINGS BY SUBSEQUENT VACUUM SOLDERING.

The wear resistance of sprayed-on relete coatings (We and D C ) on steel

and other metal parts was studied.

ÏÊDSl£Ex_5i Schweisstechnik, 26 (1976), 446.

PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE ACQUIRED FROM AUTOMATED BR ZING OF CARBIDE TIPPED

TWIST DRILLS.

Sêter^Hansôachim. ZIS Mit. \$_ (1973), 419.

HIGH FREQUENCY INDUCTION BRAZING OF CARBIDE TIPPED TWIST DRILLS.

Experiments carried out on HF induction brazing are described and

various processes examined.

NS-Sythori Machinery and Prod. Eng. 125 (1974),

474.

SIMULTANEOUS BRAZING AND HEAT-TREATMENT OF CARBIDE-TIPPED TOOLS.

- 139 -

98205§ÏSSi_5ièi Sb. Nauchn. Rab. Aspir. Soiskatelei

Nauchno-Issled. Inst. Kamnya Silik,

9_ (1974), 117.

BRAZING ALLOY FOR JOINING CEMENTED CARBIDES.

Adding of some metals to the brazing alloy to decrease the thermal

expansion coeff. is described.

9iggl?"r8i-?^ Stanki Instruments 6 (1975), 18.

COPPER ALLOY FOR BRAZING CEMENTED CARBIDE TOOLS.

Development of four Cu-Zn brazing alloys is described for brazing

cemented carbide tools.

Klockks^_N1A. Nauchn. Tr. Vses. Nauchno-Issled.

Prolktn. Inst. Tugo plavkikh Met.

Tverd. Splavov, 1± (1973), 147.

EFFECT OF BRAZING ALLOY ON THE DIMENSIONS AND STRESSES IN ELEMENTS OF

JOINTS BETWEEN STEEL AND CEMENTED CARBIDES.

Stresses developed during cooling after brazing were determined as

function of depth at 20-600°C.

5§I§5ÏDSl£ii_ïïi Zesz. Nauk. Aliad. Corn.-Hutn,

Krakow Electr. Mech. Corn. Hutn.

54 (1974), 17.

BRAZING SINTERED CARBIDES IN BITS FOR ROTARY PRECUSSIVE DRILLS.

Factors affecting the quality of brazed joints in carbide-tipped rock

drills are discussed.

Belitskii^MiEi Technol. Organ. Proizvod, 9_ (1974),

60.

SOLDERING A SINTERED PACKING BAND TO HEAT RESISTANT STEEL PARTS.

The soldering of a Nichrome packing band to heat resistant steels is

described.

- 140 -

41.2 Steels-Nickel alloys

2YïEÊ£llÊ!15îiA_Aiïi Svar. Proizvod, JJ_ (1974), 35.

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF JOINTS OF ALLOY EP 454 WITH ALLOYS EP 454 AND

E 1437 ASH DURING BRAZING WITH BRAZING ALLOY PZHK-1000.

Tensile test performed at 20-1000 C are reported.

41.3 Steels-stellite

Bü2êi_Yi Zvaranie, 21 (1973), 134.

MAGNITUDE OF DEFORMATION AND INTERNAL STRESSES DURING BRAZING OF

COMPOSITE MATERIALS.

The magnitude of deformation and residual stresses during brazing of

composites are presented for stellite-Ti alloy and stellite-alloy steel.

- 141 -

42. TANTALUM

Lotsmanov1_S.W. Sprav. Paike, (1975), 251.




hard alloys, cast iron Cu, N, Ti, Mo, W, Zr, Ta, Be, Al and their alloys



Anikeev, E.F. Svar. Proizvod, _3 (1978), 1213.

WETTING OF HIGH-MELTING METALS WITH COPPER BASE ALLOYS.

The effect of P in 90Cu-I0Ag alloy on wetting molybdenum, niobium and

tantalum was investigated.

42.1 Tantalum - Titanium

pjgggitgyrci-e»!' Svar. Proizvod, 7 (1975), 26.

DIFFUSION BRAZING OF NIOBIUM OR TANTALUM TO TITANIUM.

A technology of diffusion brazing of Nb alloy 5 VMTs or Ta alloy TV 10

with Ti alloy TS 7 was devised.

- 142 -

43. TITANIUM ALLOYS.

Lotsmanpy, S.N. Sprav. ?aike, (1975), 251.

TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS FOR SOIOERING.



hard alloys, cast iron, Cu, N, Ti, Mo, W, Zr, Ta, Be, Al and their alloys



Cotton, W.L. AD - 92079 (1974), 134 p.

SST TECHNOLOGY FOLLOW ON PROGRAMME-PHASE II. DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION

OF THE ALUMINIUM BRAZED TITANIUM SYSTEM. V6 CORROSION RESISTANCE.

The corrosion resistance of Al brazed Ti systems in marine environments

was studied.

tiQdhx_DiVi AD - 920797 (1974).

SST TECHNOLOGY FOLLOW ON PROGRAMME-PHASE II. DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION

OF THE ALUMINIUM BRAZED TITANIUM SYSTEM. V4 MATERIAL PROPERTIES.

Stress-rupture characteristics of brazed joints were defined and reported

at 450°F, 600°F and 800°F for exposures to 19.000 hrs.

Schwartz^M.^ Weld. J., 57 (1978), 35.

DIFFUSION BRAZING TITANIUM SANDWICH STRUCTURES.

A newly d».eloped joining system combines elements of brazing and

diffusion welding.

BXESIx-Yili S v a r- Proizvod, 2 (1978), 12.

HIGH TEMPERATURE AUTOMATIC VACUUM BRAZING WITH THE AID OF S0RBENT

MATERIALS.

Automatic vacuum brazing of steels and Ti alloys was investigated using

Mg, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, 7x, Nb, Mo powders to obtain vacuum conditions.

MsiUSi-AiYa.. Svar. Proizvcd, V2_ (1977), 24.

CALCULATION PARAMETERS OF BRAZING TITANIUM WITH M0-NI BARRIER COATING.

A calculation method for calculating optimum parameters is described.

- 143 -

Ekatova1_A.S. Sprav. Paike, (1975), 102.


A review is given with 21 refs. on fluxes and gaseous media for high

and low temperature soldering of ferrous and non-ferrous metals including

Ti and Ti alloys.

Becker,_D.N. Air force Mat. Lab., AFML-TR-77-165,

(1977).

WETTABILITY AND BRAZABILITY OF FORMABLE SHEET TITANIUM ALLOYS.

Wettability and brazability of three Ti base alloys are determined.

To determine braze strength, the lap shear tensiles are measured.

Hamoner, R.H. Advances in joining Technology.

Brook hill Pub. Co., (1976), 595.

ALUMINIUM-BRAZED TITANIUM DESIGN.

It is concluded that Al brazed sandwich structures are superior in

cost/weight relationship to other material systems or design configurations

in the 400-800 F temperature environment.

Lesgprigues, I. Annual assembly, Institute of welding,

London, (1977), paper 30 (preprint).

TA 6V TITANIUM ALLOY BRAZING.

Brazing test were made on TA 6V alloy used under operating temp. < 350 C

with three filler metals, an Ag-base alloy and two Ti-base alloys.

?2S5£2iDi_IiKi Tsvetn. Met., 1_ (1977), 69.

EFFECT OF HEATING CONDITIONS ON THE PROPERTIES OF TTT\NIUM CARBONNITRIDE

ALLOY KNT-16.

The effect of heating conditions on the physico-mechanical properties

of the TiCN-base alloy KNT-16 was studied. The recommended heating rate

was 25 C/sec. (to a level of 10} ') with slow cooling after the brazing

operation.

Nikiforev^GjDi Weld. Prod., 2\_ (1974), 3J.

USE OF RADIANT HEATING FOR WELDING, BRAZING AND HEAT TREATMENT.

The possibility of using an Xe discharge tube-elliptical reflector system

giving focused radiant energy for brazing Ti alloy OT 4 is described.

- 144 -

BesednxjA_ViAi Svar. Proizvod, J_ (1977), 35.

RESISTANCE REACTION SOLDERING OF TITANIUM ALLOY VT6S.

The brazing ability of the VT6S titanium alloy is investigated.

No author. Welding Product., 23 (1976), 47.

THE REACTION BRAZING OF TITANIUM ALLOYS WITH A COPPER INTERLAYER THICKER

THAN 100 vm.

Elrod, S.D. Weld. J., 52 (1973), 425s.

ALUMINIUM BRAZED TITANIUM HONEYCOMB STRUCTURES, A NEW SYSTEM.

Results of a development and production scale-up programme for the Al

brazed Ti honeycomb system are summerized.

Bales, T.T.T. NASA, (1973). Materials and Processes

of the 70's Cost Effectiveness and

Reliability.

DEVELOPMENT OF THE WELD-BRAZE JOINING PROCESS.

A joining process was developed for joining Ti-6 Al-4 V alloy joints by

using 3003 AL braze alloy. Test results are given.

5ê5«ÉSZii_Yièr S v a r- Proizvod, 6_ (1976), 39.

See also Weld. Prod. (1976), 46.

BRAZING TITANIUM ALLOYS WITH FE BASED BRAZING ALLOYS.

A possibility of obtaining high quality joints of Ti alloys by means

of brazing with Ve based brazing alloys was investigated.

IJonanx-Cj. Schweissen und Schneiden, 28 (1976),

389.

THE LASER BEAM BRAZING OF TITANIUM AND MATERIAL COMBINATIONS TO TITANIUM

IN A SHIELD GAS ATMOSPHERE.- SOME PRACTICAL EXAMPLES OF ITS APPLICATIONS.

A report is given of the laser beam brazing of Ti and Ti to other metals.

SchmeltzerA_CsJA AFML-TR-76-145, (1976).

TITANIUM BRAZE SYSTEM FOR HIGH TEMPERATURE APPLICATIONS.

The design rationale and development of special high temperature braze

systems for joining Ti and Ti alloys and suitable for long-term aerospace

application to 427 C are described.

- 145 -

Woreraan, D. Weld. J., 55 (1976), 86S.

BRAZING FOR TITANIUM BICYCLE FRAMES.

Vacuum brazing Ti bicycle frames is described.

No author SAMPE O, (1976), 46.

ADVANCED JOINING PROCESSES.

The activities of the Air Force materials Laboratory Manufacturing

Div. in brazing Ti hydride structures is described.

Lepetit,?. Rech. Aérosp, J (1976), 37.

THERMOCHEMICAL DEPOSITS ON TITANIUM ALLOYS.

A new brazing process was developed which overcomes the disadvantage of

conventional titanium brazing.

Griskin^V.U Svar. Proizvod, _I0 (1975), 36.

PROPERTIES OF COPPER BRAZED JOINTS OF TITANIUM AND ITS ALLOYS.

Physical-chemical interactions taking place in the vacuum - and/or

Ar-shielded Cu brazing of 0,5-4,Omm thick titanium were studied.

SeminuikÂ. Weld. J., 5_3 (1974), 454.

PROPERTIES OF TZM AND NUCLEAIR BEHAVIOUR OF TZM BRAZEMENTS.

Tensile, yield strength impact strength, thermal expansion corrosion

and H permeation rate were determined.

Shtukin^ViTi Svar. Proizvod, _I0 (1974), 30.

THE BRAZING OF TI USING BARRIER LAYERS OF CHROME NICKEL.

The use of barrier layer, to avoid corrosion of the base metal by the

alloy, in brazing Ti alloys is described.

Begedonïj.iJLA.i Svar. Proizvod, ]_ (1975), 36.

OBTAINING JOINTS OF UNIFORM STRENGTH IN BRAZING TITANIUM ALLOYS WITH

THE AID OF THERMAL DIFFUSION.

A method was developed for obtaining joints of uniform strength in Ti

alloys by brazing with Cu and Ni interlayers.

§2!S2lSYSx_Niï?i Svar. Proizvod, 3_ ('975), 38.

THE BRAZING OF TITANIUM SHEET.

The possibility of obtaining joints in 0,1-0,2mm thick Ti sheet by means

of diffusion brazing through a vacuum deposited Cu interlayer was studied.

- 146 -

Hoffman__E.L. Materials review '75, ("?75), 68.

FABRICATION METHODS FOR YF-12 WING PANELS FOR THE SUPERSONIC CRUISE

AIRCRAFT RESEARCH PROGRAM.

Advanced fabrication and joining processes for Ti and composite

materials being investigated by NASA are described.

Wells__R_R_ Weld. J., _5_i (1975), 348s.

LOW TEMPERATURE LARGE ARIA BRAZING OF DAMAGE TOLERANT TITANIUM STRUCTURES.

Various brazing filler metals were identifed and brazing processes

established for producing laminates of Ti base metals for service

between -50 and 300°F.

MISj._R.Ri Tech. report AFML-TR-75-50, (1975).

LOW-TEMPERATURE LARGE-AREA BRAZING OF TITANIUM STRUCTURES.

Large area STA (Solution Treated and Aged) Ti laminates can be fabricated

from Ti-6-4, Ti-6-6-2 and BC alloys using various brazing filler metals.


?_IISx_5_5i *tn international Soldering and 6th

international AWS-WRC Brazing conf.

(1975), B 11 - B 13.

MICROSTRUCTUAL CONTROL OF EUTECTIC REACTION-JOINED TITANIUM.

Means of controlling the microstructure of Cu-Ti eutectic-joined Ti alloys

were determined.

Wel____R_R_ 4th international Soldering and 6th

international AWS-WRC Brazing conf.

(1975), B6 - B7.

LOW TEMPERATURE LARGE AREA BRAZING OF DAMAGED TOLERANT AND TITANIUM

STRUCTURES.

An experimental evaluation was made of the ability of low temperature

brazed STAT laminates to stop the catastrophic propagation of cracks

in critical aircraft components.

Kev__R_E_ Weld. J., 5_3 (1974), 426s.

TITANIUM STRUCTUAL BRAZING.

Brazing 6 annealed Ti-6A1-4V laminates is described.

http://MISj._R.Ri

- 147 -

Key, R.E. Weld. J., j>3 (1974), 432s.

BRAZED TITANIUM FAIL-SAFE STRUCTURES.

Brazed fail-safe structures were designed and evaluated for use in

aircraft structures.

Fehr, H.P. Schweisstechnik, T3 (1973), 305s.

USE OF ALUMINIUM IN STRUCTURES.

The properties of Ti and trends in its use in E. Germany are outlined.

Procedures for joining ( e.g. brazing) are considered.

Bales. T.T. Sanpe Q, !> (1974), 28.

WELD-BRAZING OF TITANIUM.

The joining process called weld-brazing, for joining titanium is

described.

Wood, R.A. Titanium alloys Handbook, MC1C-HB-

02, (1972), 630 p.

TITANIUM ALLOYS HANDBOOK.

A variety of fusion and resistance welding methods are described as

w«ll as brazing, mechanical fastening and adhesive bonding.

Mikus2 E.B. Proceedings of the symposium on

Welding, bonding and fastening, (1972),

pp 33, Williamsburg, U.S.A.

THIN-FILM DIFFUSION BRAZING OF TITANIUM ALLOYS.

Description of a thin-film diffusion brazing procesr Jor titanium is

described.

Davis1 R.A. Proceedings of the cotnposium on welding

bonding and fastening, (1972), po. 33,

Williamsburg U.S.A.

TITANIUM HONEYCOMB STRUCTURE.

Steps in the production of a titanium wing panel for the SST supersonic

aircraft including the selection of the brazing alloy and the brazing

procedure are reported.

- 148 -

Wcdgei_RiHi Titanium Science and Technology,

VI, (1973), 520. Proceedings

of the second conf., Cambridge,

Mass., (1972).

CRITICAL REVIEW-JOINING , QUALITY ASSURANCE AND INSPECTION.

The range of joining processes for titanium alloys are reviewed.

Archôldl_T.F\ Metallography, _5 (1972), 315.

A METALLOGRAPHIC STUDY ON ALUMINIUM BRAZED TITANIUM ALLOY.

The rate of TiAl, formation was studied using scanning electron

microscopy and hot stage microscopy.

Kaiser^L^ Schweissen und Schneiden, 2^ (1972),

161.

INDUCTION BRAZING OF HIGH PRESSURE PIPING USED IN AIR- AND SPACE CRAFT

CONSTRUCTION.

The specialized induction brazing technique suitable for bra-.ii.g high

pressure pipework is outlined and examples given.

BesednyiÂjV^ Weld. Production, 23 (1976), 47.

REACTION BRAZING OF TITANIUM ALLOYS WITH A COPPER INTERLAYER THICKER

THAN 100 w.

§£l!SêlÊYji_éi5i Smachivaemost Poverkh. svoislva,

Rasplavov, Tverd. Tel., (1972), 284.

ZONE OF A TITANIUM AND HIGH-AL 0 CERAMIC JOINT.

The Ti-Ti and Ti-ceramic soldered joints were investigated. Brazing

alloys used and properties of joints reported.

RüHi-Yi Weld. Met. Fabr., 44 (1976), 296.

BRAZABILITY OF TITANIUM.

Work performed at the welding research institute in Bratislava is

described.

- 149 -

Wells, R.R. Weld. J., 55 (1976), 20s.

MICROSTRUCTURAL CONTROL OF THIN-FILM DIFFUSION BRAZED TITANIUM.

The results of this work show that it is possible to control properties of

joints produced by thin-film diffusion brazing.

Naidich^jru^ Refractories, _T5 (1974), 55.

ADHESION, WETTABILITY AND REACTION OF TITANIUM CONTAINING MELTS WITH

HIGH MELTING OXIDES.

Data are presented on surface tension of titanium contg. melts, wetting

angles of melts on high melting oxides, work of adhesion and phase

compositions of the boundary compounds.

Blanchet, B. Rev. Metall (Paris), 7± (1974), 99.

WELDING OF TITANIUM.

The purpose of this paper is to show difficulties encountered in welding

or brazing titanium and its alloys.

Woodward^J^R. SAMPE Nail. Tech. conf. ser., _5

(1973), 423.

TITANIUM HONEYCOMB SANDWICH FABRICATION PROCESS.

Brazing of titanium honeycomb sandwich structures is described.

Kaaslela^W/T^ Weld. J., 5_3 (1974), 629.

DEVELOPMENT OF THE AG-AL-MN BRAZING FILLER METAL FOR TITANIUM.

Brazing processes are described. Test results are given.

Schmeltzer^CÊi AD-A-036575, (1976).

TITANIUM BRAZE SYSTEM FOR HIGH TEMPERATURE APPLICATIONS.

This report describes the design rationale and developments of special

high temperature braze systems for joining titanium and titanium alloys

suitable for long term aerospace applications to 800 F.

£lSS5lvj.JL2i BDX-613-1666 (Rev), (1977).

BRAZING TITANIUM STRUCTURES, FINAL REPORT.

££Ie.¥Ê2ÊBt:SÊ¥.i_ILÏL Weld. Prod., 2£ (1975), 52.

SPECIAL FEATURES OF THE BRAZING OF THIN SHEET TITANIUM STRUCTURES.

- 150 -

Wuj.KX^ 21st Nat. Symposiumof SAMPE, Los

Angelos, (1976).

SELECTION OF BRAZING ALLOYS FOR WELD BRAZING OF TITANIUM.

Keî_RiEi Aerospace Engeneering and Manfucturing

Meeting, Los Angelos, (1975).

BRAZING OF LARGE LAMINATED TITANIUM AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES.

WiremanjJK Weld. J., 55 (1976), 868.

BRAZING FOR TITANIUM BICYCLE FRAMES.

Besedny_i±_VrA_. Weld. Prod., 22 (1976), 50.

PRODUCTION OF EQUAL-STRENGTH JOINTS IN BRAZING OF TITANIUM ALLOYS

EMPLOYING THERMAL DIFFUSION TREATMENT.

KhorunovJ,_ViFJ, Autom. Svarka., U. ('974), 53.

MANUFACTURE OF BRAZED LAYER STRUCTUPvES.

A review of foreign literature published in 1958-1969 on brazing


?§IeSi_LL NASA-TN-D-7281, (1973), 40 pp.

DEVELOPMENT OF THE WELD-BRAZE JOINING PROCESS.

Description of the process and joining Ti alloys by 3003 Al braze

alloy is given.

§£!2ïêl£5i_îMi Weld. Res. Cound. Bull. 1973,

N 182.


A review is given with 36 refs. of developments in brazed honeycomb


Besedny.i^V^ Khim. Neft. Maskinosh., U_ (1975),

24.

CONTACT REACTION SOLDERING OF THE ALLOY AT3.

The effect of high temperature heating on the mechanical properties

of AT3 Ti alloy and its joints made by contact reaction soldering was

investigated.

- 151 -

LegetitA_I\ Rech. Aerosp., j_ (1976), 37.

THERMOCHEMICAL DEPOSITS ON TITANIUM ALLOYS.

Poor wettability of TA 6V Ti alloy to brazing alloys were overcome by

coatings with Cu or Ag. Coating technique is described.

Kawamura^^H^ Keikinzoku Yosetsu, _12_ (1974),

357.

BRAZING AND LOW-PRESSURE DIFFUSION BONDING OF TITANIUM ALLOYS.

A review is presented on brazing titanium alloys.

?22§Ëïi_5iIi Heat. Treat. Aspects of metal joining

processes. Proc. Biannual Conf.,

(1971), 61.

HEAT TREATMENT ASPECTS OF JOINING TITANIUM BASED MATERIALS.

Mentioned are diffusion bonding and brazing of Ti and ways to avoid

base metal degradation.

25iSSêi_5i M e m- Sci- Rev- Met., 70_ (1973),

335.

MICROANALYSES OF HEATED SOLID AND LIQUID SPECIMEN.

A microanalysis study is presented of brazing a Ti alloy TA 6V with a

Sn-Cu alloy at 500°-800°C.

VesedniiJL_yiLN1 Khim. Neft. Maskinosh., 4 (1977),

23.

TECHNOLOGY OF BRAZING COMPRESSOR DRIVE WHEELS MADE FROM VT 6S TI ALLOY.

Conditions for brazing and the effect of brazing on mechanical properties

and structure of brazed joints are reported.

43.1 Titanium- alloys-Al,0,

SchmeleyÂÊ^ Smachivaemost Poverkh. Svoislva,

Rasplavov, Tverd. Tel., (2972), 284.

ZONE OF A TITANIUM AND HIGH-Al^ CERAMIC JOINT.

The ii-Ti and Ti-ceramic soldered joints were investigsted. Brazing

alloys used and properties of joints reported.

- 152 -

Metelkin, I.I. Svar. Proizvod, 8 (1974), 8.

INTERACTION OF TITANIUM WITH AL-O. AND THE JOINING OF METAL AND

CERAMIC MATERIALS.

The interaction of Ti with A1_0_ and brazing alloys was studied by

X-ray diffusion analysis, metallographic analysis and microhardness

measurement.

43.2 Titaniiim-alloys-Boron.

Metzger^GÊ. WRC bulletin no. 207, Welding

Research Council, (1975).


The joining process for joining Titanium to Boron are described.

43.3 Titanium-alloys—ceramics.

Kehr, W.P. Am. Ceram. Soc. Bull., 52 (1973),

373.

VACUUM BRAZING TITANIUM TO FERRITE CERAMICS.

43.4 Titanium-alloys-Copper

Bonani_Ci Schweissen und Schneiden, 8 (1976),

389.

THE LASER BEAM BRAZING OF TITANIUM AND MATERIAL COMBINATIONS TO

TITANIUM IN A SHIELD GAS ATMOSPHERE. SOME PRACTICAL EXAMPLES OF ITS

APPLICATION.

A report is given on the laser beam brazing of titanium to copper and

to other metals.

Shtukin^V/r^ Svar. Proizvod, JO (1974), 30.

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE TECHNOLOGY OF TITANIUM BRAZING USING A CR-NI

BARRIER COATING.

Brazing Ti to Co is described and the joints are evaluated including

tensile properties.

- 153 -

43.5 Titanium alloys-Nickel alloys,

Bonan2_C. Schweissen und Schneiden, ]!8 (1976),

389.

THE LASER BEAM BRAZING OF TITANIUM AND MATERIAL COMBINATIONS TO TITANIUM

IN A SHIELD GAE ATMOSPHERE. SOME PRACTICAL EXAMPLES OF ITS APPLICATION.

A report is given on the laser beam brazing of titanium to nickel and

alloys and titanium to other metals.

43.6 Titanium alloys-sapphire.

5iUf2ï2i_?iYi Weld- Prod., 2J[ (1974), 56.

BRAZING OF HIGH STRENGTH TITANIUM ALLOYS TO SAPPHIRE DIAGRAMS.

43.7 Titanium alloys-steels.

Semeruuk, A. Weld. J. 53 (1974), 454.

PROPERTIES OF TZM AND NUCLÏAR BEHAVIOUR OF TZM BRAZEMENTS.

An Au-18% Ni brazing alloy was used to braze TZM to steel. Properties

of the joint are reported.

43.8 Titanium alloys-Stellite.

Ruhza^V. Svar. Proizvod, 2_ (1978), 18.

POSSIBILITY OF BRAZING THE COMBINATION a-TITANIUM/STELLITE.

An investigaion was made into the possibility of using standard Ag

brazing alloys for brazing the combination a-Ti/Stellite.

5ü53i_Yi Strojirenstvi, 24 (1974, 736.

TITANIUM ALLOY TURBINE BLADES PROTECTED AGAINST CORROSION BY CLADDING

WITH BRAZED STELLITE PLATES.

The results of tests to develop the brazing of stellite protective plates

to turbine blades are reported.

5U5Si_Yi Zvaranie, T2_ (1973), 134.

MAGNITUDE OF DEFORMATION AND INTERNAL STRESSES DURING BRAZING OF COMPOSITE

MATERIALS.

The magnitude of deformation and residual stresses during brazing of

composites are presented for Stellite- Ti alloy and Stellite-alloy

steel.

- 154 -

5ü5§i_Yi Zvaranie, 7A_ (1972), 46.

CONTRIBUTION TO MATERIAL BRAZABILITY OF THE COMBINATION TIAL55N25-

STELLITE.

The brazing processes including material structure during brazing are

reported for the above mentioned combination.

Ruza, V. Strojirenstvi, 24 (1974), 736.

SURFACING OF STELLITE PROTECTIVE PLATES TO A TITANIUM ALLOY BLADE.

Brazing stellite plates to leading edges of a a Ti alloy turbine

blades was investigated to enhance their erosion resistance to steam.

43.9 Titanium alloys-Tungsten»

MË£i8££xJLJL WRC bulletin no. 207, (1975).

JOINING OF A METAL/MATRIX FIBER REINFORCED COMPOSITE MATERIALS.

The joining processes for joining titanium to tungsten are described.

43. 10 Titanium alloys-Zirconium.

SÊ2ÊSyi*i_A. Weld. J., 5_3 (1974), 454.

PROPERTIES OF TZM AND NUCLEAR BEHAVIOUR OF TZM BRAZEMENTS.

A Zr-5Be braze filler metal was used to join TZM to Zr. Properties of

the joint are reported.

- 155 -

44. TITANIUM CARBIDE-STEELS

Rodin, P.R. Rezanie Inst., £ (1973), 87.

BRAZING OF SENTERED TITANIUM CARBIDE HAND ALLOYS.

Brazing of TiC-Ni-Mo alloys and TNM inserts to steel tools with Cu and

Ag alloys is described.

Vitryanyrik. V.K. 2nd Materials Symp. Moscow, (1972),

205.

POWDER METALLURGY HARD ALLOYS BASED ON TITANIUM CARBIDE.

Properties of hard alloys based on TiC are described as is brazing of

hard alloys to steel holders.

- 156 -

45. TUNGSTEN

Okamoto, I. Trans. I.W.R.I., £ (1977), 259.

STUDIES ON BRAZABILITY OF ELECTRIC CONTACT CHIP MATERIALS. I-EFFECT

OF SURFACE PREPARATION OF SINTERED TUNGSTEN ALLOYS ON WETTING OF BAG

FILLER METALS.

Lundberg. L.B. Weld. J.,_57 (1978), 311s.

BRAZING MOLYBDENUM AND TUNGSTEN FOR HIGH TEMPERATURE SERVICE.

Investigations have been conducted to develop vacuum brazes for

molybdenum and tungsten for use up to 1597 C.

Lotmanov, S.N. Sprav. Paike, (1975), 251.


A review is given with 21 refs. on solderinp low C, low alloy, stainless


hard alloys, cast iron, Cu, N, Ti, Mo, W, Zr, Ta, Be, Al and their

alloys and Mg alloys. Fluxes, solder and surface preparation and methods


Greshin, V.L. Svar. Proizvod, £ (1976), 48.

A NEW BRAZING ALLOY VPR 20 FOR BRAZING HIGH MELTING MATERIALS.

A brazing alloy was developed for brazing Nb, Mo, W and their alloys.

The composition is V28, TiJ6, TalO, (Nb+Cr+Mo) < \% Zr remander.

Mahler, W. Schweissen und Schneiden, 27 (1975),

374.

STATE OF THE ART AND EXPECTED FURTHER DEVELOPMENTS IN WELDING AND

BRAZING OF TUNGSTEN AND TUNGSTEN-BEARING MATERIALS.

Bobrov, G.D. Svar. Proizvod, 8 (1974), 23.

HARDENING OF SPRAYED COATINGS BY BRAZING.

The possibilities of brazing flame sprayed W and WC coatings deposited

on components subjected to intensive wear was investigated.

Kalinin, M.M. Radiats Tekh., 8 (1972)), 88.

TECHNOLOGY OF SOLDERING JOINT0 IN NUCLEAR BATTERIES.

Soldering of container metals for nuclear batteries was studied with

particular emphasis on W alloys.

- 157 -

46. TUNGSTEN CARBIDE

Shekhov, V.B. Svar. Proizvod, 2 (1978), 30.

FEATURES OF THE BRAZING OF FLAME-SPRAYED TUNGSTEN CARBIDE COATINGS.

The flow of a brazing alloy into discontinuities in flame sprayed MC

were investigated. The max. depth of penetration was calculated and

experimentally determined.

Bobrov, G.D. Svar. Proizvod, 8 (1974), 23.

HARDENING OF SPRAYED COATINGS BY BRAZING.

The possibility of brazing flame sprayed W and WC coatings deposited

on components subjected to intense wear was investigated.

Bobrov. G.V. Weld. Prod., _I9 (1972), 31.

IMPROVED SPRAYED WEAR RESISTANCE COATING BY SUBSEQUENT VACUUM BRAZING.

Brazing of WC and W-C with copper is described.

Jazwinski, S.T. Pr. Kom. Ceram. Ceram. Pol. Akad.

Nauk., 21 (1974), 277.

DESIGN OF AN INFILTRATION ALLOY BY POWDER METALLURGY.

The puipose of the investigation was to design an infiltration alloy

with controllable hardness, m.p. < 1000 C and which wets WC and C

steel easily.

46.1 Tungsten carbide-steels

Yoshida,, T. Nagoys- sh*» Kogyo Kenkyusho Kenkuer

Hokoku, 8. (1972), 36.

METALLURGY OF BONDING IN COPPER BRAZED JOINTS.

In brazing tungsten carbide to mild steel, metallurgical investigations

are presented on properties of the WC-steel interface through a copper

layer.

- 158 -

47. URANIUM ALLOYf

Turner. P.W. Y-DA-5333, (1973).

JOINING OF URANIUM ALLOYS.

"fne technology for joining U alloys contg. < 10 wtZ solute is reviewed.

- 159 -

48. ZIRCONIUM

Lopmanov, S.N. Sprav. Paike, (1975), 251.




hard alloys, cast iron, Cu, N, Ti, Mo, W, Zr, Ta, Be, Al and their

alloys and Mg alloys. Fluxes, solder and surface preparation and


Holt, R.A. Fourth Interamerican Conf. Materials

Techn., Caracas, (1975), 329.

THE ROLE OF ZIRCONIUM ALLOY METALLURGY IN THE FABRICATION OF CANDU FUEL.

Hardy. D.C. Tr. A.N.S., Jj> (1974), 122.

THE PERFORMANCE,,STRENGTH AND CORROSION RESISTANCE OF BRAZED JOINTS ON

CANDU FUEL ELEMENTS.

The properties of brazed joints in zirconium alloys are presented.

Perez. M. Mater. Techn., 1 (1971), 14.

TECHNIQUES ASSOCIATED WITH THE USE OF SPECIAL METALS. II ZIRCONIUM.

Discussed are joining techniques, including brazing.

Belicigi_M. D.V.S. 3ericht2: Schweissen in der

Kerntechnik, (1974), Bd32, p 97.

VACUUM BRAZING OF ZIRCALOY 4 SPACERS FOR NUCLEAR POWER PLANT ATUCHA.

- 160 -

49. GENERAL

No author Schweissen und Schneiden, 30_ (1978),

460.

INTERNATIONAL LAZING AND SOLDERING CONFERENCE NEW ORLEANS, 1978.

Papers presented at the international brazing and soldering conference

are suomerized.

Okamoto, J. Tr. Japan Weld. Res., !5 (1976), 151.

FLOW OF BRAZING FILLER METAL AND FLUX.

Experiments on the flow of silver brazing alloy on stainless steel are

described.

Helta, H. Schweisstechnik (Wien),28 (1976),

144.

BRAZING, GENERAL RULES FOR DESIGN.

Dgttman, B. Schweisstechnik (Berlin), 26 (1976),

573.

BRAZING IN A PROTECTIVE ATMOSPHERE.

A summary of a thesis is presented.

Ü£ïï9Ê2222¥.i.JLNt Svar. Proizvod, 1_ (1978), 22.

THE EFFECT OF ADDITIONS OF MN AND AG ON THE EVAPORATION OF CU-CE

BRAZING ALLOYS.

w°Ilt_!L:L Metallverarbeitung, 27 (1973), 1.

ADDITIVE MATERIAL IN SOLDERING TECHNIQUE AND ITS STANDARD POSSIBILITY.

Information content of German Standards 14,907 and 14,908 is given.

«JUTEËSSX-WJ. Der Praktiker, £ (1978), 182.

BRAZING IN SPACE- AND AIRCRAFT INDUSTRY.

The possibilities of brazing are given.

YjïQ_dêE_.Sluisi_HiHi Nederlands Instituut voor Lastechniek,

Den Haag, (1978).

USERSHANDBOOK BRAZING ALLOYS.

Described are the corrosion and the spreading properties of twelve brazing

alloys. For the investigation, 111 base metal or base metal combinations

are used. Results are presented in tabular form.

- 161 -

E2i*ë*_£i Der Praktiker, 2 0977), 116.

CONCERNING FURNACE MAZING USING PROTECTIVE GASES.

Described is brazing in furnaces using NH, as protective gas.

Advantages and disadvantages are described.

Kinzel. J. Der Praktiker, _7 (1977), 118.

CRITERIA FOR SELECTING BRAZING ALLOYS AND FLUXES.

Described are properties and applications of brazing alloys and

fluxes.

McNeill, W.P. Weld. J., '^ (1978), 32.

NICKEL BRAZING HONEYCOMB FOR AIRCRAFT GAS TURBINE ENGINES.

Special techniques for brazing engine parts are described.

Peaslee, R.L. Ind. Heat., 45 (1978), 22.

VACUUM FURNACE BRAZING FOR REPAIR OF JET ENGINE PARTS.

The use of brazing to repair damaged jet engine parts is described.

De Christofara, N. Weld. J., 57 (1978), 33.

METGLAS BRAZING FOIL.

The use of metallic glass foil in brazing is compared with excisting

braze filler metals.

?®Ë£Sk225i_5i Lastechnik, 44 (1978), 40.

VACUUM BRAZING.

The vacuum brazing process is described with details on equipment-,

quality control, joint properties and application examples.

van^Schaik^T. Lastechnik, 44 (1978), 35.

HIGH IEMPERATURE BRAZING OF "HOT" GAS TURBINE COMPONENTS.

High temperature brazing of alloys subjected to high temperatures is

considered.

- 162 -

BüSêiJL Weld* News» 1 (1977), 8.

THE EFFECT OF THE GAP ON THE STRENGTH OF BRAZED JOINTS IN ALLOYED

STEELS.

The effect of gap width on tensile and shear strength of brazed

joints is investigated.

Hiorlbut^RjA^ SME Techn. Paper, no. MR 77-957,

1977.

FIXTURING FOR BRAZING AUTOMATION.

Fixturing parts to be brazed is described.

Kearns2_W.H. Welding Handbook, (1973), 7th ed.,

V2.

WELDING PROCESSES. ARC AND GASWELDING AND CUTTING, BRAZING AND

SOLDERING.

Y5S_ëê_ï2EI£i_5i Lastechnik, 44 (1978), 19.

PUCE AND IMPORTANCE OF HIGH TEMPERATURE SOLDERING.

High temperature flame, induction and furnace soldering at 900-1250 C

are discussed.

The economics and status of the process in the Netherlands and else

where are examined.

Bernsdorfj^Gi Schweisstechnik, 27_ (1977), 504.

LOAD-CARRYING CAPACITY AND CALCULATION OF STATICALLY LOADED BRAZED AND

SOLDERED JOINTS.

No_author American Welding Soc, (1976).

BRAZING MANUAL THIRD EDITION, REVISED.

Various brazing techniques are reviewed.

Zwingmann^G^ Gold Bull., 21 (1978), 9.

LOW MELTING CARAT GOLD BRAZING ALLOYS FOR JEWELLERY MANUFACTURE.

The possibility of developing 18-, 14-, or 8 carat Cd-free brazing

alloys with a working temp, of 400-600 C was studied.

- 163 -

Beckert^M^ VEB Verlag Technik; Berlin, (1973),

2nd ed., 224 pp.

PRINCIPLES OF WELDING TECHNOLOGY: SOLDERING.

?ËiIHSi2i_IiIi Sprav. Paike, (1975), 7.

PHYSIOCHEMICAL BASES OF SOLDERING.

A review is given with 57 refs. considering the formation of a

soldered joint.

ÊJêEbsleb^G^ Werkstoff und Korrosion, 8_ (1977),

145.

LOTBRÜCHIGHEIT HOCHLEGIERTE STXHLE.

Investigated are the liquid metal embrittlement of Cr-Ni steels brazed

with Cu-base alloys.

Jürgens^W^ Der Praktiker, £ (1978), 182.

BRAZING IN THE AIRCRAFT- AND SPACE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY.

Brazing in aircraft and space industry is outlined and examples are

given.

SasabeA_K. Trans. Natl. Res. Inst. Metals

(Tokyo), 20 (1975), 178.

DEFORMATION MECHANISM OF FILLER METAL AT BRAZED JOINTS.

The deformation mechanism of filler metals at brazed joints is discussed

in term of the dislocation theory.

Kiecker^JLE. Der Praktiker, T_ (1975), 116.

HERSTELLEN VON SCHALTSTÜCKEN DURCH LÖTEN MIT NIEDRIGSCHMELZENDEN SILBER

HALTIGEN HARTLÖTEN. TEIL I.

Einfluss der löttemperatur und der spaltbreite auf die lötnachtqualitat.

52J22i_3i D e r Praktiker, T_ (1975), 114.

HARTLÖTEN - ALLGEMEINE REGELN FUR KONSTRUCTION UND FERTIGUNG.

Kucher^JLEi Der Praktiker, 8 (1975), 134.

HERSTELLEN VON SCHALTSTÜCHEN DURCH LÖTEN MIT NIEDRIGSCHMELZENDEN

SILBERHALTIGEN HARLÖTEN. TEIL II

Urtersuchung der rauheit des vorspanndruckes und der lötzeit beim hartlöten.

- 164 -

Mahler^W^ Metall, 21 (1977), 971.

CONTRIBUTION TO THE PROBLEM OF SEA WATER RESISTANCE OF HARD SOLDERED

JOINTS: DESINCIFICATIONS CORROSION.

Effect of nickel to silver brazing alloys to stop dezincification in

seavater is described.

Nagelx_G. Galvanotechnik, 69 (1978), 284.

ELECTROPLATING AS A MANUFACTURING PROCESS: REQUIREMENTS OF THE ENGINEER.

The use of chemically deposited Ni as an intermediate coating in

vacuum brazing is described.

No_author Disseratatie TH

Karl Marx Studt. (1976),

Publ: Schweissen und Schneiden,

29_ (1977), 68.

BEITRAG ZUR ENTWICKLUNG VON IM TEMPERATURPEREICH 300-600°C SCHMELZDEN

LOTEN UNTER BESONDERER BERÜCKSICHTIGUNG VON L^TEN AUF CADMIUM-ZINK-

SILBER BASIS.

Dent^HjCi Kinzoku, 42 (1972), 78.

HEAT TREATMENT VACUUM SOLDERING AS AN INDUSTRIAL TECHNIQUE.

A review is given with no refs.

Bud2_Pi:J. Weld. J., 53 (1974), 79.

WAVESOLDERING AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURES.

A review is given with 11 refs. on wave soldering at 650-850 F.

M i l l e r ^ F ^ Weld. Des. Fabr., 50 (1977), 87.

HOW TO CHOOSE NI-BASE FILLER METALS FOR VACUUM BRAZING.

Parameters to consider when selecting Ni-base filler alloys for

vacuum brazing are discussed.

Lashko^^^F^ Saratov Univ., Saratov, USSR,

( 973).

PROBLEMS OF THE THEORY AND TECHNOLOGY OF SOLDERING.

- 165 -

Novosadov, C^S. Sprav. Paike, (1975), 47.

SOLDERING METHODS.

Characteristics of metal soldering are reviewed with 25 references.

The contact-reactive, reactive-flux, diffusion, noncapillery and

composite solderings are discussed.

Lotsmanoy1^S..N. Sprav. Paike, (1975), 251.

TECHNOLOGY PROCESS OF SOLDERING.

A review is given with 21 refs. of the soldering of C, low alloy,

stainless and heat resistant steels and alloys, tool steels, powder

metallurgy hard alloys, cast iron, Cu, Ni, Ti, Mo, W, Zr, Ta, Be, Al

and their alloys and Mg alloys. Fluxes, solders surface prep, and


WolfA_Hans;;Jurgen ZIS-Mit., J2 (1977), 485.

QUALITY ASSURANCE IN BRAZING AND SOLDERING: DEFECTS AND SOURCES OF

DEFECTS.

èlllïSfli-^HESËS A.S.M. Materials Conf. paper,

no. 27, Metals Park, (1977).

PROPERTIES OF NEW ALUMINIUM ALLOY 3008.

Description of the properties of aluminium alloy 3008 for brazing is

given.

Deyelay^R. Tech. Ing., (1977) (m69), 1.

PROPERTIES OF ALUMINIUM AND OF DROUGHT ALUMINIUM ALLOYS.

General aricle on the properties of Aluminium alloys, including the

brazing of Aluminium.

FilloniJl. Formage Trait. Métaux, 84 (1977),

69.

BRAZING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS.

General article on brazing and brazing methods as well as on energy

and material costs in brazing.

- 166 -

Lugschneider, E. Weld. J., 56 (1977), 319s.

INVESTIGATIONS ON THE CAPILLARY FLOW OF BRAZING FILLER METAL BNI 5.

Using the model of parallel plates and the general Laplace approach,

the theoretical capillary height (H) in brazing vertical triangular

gaps and tube-tube geometries np to a limiting angle can be

calculated.

No author. Ind. Heat., 44 (1977), 10.

C0NTINI0US VACUUM FURNACE INSTALLED IN ENGLAND FOR VACUUM BRAZING OF

ALUMINIUM HEAT EXCHANGERS.

Siewert, T.A. Weld. J., 56 (1977), 291s.

THE SKYLAB BRAZING EXPERIMENT.

Four specimens processed aboard Skylab in June 1973 have been

compared to identical samples processed on earth under conditions du

plicating as much as possible those of the skylab

gravitational field.

Some striking differences are detailed along with results indicating

a higher quality joint is produced in a zero gravity condition.

Boroysky^fL Schweisstechnik, 27 (1977), 71.

OCCUPATIONAL HYGIENE IN BRAZING AND SOLDERING.

Maximum allowable concentrations and measured values are given for the

various constituents of fumes generated during brazing and soldering.

No author. Weld. J., 55 (1976), 725.

SUMMARY Or THE WORKSHOP ON FILLER METALS AND SOLDERS.

No author. Ind. Heat, 44 (1977), 22.

VACUUM HEAT TREATING AND BRAZING WITH NEW FURNACE INSTALLATION AT

BOEING.

Description is given and the advantages are outlined of a new vacuum

furnace used at Boeing for heat treatment and brazing,

Charlier^Ji ATB Métall., \T_ (1977), 1.

WELDING OF NON-FERROUS METALS.

The welding and brazing of non-ferrous metals are reviewed.

- 167 -

Boughton, J.D. Weld. Metal. Fabr., 45 (1977), 239.

DEVELOPMENTS IN BRAZING ALLOYS USED IN ROCK DRILL MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY.

BarsukoyÂjV^ Svar. Proizvod, 6 (1977). 7.

CALCULATION OF THE TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION IN STEEL-PLATE-HEAT-

EXCHANGERS WITH HIGH TEMPERATURE FURNACE BRAZING.

Betzt_R.O. Iron Age Metalworking Int.,

_5 (1977), 21.

ENERGY BEAM GETS INTO METALS.

A high-pressure radiofrequency discharge plasma conducts and focuses

radiofrequency energy which can be used to braze, fission weld a wide

range of ferrous, nonferrous and ceramic materials.

Briekoi_M.W. Annual assembly Insitute of

welding, London, (1977),

paper 18 (preprint).

THE NONDESTRUCTIVE TESTING OF BRAZED JOINTS.

Brazed joints in 304 stainless steel were tested nondestructively by

X-ray radiography, neutron radiography and ultrasonic inspection- The

ultrasonic method is °lightly preferable.

Nagel, D. D.V.S. ber., 38 (1975), 164.

EFFECT OF DEFECTS IN THE BRAZED SEAM ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF HIGH

TEMPERATURE BRAZED JOINTS.

Mech. and phys. tests on the brazed seam are reported.

E2I5lyS2i_!L?.i J» H e a t Transfer, 94 (1972), 273.

EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUE FOR DETERMINING THE DIFFUSION EFFECT OF BRAZE

MATERIAL ON THE THERMAL CONDUCTANCE OF THIN COPPER FINS.

Uetij^FL Rev. Fac. Odontol. Unv. San Paulo,

\± (1973), 209.

GOLD BRAZING ALLOYS. Ill PHYSICAL PROPERTIES.

Fusion range, brinell hardness and casting shrinkage wer. latermined.

- 168 -

Sloboda^MjH^ Gold Bull., 4 (1971), 2.

INDUSTRIAL GOLD BRAZING ALLOYS. THEIR PRESENT AND FUTURE USEFULLNESS.

Emphasis is placed on Au-Ni and Au-Cu alloys. Properties are reported.

Zimmerman, K.F. Gold Bull., 7 (1974), 42.

PROPERTIES OF GOLD-NICKEL ALLOY BRAZED JOINTS IN HICH TEMPERATURE

MATERIALS.

Mechanical properties of joints brazed with Gold-Nickel alloy are reported.

Kuza, V. D.V.S. ber., 38 (1975), 169.

HEAT RESISTANCE AND HIGH TEMPERATURE STABILITY PROPERTIES OF NICKEL-

BASED BRAZES.

Chem. phys. and mech. properties were determined.

Lugschneiderî D.V.S. ber., _38 (1975), 68.

STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF Ni-Cr-B-Si- ALLOYS.

§£°E£lSêii_£iïi Khim Neft Mackinostr.,

SPREADING OF SOLDER ON A METAL SURFACE IN A FLUST MELT.

An apparatus for determining the spreading of an Al-based brazing alley

on a metal surface is described.

Romer, J.C. ECN-78-107, (1978)

FUNDAMENTAL ASPECTS OF HIGH-TEMPERATURE BRAZING: A LITERATURE SURVEY.

A literature survey was made with regard to the fundamental aspects

of high temperature brazing such as wetting, spreading, filling the

joint.

Römer^jLjC^ RCN-75-024, (1975).

BRAZING 1966 - 1972.

A compilation is presented on available literature on brazing and

soldering, covering 5 years.

No_author. Metalwk. Prod., J_13 (1975), 83.

MACHINES TAKE OVER ON BRAZING FRONT.

Review of the 1973 autumn conference of the British assoc. for brazing

and soldering.

- 169 -

Nc author. Weld.Eng., 59 (1974), 13.

THE FUNDAMENTAJS OF BRAZING DESIGN.

The scccesful brazing of two metals depends largely on the mechanical

design of the assembly. A brief description of the parameters is given.

Lugschneider^ E. D.V.S. Ber., 38 (1975), 63.

CALCULATION OF CONCENTRATION-DEPENDENT DIFFUSION COEFFICIENTS IN HIGH-

TEMPERATURE SOLDER SYSTEMS SUCH AS Ni-Cr-Si ALLOYS.

Niesse, Th. Metall, 8 (1974), 1026.

PROPERTIES AND APPLICATIONS OF PRECIOUS METAL CONTAINING BRAZING METALS.

A review with 10 refs is given on com. Ag brazing alloys

Steffens, H.D. Schweissen und Schneiden, 25^ (1973),

166.

ANWENDUNG DER MACROKINEMATOGRAFIE ZUR UNTERSUCHUNG DES VERFORMUNGS-

VERHALTEN VON HOCHTEMPERATUR-LoTVERBINDUNGEN.

William^G^ Weld. J., _52 (1973), 640.

INCREASED PRODUCTIVITY THROUGH BRAZING AUTOMATION.

Some economics aspects of automated brazing are presented.

Rubel^ W. Schweissen und Schneiden, 25_

(1973), 310.

LÖTTECHNISCHE TAGUNG 1973 IN FREIBERG / SAALE.

Presented is a summary of papers on mechanized brazing and the progress

in brazing technology.

No_author. Schweissen und Schneiden, ^5

(1973), 232.

FIRST BRAZING CONFERENCE LONDON 1972.

A summary is presented on papers submitted to the first international

brazing conference.

- 170 -

No_authqr- Welding in the world, J2 (1973), 179.

MECHANICAL TESTING METHODS FOR ASSEMBLIES MADE WITH SOFT SOLDERS AND

BRAZING ALLOYS.

Tests and interpreting tests results are presented.

Allier, F. Der Praktiker, 2 (1977), 154.

ABOUT BRAZING OF STIRLING ENGINES.

Brazing operations carried out in fabrication of Stirling engines are

described.

Boughton, I.D. Weld. Met. Fabr., 45 (1977), 239.

DEVELOPMENTS IN BRAZING ALLOYS USED IN THE ROCK DRILL MANUFACTURING

INDUSTRY.

wg£S9Qi.!J•!?•*?• Weld. Met. Fabr., 44_ (1976), 491.

FLUID TIGHT JOINTS FOR EXACTING APPLICATIONS.

Fluid tight joints made by brazing for vacuum tight systems are described.

Thwaites^C.I. Weld. Met. Fabr., 45 (1977), 52.

SOME EFFECTS OF SOLDER JOINT GEOMETRY ON MECHANICAL STRENGTH.

Methods for making reproducibly different solder joints are described.

Timmins^PjF^ Weld. Mat. Fabr., 45 (1977), 51.

SOLUTIONS TO THE PROBLEM OF CADMIUM FUME EVALUATION IN TORCH BRAZING.

Two methods of fume tneasureir>ents are described.

tÊlllliÊHË£iJ?i D.V.S. Berichte: Schweissen in der

Kerntechnik, (1974), Bd.32, 315.

DEVELOPMENT OF EQUIPMENT AND METHODS FOR TYPICAL JOINING METHODS IN

NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY.

The use of Ni base brazing alloys in irradiation experiments is described.

Evans^JLMi MCIC 73-13 (1973).

ADVANCES IN JOINING TECHNOLOGY - THE '60's AND BEYOND.

brazing developments are concentrated on applications of superalloys,

refractory metals, Ti and Aluminium.

- 171 -

JjrboCjJLIL BDX-613-I706, (1977).

SOLDERABILITY TEST DEVELOPMENT. FINAL REPORT.

Description is given of an apparatus which provides information on a

means of directly correlating solderability with the physical phenom

enon of vetting.

Singleton, O.R. International conference on Aluminium

Industrial products,Pittsburg, (1973).

ALUMINIUM VACUUM BRAZING.

The paper highlights the more important aspects of commercial vacuum

brazing with Mg-containing brazing alloys.

No author Deutscher Verlag fur Schweisstechnik,

Düsseldorf, (1976).

LOTEN UND SCHWEISSEN IN DER ELECTRONIK.

Vortrage des Internationalen kolloquiums Loten und Schweissen in der

Electronik, München 25-25 November 1976.

Ggostein, N.A. A.S.T.M. J. of Testing Eval., J

(1973), 183.

TECHNOLOGICAL APPLICATION OF AUGER ELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY.

A brief review of the principles of Auger Electron Spectroscopy (AES)

is given together with applications such as by vacuum brazing of

Aluminium alloys.

l2HS!l£2SA_Ji9i Weld. Met. Fabrication, 4]^ (1973),

120.

FURNACE BRAZING. Pt 2. A SURVEY OF MODERN PROCESSES AND PLANTS.

No_author Mat. Eng., 21 (1973), 60.

JOINING PROCESSES FOR ALUMINIUM REDUCE POLLUTION, CUT COSTS.

Nonpolluting ultrasonic fluxless soldering and vacuum brazing methods

are described.

- 172 -

ArchboldÊ. Paper from "the Engineering uses of

coherent Optics".

Cambridge; university Press, (1976),

59.

THE HISTORY OF A HOLOGRAPHIC N.D.T. PROCEDURE.

Holographic interferosietry is being used to nondestructively test light

weight Aluminium brazed laminated panels for areas of delamination. The

development of the test procedure is described.

Zhukov, V.V. Autom. Svarka, ~l_ (1977), 58.

ELECTRICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF BRAZED JOINTS BETWEEN AN IN

SULATED WIRE AND THE CONTACT AREA OF A PRINTED PLATE FOR VARIOUS

BRAZING CONDITIONS.

Bauer, R. Schweissen und Schneiden, 29_ (1977),

253.

BRAZING IN A VACUUM FURNACE - FUNDAMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS AND EXAMPLES

OF APPLICATION.

The fundamental problems associated with the process, the physical-

chemical processes involved, design and construction and mode of

operation of the vacuum furnace is discussed.

RobertSx-fiM. Sheet Metal Ind., 54 (1977), 442.

AN INTRODUCTION TO MECHANIZED BRAZING.

Ferguson, T.K. Am. Mach., 2^ (1977), 87.

AJM ing (ABRASIVE JET MACHINING) BRAZE SPATTER.

A technique for the removal of braze spatter from small cavities is

described.

de_Raadi_JiA1 Schweissen und Schneiden, 28_ (1976),

139.

ULTRASONIC TESTING OF BRAZED JOINTS BETWEEN TUBES AND TUBE SHEETS OF

HEAT EXCHANGERS.

A method of ultrasonic testing these joints is described. 2

Lack of fusion defects of I mm size can still be detected.

- 173 -

Harrisgn1_C.C.S. Eng. Mater. Design, 2£ (1976), 30.

VACUUM BRAZING.

The advantages of vacuum brazing compared with normal furnace brazing

are described.

5Z?§£i_Ycii Svar. Proizvod, 6 (1976), 36.

THE WETTING OF STEELS BY BRAZING ALLOYS DURING HEATING IN "AUTOVACUUM".

Bronson^HJK New Developments in Tool materials

and application, Chicago, (1977), 11.

SMALL QUANTITY CARBIDE/STEEL ASSEMBLIES.

Methods of assembly discussed for carbides to steel includes brazing.

No author Ind. Heat., 44 (1977), 26.

SOLID STATE INDUCTION HEATING REDUCES ENERGY CONSUMPTION.

Solid state induction heating equipment, with applications to brazing,

soldering is discussed.

Zhukov^V.V^ Svar. Proizvod, _5 (1976), 22.

THE BRAZING OF PRINTED CIRCUITS.

Formulae are given for the calculation of the rate of movement of the

brazing alloy when pressure is acting on the plate.

j>êE£222y.ii_l!?iAi Svar. Proizvod, 4 (1976), 33,

A PASTE FOR HIGH TEMPERATURE METALLIZATION OF SAPPHIRE (FOR BRAZING).

The composition and properties of a paste for metallization of Sapphire

is given.

Velitskii^L^P. Autom. Svarka, J (1976), 66.

INDUCTION BRAZING OF BICYCLE-FRAME PARTS IN AN ACTIVE GAS MEDIUM.

The merits of inductive brazing in the production of bicycle frames are

discussed.

HochtjJ/. Schweisstechnik, 26 (1976), '37.

THE ZIS 787 BICYCLE FRAME BRAZING MACHINE,

A description of the machine and the brazing procedure is given.

- 174 -

NaumannA_E. ZIS Mit., \f± (1976), 833.

MATERIAL RESEARCH AND THE WORKING OF MATERIALS IN SPACE STATIONS.

Brief details are given of experiments, including brazing experiments,

carried out on board Soviet and American space craft.

Rubel^W^ Schweisstechnik, 26 (1976), 443.

ADVANTAGES OF DESIGN CHANGES (OF THE COMPONENTS TO BE JOINED) IN

MECHANIZED INERT-GAS FURNACE BRAZING.

An example is given of redesigning a part to take advantage of the

properties of furnace brazing.

Peter^JLJ^ Schweisstechnik, £6 (1976), 434.

POSSIBILITIES FOR THE MECHANIZATION AND AUTOMATION OF H.F. INDUCTION

BRAZING AND SOLDERING.

PeterxJl.Ji Schweisstechnik, 25 (1975), 296.

JOINING BY MEANS OF H.F. INDUCTION HEATING.

5§£§£§!iSY.r_AiL. Svar. Proizvod, l_ (1976), 25.

INTERACTION OF SILVER WITH STEEL DURING BRAZING.

The effect of flux, gas medium, alloying elements, temperature and

duration of contact on wetting steel by molten Ag was investigated.

JanssenjJP^ Bander-Blecke-Rohre, YT_ (1976), 103.

HARD SOLDERING WITH A SPOT WELDING MACHINE.

5i_ïï§êIi!Sê£iïi2ê_522i PMA1 News Letter, 2 (1975), 7.

NICKEL-BASE BRAZING ALLOY POWDERS FOR HIGH-TEMPERATURE APPLICATIONS.

Shape and size characteristics of powder-metallurgical Ni-base brazing

powders were studied as a function of composition.

KfiSSSS-ilüiiSYiS Compil. Res. Work Weld. Res. Inst.

Bratislava, (1974), 77.

KINETICS OF ACTIVE PROPERTIES OF BRAZING FLUXES.

The use of thermal analyses to study the changes of physical and chemical

properties of brazing alloys and fluxes is described.

- 175 -

Day, W.D. Weld. J., 55 (1976), 872.

POSTBRAZE CLEANING OF SILVER BRAZED JOINTS.

Knotek, 0. Weld. J., _55 (1976), 314s.

BRAZING FILLER METALS BASED ON REACTING NI-CR-B-SI ALLOYS.

Developments of brazing alloys containing elements liquid at reacting

during brazing is described.

Schillinger, D.E. Weld. J., 55 (1976), 302s.

EFFECT OF FLUXES ON STEEL JOINTS BRAZED WITH SILVER BASE FILLER METALS,

An extensive comparison of American and Russian fluxes was conducted

using BAG-I filler metal, 4340 steel and induction brazing.

Sheward, G.E. Weld, J., 55 (1976), 285s.

DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF A NI-CR-P BRAZING FILLER METAL.

The brazing characteristics of the filler metal and the mechanical

and corrosion properties are described.

Peaslee, R.L. Weld. J., 55 (1976), 850.

THE BRAZING TEST SPECIMEN - WHICH ONE.

A review of history of test specimen, particulary shear type is presented.

Noauthor. Met. Constr., li (1976), 14.

BRAZING AND SOLDERING CONFERENCE.

Short summaries are presented of the papers at the second International

Conference on Brazing and Soldering.

Thpma^WjJi Hart.-Techn. Mitt., 30 (1975), 170.

VACUUM FURNACE FOR HARDENING, TEMPERING AND BRAZING: ITS CONSTRUCTION

AND POSSIBILITIES.

A brief state of the art report on cooling media and techniques in

vacuum heat treatment furnaces is given.

- 176 -

VittkeÎUL Autom. Svarka, £ (1975), 31.

MATERIALS MODELLING TO STUDY THE KINETICS OF FORMATION OF BRAZED JOINTS.

Materials modelling was employed to study brazing, in particular the

kinetics of joints formation during normal and diffusion brazing.

PokhodnYaÎJC^ Scanning Electron Microscopy, (1976),

763.

OBSERVATIONS OF SOLID/LIQUID INTERFACE BY SEM.

Bresciani^J^ Welding (Soldagem), (1975), 65.

WELDING, BRAZE WELDING AND SOLDERING.

The principles of brazing,bra*.c welding and soldering are presented.

3i££SSSSj_2i Schweisstechnik, 26 (1976), 80.

FRICTION BRAZING - AN ALTERNATIVE TO FRICTION WELDING.

Thirkettlei_RtH:i Proc. Internat. Conf. on exploiting

weld:ng in Production Technology,

London, (K"?5), 162.

VACUUM BRAZING IN CONJUNCTION WITH IMPROVED JOINING TECHNIQUES REDUCES

PRODUCTS COSTS AND INCREASES PRODUCTIVITY.

Piïi^SS3êIi_2i5i SMf Techn. Paper No AD 75-853,

(1973).

AN ADIABATIC SURFACE THERMOMETER FOR IMPROVED PRODUCTION BRAZE QUALITY.

An adiabatic surface thermometer was developed to control automatically

the critical temp. - time cycle of a production vacuum brazing process.

Walkerz_D1Ei SME Techn. Paper No AD 75-860,

(1975).

BRAZED THERMOCOUPLE PASS-THROUGH FOR SODIUM SERVICE IN A LIQUID METAL

. JOLED FAST BREEDER REACTOR.

StorchavÊ.Ii Svar. Proizvod, b_ (1975), 45.

THE USE OF OHMIC-CAPACITANCE METHOD FOR INVESTIGATING FLUXING (IN BRAZING).

- 177 -

^koloev^G.A. Sprav. Paike, (1975), 321.

STABILITY AND DESIGNING OF SOLDERED JOINTS.

Soldering and brazed joints in alloys are reviewed with 13 refs.

Rubel^W^ Schweisstechnik (Berlin), 25 (1975),

100.

MODERN BRAZING.

A review article is presented on automated brazing.

Mehlhorn^H. Schweisstechnik (Berlin), 25 (1975),

176.

LIGHT BEAM BRAZING AND WELDING - A MODERN TECHNIQUE FOR SMALL PARTS.

The procedure and requirements are outlined.

Dittinanj,_B. Schweisstechnik, ^5 (1976), 342.

HEATING BY BRAZING WITH PROTECTIVE ATMOSPHERE IN FURNACES.

To improve the efficiency in furnace brazing the heati ig process is

described and investigated for mass production.

£SÜ££iJL Schweisstechnik, 25_ (1976), 346.

HIGH MELTING BRAZING ALLOYS OF CD-ZN-AG ALLOYS.

Properties of brazing alloys on basis of Cd-Zn-Ag are outlined.

?i35Ê25ISj._Ki!!i Weld. Met. Fabrication, 4_ (1976),

58.

FACTORS AFFECTING THE SELECTION OF A MECHANIZED BRAZING SYSTEM. PART 2 -

HEATING PART REMOVAL AND BRAZE MATERIAL APPLICATION.

§iïSÏiSi_5iAi Svar. Proizvod, j> (1975), 29.

ESTIMATING THE TENDENCY OF MELTS OF COPPER ALLOYS TO PENETRATE STEELS.

A method for the estimation of the tendency of surface-active melts

of Cu-alloys to penetrate steels is presented.

No_author Sheet Metal Ind. Year book, 1974-1975,

(J975), 179.

JOINING SHEET METAL.

Detailed descriptions are given of various aspects of soldering, brazing

and welding.

- 178 -

?i55ei5§SSA_KiEi Weld. Met. Fabr., 43 (1975), 547.

FACTORS AFFECTING THE SELECTION OF A MECHANIZED BRAZING SYSTEM I -

GENERAL AND THEORETICAL CONSIDERATIONS.

A cost comparison is given for the production of brazed parts. Calcu

lations are made to show how the theoretical output of a brazing machine

can be calculated.

Okomoto^J^ Trans. J.W.R.I., 4j (1975), 119.

STUDIES ON FLUX ACTION ON SILVER BRAZING I - METALLIC CHLORIDES.

The flux action of metallic chlorides on brazing was investigated by

relating the spreadability with BAg-1 or BAg-5 alloy.

Schlegel^H. ZIS Mitt., \1_ (1975), 1062.

TECHNOLOGICAL PROBLEMS IN DIFFUSION BRAZING BY MEANS OF RESISTANCE

HEATING.

The principles and application of this 'eutectic' brazing process are

outlined with specific ref. to the technological factors affecting the

mechanism of joint formation.

Muller^W^ Schweisstechnik (Berlin), 25_ (1975),

346.

HIGH MELTING JOINT CD-ZN-AG BASE BRAZING.

Experiments were conducted to investigate the nrooerties of alloys in a

selected region of the Cd-Zn-Ag system.

Bernsdorf^G^ ZIS Mitt., \J_ (1975), 387.

NEW PROCESS PRINCIPLES IN BRAZING.

In a general survey of common brazing processes, the further development

of existing techniques is discussed.

Winkler^G^ ZIS Mitt., \T_ (1975), 395.

ULTRASONIC AIDS TO SOLDERING.

The use of ultrasonic methods to remove surface impurities and oxide

formations from joining partners in soldering is described.

- 179 -

9£E£ï8zJ*i Z I S Mitt. , H (1975), 387.

MEW BRAZES FOR MASS PRODUCTIONS.

A series of investigations *"-re conducted to develop new low-m.p. brazes,

without Ag in an attempt to «. „ce the costs of hard brazing.

Tengler, B. ZIS iitt., J2 0975)» 367.

RATIONALIZATION AND QUALITY ASSURANCE POSSIBILITIES IN THE BRAZING

OF HARD-METAL (CARBIDE) TIPPED TOOLS.

CheroomorskiiA_M.M^ Svar. Proizvod, 6 (1975), 53.

SEPARATION OF THE METAL OF SEAMS, BRAZED WITH SILVER SOLDERS THROUGH

PICKLING THE BASIC METAL.

Cheraykh, V.I. Svar. Proizvod, _5 (1975), 39.

DETERMI IATION OF THE EFFECT OF OVERLAP STRENGTH ON THE SHEAR STRENGTH

OF BRAZfcD JOINTS.

KohliJf-Hi Sci. Sinter., T_ (1975), 187.

JOINING TECHNIQUES: SOLDERING AND BRAZING.

Soldering and brazing techniques are reviewed.

Rubel^J^ Schweisstechnik (Berlin), 3_ (1975),

100.

MODERN BRAZING TECHNIQUES.

Fluxfree brazing techniques are described.

5ê55iESSêSi_JiEi Weld« J«» 5£ (1975), 330s.

MECHANISMS OF SPREADING AND OXIDE DISPLACEMENT BY BCu~2 BRAZING FILLER

METAL.

tÜËïis!SA_Ii Lastechniek, 4j_ (1975), 111.

ASSESSMENT OF THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF BRAZED JOINTS.

Work on the chemical analysis and physical properties of brazing alloys

wetting of metal, mechanical properties of joints, non-destructive testing

and the associated permissible defects is reported.

- 180 -

Mehlkorn, H. Schweisstechnik, 25_ (1975), 176.

WELDING, BRAZING AND SOLDERING WITH LIGHT BEANS: A MODERN METHOD OF

JOINING SMALL COMPONENTS.

Thesis Univ. Stuttgart, (.972).

Schweissen und Schneider», 26 (1974),

268.

SPANNUNG UND AUSTK. jARBEIT.

Rubel, W. Schweisstechnik, 25 (1975), 100.

MODERN BRAZING METHODS.

The technically and economically most important mechanized brazing

processes for the manufacture of small components are discussed.

Steege, P.T. Lastechniek, 4^ (1975), 39.

OVERCOMING DISTORTION IN FURNACE BRAZING.

The causes of distortion and ways in which it can be avoided are

discussed.

2ïHÏ££l!*DS^Zi_Ai5i Svar. Proizvod, 2 ! (1974), 35.

THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF EP4~'/EP454 and EP454/E1437 ASH (NICKEL)

ALLOY JOINTS BRAZED WITH PZLK-1000.

Lashko, S.V. Svar. Proizvod, JJ_ (1974), 14.

PREVENTING THE OVERFLOW OF BRAZING ALLOY IN THE BRAZING OF INCLINED

PANELS.

&J2Sx_î Schweisstechnik, 24. ('974), 404.

CHARACTERISTIC PROPERTIES OF VACUUM BRAZED JOINTS IN LOW AND HIGH ALLOY

STEELS WITH NI-BASE FILLER METALS.

Experimentally determined properties of Ni base brazing filler (flow

properties and capillarity) are presented.

Strecker, H.

ZUSAMMENHANG ZWISCHEN OBERFLACHEN -

- 181 -

HegE1_H.R. (GEGB Conf. Rep.)

Welding research related to Power

plant, (1975), Southampton (UK), 634.

THE APPLICATION OF FURNACE BRAZING IN POWER PLANTS.

The paper aims to show where brazing may be used in tfc, future.

No_ajjthgr. Weld. Met. Fabr., 42 (1974), 412.

EARLY EVALUATION OF BRAZING. Pt 2. BRAZING TECHNIQUES.

Woodsx_R.A. AWS, 55th Annual meeting Houston,

(1974), 3.

FILLER METAL FLOW IN ALUMINIUM DIP - BRAZING ALLOYS.

Bhattacharga, S.K. Weld. J., 54 (1975), 177.

SOLDERING RECLAIMS CAVITATION ERODED CYLINDER LINERS.

5S2EEi_ïiYi Int« J« Powder Metall., J_l_ (1975),

63.

BRAZING PROBLEMS IN POWDER METALLURGY.

ÏÏÊHEi.Ji N e u e Hütte, J9_ (1974), 760.

TEH PRODUCTION OF GOLD-SILICON BRAZING ALLOY FOIL.

The production of a Gold-silicon brazing alloy sheet is described.

F^Sfkaâstha^R. T ° o 1 a n d A l l jy Steels, T_ (1973),

17.

CHOICE OF BRAZING MATERIALS FOR INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION.

Nikitin^V^M. Svar. Proizvod, 2 (1974), 10.

THE SPREAD OF COPPER (CONTAINING SILVER) SOLDERS OVER THE SURFACE OF

STAINLESS STEEL.

The characteristics of the spread of Ag solders, Cu-Ag, Cu .^-Hn-

Ag over SN4 grade steel were studied t>y metallographic examination.

- 182 -

ThikomyroyaÔÎ^ Poroshkovaya Met., JJ3 (1974), 64.

PRODUCTION AND PROPERTIES OF GALLIUM SOLDERS OF THE GALLIUM-COPPER-TI.

SYSTEM.

The production and properties of Ga solders of the Ga-Cu-Sn system

were studied.

No_author Weld. Eng., 59 (1974), 24.

BRAZING ALLOYS - CHEMICAL REQUIREMENTS.

Chemical compositions are tabulated of some brazing alloys.

ëSÏÊSESSSxJL^s. Weld- Cn5-» 59 (1974), 22.

A KEY TO BRAZING SUCCES.

Different methods for cleaning components to be brazed are described.

No_author Weld. Eng., 5£ (1974), 13.

THE FUNDAMENTALS OF BRAZING DESIGN.

A brief description of the controlling factors and requirements for

reliable brazements is given.

JÊller2onA_rt?i Weld. Eng., 5_9(1974), 9.

DESIGNING FOR BETTER BRAZEMENTS.

NaumannÊ^ ZIS Mit., J£ (1974), 63.

WELDING AND BRAZING WITH SOLAR RAYS.

Welding and brazing experiments on stainless steel and Ti alloys with

the aid of focused solar rays have been reported.

No_author Sound. Techn. Connexes, £8 0974),

62.

METHODS OF TESTS OF STRUCTURES PRODUCED BY SOFT SOLDERING AND BY r\RD

SOLDERING.

Tests described give the characteristics of hard soldered joints in

momentary resistance.

Cqlbus^Ji Gold Bullitin, 7_ (1974), 42.

PROPERTIES OF GOLD/NICKEL ALLOY BRAZED JOINTS IN HIGH TEMPERATURE

MATERIALS,

Literature data are used to summarize the state of the art.

- 183 -

Evans, R.M. MCIC 73-13 (1973), 64 pp.

ADVANCES IN JOINING TECHNOLOGY - THE 60's AND TO).

The report describes the most significant ad .ents in welding and

brazing. Brazing developments are concentrated on application of super

alloys, refractory metals. Ti and Al.

Rossoschinsky, A.A. Schweisstechnik, 23_ (1973), 546.

PROBLEMS IN THE WELDING AND BRAZING OF SILICON SEMICONDUCTOR CRYSTALS.

To lover the heating temperature during welding and brazing eutectic

brazing alloys are used.

Medvedeva, Yu. A. Svar. Proizvod, 2 (1973), 35.

WETTING OF GRAPHITE A2fl> STEEL BY COPPER BRAZING ALLOYS.

Cornoch, W.J. Schweissen und Schneider, 25_ (1973),

245.

BRAZING AND SOLDERING PASTES - A NEW MASS-PRODUCTION METHOD.

The uses of brazing and soldering pastes is reviewed.

Lashko, N.F. Svar. Proizvod, JM (1973), 32.

SEAM FORMATION IN METAL-CERAMIC BRAZING.

Seam formation in metal-ceramic brazing of metals was studied with

special attention to factors determining the quality of the joints.

_i____S______i Weld. Des. Fabr.,47 (I974), 48.

JCTIOtf BRAZING WINS THE LONG RUN.

An evaluation is presented on different heating method in brazing.

5X9eE.L_Y.iIi Svar. Proizvod, Jj^ (1973), 668.

INTERACTION OF MN, CR, TI WITH AIR IN THE CONDITIONS OF AUTOVACUUM

HEATING IN BRAZING.

An investigation was made of the gas-absorbing capacity of powders of

Cr, Mn and Ti in air with regard to the method of heating and brazing.

http://5X9eE.L_Y.iIi

- 184 -

Maronna, G. Schweisstechnik, £ (1973), 406.

WELDING, SOLDERING AND BRAZING PROCESSES FOR SMALL PARTS IN ELECTRONICS.

Roberts, P.M. Weld? 42 (1974), 14.

SOME COPPER BASE BRAZING ALLOYS AND THEIR JSES.

No author Weld. Eng., 59 (1974), 20.

BRAZING ALLOY COMPARISON CHART.

Data sheet. AWS numbers, trade names, compositions and melt and flow

temp, are compared for Ag, Cu, Zn, Cd and Sn brazing alloys.

Naidich, Yu.V. Poroshkovaya Met., _1^ (1973), 40.

ADHESION, WETTABILITY AND FORMATION OF INTERMEDIATE PHASES IN TITANIUM

CONTAINING MELT-OXIDE SYSTEMS.

The wetting of A1_0_ by Cu-Ti and Au-Ti melts was studied.

Fletcher^MjJ^ Eng. Mater. Des., J_7 (1973), 23.

VACUUM BRAZING FIXTURES.

Inconel 600, Inconel D5 Nimonic 75, 310 and 304 stainless steel, graphite,

aluminia and cast Ni alloys are compared *or brazing fixture applications.

KawakatsuÎ^ J. J. pan Inst. Metals., 3]_ (1973),

828.

WETTABILITY OF SILVER BRAZING ALLOY ON C-STEEL.

A study of the wettability of a Ag-Cu alloy on a range of C steels in

different brazing atm. is described.

ï£ichenecherA_W..J. Mach. Des., 45 (1973), 168.

RESISTIVITY OF SILVER BRAZING ALLOYS.

Resistivity vs.temp, measurements were performed on Ag brazing alloy

wires at 20°-500°C.

Williams^G^ Weld. J., 52 (1973), 640.

INCREASED PRODUCTIVITY THROUGH BRAZING AUTOMATION.

- 185 -

Ruo, F. Klcpzig Fachb«r., &± (1973), 33.

DEVELOPMENTS IB L*DUCT1H; UÂTING APPERATUS.

The advantages of ind-ction hcatiug for operations such as surface heating

and brazing are noted.

Chentov, V.P. ivyd? in»». Mir. Sverdlavsfc, 27

(1972), 92.

WETTABILITY OF SOLID SURFACES WITH CU-GE MELTS.

Rubel, W. ZIS K't., 5 (1973), 454.

LOW-MELTING BRAZES AND SOLDERS FOR THE GAS-SHIELDED BRAZING AND SOLDERING

OF COMPONENTS.

The present development of the use of cheap low m.p. fillers in gas

shielded brazing and soldering processes is traced,

Rapsch, M. ZIS Mit., (1973), 438.

BRAZING UNDER PROTECTIVE GAS IN ELECTRIC FURNACES.

The use of endothermic and exothermic protective gases to prevent

the formation of oxide layers on metal surfaces during brazing is

described.

52ISi_Yi Z I S Mit-» 11 ('973), 50.

SELECTION OF JOINING PROCESSES FOR PIPES BY MEANS OF HEURISTIC

METHODS.

The principles involving in the systematic selection of a suitable

joining process for steel pipes of diam. 10-100 mm are discussed.

No_author Weld. World., JJ) (1972), 206.

TENTATIVE CODE OF SYMBOLS FOR FILLER METALS FOR BRAZING AND SOLDERING

ALLOYS.

§2USb£2DA_:L.?.i Weld. Metal. Fabr., t*\_ (1973), 85.

FURNACE BRAZING - A SURVEY OF MODERN PROCESSES AND PLANT.

- 186 -

Martin, L.F. Noyes Data Corp., Park RiJê, NJ.,

(1973), 280 no.

FLUXES, SOLDERS AND WELDING ALLOYS.

This book describes over 170 different processes relating to soldering

brazing and welding alloys and fluxes.

Bauer, R. Der Praktiker, j> (1975), 184.

PRACTICAL APPLICATION OF BRAZING.

Borok, CA. Porosh. Met., 12^ (1972), 77.

STRUCTURE OF POWDERED SOLDERS BASED ON THE NI-CR-SI-FE-BO-C-(MOLYBDENUM)

SYSTEM.

An examination of the structure of specimens sintered under conditions

simulating soldering is presented.

Kiecker, H.E. Der Praktiker, T_ (1973), 144.

UNTERSUCHUNG EINES LICHTSTRAHLERS ZUM HARTLÖTEN.

The use of radiant heat as heat source for brazing is investigated.

Wolf^JLJ. Schwrisstechnik (Berlin), 22 (1972),

367.

UNTERSUCHUNGEN ZUM ERWXRMUNGSVERHALTEN VON ROHR-ROHR-LÖTVERBINDUNGEN

BEI H.F. INDUCTIVER ERWARMUNG.

Richterx_D. Schweisstechnik (Berlin), Th_ (1973),

403.

REFLOWLÖTEN ALS KONTACTIERVERFAHREN ZUM VERBINDEN VON FLACHLEITUNGEN

MIT EBENEN LEITERPLATTm

The principles of reflow brazing are outlined and examples are given.

Kraushaar^Mi Der Praktiker, 9_ (1973), 202.

LÖTMACHINE IM TAKTSYSTEM ZUR AUTOMATISIERUNG VON LÖTPROZESSEN.

A brazingmachine is described.

R»»sert1_Hi Der Praktiker, 9_ (1973), 197.

MECHANIZED BRAZING.

A description is given of mechanized brazing.

- 187 -

Muller^W^ Schweisstechnik, 23 (1973), 158.

DAÜERFESTIGKEIT VON STAHL-SIBERLOGVERBINDUNGEN.

A short survey with graphs on the strength of brazed joints is given.

No author Weld. J., 53 (1974), 640.

SOME GUIDELINES TO AUTOMATED BRAZING.

Some guidelines for automated brazing, especially applying to filler

metals, are presented.

Certig, M. Thesis TH Karl-Marxstadt 1975,

Schweissen und Schneiden, 28 (1976),

20.

BEITRAG ZUR ENTWICKLUNG NIEDRIGSCNMELZENDER EDELMETALLARMEN HARTLÖTEN

FÜR SCHWERMETALLE.

wolfi_H1Ji Thesis TH Karl-Marxstadt, (1975).

BEITRAG ZUR VERBESSERUNG DER WIRTSCHAFTLICHKEIT DES HOCHFREQUENZ-

INDUCTIONSLÖTENS.

ZêSêx-ïLki Schweissen und Schneiden, 26_ (1976),

185.

RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN SOLDERING AND BRAZING IN THE U.K.

52b5i_Si D e r Praktiker, ]_ (1975), 114.

GENERAL RULES FOR BRAZING DESIGN.

IiË£2::ci2E!Slt_£.iEi Electr. Times, U>2_ (1972), 27.

SOLDERING AND BRAZING. II-TOOLS AND METHODS.

Tools for soldering and some brazing operations are described.

Colbus^J. Metall, 26 (1972), 1133.

TENSILE, NOTCH-IMPACT AND IMPACT BENDING TESTS ON BRAZING SOLDERS AND

BRAZED JOINTS AT ROOM TEMPERATURE AND 77°K.

•- 188 -

Eadon-Clarke, C E . Electr. Times, Jj62_ (1972), 31.

SOLDERING AND BRAZING. Pt 1.

Rigautjt P^ Soud. Techn. Connexes, 26 (1972),

357.

BRAZING IN THE MOTOR CAR INDUSTRY.

Brazing methods used in the motor car industry are reviewed.

NeumannÂ^ Berlin, Verlag Technik, (1976), 588 pp.

TABELLENBUCH SCHWEISS- UND LÖTTECHNIK.

Klocki_Hi Deutscher Verlag für Schweisstechnik,

(1977), 163 pp.

SCHWEISSEN UND LÖTEN VON ALUMINIUMWERKSTOFFEN.

ülÊtcher^M^ Welding, 40 (1972), 343.

REPEATABILITY OF CONTROL IN VACUUM BRAZING.

The importance of repeatability of control in vacuum brazing is

outlined and recent advantages in instrumentation outlined.

Borok^BÂ. Poroshkovaya, 5_ (1972), 82.

PRODUCTION OF NI-BASE SOLDER ALLOYS.

Improved techniques for the production of Ni base solder alloys contg.

Cr, Si, Fe and B, with or without Mo, are described.

Tole8x_CiE1 Can. Mach. Metalwork, 83_ (1972),

72.

ALUMINIUM BRAZING FOR HIGH PRODUCTION RATES.

MullerjJk Schweisstechnik, 22. (1972), 409.

PROPERTIES AND USE OF LAG60 SN10 SILVER SOLDER.

2iSSe.SSS2.»_£iLi Schweissen und Schneiden, 24. (1972),

357.

THE STATE AND DEVELOPMENT TRENDS OF BRAZING.

- 189 -

Burnst2_W. Schweissen und Schneiden, 2tf (1972),

346.

THE PRESENT STATE AND DEVELOPMENT TRENDS IN MICROWELDING AND MICRO-

BRAZING.

Tyler, D.E. CDA-ASM Conf. paper 034/2, (1972).

DEVELOPMENT OF A NEW COPPER BASE BRAZING ALLOY.

Roberts, P.M. CDA-ASM Conf. paper 032/2, (1972).

SOME CU-BASE BRAZING ALLOYS AND THEIR USES.

Plumper, B.E.W. Sheet Metal Ind., 49 (1972), 502.

MECHANIZING SOLDERING AND BRAZING OPERATIONS.

Various factors are considered when mechanizing soldering and brazing

operation.

R o b e r t s ^ ^ Sheet Metal Ind., 49 (1972), 494.

BRAZING AND THE SHEET METAL INDUSTRY.

Fundamental aspects of the brazing process as they affect design and

production engineers are discussed.

2fl£i_5i Engineer, 234 ('972), 56.

SOON HOT, SOON COLD, HYDROGEN FILLED FURNACES.

Furnaces for the heat treatment of tools and for sintering or brazing

are described.

Muller^W^ Schweisstechnik, 22 (1972), 67.

PRESENT STATE OF DEVELOPMENT OF SELF-FLUXING BRAZING ALLOYS.

The literature of self-fluxing brazing alloys is reviewed.

Colbus^J. Metcell., 2b_ (1972), 101.

MECHANISM OF THE FORMATION OF FLUX-INDUCTIONS IN BRAZED JOINTS AND

ASSOCIATED PHENOMENA.

ANNUAL BOOK OF ASTM STANDARDS, 1977 - PART 12 CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF

METALS; SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS OF METAL BEARING ORES.

This book contains the test methods for silver solders and other

brazing alloys.

- 190 -

Miller, F.M. Weld. Des. Fabr., 50 (1977), 87.

HOW TO CHOOSE NICKEL-BASE BRAZING FILLER METALS FOR VACUUM BRAZING.

Kawano^JL Weld. J., 56 (1977), 325s.

DEVELOPMENT OF A COMPOSITE BRAZINC WIRE.

Dittman, B. Schweisstechnik, 2]_ (1977), 507.

DETERMINATION OF THE PARAMETERS, BRAZING TIMES AND COSTS IN CONTROLLED

ATMOSPHERE FURNACE BRAZING.

Schweisstechnik, 27 (1977), 504.

PRINCIPLES OF STATICALLY LOADED BRAZED

the most important base metal -

presented.

Hunt, J.W.A. Sheet metal Ind., 54 (1977), 645.

MANUFACTURE OF ELECTRICAL CONTACTS.

The manufacturing processes (included brazing) of electrical contacts

are described.

Manier, W. Metall, 2L (1977), 971.

CONTRIBUTION TO THE PROBLEM OF THE RESISTANCE OF BRAZED JOINTS TO

SEAWATER CORROSION.

CORROSION BY DEZINCIFICATION.

Small amounts of nickel are added to silver brazing alloys. This results

in a more corrosion resistant joint.

Wittke^Ki Schweisstechnik, 27 (i977), 244.

FEATURES OF FISSION WELDING, BRAZING AND SOLDERING.

The processes are examined with respect to their effect on the base

metal.

Ï2Sbi5HSix_§i Natl. Techn. Rep. Matsushita Electr.

Ind., 23 ( ), 323.

AUTOMATIC SOLDERING METHOD BY LIGHT BEAM.

The characteristics of soldering and brazing by light beam are

mentioned.

BernsdorfjtG.

LOAD BEARING CAPACITY AND DESIGN

AND SOLDERED JOINTS.

Data on load bearing capacity of

brazing material combination are

- 191 -

No author Army Materials Technology Conference

series, N4, (1976).

ADVANCES IN JOINING TECHNOLOGY.

Conference serie initiated by Army materials and mechanics research

center.

Chene, J.J. Schweisstech. soudure (Zurich),

67 (1977), 83.

CURRENT STATUS AND FUTURE PROSPECTS OF SPECIAL WELDING TECHNIQUES.

Six special welding techniques and their applications are discussed

and compared including high-temperature brazing.

Roberts, P.M. Sheet metal Ind., 54 (1977), 442.

INTRODUCTION TO MECHANIZED BRAZING.

Factors which determine the brazing technique are described together

with the range and types of mechanized processes available.

Colbus, J. Metall, 21 (1977), 373.

FORMABILITY OF BRAZED JOINTS MADE WITH HIGH TEMPERATURE BRAZING

ALLOYS.

The relation of the microstrurture of assemblies of nickel base alloys,

austenitic stainless steel and ferritic stainless steel and their

formability or toughness was investigated.

Lugschneiderx_EL Weld. J., 56 (1977), 189s.

CALCULATION OF STRENGTH OF SINGLE LAF SHEAR SPECIMEN.

??2S!S2lë5^2i-èi?i W e l d« Prod., 23 (1976), 34.

MECHANIZATION OF DEPOSITION OF BRAZING ALLOY.

A mechanized method of deposition brazing alloy and flux on conical

surfaces to be brazed has been developed.

Schwartz.i^MiMi SME Tech. Paper Ser. AD. no AD

76-280, (1976).

ROHRBOND.

A newly developed technique which combines brazing and diffusion welding

is described with application to honeycomb sandwich structures.

- 192 -

No author 2nd Int. Symp. of the Japanese

Weld. Soc, (1975), sess. 4, 209.

SOLID STATE WELDING.

Papers presented at 4th session includes ultrasonic welding, welding

and brazing articles.

Fairbanks, R.G. Met. Progs., li (1977), 60.

SOLVING FABRICATION PROBLEMS WITH PRECISION FURNACE BRAZING.

More ton, J. Met. Constr., 9_ (1977), 33.

FUME HAZARDS IN WELDING, BRAZING AND SOLDERING.

Tittel^JU Schweisstechnik, 26 (1976), 541.

MULTI-LEAD SOLDERING AND BRAZING.

The application of multilead soldering and brazing in electronics aTe

discussed.

Dittbennegj G^R. Adv. Weld, and Brazing Workshop;

Chicago, (1975), paper AD 75-863),

7 pp.

ADIABATIC SURFACE THERMOMETER FOR IMPROVED PRODUCTION BRAZE QUALITY.

A thermometer for measuring surface temperature during brazing is

described.

5Sl5juiL Iron Age» 111 (1977), 25. NEW ENERGY BEAM HAS MANY METALWORKING FUNCTIONS.

The capabilities of an energy beam in welding, brazing etc. is described.

phoEYiSsJ&iAJLS. Weld. Prod., 22 (1976), 77.

X-RAY CINEMATOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION OF THE KINETICS OF FILLING CAPILLARY

GAPS DURING HIGH-TEMPERATURE BRAZING.

SSfS^SllSYa-A^Fi Weld. Prod., 23 (1976), 35.

INTERACTION BETWEEN SILVER AND STEEL DURING THE PRODUCTION OF JOINTS

BY BRAZE WELDING.

- 193 -

Mohler, J.B. Plant Eng., 30 (1976), 153.

SOLDERING PROPERTIES OF METAL SURFACES.

Mohlert J.B. Plcnt Eng., 30 (1976), 109.

SOLDERING PROPERTIES OF METAL SURFACES.

Gertig, M. Schweisstechnik (Berlin), 24 (1974),

555.

PHOSPHORUS-CONTAINING BRAZE.

Development of Ag-free brazing alloys is described.

No author Held. Techn., 24 (1976), 68.

AUTOMATION AND LABOR SAVING IN BRAZING.

Pubovik, A.S. Weld. Prod., 22 (1975), 33.

USE OF BRAZE WELDED JOINTS IN INSTRUMENT MAKING.

It is shown that braze welded joints can not only be produced but also

combinations of various welding and brazing procedures can be used.

Miller, J.A. Weld. J., 55 (1976), 832.

MANUFACTURE OF GAS TURBINE ENGINE POWER SHAFTS BY INDUCTION BRAZING.

The brazing procedure and installation as well as the inspection

technique are described.

EtElzejLt-jJiL. Weld. J., 55 (1976), 249s.

CALCULATION OF THERMOELASTIC DEFORMATIONS AND STRESSES IN TWO COMPONENT

STRUCTURES.

It is shown that the finite element method is a suitable means for

computing the thermal behaviour of two component composites joined by

welding, brazing or soldering.

Butrvmowiczx_DiBi J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data., 4_ (1974),

527.

DIFFUSION IN COPPER AND COPPER ALLOYS II COPPER-SILVER AND COPPER-GOLD

SYSTEM.

A review is presented on published data on diffusion in copper systems.

- 194 -

Sloboda. M.H. Des. Eng., (1976), 36.

SELECTING BRAZING ALLOYS FOR DESIGN FUNCTIONS.

An overview is presented on the «ore important types of brazing alloys

and braziag procedures.

Kosnac. L. Veld. Metal. Fabr., 44 (1976), 294.

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF THE FILLER MATERIALS FOR BRAZING AND

SOLDERING.

Differential thenaal analysis is used for identification of the solidus

and liquidus temperature of brazing filler aetals and isothermal and

dynamic thermograviaetric analysis is used in anal>sis of fluxes.

Baas. J.E. Lastechnik, 42 (1976), 22.

MECHANICAL TESTING OF BRAZED BUTT-JOINTS.

The strength and deformation behaviour of brazed butt joints are

discussed. A review is presented on both mechanical and metallurgical

factors influencing the strength of brazed butt joints.

No.author Mater. Eng., 82_ (1975), 52.

HIGH TEMPERATURE BRAZING DEMANDS CAREFUL SELECTION OF FILLER METALS.

Criteria for the selection of filler metals is presented.

D'Angelo, R. ZIS Mit., \J_ (1975), 1062.

TECHNOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OCCURRING IN DIFFUSION BRAZING BY RESISTANCE

HEADING.

The technological factors affecting the efficiency of diffusion brazing

are examined.

Hageaaier^DiJ. Non-Destr. Test., 9_ (1976), 107.

NDT OF ALUMINIUM BRAZED TI HONEYCOMB STRUCTURES.

An evaluation is presented on ndt methods for aluminium honeycomb

structures.

3255i-5.i Schweissen und Schneiden, 28_ (1976),

95.

QUALITY ASSURANCE IN SOLDERING AUTOMOBILE RADIATORS.

Special problems and their solutions are described iti detail.

- 195 -

Storchai, B.I. Weld. Prod., 22 (1975), 61.

APPLICATION OF THE OHMIC CAPACITANCE METHOD FOR INVESTIGATION OF THE

FLUXING PROCESS.

The principal kinetic relationships of the fluxing process and required

data on activity of fluxes can be determined by the ohaic capacitance

nethod.

Brochmann, W. Schweissen und Schneiden, TJ_ (1975),

38.

STATE OF THE ART AND EXPECTED FURTHER DEVELOPMENTS IN WELDING, BRAZING

AND ADHESIVE BONDING OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS.

Three classes of composite materials are reviewed: particle reinforced,

fiber reinforced and layered.

Robertg1_P.M. Des. Eng., (I975), 39.

COST EFFECTIVE BRAZING AND SOLDERING OF SHEET METAL.

?*Ê£58ÊEi_§i5i Weld. Res. Concil. Bull., (1975),

N207, 21 pp.

JOINING OF METAL-MATRIX FIBER REINFORCED COMPOSITE MATERIALS.

Wittke^Ki Schweisstechnik, 25 (1975), 205.

SOLDERING AND BRAZING IN THE MACHINE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY IN THE

USSR.

MehlhorniJH. Schweisstechnik, 25 (1975), 176.

WELDING, BRAZING AND SOLDERING WITH LIGHT BEAMS - A MODERN METHOD OF

JOINING SMALL COMPONENTS.

The physical and technological principles underlying the joining

methods are discussed.

Bernsdorf^G. ZIS Mit., \]_ (1975), 352.

SPECIMEN SHAPES OF BRAZED JOINTS FOR THE DETERMINING OF STRENGTH.

Simplified test specimen are proposed for the determination of strength

characteristics of brazed joints.

- 196 -

ANNUAL BOOK OF ASTM STANDARD, 1975 - PART 12 CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF

METALS, SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS OF METAL BEARING ORES.

838 p.

Uhlmann, R. Schveisstechnik, ^5 (1975), 20.

ARC SPOT WELDING AND BRAZING OF SMALL COMPONENTS.

It is demonstrated that arc welding can be used for small components.

Examples are given for arc wlding and arc brazing.

Polentz. Lloyd, M. Plant, Eng., 28 (1974), 120.

FUNDAMENTALS OF BRAZING.

Guidelines are presented for brazing ferrous and nonferrous alloys.

Lange, H. Ind. Anz., 96 (1974), 472.

BRAZING - A SUPPLEMENTARY JOINING METHOD.

The currently available high-temperature solders are reviewed.

Clautice, W.E. Weld. J., 53 (1974), 612.

INDUCTION BRAZING AT THE KENNEDY SPACE CENTER.

A description is given of the installation and the procedure of

induction brazing at the Kennedy Space Center.

Cernochi_WiJi Schweissen und Schneiden, 26_ (1974),

ECONOMIC BRAZING ON FLAME HE'ÊD AUTOMATED CYCLIC BRAZING MACHINES.

The cost of automated brazing is discussed with reference to published

surveys.

Schaufler^Ki Schweisstechnik, 64. (1974), 13.

MORE EFFICIENT INDUSTRIAL SOLDERING AND BRAZING BY INDUCTION HEATING.

A detailed description is given of industrial induction soldering and

brazing.

No_author Am. W*ld. Soc. Standard A5 8-69,

(1969).

SPECIFICATION FOR BRAZING FILLER METAL.

This specification prescribes requirements for filler metals which are

added when making a braze.

- 197 -

Drach. G. Vacuum, 24_ (1974), 95.

APPLICATION OF VACUUM BRAZING AS A METAL JOINING TECHNIQUE.

Theory and principles of vacuum brazing are reviewed, pumping systems

and heating sources are described.

No_author ASME Boiler Pressure Vessel Code,

section IX, (1974).

QUALIFICATION STANDARD FOR WELDING AND BRAZING PROCEDURES, WELDERS,

BRAZERS AND WELDING AND BRAZING OPERATORS.

Thomast_H. Soudage Tech. Connexes, 28 (1974),

193.

SOME ASPECTS OF MICROWELDING.

The techniques used in refusion microbrazing and different microwelding

techniques are described.

Noauthor Soudage Tech. Connexes, 28 (1974),

62.

METHODS OF TESTING OF SOLDERED AND BRAZED JOINTS.

No_author N. pi., American Society of testing

Materials, (1974).

ANNUAL BOOK OF ASTM STANDARDS PART 12 - CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF METALS;

SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS OF METAL BEARING ORES.

£2llÊSa_2lêl!SSA_Ji Haerterei Tech. Mitt., 28_ (1973),

357.

HEAT TREATMENT IN VACUUM.

The application of industrial available vacuum oil quenching furnaces

in brazing dissimilar metals is described.

No_author 5th SAMPE Natl. Tech. Conf., (1973).

Azusa, California.

MATERIALS AND PROCESSES FOR THE 70's: COST EFFECTIVENESS AND RELIABILITY.

- 198 -

Neumann, Alexis Schweisstechnik, 23 (1973), 351.

CONTRIBUTION TO THE SYSTEMATIC DESIGN OF SOLDERED AND BRAZED JOINTS.

The requirements imposed on the soldering and brazing processes are

reviewed and discussed.

Roberts^_P;,M^ Components - Fastening, 21 (1973), 14.

MECHANIZED BRAZING WITH BRAZING ALLOY FASTES - 2. HEAT PATTERNS.

Guidelines for proper brazing procedures at succesive heating are

presented.

Robertsjt_PAM. Components - Fastening, l± (1973),

17.

MECHANIZED BRAZING WITH BRAZING ALLOY FASTES - 3. BRAZING EQUIPMENT.

Methods for computing loading time, heating time and total production

time are presented.

Daigne, B. Mem. Sci. Rev. Metal, 22. (1973),

335.

HIGH TEMPERATURE MICROANALYSIS OF SOLID AND LIQUID SPECIMEN.

A review of the apparatus and technique is followed by an example

of application: brazing of Titanium alloy T1-A6V.

PfannkuchejkJL ZIS Mit., J_5 (1973), 380.

SOLDERING PASTES - A NEW FORM OF SUPPLYING SOLDERING MATERIALS.

Discusses the features, advantages and application of soldering

and brazing pastes as well as soldering and brazing techniques.

Bern9dorf1_G. ZIS Mit., JL5 (1973), 383.

CURRENT STATUS OF MECHANIZATION OF SOLDERING TECHNIQUE IN DE D.D.R.

EiEÊ£ëS*_Nt Vacuum, n (1972), 387.

VACUUM HEAT TREATMENT AND BRAZING OF METALLIC MATERIALS.

A review is presented

Bernsdorf^Gi ZIS Mit., JJ5 (1973), 433.

ECONOMIC BRAZING IN ROUGH VACUUM.

Advantages of brazing in a rough vacuum for mass-production is outlined.

- 199 -

Rubel, W. ZIS Mit., J2 (1973), 454.

LOU MELTING BRAZING ALLOYS PROTECTIVE ATMOSPHERE BRAZING OF MASS-PRODUCED

ARTICLES.

Rapsh. Manfred ZIS Mit., _T5 (1973), 438.

CONTROLLED ATMOSPHERE BRAZING IN ELECTRICALLY HEATED INDUSTRIAL FURNACES.

The technological aspects, brazing furnaces are described.

Colbus, J. Verbind. Techn., _5 (1973), 27.

THE HIGH TEMPERATURE PROPERTIES OF BRAZING ALLOYS AND BRAZED JOINTS.

Investigated are the high temperature properties of brazing alloys and

brazed joints in high alloy steels.

53B5£tiiJ?i Z I S Mit«» A (1973), 438.

GAS SHIELDED BRAZING IN ELECTRICALLY HEATED INDUSTRIAL FURNACES.

Technology, procedures and materials and installations used rre

described.

Rubel, W. ZIS Mit., 4 (1973), 363.

INFLUENCE OF INTERFACE REACTIONS.

The influence of the interface reation on properties of brazed joint

is described.

No_author BAM Information Documentation

unter den Eichen 87 1000 Berlin 45,

(1977).

SOLDERING AND BRAZING.

A bibliography is presented with 290 references on solderinp and brazing.

LaSSÊi-Si Ind. Anz., 20 (1974), 472.

HIGH TEMPERATURE BRAZING - A COMPLEMENTARY JOINING PROCESS.

A review is given on the possibilities and applications of high

temperature brazing.

- 200 -

No author Fachbuchreihe schweisstechnik, N.pl.,

Deutscher Verlag für Schweisstechnik,

(1974).

WELDING AND ALLIED PROCESSES.

A description of 117 welding and allied processes (including brazing)

is given.

Blanchet. B. Rev. Fr. Mec, 42 (1972), 43.

BRAZING AND DIFFUSION WELDING.

A general discussion is presented on brazing and diffusion «elding

along with the technical feature of the processes.

Ditaaann, Bernd Schweisstechnik, 22 (1972), 462.

DESIGN FEATURES OF SOLDERED AMD BRAZED COMPONENTS.

The main design features which are of major importance for the quality

of soldered and brazed joints are presented.

Rigfcut, P. Soudage Tech. Connexes, 29_ (1972),

357.

BRAZING IN THE AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY.

Brazing processes used in the automobile industry are discussed.

Beuyukian, C.S. 13th Conference on Ltructures,

structural dynamics and materials,

Sar. Antonio, Texas, (1977), paper

72-387.

BRAZING OF REFRACTORY, SUPER ALLOY AND COMPOSITE MATERIALS FOR SPACE

SHUTTLE APPLICATIONS.

The vacuum brazing process as a joining method for materials in the

space shuttle is described.

Schaufler^Ki Brown Boveri Rev., 59 (1972), 231.

RATIONALIZING INDUSTRIAL SOLDERING AND BRAZING PROCESSES WITH INDUCTION

HEATING PLANT.

- 201 -

Slaughter, G.M. Santpe. Q., 2 (1973), 17.

WELDING AND BRAZING OF ADVANCED REFRACTORY ALLOYS.

Welding brazing and brazing alloys are described.

Cole^N^C. Weld. J., 5J_ (5972), 329s.

COMPATIBILITY OF BRAZED JOINTS WITH POTASSIUM AND VACUUM.

Twelve filler metals for joining refractory metals were examined for

compatibility with potassium and vacuum.

Boughton^JjDi Weld. Met. Fabr., 45 (1977), 239.

DEVELOPMENT IN BRAZING ALLOYS USED IN THE ROCK DRILL MANUFACTURING

INDUSTRY.

Weissi_Hi J. Vac. Sci. and Technology, J_4_

(1977), 1263.

MATERIAL PROCESSING IN SPACE LAB.

Direct effect of gravity in high-temperature melts are compared with the

possibilities presented by near-zero gravity.

No_author Weld. Des. and abr., 50 (1977),

55.

WHEN DOES AUTOMATED BRAZING PAY?

A treatment of economic aspects of automated brazing in general.

51SiEx_Yiki *977 IEEE International conference

on Plasma Science, 49.

SOME PROPERTIES OF LOW VAPOR PRESSURE BRAZE ALLOYS FOR THERMIONIC

CONVERTERS.

Measurements of the thermal expansion coefficients (500 k - 1200 k)

and the electric conductivity are presented for eutectic binary braz^

alloys of Zr, Hf, Rm, Nb, Ir, Mo, Ta, 0s, Re and W.

Gervais.t_R. Vide, 27 (1972), '05.

APPLICATIONS OF VACUUM TECHNIQUES.

The principles of the technique are discussed with reference to brazing.

- 202 -

Brookert_H.R. Newnes-Butterworth, (1975), 263.

INDUSTRIAL BRAZING 2ND EDITION.

RobertsA_PiMi British Standard Institution,

Engineering design guides-10,

(1975).

BRAZING.

Bauer, C.L. Annual Review of Material Science,

V6, (1976), 361.

METAL JOINING METHODS.

A review is presented on metal joining methods including soldering

and brazing.

PodhadnâÎiJ^ Scanning Electron Microscopy, 1

(1976), 763.

OBSERVATION OF SOLID LIQUID INTERFACE BY SEM (tN WELDING AND BRAZING).

BaLakiSi-Xili Automat. Weld., 28 (1975), 46.

WELDING AND BRAZING USING A MIXTURE OF GASES FROM THE ELECTROLYSIS OF

WATER.

Zimmerman^KiF. Weld. Met. Fabr., 44 (1976), 58.

FACTORS AFFECTING THE SELECTION OF A MECHANIZED BRAZING SYSTEM - 2.

HEATING PART REMOVAL AND BRAZING MATERIAL APPLICATION.

22£Djt_ii Umsch. Wiss. and Tech., 74 (1974),

535.

WELDING AND BRAZING METHODS IN MICRO-ELECTRONICS.

Rossx_RiBi Metallic materials specification

handbook, ISBN 419107304, (1972),

833 pn.

This book is a collection of Physical data on metallic materials, inclu

ding composition, properties, trade names and supplier.

- 203 -

Linnik.i_L.Ni Weld. Prod., _2 (1972), 7.

INFLUENCE OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE THERMOPHYSICAL PARAMETERS

OF DISSIMILAR MATERIALS ON THE STRENGTH OF A BRAZED JOINT.

?Ê2_IêZi_Biti ASME Design Engineering Conference,

Chicago, (1977).

BRAZING - AN ECONOMICAL, HIGH QUALITY JOINING PROCESS.

No_author Welding in the World, J£ (1972), 206.

TENTATIVE CODE OF SYMBOLS FOR FILLER METALS FOR BRAZING AND SOLDERING

ALLOYS.

3^5££i_5_Si ^th Army Materials Technology Conference

on Advances in Joining Technology,

Boston, (1975).

AEROSPACE BRAZING.

Wha_en__S_J_ A.S.M. Heat Treatment Conference

and Workshop, Chicago, (1975).

BRAZING: VACUUM OR HYDROGEN.

Bahr__M^ 6th Symosium on Engineering Problems

of Fusion Research, San Diego,

(1975).

SILVER BRAZING METHODS FOR JOINING OH AND SF FIELD COIL TURNS FOR PLt

MACHINE.

Weiss__S_ 4th Army Materials Conf. on Advances

in Joining Technology, Boston, 1975.

BRAZING MECHANISMS.

5iQ_IiS5SSi_t_5i *>th Annual Spring Meeting of the

Metallurgical Society, Pittsburg,

(1974).

OXIDATION OF BRAZING ALLOYS.

http://Linnik.i_L.Ni

- 204 -

Spillane,_D. Heat meating Ccnf. Detroit, (1974).

VACUUM HEAT TREATING AND BRAZING SUPER ALLOYS.

BurnSjÂ^ Heat, treating Conf., Detroit,

(1974),

AUSTEMFERING, MARQUENCHING, CARBURIZING AND BRAZING GRUN PARTS.

No author Weld. J., 56 (1977), 41.

FURNACE BRAZING - ONE WAY TO HIGH QUALITY PRECISION JOINING.

A brief communication is presented on furnace brazing.

Donerty, P.E. Weld. J., 56 (1977), 37.


§hnyaki2x_5i§i Weld. Prod., 21 (1976), 48.

JOINT STRENGTH IN BRAZING WITH 2-PHASE BRAZING ALLOYS.

Lugschneider^^ Weld. J., 5_5 (1976), 319s.

CO-NI-CR-B FILLER METALS FOR HIGH TEMPERATURE BRAZING.

No_author Weld. J., 55 (1976), 871.

FURNACE BRAZING AND 19 BASE METALS.

No_author Weld. J., 55 (1976), 860.

FURNACE BRAZING WITH NI-BASE FILLER METAL IMPROVES BEVERAGE CAN FILLING

NOZZLES.

Kosnac1_L. Weld. Met. Fabr., 44 (1976), 294.

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF FILLER MATERIALS FOR BRAZING AND

SOLDERING.

§liibSl2YA_ï}iYi W e l d• Pr°d•» I?. (1975), 51.

EFFICIENCY OF METHOD OF SOLIDIFICATION UNDER PRESSURE DURING BRAZING.

Moshkoya^GtEi Weld. Prod., 22 (1975), 16.

EFFECT OF FLUX ON SURFACE TENSION OF BRAZING ALLOY.

- 205 -

Steffens2 H.D. Werkstoff und Korrosion, 26 (1975),

919.

INFLUENCE OF CORROSIVE MEDIA ON USEFUL LIFE OF JUNCTIONS BRAZED WITH

HIGH TEMPERATURE BRAZING MATERIALS, pt 2.

Lindsay, L.B. Weld. J., 54 (1975), 737.

CONTINUOUS HYDROGEN FURNACE BRAZING OF AIRCRAFT HEAT-EXCHANGERS.

Fairbanks, R. Weld. J., 54 (1975), 730.

REDESIGNING A FLOWMETER ROTOR FOR FURNACE BRAZING.

Spillane, D.J. Weld. J., 54 (1975), 709.

ADVANCES IN BRAZING AND SOLDERING.

No author Materials Eng., 82 (1975), 52.

HIGH TEMPERATURE BRAZING DEMANDS CAREFUL SELECTION OF FILLER METALS.

Hevskii. I.I. Weld. Prod., £ ! (1974), 83.

ALL-UNION SCIENTIFIC-TECHNICAL CONFERENCE ON BRAZING AND WELDING.

BartholdÛJ^ Weld. J., 54 (1975), 179.

PRECISION MANUFACTURING CALLS FOR PRECISION BRAZING.

KnoBBz-WiXi Int. J. of Powder Metallurgy

and Powder Technology, J_]_ (1975), 63.

BRAZING PROBLEMS IN POWDER-METALLURGY.

No_author Weld. J., 52 (1974), 640.

SOME GUIDELINES TO AUTOMATED BRAZING.

Nesse^T^ Metall, 28 (1974), 1026.

PROPERTIES AND APPLICATIONS OF BRAZING MIXTURES CONTAINING PRECIOUS

METALS.

- 206 -

RegtZj T. Kernenergie, 17 (1974), 57.

BRAZING JOINT RESISTANT TO SODIUM.

Bredz, N.T. Metals Eng. Quarterly, U± (1974),

12.

ALLOY COATINGS FOR HIGH TEMPERATURE PROTECTION.

Hartwig, H. AED-Conf-75-639-004, (1975).

JOINING ALUMINIUM ALLOYS AND OTHER MATERIALS FOR THE VACUUM SYSTEM

OF HIGH ENERGY ACCELERATORS.

A comparison of different joining methods included brazing is presented

and their cost for making 1300 joints presented.

KosnacA_L. 3rd. Int. Conf. on Thermal Analysis,

V2 (1971), 767.

KINETICS OF THE ACTIVITY OF FLUXES FOR BRAZING.

Applications of thermal analysis for evaluation of brazing fluxes is

discussed and thermograms are interpreted.

Roberts^^M. Weld. Met. Fabr., 42 (1974), 286;

42 (1974), 412.

EARLY EVALUATION OF BRAZING.

Historical background of brazing and brazing alloys is reviewed.

£ï222i££îii_¥iL. Varilna Teh., tt (1975), 39.

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROCESSES IN BRAZING OF METALS.


5H5§i_Yi Svaranie, 1972, 2J_ (1972), 140.

HEATING DURING BRAZING AND ITS EFFECT ON CHANGING JOINT DIMENSIONS AND

THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF THE BASE MATERIAL.

Siewert^TÂ^ Dissertation Univ. Wisconsin,

(1976), 191 py.

A STUDY OF BRAZING IN SKYLAB II.

- 207 -

Rymara_V.Ii Svar. Proizvod, 21 (1973), 6.

INTERACTION OF MANGANESE, CHROMIUM AND TITANIUM WITH AIR DURING VACUUM

BRAZING.

Optimum temperatures for absorption of 0 and N from air for ïi, Mn and Cr

powders are deter?;- »«*.,;.

0kamotoa_I_. Trans. J.W.R.I., _5 (1976), 41.

STUDIES ON THE DISSOLUTION OF METAL ELEMENTS FROM FLUX (REPORT II).

DISSOLUTION OF SILVER INTO MOLTEN ZN-CD ALLOYS.

The dissolution of Ag from various fluxes in Zn-Cd alloys was studied.

Tanakax_R. Keikinzoku Yosetsu, U_ (1973), 115.

EFFECT OF THE ADDITION OF MAGNESIUM TO AL-SI FILLER ALLOYS FOR VACUUM

BRAZING.

Linnikj^C^ Svar Proizvod, 6_ (1972), 4.

EFFECT OF THE THERMOPHYSICAL PARAMETERS OF DISSIMILAR MATERIALS ON THE

STRENGTH OF JOINTS DURING SOLDERING.

Investigated are thermal expansion coeff., specific heat and Poisson's

ratio of soldered materials.

Aratax_Yz Proceedings 2nd Int. Symp. of Japanese

Welding Soc, (1975), 143.

DEVELOPMENT OF LIGHT BEAM WELDING PROCESS.

Described are the brazing of Ag elec. contact using an Xe discharge

lamp as heat source.

l£wrencel_FtVt Ind. Miner. Rocks, 4th ed., (1975),

251.

FLUXES.

A review with 7 refs.is given on types of fluxes, their chem. composition,

applications and availability.

Lotsmanovx_SxNj: Editors Maskinostroenie Moscow,

(1975), 40* pp.

HANDBOOK ON SOLDERING.

- 208 -

Oliver, T.P. Ann. Occup. Hyg., ±1 (1975), 295.

CALCULATION OF RISKS IN BURNING AND WELDING.

The problems of exposure to fumes and gases generated by welding are

discussed.

The safety problem during brazing is also discussed.

Rubel, W. ZIS Mitt., \5_ (1973), 363.

INFLUENCE OF INTERFACE REACTIONS ON SOIXERING PROCESSES.

Basic consideration of wetting, diffusion and equiL reactions in

soldering and brazing are reviewed with 7 refs.

Lancaster, J.F. Allen and Unwin, London, (1970),

2nd edition, 303 pp.

THE METALLURGY OF WELDING, BRAZING AND SOLDERING.

Petrunin, I.E. Metallurgiya Moscow, (1973), 2nd

edition, 281 pp.

SOLDERING OF METALS.

Petrunin, I.E. Moscow, USSR, (1972), 280 pp.

(in Russian).

PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROCESSES IN SOLDERING.

Wol-% H.J. Schweisstechnik (Berlin), 25_ (1977),

85.

RULES FOR DESIGNING FOR HIGH FREQUENCY BRAZING.

No_author Mater. Eng., 82 (1975), 52.

HIGH TEMPEKATURE BRAZING DEMANDS CAREFUL SELECTION OF FILLER METALS.

A review is presented on the properties, advantages and disadvantages

of available filler metals.

- 209 -

50. PATENTS

Byssiangatent 238326 (1978)

BRAZING OF ALUMINIUM AND ITS ALLOYS ~ BY REDUCING THICKNESS OF INTER

MEDIATE ZINC COATING PRIOR TO BRAZING WITH LEAD-TYPE SOLDER USING

ORGANIC FLUX.

Japanese patent 5, 311, 0942 (1978)

SELF-FLUXING, LOW MELTING POINT HARD SOLDER FOR BRAZING COPPER OR

ALLOY CONTAINS COPPER, PHOSPHORUS, TIN AND GOLD - USED IN AIR.

Jggggggg-Pgtggt 5» 3 n » ° 1 5 2 0978) ALUMINIUM ALLOY HEAT EXCHANGER. COMPRISES A CORROSION RESISTANT LIQ.

PASSAGE FORMED FROM BRAZING SHEET AND FIN MATERIAL.

ÊêHSiÊ-EitfüS 5» 3,°» 9838 (,978> FLUXLESS BRAZING OF ALUMINIUM (ALLOY) - IN INERT GAS ATMOSPHERE.

French_£atent 2, 378, 601 (1978)

BRAZING ALLOY FOR HIGH TEMPERATURE USE - COMPRISES A TRANSITION METAL

GERMANIUM AND PALLADIUM WITH OPT. ADDITIVES.

Germanjjatent 2, 816, 249 (1978)

BRAZING A COPPER CARBON FIBRE COMPOSITE.

5uSSiSS_2S££Ht 5, 82926 (1977)

HARD SOLDERING OF TUBULAR HEAT EXCHANGERS.

Ja£ane3e_£atent 5, 310, 8053 (1978)

BRAZING PIPES TO BASE ALONG A CIRCLE.

Japanese j>atent 5, 310, 6653 (1978)

BRAZING SOLDER WHICH FILLS RELATIVELY LARGE GAPS.

- 210 -

Ui!L_Eatent 4, 119, 262 (1978)

BRAZING ALUMINIUM COMPONENTS IN INERT GAS STREAM.

5.MS§ian_2atent 5, 90967 (1977)

FLUX FOR BRAZING STEELS AND ALLOYS.

Japanesej>atent 5, 309, 7952 (1978)

BRAZING OF SMALL OR COMPLICATED SHAPED PARTS.

Belgian patent 8, 66840 (1978)

NON-CORROSIVE BRAZING FLUX BASED ON COLOPHONY.

U.S. patent 4, 098, 957 (1978)

ALUMINIUM BRAZING SHEET - WITH TOP LAYER OF ALUMINIUM ALLOY REDUCED

MAGNESIUM CONTENT.

Ja£anese_gatent 7, 802, 8133 (1978)

BRAZING WORKPIECES TOGETHER - BY PLACING BRAZING POWDER-FLUX MIXTURE

BETWEEN THEM THEN PASSING ELECTRIC CURRENT.

i*E§2E££_i:2££S£ 7» 8 0 2» 8132 (19?8) ALUMINIUM HEAT EXCHANGER MANUFACTURE - FROM FLAT FINS AND PIPES

WHICH ARE BRAZED TOGETHER.

Germanjiatent 1, 316, 260 (I97J)

DOUBLE SPOT WELDING OR BRAZING MACHINE.

5ü*sian_£atent 5, 76181, (1977)

FLUX FOR HIGH TEMPERATURE BRAZING OF STEELS .

Jaoanesejjatent 5, 308, 3952 (1978)

FLUXLESS BRAZING OF ALUMINIUM ALLOY.

^SESSS£i_ES££S£ 5,308,2638 (1978)

PALLADIUM SOLDER FOR BRAZING STAINLESS STEELS.

- 211 -

Jap_anese_p_atent 7, 802, 5303 (1978)

BRAZING METHOD FOR JOINING ALUMINIUM TUBES.

Jaganese_£atent 5, 3079752 (1978)

ALUMINIUM ALLOY BRAZING MATERIAL.

JêEËDËsejjatent 5, 307, 8952 (1978)

BRAZING OXYGEN-FREE COPPER.

Japanese gatent 5, 307, 8951 (1978)

BRAZING OF OXYGEN-FREE COPPER ARTICLES.

British patent 1, 52, 1040 (1978)

BRAZING TO SILICON OR SILICON CARBIDE .

German_gatent 1, 31, 146 (1978)

RESISTANCE BRAZING OF TUBES .

§2ü£h._AlEi£a.!LEaieJï£ 7» 70» '271 ('978) CEMENTED CARBIDE BODY COMPOSITE - BONDED BY HIGH MELTING POINT BRAZE.

UiS<L_2a.£e.ü£ 4» 09°» 8 7 2 ('978)

AL-CU ALLOYS FOR BRAZING TITANIUM .

5ü££iêD_E£EÉ2t 5» 72356 C977) BRAZING STAINLESS STEEL AND COPPER OR NICKEL ALLOYS .

Ja£anese_£atent 7, 801, 6771 (1978)

BRAZING COPPER OR COPPER ALLOY TO STEEL- WITHOUT USING FLUX.

Ja£anese_gatent 5, 305, 5443 (1978)

ALUMINIUM ALLOY FOR CLADDING BRAZED ALUMINIUM.

^SE22fl£_ES£l2£ 5» 305» 5 ^ 2 (1978)

COPPER-ZINC- MANGANESE-SILVER BASED BRAZE .

- 212 -


COPPER-ZINC-SILVER-TIN BRAZE .

2e.™£2_R§ie-5£ 2, 75, 435 (1978) BRAZING NICKEL ALLOY FOIL.


BRAZING SURFACE-METALLIZED CERAMIC0 - AFTER NICKEL PLATING.

Japanese_patent 5, 305, 3550 (1978)

COPPER-ZINC-TIN BRAZING ALLOY FOR CARBON STEEL.


COPPER-ZINC-MANGANESE BRAZE FOR CARBON STEEL .

Germanpatent 1, 30725 (1978)

COPPER BRAZING ALLOY .

5ü5£i22_E£E£2£ 5» 64932 <1977> RADIATOR BRAZING WITH PRE-APPLIED SOLDER .

French_patent 2, 36396 (1978)

BRAZING SOLDER ROD HOLDERS.

5S£2?P_Eê£*2£ 2» 75°» 390 (,978) DIFFUSION BRAZING SYSTEM,

South.African patent 7, 700339 (1978)

BRAZING AN INSERT INTO A RECESS.

^2£2üÊ£ê_EiE£S£ 1• 8 0 1» 0937 0978) OPTICAL BEAM BRAZING,

Ja£anese_£atent 5, 303, 3953 (1978)

BRAZING OF HEAT EXCHANGER TUBE PLATES *• USING PHOSPHO COPPER.

- 213 -

Japanesej>atent 5, 303, 3952 (1978)

BRAZING COMPSN. WHICH AVOIDS CARBON OR CARBIDE RESIDUE FORMATION.

U.S^_£atent 4, 083, 113 (1978)

BRAZING PROCESS FOR ORTHODONTIC ASSEMBLIES.

£2E22S£L.E2E£Di 5» 303» °**8 (1978) ALUMINIUM ALLOY SOLDER PROVIDING CORROSION RESISTANT LAYER.

British_gatent 1, 509908 (1978)

BRAZED COMPOSITE METAL CELLULAR MATERIAL.

U.S. patent 4, 080, 203 (1978)

LOW MELTING TEM?. SILVER BASED BRAZING ALLOY.

9i£5™_E2£E5H 2» 645953 (1978) VACUUM ÏIGHT BRAZED JOINT PRODUCTION BETWEEN COPPER SURFACES.

U.S. patent 4, 078, 713 (1978)

BRAZING ALLOY FOR FERROUS POWDER METAL ARTICLES .

ILSâtent 4, 077, 467 (1978)

SOLDERING, FUSING OF BRAZING USING HEAT TRANSFER LIQUID .

UJJâtent 4, 076, 164 (1978)

PREBLISTERING OF BRAZED JOINTS AT HIGH TEMPERATURES .

Japanesejjatent 5, 301, 1144 (1978)

FLASH-FREE BRAZING OF ALUMINIUM ARTICLES .

yi*L_patent 4, 075,009 (1978)

LOW TEMPERATURE NICKEL BASE BRAZING ALLOY - CONTAINING MANGANESE,

SILICON AND COPPER.

French_gatent 2, 351, 750 (1978)

JOINING NOBLE METALS IN JEWELLERY MANUFACTURE .

- 214 -

U.S. patent 4, 073, 426 (1978)

BRAZING TUNGSTEN TO GRAPHITE.

Russian patent 5, 47304 (1977)

PIEZOCERAMICS AND QUARTZ BRAZING.


AUTOMATED BRAZING OF WORKPIECES .


ALUMINIUM-SILICON BRAZING ALLOY.

U.S. patent 4, 071, 358 (1978)

HEAT-RESISTANT COPPER BASED BRAZING FILLER METAL,

Russian patent ;», 16490 (1977)

STEEL BRAZING WITH COPPER-ZINC ALLOY.

?**5*i22_E2££2£ 2, 82038 (1977)

DIFFUSION WELDING AND BRAZING.

French patent 2, 349392 (1977)

TUBULAR WELDING OR BRAZING WIRE CONTG. FLUX .


BRAZING OF A THERMOCOUPLE .

Ja£anese_£atent 5, 214, 7544 (1977)

JOINING ALUMINIUM AND COPPER PIPES

5üssian_£atent 5, 15318 (1976)

STANDING WAVE BRAZING FACILITY .

Japanegejjatent 5, 214, 3944 (1977)

BRAZING A PIPE TO A CASE WALL.

Belgian_p_atent 8, 58710 (1978)

AUTOMATIC MACHINE APPLYING BRAZING PASTE.

- 215 -

U.S. patent 4, 064, 914 (1977)

COPPER TUBE WITH POROUS METAL COATING - OF COPPER OR STEEL BRAZED TO

THE TUBE SURFACE.


BRAZING WITHOUT CORROSION USING LIQUID FLUX.

JgBgnggg_eg£S!?£ 5» 2I3» 9 6 4 6 (1977)

BRAZING ALLOY FOR USE WITH ALUMINIUM ALLOY.

Germanjjatent 2, 727, 229 (1977)

LARGE FURNACE FOR BRAZING OR HEATING.


ATTACHING TUNGSTEN ELECTRODE TO N-TYPE SILICON WAFER BY BRAZING.


BRAZING STAINLESS STEEL PIPES.

German_£atent 2, 622, 045 (1977)

HEAT EXCHANGER WITH COPPER AND ALUMINIUM PARTS BRAZED TOGETHER,

Ja£anese_patent 5, 212, 6660 (1977)

BRAZING ALLOY FOR FERROUS OR STAINLESS STEEL ALLOYS.

§f.™&5LE3£i££ 2» 617» 3 5 3 0977)

TUBULAR HEAT EXCHANGER BRAZING METHOD.

:*SE§2£££_E££!2£ 5» 2,°» 6272 O977) ALUMINIUM-ANTIMONY BRAZING ALLOY FOR SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE.

Belgian_£atent 8, 53628 (1977)

JOINING CAST IRON DETAILS BY VACUUM BRAZING.

ILS^Datent 4, 052, 531 (1977)

BRAZING PROCESS USING CADMIIW FILLER METALS.

- 216 -

Jap.anese_22tent 7, 703, 6853 (1978)

AUTOMATIC BRAZING MACHINE.

JêEêSÊSÊ_Ef£S2t 5, 210, 1652 (1977)

ALUMINIUM BRAZING ALLOY COMPOSITION.


ALUMINIUM BRAZING ALLOY COMPOSITION.


BRAZING OVERLAPPED JOINTS OF SHEETS OR PIPE WALLS.

French patent 2, 334, 462 (1977)

BRAZING, WELDING OR SOLDERING WIRE.

U.S. patent 4, 048, 459 (1977)

BONDING METAL TO SINTERED POWDER COMPONENTS.

British patent 1, 486, 516 (1977)

SOLDERING OR BRAZING STUDS TO METALLIC WORKPIECES.

Japanese_£atent 5, 209, 0446 (1977)

BRAZING STAINLESS STEEL PIPES.

2i§i-E2£ffiL- 4' 043' 500 (,977> TUBE TO TUBE BRAZING USING PRECISION INSERTS.

Ja£anesej>atent 5, 208, 6949 (1977)

BRAZING AN ALUMINIUM HEATING PLATE.

Ja£anesej>atent 5, 208, 6948 (1977)

BRAZING ALUMINIUM OR ALUMINIUM ALLOY ARTICLES.

Belgian_natent 8, 51796 (1977)

BRAZING DEVICE FOR THIN WALLED NON-FERROUS TUBES.

Ja£anese_£atent 7, 702, 9692 (1977)

COPPER BASE BRAZING ALLOY.

- 217 -

French_£atent 2, 332, 096 (1977)

FILLER ROD OR ELECTRODE FOR WELDING OR BRAZING.

U^S^gatent 4, 040, 822 (1977)

BRAZING ALLOY FOR ALUMINIUM, TITANIUM.

£Hüi§ï_R2£Êü£. 5» 34319 (1977)

LIMITING SOLDER FLOW IN BRAZING.

i§Ei5£sej>atent 5» 20,80321 (1977)

JOINING TWO MEMBERS USING LOW M.PT. GLASS BRAZING - AND A THIRD

COMPOSITE GLASS LAYER CONTG. HIGH M.PT. INOXGANIC POWDER,

U^S^gaten^ 4, 039, 298 (1977)

BRAZED ALUMINIUM COMPOSITE.

i2EË5£sej>atent 5» 207» 5 6 3 9 (1977)

AUTOMATIC VOIDLESS BRAZING PROCESS.

Frenchjiatent 2, 330, 489 (1977)

INDUCTION BRAZING OF METALS .

Ja£anesej>atent 5, 206, 5741 (1977)

BRAZING TUNGSTEN CONTACT POINTS .

French_££t.ent 2, 327, 318 (1977)

LOW COPPER BRAZING METAL AND LOW CARBON STEEL FOR BRAZING AIR PIPES.

2£i8i22_P.2££2£ 851858 (1977)

BRAZING ADDITIONS IN WIRE FOR WELDING SUPER ALLOYS .

IhSâtent, 4, 029, 476 (1977)

INFILTRATION RESISTANT BRAZING ALLOY FOR STEEL POWDER COMPACTS .

U.S. patent 4, 029, 254 (1977)

BRAZING TITANIUM HONEYCOMB CORE TO FACING SHEETS .

- 218 -

Japanese patent 5, 205, 4641 (197>)

JOINING ALUMINIUM TUBES BY VACUUM BRAZING.

Jaganesej>atent 5, 205, 4640 (1977)

SOLDERING ALLOY FOR VACUUM BRAZING OF ALUMINIUM.

Jaganesegatent 5, 205, 2259 (1977)

MANUFACTURE OF ALUMINIUM HEAT EXCHANGER BY BRAZING.

ieESSfli-EitSSt 5» 0I°» ^749 (1975)

ALLOYS FOR BRAZING SILVER-BASED OXIDE ALLOYS TO COPPER, BRASS.

5H£sian_£atent 5, 23768 (1976)

STEEL AND GRAPHITE BRAZING TECHNIQUE.

Frenchjpatent 2, 318, 702 (1977)

BRAZING OF BRASS COMPONENTS IN A REDUCING ATMOSPHERE,

5ï5£iêS_E5£êSt 5» 00944 (1976)

BRAZING SOLDER FOR STEELS.

:Ï5E§E£sej>atent 5» 203» 5 7 3 6 (1977)

BRAZING JOINT OF HEAT EXCHANGER-WITHOUT USING FLUX.

Ja£anese_£atent 5, 203, 5735 (1977)

AIR TIGHT BRAZING METHOD.

iSE22£5Ê_E2£êS£ 5» 203> 5 1 4 2 ('977)

FLUXLESS BRAZING ALLOY FOR ALUMINIUM.

French_gatent 2, 317, 994 (1977)

FLUXLESS BRAZING OF TUBES UITHOUT REMOVING OXIDE FILM.

5SiSiSS>ES££S£ 8 4 9, 579 (1977)

WELDING OR BRAZING SUPER ALLOYS.

- 219 -


BRAZING ALUMINIUM OR ALUMINIUM ALLOY HEAT EXCHANGERS.

French patent 2, 316, 034 (1977)

INDUCTION HEATING CAPILLARY BRAZING PROCESS.

German patent 2, 543, 140 (1977)

HIGH STRENGTH BRAZED JOINTS BETWEEN CERAMICS AND METALS.


BRAZING SHEET CONTG. NICKEL ALLOY FOR STAINLESS STEELS-

Russianpatent 4, 96138 (1976)

FLUX FOR BRAZING ALUMINIUM ALLOYS.


BRAZING PROCESS FOR STEEL PIPES .

Japanesepatent 5, 200, 4951 (1977)

HEAT RESISTANT COPPER BRAZING ALLOY .


AUTOMATIC BRAZING DEVICE USING REDUCING ATMOSPHERE •

German patent 2, 065, 909 (1977)

BRAZING SHARP EDGE HAL METAL CHIPS ONTO SAWBLADE .

IhS^patent 4, 003, 715 (1977)

BRAZED JOINTS INCLUDING COPPER, MANGANESE ZINC BRAZE ALLOY

BETWEEN FERROUS PARTS OR BETWEEN CERAMICS ,

Japanese_patent 5, I»4, 2465 (1976)

ALUMINIUM RAW MATERIAL FOR VACUUM BRAZING .

Japanese_patent 5, 113, 9547 (1976)

FLUXLESS BRAZING PROCESS.

- 220 -


ALUMINIUM ALLOY SOLDER FOR BRAZING WITHOUT FLUX.


HIGH FLECTROCONDUCTIVE COPPER ALLOY HAVING GOOD B3AZING PERFORMANCE.

U.S. patent 3, 998, 632 (1976)

HAFNIUM BASED BRAZING ALLOY FOR HIGH MELTING POINT WORKPIECES.


ALUMINIUM ALLOYS VACUUM BRAZING.

Japanesepatent 5, 113, 1441 (1976)

ALUMINIUM BASED STRUCTURAL MATERIAL FOR VACUUM BRAZING.

U.S. patent 3, 994, 695 (1976)

COMPOSITE ALUMINIUM ALLOY BRAZING SHEET.


VACUUM BRAZING UNLIKE SIZED OR SECTIONED ALUMINIUM ALLOYS.

Dutch_patent 7, 605, 363 (1976)

BRAZING COBALT BASE ALLOY TO IRON BASE ALLOY.

JgEggggg-EgSf-Qg 5» ',2» 095) ('976) FORMING METALLIZED SURFACES ON CERAMIC SUBSTRATES.

IKS^patent 3, 991, 927 (1976)

AUTOMATIC FRAME BRAZING MACHINE.

5ü£iigH_Eg££2£ 501» 8 4 2 (1976)

GRAPHITE-STEEL BRAZED JOINTS.

iiESüSlt_ESlÊS£ 5» i n » 2449 (1976)

FILLER ROD PRODUCTION - FOR BRAZING.

5ëiSiSS>ES£iQ£ 8» 4 3 7 6 4 (J976)

BRAZING FINS TO TUBES IN HEAT EXCHANGER.

- 221 -

U^S^gatent 3, 989, 096 (1976)

OXIDATION RESISTANT BRAZING OF REGENERATOR CORES.

i2RË2£5£_R§££2£ 5» m » ° 4 5 8 ('976) SILVER CONTAINING SOLDERING ALLOY, FOR BRAZING OF SILVER BASED

OXIDE DISPERSION ALLOY.

Jgegggggj>gtgg£ 5» ' " » 0 4 5 7 ( , 9 7 f i ) SOLDER ALLOY FOR BRAZING SILVER BASED OXIDE CONTACTS.

JiEê2£se_j>atent 5» n o » 7261 0976)

PRETREATMENT OF METALS DIFFICULT TO SOLDER OR TO BRAZE.

Britishjoatent 1, 454, 217 (1976)

VACUUM BRAZING OF SUPER ALLOY ARTICLES.

French_£atent 2, 296, 489 (1976)

BRAZING METAL PARTS - IN AN ATMOSPHERE OR INERT GAS CONTG. THERMALLOY

DECOMPOSABLE HALIDES.

üi§i_E§lent 3, 986, 899 (I9?6)

RESIDUE FREE ATOMIZED COF?£R BRAZING PASTE.

£ü£2:i22_E2l2!£ *> 98136 (1976)

HIGH TEMPERATURE BRAZING SOLDER.

5ü£Si22_Ei££S£ *» 98135 (1976)

SOLDER FOR MICRO CURRENT BRAZING JOBS .

5ü££i22_E§l£ïï£ 4» 98134 (1976)

BRAZING SOLDER FOR NONFERROUS METALS AND STEELS .

5ü£iii2.ES,tent 4» 98114 (1976)

NIOBIUM CARBIDE BRAZING TECHNIQUE .

Ja£anese_gatent 5, 007,5153 (1976)

TITANIUM ALLOYS BRAZING .

- 222 -

U.S. patent 3, 984, 044 (1976)

BRAZING POROUS METAL ARTICLES.

Russian patent 4, 96 124 (1976)

REACTION BRAZING TITANIUM AND ALLOYS.


ALUMINIUM ALLOY SOLDER FOR FLUX-FREE BRAZING,

Japanse patent 5, 109, 1855 (1976)

BRAZING PROCES.

U.S. patent 3, 979, 043

VACUUM BRAZING ALUMINIUM (ALLOYS)- USING MANGANESE FLUX TO COATING TO

CAUSE OXIDE PENETRATION.

U.S. patent 3, 979, 042 (1976)

FLUXLESS BRAZING OF ALUMINIUM TO NICKEL,

Japanese_£atent 5, 108, 7448 (1976)

ALUMINIUM CLAD BRAZING SHEAT COATED WITH FILM TO PREVENT OXIDATION,

5H££ii2_E*££2£ *» 90616 (1976)

FLUX FOR BRAZING ALUMINIUM ALLOYS,

French_gatent 2, 289, 291 (1976)

FLUX FILLED SOLDER OF BRAZING ROD,

rZSESSËSS-ESJiSDi 5» ,07> 9660 0976) HIGHLY EFFICIENT AUTOMATED BRAZING DEVICE.

Ilus8ian_£atent 4, 91454 (1976)

BRAZING HARD ALLOYS TO CONSTRUCTIONAL STEELS.

JSES-£SS_ES££D£ 5» ,07» 6 n 3 ('976) AGE HARDENED ALUMINIUM ALLOY USED FOR BRAZING AT HIGH TEMPERATURES.

- 223 -

Jaj>anese_£atent 5, 107, 6112 (1976)

ALUMINIUM ALLOY FOR BRAZING.

?£lSi£5_B2££Dt 1030876 (1976)

BRAZING ALLOY FOR DENTAL PROTHESES.

IKS. Patent 3, 971, 501 (1976)

POTASSIUM FLUXALUMINATE COMPLEX ALUMINIUM BRAZING FLUX.

JaeanesgEatent 5, 107, 3942 (1976)

BRAZING SUPERHARD CHIPS.

UiSi_£atent 3, 970, 237 (1976)

BRAZING ALUMINIUM WITH IMPROVED FILLETS.

Russianjjatent 4, 84053 (1975)

STANDING WAVE BRAZING CRUCIBLE.

5ü55i§0_Ei£ÊSl *» 83216 (1976)

HIGH SPEED CUTTING STEEL BRAZING ALLOY,

Ja£anesej>atent 5, 107, 0157 (1976)

PREVENTING FORMATION OF OXIDATING FILM ON ALUMINIUM BRAZING MATERIAL.

Ja£anese_£atent 5, 106, 9456 (1976)

ALUMINIUM VACUUM BRAZING ALLOY,

Ja£anesej>atent 5, 106, 8454 (1976)

FLUX FOR BRASS BRAZING COMPOSITION.

yiS1_£atent 3, 969, 126 (1976)

BRAZING MIXTURE FOR FORMING CORROSION RESISTANT VACUUM TIGHT JOINT

BETWEEN A CERAMIC BODY AND A REFRACTORY METAL.

Ja£anse_£atent 5, 103, 3745 (1976)

BRAZING METHOD NOT REQUIRING FLUX.

- 224 -

Jaganesepatent 5, 001, 6645 (1975)

ALLOYS FOR BRAZING SILVER BASED OXIDE DISPERSION TYPE ALLOYS.

?H55iSLE2££2£ 4» 8583? < 1 9 7 5) CERMET BRAZING WITH NICKEL SOLDER.

Jaganesejgatent 5, 106, 2163 (1976)

LIGHT BEAM BRAZING MACHINE.

German_gatent 2, 460, 600 (1976)

SPOT WELDING OF BRAZING FOIL ONTO HARD METAL FEGMENTS.

Ja£anese_£atent 5, 000, 6548 (1975)

BORAX BASED FLUX COARSE FOR SILVER BASED OXIDE DISPERSION ALLOY BRAZING.

:*2E22e.22_E2t22£ 5» 00°» 3940 < 1 9 7 5) OVERLAP VACUUM BRAZING OF ALUMINIUM TUBES.

UiSi_Patent 3, 963, 454 (1976)

ALUMINIUM ALLOY BRAZING COMPOSITE HAVING CLADDING OF ALUMINIUM CONTG.

LEADS.

UiSi_2atent 3> 9 6 3 > 4 5 3 (1976)

ALUMINIUM ALLOY BRAZING COMPOSITE HAVING CLADDING OF ALUMINIUM.

U.S. patent 3, 960, 310 (1976)

BRAZING HARDENED TIPS TO SAH BLADES.

Ja£anese_£atent 5, 104, 6549 (1976)

ALUMINIUM ALLOY AND ITS CLAD COMPOSITE FOR VACUUM BRAZING.

£2E222!?_E2t£2J: 5» ,04» 6548 (,976) ALUMINIUM ALLOY CLAD COMPOSITE FOR VACUUM BRAZING.

Ja£anese_£atent 5, 104, 6547 (1976)

ALUMINIUM ALLOY CLAD COMPOSITE FOR VACUUM BRAZING HAVING HIGH DROOP

AT BRAZING TEMPERATURE.

- 225 -


AUTOMATIC BRAZING METHOD.

i§E§5ese_2atent 5, 101, 2350 (1976)

JOINT WELDING OF CLAD STEEL PIPES, USING COVERING OF TITANIUM, ZIRCO

NIUM ETC. AND BRAZING WITH PURE SILVER.


ALUMINIUM ALLOY BRAZING MATERIAL USING NO FLUX.

JgBg°ggg-Bg£fg£ 5» ,04» , 6 5 7 ('976)

SILVER SOLDER FOR BRAZING COPPER AND IRON ALLOYS.


BRIGHT VACUUM BRAZING OF HEAT-RESISTANT ALLOYS.

U^S .patent 3, 953, 285 (1976)

NICKEL BASED CHROMIUM SILICON BRAZING ALLOY.

Jaganse_£atent 5, 103, 3744 (1976)

BRAZING ELECTRIC CONTACTS ONTO BRASS PLATES BY CONTRACTING WITH SILVER

BASE OXIDE DISPERSION ALLOY.

British patent 1, 434, 534 (1976)

JOINING TUBS TO TUBEPLATE BY FUSING BRAZING .

Hi§i_£2iÊS£ 3» 951» 3 2 8 (,976>

BRAZING ALUMINIUM USING POTASSIUM ALUMINIUM FLUORIDE FLUX .

5H££Ï22_E2££S£ 4 6 4» 635 < 1 9 7 5) COPPER BRAZING ALLOY „

^2E2S*£S-E2£êSi 7» 60°» 9 7 0 4 <1976)

PHOSPHORUS-COPPFR SOLDER FOR IRON ,

French_£atent 2, 276, 895 (1976)

MAGNESIUM FLUORIDE BRAZE INHIBITOR .

- 226 -

U.S. patent 3, 948, 432 (1976)

COPPER ALLOY BRAZING PREFORMS.


BRAZING ALLOY USED TO BRAZE IRON OR ITS ALLOYS AND COPPER.

French patent 2, 276, 528 (1976)

JOINING TUBES BY SOLDERING OR BRAZING.

U.S. patent 3, 946, 932 (1976)

BRAZING GRAPHITE TO GRAPHITE USING MOLYDENUM BRAZING POWDER.

Sggth-Afgicgg patent 7, 500, 487 (1975)

BRAZING ALLOY COMPOSITION.

lÊl&iSS-EitfJ* 8» 3 4 2 29 (1976)

BRAZING ALUMINIUM ALLOY HEAT EXCHANGER PARTS.

ILS^patent 3, 9-M, 971 (1976)

RESISTANCE BRAZING SOLID COPPER TO STRANDED COPPER.

ILS^patent 3, 941, 916 (1976)

BONDING GOLD PLATED LEAD PINS TO CERAMIC SUBSTRATE - USING GOLD GERMANIUM

BRAZE.

U.S.,patent 3, 941, 299 (1976)

BRAZING COPPER ALLOY CARRIERS TO SILVER ALLOY CONTACTS.

Ja£anese_£atent 5, 100, 6153 (1976)

LOW TEMPERATURE HIGH STRENGTH BRAZING OF TITANIUM (ALLOYS).

i2E22Ê££_E2££S£ 5» 10°» ,3*7 0976) BRAZINC ALUMINIUM PIPES.

2iËi-Eï£2ï£ 3» 936, 3 2° 0976) BRAZING NIOBIUM TO ALUMINA PLUG.

- 227 -

British_£atent 1, 423, 853 (1976)

BRAZED RADIATOR OF TUBE TYPE.

U.S. patent 3, 928, 029 (1975)

COPPER MANGANESE BRAZING ALLOYS -

Belgianjgatent 8, 30253 (1975)

FLUX FOR COATING WELDING AND BRAZING RODS.

BH££ii2_EIÏi5l *» 5 2* 5 4 (J975)

SUPERHARD MATERIALS BRAZING.


METALLIC CARBIDE TIP FOR CUTTING TOOL WITH LAYER OF BRAZING METAL,

2iSi_£atent 3, 918, 922 (1975)

BRAZING MIXTURE FOR MAKING METAL TO CERAMIC SEALS .

'ii:L_2atent 3, 917, 151 (1975)

FLUXLESS VACUUM BRAZING OF ALUMINIUM.

5H5Sif2_E§££DJÈ *» 27814 ('975)

ALUMINIUM ALLOY BRAZING MATERIAL .

5HS5ïÊ2_E£££D£ 4» 6°973 (1975)

BRAZING TOOL FOR HONEYCOMB STRUCTURES .

5lJ5Siê2_Eê££2i 4» 55832 (1975)

FLUX FOR BRAZING ALUMINIUM ALLOYS .

Sw£dish_£atent 9, 75620 (1975)

CONTINIOUS BRAZING ALUMINIUM RADIATOR COKES BY HOT GAS.

IhSÊatent 3, 937, 387 (1975)

DIFFUSION WELDING AND BRAZING OF ALUMINIUM.

- 228 -

U.S. patent 3, 903, 585 (1975)

VACUUM BRAZING INFUSABLE METALS AND CERAMICS.

U.S. patent 3, 900, 295 (1975)

MARTENSITIC STAINLESS STEEL LAMINATE WITH BONDED LAYER OF BRAZING ALLOY-

U.S. patent 3, 899, 366 (1975)

BRAZING ALUMINIUM WITH NICKEL POUDER.


WAVE BRAZING TOOL ARRANGEMENT.


COPPER TIN BRAZING ALLOY.

U.S. patent 3, 898, 054 (1975)

COPPER TITANIUM EUTECTIC BRAZES.

U.S. patent 3, 898, 052 (1975)

CORROSION RESISTANT BRAZED JOINTS FOR FERROUS ARTICLES.

INDUCTION HEATING ARRANGEMENT FOR BRAZING PRESSES.

French patent 2, 247, 308 (1975)

BRAZING FLANGES ON WAVEGUIDES.

Geman_Datent 2, 459, 971 (1975)

BRAZING ALLOY FOR JOINING DUCTILE CAST IRON.

U.S. patent 3, 891, 784 (1975)

RENDERING COPPER BRAZED JOINTS OXIDATION RESISTANT.

UiSâtent 3, 891, 4u0 (1975)

ALUMINIUM VACUUM BRAZING SHEET.

- 229 -

U.S. patent 3, 888, 205 (1975)

FUSING A GLASS DISC TO METAL.

JïËEïêïLEêiËBi '» 777> 397 (,975) BRAZING ALUMINIUM HEAT EXCHANGER TUBES AND PLATES.

U.S. patent 3, 887, 731 (1975)

CORROSION RESISTANT COATINGS FOR BRAZED JOINTS.

Rusgian_gatent 4, 35083 (1974)

BRAZING FLUX COMPOSITION.

Jagangsepatent 4, 909, 0252 (1974)

ALUMINIUM ALLOY BRAZING SHEET.

U^SÊatent 3, 881, 879 (1975)

ALUMINIUM - SILICON MAGNESIUM VACUUM BRAZING ALLOY.

?HHiSS_2itent 4, 35907 (1974)

BRAZED COPPER JOINTS RESISTANT TO TROPICAL CONDITIONS.

5225iS2-ES££5£ *, 33989 (1974)

FLUX FOR HIGH TEMPERATURE BRAZING STEEL.

525£i22_Eê££S£ 4» 33984 (1974)

BRAZING SOLDER WITH INCREASED PHYSICO - MECHANICAL PROPERTIES .

g-S^jiatent 3, £76, 447 (1975)

APPLYING HARD-FACING MATERIALS TO METAL SUBTRATES USING BRAZING ALLOYS .

;!2E22£l£_E2££2t Z»> 905» 3 1 4 7 (1974)

ALUMINIUM ALLOY BRAZING SHEET .

i2E22£££-E2££2£ 4» 9 0 5» 31*6 (1974) ALUMINIUM ALLOY VACUUM BRAZING SHEET .

- 230 -

5H§iê5_Eê£Êül 4» 056?5 (1974)

BRAZING HIGH-SPEED ALLOYS TIPS.

German_Eatent 2, 444, 521 (1975)

BRAZING FLUX FOR COPPER ALLOYS.

U.S. patent 3, 871, 926 (1975)

STAINLESS STEEL / BRAZING ALLOY LAMINATES.


HIGH TEMPERATURE BRAZING USING VANADIUM FOIL AS BRAZING FILLER BETWEEN

TWO MONOCRYSTALS.

French_£atent 2, 233, 128 (1975)

HIGH QUALITY BRAZING OF TITANIUM AND STAINLESS STEEL FOR SATELLITE

APPLICATIONS.

?H££i22_ESJ:Ê5fc 4» 15117 (1974)

BRAZING SILICON SOLDER COMPOSITION,

5üS5i22_2i££Si 4» 13002 (1974)

OVERHEAD BRAZING OF TUBES,

Hi§i_ES£ent 3, 866, 307 (1975)

SOLDERING, FUSING OR BRAZING USING LATENT HEAT OF VAPORISATION.

5Ei£i52_E2££2£ '» 385» ,91 (1975)

ALLOYS FOR BRAZING, SOLDERING OR WELDING,

^§E52£5Ê_ES£Ê2i *» 905, -t250 (1974)

ZINC SCATTERING PREVENTION DURING VACUUM BRAZING-

LL!L_ES££2£ 3» 859> ,A5 ('975) REDUCING FLUORINE CORROSION OF BRAZED JOINTS.

yi8i_eatent» 3, 859, 061 (1975)

CORROSION RESISTANT ALUMIDE COATED BRAZED JOINTS.

- 231 -

U.S. patent 3, 858, 321 (1975)

CHAIN SAW CUTTER BAR MANUFACTURE BY BRAZING.

Frenchgatent 2, 222, 596 (1974)

BRAZING THICK WALLED TUBULAR ELEMENTS.

2«E5iD_2e£E2£ 2» 428» 492 O 9 7 5 ) BRAZING ALLOY FOR ALUMINIUM (ALLOYS).

German_j>atent 2, 329, 613 (1975)

SOLDERING TITANIUM AND ZIRCONIUM OR THEIR ALLOYS.

U-S^jjatent 3, 857, 013 (1974)

BUTT-BRAZING CONDUCTORS.

5£lSi£D_E2tSSt 8, 16325 (1974)

BRAZING POWDERS FOR ALUMINIUM ALLOYS USED WITHOUT FLUX.

IhSÊatent 3, 853, 548 (1974)

NICKEL - GOLD - SILICON - BORON BRAZING ALLOYS.

German_gatent 2, 328, 155 (1974)

ALLOY POWDER FOR BRAZING GRAPHITE BODIES.

5ü5£iêü_ES££2£ *» l6191 ('974) BRAZING CELLULAR COMPONENTS, E.G. FILTERS.

SüSiiüïLEfStf.DÏ *» 16190 (1974)

STEEL TO GRAPHITE BRAZING METHOD.

German_j>atent 2, 425, 155 (1974)

ALUMINIUM - SILICON BRAZING ALLOY.

German_£atent 2, 311, 400 (1974)

ALLOY FOR VACUUM BRAZING CEMENTED CARBIDES.

- 232 -

Germangatent 1, 508, 352 (1974)

HIGH TEMPERATURE TUNGSTEN BRAZING ALLOY.

U.S. patent 3, 846, 903 (1974)

TANTALUM ALLOY VACUUM BRAZING PROCESS.


SILVER SOLDER FOR HARD ALLOY BRAZING.

U.S. patent 3, 844, 027 (1974)

COPPER BRAZING MATRIX STRUCTURES.

British patent 1, 373, 084 (1974)

CARBIDE CUTTING TIP ATTACHMENT METHOD USING BRAZING ALLOY.

U.S. patent 3, 843, 333 (1974)

ALUMINIUM ALLOY COMPOSITE BRAZING SHEET.

Russian_gatent 4, 07691 (1974)

SILVER - COPPER - NICKEL BRAZING ALLOY,

BïïSSiSS-ESÏêSÏ *» °7689 (1974)

CADMIUM - ZINC - LEAD BRAZING ALLOY FOR GALVANIZED STEELS.

ILSâtent 3, 839, 779 (1974)

METAL - CERAMIC BRAZING WITH CERAMIC OXIDE.

British patent 1, 370, 253 (1974)

PROTECTING SURFACES DURING BRAZING OPERATIONS .

French_£atent 2, 210, 474 (1974)

COATING CEMENTED CARBIDE ARTICLES WITH BRAZEABLE METAL LAYER.

U^jjatent 3, 837, 880 (1974)

BRAZING AND DIFFUSION COATING FLOW BARRIER,

- 233 -


SILVER BRAZE FOR ALUMINIUM.

German patent 2, 402, 285 (1974)

BRAZING CUTTING TOOLS WITH A COPPER BASE BRAZING ALLOY.

German patent 2, 404, 155 (1974)

VACUUM BRAZING IN EVACUATED BAG - IN PARTIALLY EVACUATED FURNACE CHAMBER.

U.S. patent 3, 832, 242 (1974)

BRAZING AND SOLDERING COMPOSITION.

Canadian patent 9, 53129 (1974)

BRAZING PRE-PRESSED FERRULES WITH A TERNARY COPPER- ZINC - TIN BRAZING

ALLOY.

U.S. patent 3, 830, 420 (1974)

AUTOMATIC BRAZING WIRE FEEDER.

U.S. patent 3, 829, 313 (1974)

BRAZING ALLOY FOR ALUMINIUM,

German_patent I, 552, 849 (1974)

FLUXLESS BRAZING OF ALUMINIUM PARTS.

Geraanjjatent 2, 362, 870 (1974)

ZIRCONIUM BRAZED JOINT BETWEEN REFRACTORY METALS.

U.S._gatent 3, 819, 494 (1974)

REMOVABLE GOLD ALLOY BRAZE FOR STAINLESS STEELS.

5HSSi20-ES£«Si 3» 97284 (1973)

WAVEGUIDES BRAZING SYSTEM.

Gernan_£atent 1, 508, 326 (1974)

NICKEL BRAZED SOLDER/BRAZE FOR SUPERALLOYS.

- 234 -

German patent 2, 261, 422 (1974)

BRAZING OF REINFORCED STEEL ROPE.

German pa.ent 2, 343, 309 (1974)

BRAZEABLE Ni-Fe ALLOY COMPOSITION, FOR GAS TURBINES.

U.S. patent 3, 813, 759 (1974)

BRAZING SILICON CARBIDE OR CARBON BODIES.


ALUMINIUM BASED ALLOY SOLDER FOR BRAZING ALUMINIUM.

Japanse patent 7, 401, 8534 (1974)

ALUMINIUM BASED SOLDER FOR BRAZING ALUMINIUM.

British patent 1, 353, 973 (1974)

BRAZING ALUMINIUM OR LIGHT ALLOY COMPONENTS.

U.S. patent 3, 807, 620 (1974)

BRAZING OF BUNDLES OF WIRES.

U.S. patent 3, 805, 373 (1974)

BRAZED COMPOSITE METAL TAPE.


GROUP BRAZING TOOL FOR PRINTED CIRCUITS.

2Ê£52!LE£Ë£S£ 2» 31*» 235 (1974)

SILVER BRAZING ALLOY DEVELOPING ANNEALING COLOUR AFTER HEAT TREATMENT.

UiSôatent J, 800, 633 (1974)

BRAZING SINTERED TUNGSTEN CARBIDE TIPS ON TOOL STEELS.

French_£atent 2, 192, 889 (1974)

ELECTRODES OR FILLER RODS FOR WELDING OR BRAZIKG.

- 235 -

U.S. patent 3, 797, 087 (1974)

COPPER BRAZED REGENERATOR CORES - ALUMINIUM DIFFUSED IN JOINT AFTER

BRAZING FOR CORROSION RESISTANCE.

Russian_patent 3, 88856 (1973)

VACUUM BRAZING FILLER ALLOY.


BRAZING HARD ALLOYS.


BRAZING THIN FERRITIC STAINLESS STEEL SHEETS.


ALUMINIUM WORKPIECE BRAZING FURNACE FOR FLUX FREE GAS SHIELDED BRAZING.

U.S. patent 3, 793, 705 (1974)

BRAZING MAGNETIC CERAMIC TO METAL BY SPUTTERING WITH CHROMIUM BEARING

ALLOY BEFORE SILVER BRAZING.

Germanpatent 2, 238, 804 (1974)

ALUMINIUM CONTG. GALLIUM - FOR FLUXLESS SOLDERING/BRAZING.

y*S^_natent 3, 788, 824 (1974)

BRAZING MATERIAL.

French_£atent 2, 182, 671 (1974)

APPARATUS FOR BRAZING ALUMINIUM HEAT EXCHANGES.

JLS^patent 3, 786, 854 (1974)

BRAZING ALLOY.

5H£Si22_25££D£ 3» 80410 (1973)

STAINLESS STEELS HEAT EXCHANGER PLATES BRAZING - ALUMINIUM AS INTERMEDIATE

COATING ON BRAZE SURFACE.

- 236 -


SOLDERING/BRAZING ALLOY.

U.S. patent 3, 779,721 (1972)

BRAZING COMPOSITE BERYLLIUM WORKPIECES - MINIMIZING MIGRATION EFFECTS.

U.S. patent 3, 778, 258 (1972)

SILVER BASED ALLOY - FOR BRAZING TITANIUM.


HEAT EXCHANGER OF ALUMINIUM ALLOY BRAZED WITH ANOTHER ALUMINIUM ALLOY.

U.S. patent 3, 764, 307 (1972)

NI-AU BRAZING ALLOY - FOR SHEET METAL COMPONENTS OF JET ENGINES.

German patent 2, 213, 115 (1972)

SOLID STATE BONDING OF CERAMICS - USING ACTIVE METAL SOLDERS.

Germanpatent 2, 260, 101 (1972)

FLUX FREE BRAZING OF STEEL TUBE TO COPPER TUBE - USING COPPER COATED

STEEL TUBE.

U.S. patent 3, 720, 266 (1972)

CONTROLLING MOLTEN BRAZING ALLOY FLOW.

U.S. patent 3, 747, 199 (1972)

ALUMINIUM BRAZING - BY FLUXLESS VACUUM BRAZING WITHOUT SURFACE PRE-

CLEANING.

U-Sâtent 3, 740, 830 (1972)

BRAZING/METALLIZING CERAMICS - USING TERNARY ALLOY.

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