Branch: Climate Change and Air Quality Management

Minister’s Stakeholder Workshop

Protea Hotel OR Tambo

01 August 2013

The Branch Structure

National Environmental Management: Air Quality Act (39) of 2004 - AQA

• AQA presents a distinct shift from exclusively source-based air pollution control (Air Pollution Prevention Act of 1965) to holistic and integrated effects-based air quality management

• Establishment of National Ambient Air Quality Standards (2009) – S9:– Defines air that is safe and not harmful to human health and well-

being in line with Section 24 (b) of the Constitution of the Republic– Establishment of government-owned monitoring stations (84)

according to S8 of the Act to monitor and report compliance to the national ambient air quality standards as contemplated in the 2007 National Framework for Air Quality Management

South African Air Quality Information System (SAAQIS)

• Contemplated in the 2007 National Framework– SAAQIS was established in July 2007 and a partnership formed with

the SAWS who is the custodian– Information Dissemination Tool for air quality publications and

reporting

• Phase 1: Ambient Air Quality Module– Where 72 government-owned monitoring stations are reporting and a

total of 95 are reporting due to privately owned stations that are reporting (Private Owners: Eskom, Sasol and Richards Bay Clean Air Association)

• Phase 2: National Atmospheric Emissions Inventory– System developed – currently training has been held – System is being populated as this is the pilot phase

National Air Quality Priority Areas – S18

• Declaration of Priority areas:– Ambient standards are being exceeded– Minister or MEC reasonably believes that such may be the case

• Currently 3 areas have been declared:– Vaal Triangle Airshed Priority Area: AQMP gazetted and under

implementation– Highveld Priority Area: AQMP gazetted and under implementation– Waterberg-Bojanala Priority Area: (precautionary declaration) and

AQMP and Threat Assessment under development

• Main Sources of Pollution in the Priority Areas– Industrial Emissions (various industrial complexes) – APPA consequences– Domestic Burning of Dirty Fuels in highly populated areas– Mining Operations– Vehicle Emissions

Emissions Management

• Industrial Emissions:– S21 listed activities and associated minimum emission standards established in

2010 and amendment almost completed– Atmospheric Emissions Licensing – focused management of industrial pollution– S23 – declaration of Small Boilers as Controlled Emitters

• Domestic Burning– Draft Strategy has been developed– Stakeholder consultation to be held by November 2013

• Vehicle Emissions– Draft Strategy has been developed and is being finalised– Stakeholder consultation has been held

• Mining Dust– Regulations for the control of dust: developed– Consultation completed and regulations being finalised

SO2 national annual averaged

PM10 national annual averaged

1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 20120

10

20

30

40

50

90th-10th Percentile NAAQS SO

2

National average SO2

Median SO2

SO

2 con

cent

ratio

ns (

ppb)

Year

1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012

20

40

60

80

90th- 10th percentile of annual PM10

averages

NAAQS PM10

Average of stations annual PM10

averages

Median of station annual PM10

averages

PM

10 c

once

ntra

tions

(g

/m3)

Year

NAQI

SO2, PM10NAAQS

1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 20120.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

PM10 SO

2

PM

10-S

O2 r

atio

s n

orm

alis

ed t

o N

AA

QS

Year

1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 20120.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

Nat

ion

al I

nd

icat

or

(PM

10-S

O2)

Year

NATIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE RESPONSE POLICY

• Overview of approach to implementation

• Key priorities

Mobilise resources

Build science platform

Raise Awareness

Mobilise resources

Build science platform

Raise Awareness

Towards a national response to climate change

• Extensive work is underway, across government and other organisations. Key issue is to organise, achieve coherence, monitor impact and move towards a collective national response

• Towards a national response: – Adaptation: Programmes need to use a common set of

climate scenarios, and likely impact scenarios, and build in systems for scaling up, and for monitoring impact & outcome

– Mitigation: Programmes need to contribute to a single agreed set of desired emission reduction outcomes (DEROs); and contribute to single system for measuring outcome (emission reductions)

– Monitoring and evaluation: coherent system to monitor outcome of collective response

– A finance and technology platform– Skills building programme

11

AdaptationPOLICY REQUIREMENTS DELIVERABLES THIS YEAR

Climate risk analysis on sectoral plans, resulting in:

(i) identification and prioritisation of key short and medium term adaptation interventions;

(ii) identification of adaptation responses that require co-ordination between specific sectors and / or departments”  Methodology to downscale climate information and impact assessments to specific geographical areas to be developed

• Consensus climate change scenarios for SA.

• Climate Change Impact Scenarios for key sectors

• Adaptation response options and opportunities for key sectors (water, agriculture, biodiversity, health), and cross-sectoral adaptation needs

• Potential climate change impacts on infrastructure (co-ordinated by Treasury)

• Economic modelling of impacts costs and avoided damages of adaptation

• Policy review to support policy alignment (policy elements that support / constrain adaptation)

• Plans and projects by provincial and local government 12

MitigationPOLICY REQUIREMENTS DELIVERABLES THIS YEAR

Desired emission reduction outcomes will be defined  The optimal combination of mitigation measures (including carbon budgets) to be drawn up, to achieve the DEROs. Such measures must have the least cost to- and the greatest sustainable development benefits for the relevant sector and or national economy.

• Report that develops the reference case for GHG emission projections to 2050;

• Possible emission reduction pathways per sector, based on identified mitigation opportunities

• Assessment of wider socio-economic and environmental impacts (costs and benefits)

• 2050 calculator which demonstrates different pathways of emissions over coming decades

• National sinks assessment

• Policy review and mainstreaming of mitigation measures in existing policy /strategy and gaps;

• Discussion document that links instrument measures for achieving emission reductions, to the potential for reducing emissions and achieving SA’s DEROs

13

Monitoring and reportingPOLICY REQUIREMENTS DELIVERABLES THIS YEAR

A draft climate change response monitoring and evaluation system will be designed and published The emissions inventory will be a web-based GHG emission reporting system and will form part of the National Atmospheric Emission Inventory component of SAAQIS. It will be developed, tested and commissioned

• Launch of the GHG inventory: 2000 – 2010

• Description of the climate change response monitoring and evaluation system

• National climate change response database

• Key indicators for the transition to a lower carbon and climate resilient economy, drawn from the existing national policy framework

14

CC response flagshipsPOLICY REQUIREMENTS DELIVERABLES THIS YEAR

A framework for implementation of the flagship programmes:; including: •A programme for implementation•A detailed analysis of mitigation or adaptation outcomes expected•A proposal for realising local sustainable development benefits•A well-defined reporting format, to include a set of relevant indicators, and a proposal to establish an annual reporting process

Launch of the accreditation system for the national climate change response flagship programme.  Frameworks for the implementation of following climate change response flagship programmes: waste management, adaptation research, and public works flagship programmes.  Showcasing of climate change response flagship projects by government, and stakeholders.  

15

Coordination by Department of Environmental AffairsImplementation

of NCCRP

Technical Working Group on Mitigation

Technical Working Group on Adaptation

Technical Working Group on Monitoring &

EvaluationTask Teams

Transport Energy Industry AFOLU Waste

Approach to Implementation

Communications events this year• National Air Quality Management Lekgotla: focusing on air quality governance

• National Climate Services Workshop: The South African Weather Service in partnership with DEA and WMO: 19 - 22 August 2013, Pretoria. Exploratory workshop focussing on how to consolidate climate change information and services.

• IPCC SREX National Outreach Event, South Africa: The DEA, IPCC, SAWS, NDMC, Academia, will host the IPCC SREX National Outreach Event, October 2013. Focuses on how integrating expertise in climate science, disaster risk management, and adaptation can inform discussions on reducing and managing risks of extreme events

• Launch of the climate change response toolkit and guide that aims to support the integration of climate change response into municipal development planning tools such as IDP and municipal sector plan

• Roundtable on mitigation: focussing on approach to the development of the desired emission reduction outcomes and measures to achieve DEROs

Thank You