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HERITAGE REPORT: REASONS FOR HERITAGE DESIGNATION
21 Brisdale Drive (formerly 1120 Bovaird Drive West) – The Nathaniel Hunter House
Brampton Heritage Board Date: September 21, 2010
Prepared by: Antonietta Minichillo, Heritage Coordinator;
co-authored by Stavroula Kassaris Planning, Design & Development
Urban Design Section Corporation of the City of Brampton, City Hall
2 Wellington Street West Brampton, Ontario L6Y 4R2
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PROFILE OF SUBJECT PROPERTY:
ROLL NUMBER 10-06-0-003-06600-0000
PIN NUMBER 142542604
MUNICIPAL ADDRESS 21 Brisdale Drive (formerly 1120 Bovaird Drive W)
WARD NUMBER 6
LEGAL DESCRIPTION CON 3 WHS PT LOT 11
SECONDARY PLAN 44
PROPERTY NAME The Nathaniel Hunter House
CURRENT OWNER Brisdale Plaza Inc
CRITERIA GRADE A
CURRENT ZONING
OWNER CONCURRENCE? Yes / No
CURRENT USES AND FUNCTIONS
Vacant
PREVIOUS OWNERS AND OCCUPANTS
Hunter Family
CONSTRUCTION OR CREATION DATE
c. 1850
RESOURCES ON SUBJECT PROPERTY INCLUDED IN DESIGNATION (circle)
Building Cemetery-Burial site Structure-object
Historic site Cultural heritage landscape
RELEVANT COUNCIL RESOLUTIONS
Council Resolution HB054-2005: “that the development of a proactive strategy to ensure heritage designation of all
Category A heritage resources be endorsed”
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1.0 REASONS FOR HERITAGE DESIGNATION:
The property at 21 Brisdale Drive (formerly 1120 Bovaird Drive W), also known as the Nathaniel Hunter House, is worthy of designation under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act for its cultural heritage value or interest. The property meets the criteria for designation prescribed by Province of Ontario (regulation 9/06) under the three categories of design or physical value, historical value and contextual value.
1.1 STATEMENT EXPLAINING THE CULTURAL HERITAGE VALUE OR INTEREST OF THE PROPERTY
The cultural heritage value of the Nathaniel Hunter House is related to its design or physical value as a Georgian, Classic Revival House from the early Victorian period. The Georgian style was popular from 1750 to 1850. Georgian style homes are characterized by simplicity, symmetry, and solidarity. They are typically five bay homes with sash windows, cornice embellishments, and dentil molding along the eaves. The main entrance is usually centered, paneled, with a decorative crown and flattened columns on both sides. They reflected the larger, more elaborate houses that were being built in England. The Classic Revival style gained prominence in 1820 to 1860. Like the Georgian style, the Classic Revival style is known for its symmetry and elegant simplicity of form. It embraced classical Greek forms and occasional Roman influences.
Built circa 1850, the Nathaniel Hunter House is located on land that has been used for agricultural purposes since the early 19th century. The house is distinguished by its unobscured gable roofline, all original and existing eave, verge, soffit and frieze board trim work, the original exterior brickwork, and especially the Flemish bond. Brickwork on the front and east facades indicates that these walls were for presentation to impress visitors coming up the lane from the road which is now Bovaird Drive West.
The property also has historical or associative value as it can be associated with Brampton’s early settlers, particularly the Hunter family. According to the Perkins Bull Collection, James Hunter was an early Peel County pioneer, who arrived in Upper Canada in 1836 from County Tyrone, Ireland, and settled on the outskirts of Derry West. He purchased land for his sons Nathaniel, Joseph, and William who become well-known farmers in the early history of the community of Mount Pleasant, the Town of Brampton, Chinguacousy Township and Peel County. The structure is the only remaining example of three houses built in the mid-Victorian period by a member of the Hunter family.
Timothy Street received the Crown Patent for 200 acres of Lot 11, Concession 3 West, Chinguacousy Township, in January 1820. Serena Flagler bought the west half and Lucina Mow the east half from Street in 1835. James Hunter acquired both the east and west half in 1836. In 1840, son Joseph Hunter bought the west half of Lot 11 while son Nathaniel Hunter bought the east half of Lot 11. The Chinguacousy Assessment Roll (1843) and Inhabitants of York County (1850) specify Nathaniel Hunter on Lot 11, Concession 3. The present brick house appears to
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have been built in the 1840s since the Census Return (1851) records Nathaniel and Margaret Hunter and their two children as residents of a two storey brick house. Tremaine's map (1859) notes Nathaniel Hunter as the owner of the east half of Lot 11. A Free Church was noted on the Tremaine Map in the southwest corner of the east half of Lot 11.The Census Return (1861) states that Nathaniel and Margaret Hunter and five children occupied a two storey brick house on Lot 11, Concession 3W.The Chinguacousy Township map in the Illustrated Historical Atlas (1877) indicates Nathaniel Hunter as the owner of the property. A building is shown in the location of the present brick house. Nathaniel died in 1878 leaving the east half of Lot 11 to his son John Henry Hunter.
The Hunter family continued to own the farmstead into the 20th century. The property at 21 Brisdale Drive (formerly 1120 Bovaird Drive W – historic Highway 7) is one of three farmhouses built by the Hunter brothers in the Mount Pleasant area. The two storey brick houses of Joseph (10031 Creditview Road, now demolished) and Nathaniel Hunter were similar in their Classical Revival style and design. A third brother William Hunter owned a farm at 1337 Highway 7 (now demolished).
The property also holds important contextual value. The property is directly associated with the early settlement of Brampton and its rich agricultural legacy. While the agricultural landscape and farming fields around the Nathaniel Hunter house have vanished, the house still has contextual value as it is being preserved in situ and retains its physical relationship to the historical Highway 7. The setback of the house alludes to the agricultural functions that once dominated the area.
The statement explaining the cultural heritage value or interest of the property, including a description of the heritage attributes of the property along with all other components of the Heritage Report: Statement of Reasons for Heritage Designation, constitute the "reason for heritage designation" required under the Ontario Heritage Act.
1.2 DESCRIPTION OF THE HERITAGE ATTRIBUTES OF THE PROPERTY:
Unless otherwise indicated, the reason for designation apply generally to all exterior elevations, facades, foundation, roof and roof trim, all doors, windows, other structural openings and associated trim, all architectural detailing, construction materials of wood, stone, brick, plaster parging, metal and glazing and related building techniques, fencing, all trees, shrubs, hedgerows, other vegetation and the grounds and vistas generally.
To ensure that the cultural heritage value of this property is conserved, certain heritage attributes that contribute to its value have been identified specifically and they include:
Original form of the 1850 Georgian and Classical Revival house 2-storeys, 5 bays wide Reasonably unobscured view of the house from Bovaird Drive and from Brisdale Drive
(indicated on proposed Site Plan) Unobscured gable roofline All original and existing eave, verge, soffit and frieze board trim work Original exterior brickwork, and especially the Flemish bond
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The exterior walls have been constructed with red clay brick which appears to be hand pressed as there are unique wrinkles in the face of each brick
Fieldstone foundation wall Original and existing wood sash window units Original and existing wood doors (exterior and interior) All original and existing interior window and door trim work All original and existing baseboards and wood floors Centre stairway with railing on main and upper floors The structure is the only remaining example of three houses built in the mid-Victorian period
by a member of the Hunter family, direct descendents of well-known pioneering farmers in the early history of the community of Mount Pleasant, the Town of Brampton, Chinguacousy Township and Peel County.
Associated with the agricultural settlement of the area Setback indicates the agricultural history of the area Evidence of a thriving and stable agricultural population Directly associated with the early settlement of Brampton
2.0 GENERAL PROPERTY DESCRIPTION:
The subject property is rectangular in shape. The frontage is 354.58 feet.
The plan of the principal structure is a simple rectangular shape.
The principal elevation (main façade) is emphasized by the following elements: red brick, 5 bay windows, gable roof, eave, verge, soffit and frieze board trim work.
Landscaping elements include: a landscape inventory assessment deemed the vegetation on the lot unhealthy, and as a result, the vegetation was removed.
Adjacent property features include: residential to the north, south and east; commercial to the west.
3.0 HERITAGE EVALUATION / CRITERIA NOTE:
The subject property meets the criteria for designation prescribed by the Province of Ontario under Ontario Heritage Act Regulation 9/06.
The property was listed in the Municipal Register of Cultural Heritage Resources in the 1990s. It was rated a Category A.
4.0 POLICY FRAMEWORK
In the context of land use planning, the Province of Ontario has declared that the wise use and management of Ontario’s cultural heritage resources is a key provincial interest.
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A set of Provincial Policy Statements (PPS) provides planning policy direction on matters of provincial interest in Ontario. These statements set the policy framework for regulating the development and use of land. The current set of policies was last reviewed in 2005. At that time the cultural heritage policies were strengthened considerably.
The relevant heritage policy statement is PPS 2.6.1, which states that: “significant built heritage resources and significant cultural heritage landscapes shall be conserved”.
PPS 2.6.1 is tied to Section 3 of the Ontario Planning Act which stipulates that land use planning decisions by municipalities “shall be consistent with” the Provincial Policy Statements.
The policy is also integrated with the Ontario Heritage Act. This piece of legislation grants municipalities powers to preserve locally significant cultural heritage resources through heritage designation. Decisions as to whether a property should be designated heritage or not is based solely on its inherent cultural heritage value or interest.
City Council prefers to designate heritage properties with the support of property owners. However, Council will designate a property proactively, without the concurrence of a property owner as required. These principles are reflected in Brampton’s Official Plan. The relevant policies are as follows:
4.9.1.3: All significant heritage resources shall be designated as being of cultural heritage value or interest in accordance with the Ontario Heritage Act to help ensure effective protection and their continuing maintenance, conservation and restoration.
4.9.1.5: Priority will be given to designating all heritage cemeteries and all Class A heritage resources in the Cultural Heritage Resources Register under the Ontario Heritage Act.
4.9.1.6: The City will give immediate consideration to the designation of any heritage resource under the Ontario Heritage Act if that resource is threatened with demolition, significant alterations or other potentially adverse impacts.
These principles are also guided by recognized best practices in the field of heritage conservation in Ontario and in Brampton’s Heritage Program.
Council Resolution HB054-2005:
The following recommendation from the Brampton Heritage Board Meeting of April 19, 2005 was approved by Planning, Design and Development Committee on May 2, 2005 and by Council on May 9, 2005: “that the development of a proactive strategy to ensure heritage designation of all Category A heritage resources be endorsed.”
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5.0 ALTERATION HISTORYAND HERITAGE INTEGRITY NOTE:
5.1 Recommended Restoration Measures:
The following recommendations for future restoration and conservation are included for information purposes only. They are provided for the benefit of present and future property owners. These recommendations are non-binding. Property owners are under no obligation to restore any lost or missing attributes or features. The following recommendations for restorations were included in the HIA prepared by Robinson Heritage Consulting (2008).
The most significant view of the Nathaniel Hunter House is of the front and northeast facades as one approaches using the former farm laneway; therefore, it should remain unobstructed. General repairs to the 1850 Nathaniel Hunter House should include: Roof should be stripped of all failed shingle material and replaced with either cedar shingles
or a man-made material which mimics well the colour, profile and appearance of a weathered wood shingle roof
All eaves, verge, soffits and frieze board materials be repaired or replaced with same materials, profiles and finishes
Exterior brickwork and mortar joints to be repaired, replaced, re-pointed and made good to match the colour, profile and style of the original
Repair holes in stone foundation walls and redirect rain and ground water flow at grade level to make a dry basement
If the HVAC system does not require chimney ventilation and if it can be determined that the original brickwork of the southwest gable wall can be made good, the consultant recommends that the owner remove the later red brick chimney stack and shaft from west wall of main house
Restore the original common bond and half-round attic window on west wall Ventilate the HVAC system through corbelled red brick chimney shafts recreated above
inner wall peaks of east and west walls
The existing wood sash windows of the Nathaniel Hunter House have 2-over-2 panes which is not common for houses built in the 1850s. Window openings of this size from the mid-Victorian period would have had smaller panes arranged in either a 6/6, 6/8 or 8/8 pattern. The sashes may have been changed when the brick addition was made in the late 1890s as the windows in the tail additions also have the 2/2 pane arrangement.
All efforts should be made to retain the existing wood sash windows and double glazing may be achieved by have traditional wood storm sashes made or by installing interior storm windows.
Any proposed wall signage, ground signage or lighting of the Hunter House should be in keeping with the heritage character of the house and not be internally lit.
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The louvered exterior window shutters should be gathered, repaired and measured so that replacements can be made to match these originals.
6.0 HERITAGE EASEMENT:
The City requires access to the property by way of an easement in order to ensure that the building is being maintained, therefore, an access easement will be created prior to the release of the approved site plan. Following the formal designation of the property, a Heritage Easement Agreement under Section 37 of the Ontario Heritage Act will be entered into prior to the release of any securities.
7.0 RARITY NOTE:
This is the last standing home in Brampton built by the Hunter family. There are no other homes in the area that are similar in character. The interior and exterior are in an good states of preservation.
8.0 NOTE ON ARCHAEOLOGICAL POTENTIAL:
None.
9.0 EXCLUSIONS:
There are no exclusions to the scope of designation. The reasons for designation apply generally to all exterior elevations, facades, foundation, roof and roof trim, all entrances, windows, structural openings and associated trim, all architectural detailing, construction materials of wood, stone, brick, plaster parging, metal and glazing, their related building techniques, all interior spaces detailing and finishes, along with all contextual and landscaping features as cited.
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10.0 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS:
Robinson Heritage Consulting Group Ltd.
Abstract Deeds, Vol.1 1820-1865, Vol. B. 1866-1914, Vol. C; Chinguacousy Township, Peel Co., Lot 11 Concession 3 West.
Blumenson, John. OntarioArchitecture 1784 to the Present (Toronto: Fitzhenry & Whiteside, 1990.
Census Return, Chinguacousy Township, Peel County, 1851 [Part 4, p. 231]; 1861 [District 2, p. 41].
City of Brampton. City of Brampton Evaluation Worksheet for Built Heritage Features (May 2004)
City of Brampton. Criteria for Determining Cultural Heritage Value or Interest (2005). A City of Brampton publication based upon the Ontario Heritage Act Regulation 9/06, “Criteria for Determining Cultural Heritage Value or Interest”.
City of Brampton. Summary of Historical Associations for Purposes of Inventory Evaluation, City of Brampton (January 2001)
Crowder, Norman. Inhabitants of York County, Ontario 1850. 1988 rpt. Toronto Branch Ontario Genealogical Society, 1992.
Pope. J. H. Illustrated Historical Atlas of the County of Peel. Toronto: Walker & Miles, 1877. Perkins Bull Collection, MS 515, Reel 132 (Hunter).
Speers, Jan and Mann Trudy. "Index to the 1843 Chinguacousy Assessment Roll", People of Peel Indexes to Genealogical Source Materials. Mississauga, 1981.
Tremaine, George R. Tremaine's Map of the County of Peel, Canada West. Toronto: C.R. & C. M. Tremaine, 1859.
Unterman McPhail Cuming Associates. Fletcher’s Meadow: Cultural Heritage Resource Inventory Built Heritage Features (June 1996)
Unterman McPhail Associates. City of Brampton Heritage Resources Inventory, Field Survey: Built Heritage Features (24 August 2000)
Unterman McPhail Associates. Person/Groups of Significance in Brampton (Preliminary Draft) (October 2000)
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11.0 LOCATION MAPS:
21 Brisdale Drive (formerly 1120 Bovaird Drive W) - Nathaniel
Hunter House
21 Brisdale Drive (formerly 1120 Bovaird
Drive W) - Nathaniel Hunter House
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12.0 IMAGES:
Detail of the Mount Pleasant area showing Nathaniel Hunter house and farm (from Tremaine’s Map of the County Peel. Toronto: George R. Tremaine, 1859)
A portion of the Chinguacousy Township map that also shows the Hunter properties (from Illustrated Historical Atlas of the County of Peel, Toronto: Walker & Miles, 1877)
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Image 1: Georgian Style home - 303 Main St Image 2: Georgian Style home – Bovaird House
Image 3: Joseph Hunter's house - built in 1857, and later named 'Pleasant Mount Farm' (right), and Jimmie Archdekin outside the front door in September 1953 (left)
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Image 4: Front facade of 21 Brisdale Drive (formerly 1120 Bovaird Drive W) with vegetation
Image 5: View of Nathaniel Hunter House from the street, with former farm laneway on the right
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Image 6: Front facade of 21 Brisdale Drive (formerly 1120 Bovaird Drive W)
Image 7: North addition and tail
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Image 8: North addition and tail
Image 9: Original eave, verge, soffit and frieze board trim work; wood sash windows; exterior brickwork (red clay brick, Flemish bond)
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Image 10: Interior view of main entrance
Image 11: Main stairway
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Image 12: Interior door with trims intact
Image 13: Interior door and windows with trim intact, original wood floor
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Image 14: Flooded basement with at least 1.5 feet of water with ice on the surface
Image 15: 21 Brisdale Drive (formerly 1120 Bovaird Drive W) with vegetation removed and residential development to the north and east
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Image 16: 21 Brisdale Drive (formerly 1120 Bovaird Drive W) Landscape Plan
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Image 17: 21 Brisdale Drive (formerly 1120 Bovaird Drive W) Planting Concept
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