Braingate Ppt

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BRAINGATE NEURAL-

INTERFACE SYSTEM

BY

www.tricksworld.net.tc



Introduction

• BrainGate is a brain implant system developed bythe bio-tech company Cyberkinetics in 2003 inconjunction with the Department of Neuroscience

at Brown University.

• Purpose:The system is to help those who have

lost control of their limbs, or other bodily functions, such as patients with spinal cord injuryto operate various gadgets such as TV, computer ,lights, fan etc..



Scope:

• During paralysis the brain generates the signals

but these signals do not reach the intended

muscles. Hence the muscles do not react and thus

no movement is observed. A solution to this

problem can be a direct interaction between the

brain and appliance. Thus no muscle movement is

required to get the work done. The brain can

directly do it. The user must only be equipped withthis braingate system.



A Brief history

• The braingate is the culmination of 10 years of research inthe laboratory of Dr.John Donoghue, who is the chair manof the Neuroscience Department at Brown University and

chief scientific officer for cyberkinetics. He studied the functioning of braingate in monkeys and proved that theywere able to control a curser on a computer monitor withtheir thoughts.

• They have not only demonstrated in preclinical studies that

braingate can remain safely implanted in the (monkey)brain for at least two years, but have shown that it cansafely be removed as well.



Working

• The braingate neural interface device is a

propriety brain-computer interface that consist of

an inter neural signal sensor and external processors that convert neural signals into an

output signal under the users own control. The

sensor consists of a tiny chip smaller than a baby

aspirin, with one hundred electrode sensors eachthinner than a hair that detect brain cell electrical

activity.





• The chip: A 4-millimeter square silicon chip studded with 100 hair-thinmicroelectrodes is embedded in the primary motor cortex – the region of the brainresponsible for controllingmovement

• The connector: When the user thinks “move cursor upand down”, the cortical neurons fire in a distinctive

pattern: the signal is transmitted through the pedestal plugattached to the skull

The components in this system



• The converter: The signal travels to a shoebox-

sized amplifier mounted on the user’s wheelchair,

where it’s converted to optical data and bounced by fiber-optic cable to a computer.

• The computer: The computer translates brain

activity and creates the communication output

using custom decoding software.



HOW INFORMATION IS

TRANSMITTED?

• When a work is done through any part of

body then a potential difference is created

in the brain.

• This potential difference is captured by the

electrodes and is transmitted via fiber optic

to the digitizer.



• The digitizer converts the signal into some 0’s and

1’s and that is feed into the computer.

• Thus a new path for propagation of braincommands from the brain to the computer via

braingate are created.

• Now when external devices are connected to the

computer ,then they work according to the thought

produced in the motor cortex.





HOW DIFFICULT IS THIS

SURGERY • Surgeon makes craniotomy that’s the

diameter of a 50-cent piece.

• The sensor is implanted in the region that

issues command to the arms

• The whole surgical procedure takes two and

half hour.



APPLICATION

• Turn on or off the lights

• Control robotic arm

• Watch and control television

• Use the pc

•

Locking or unlocking doors• Motorized wheelchair



ADVANTAGES

• Controlling remote devices

• Making and receiving telephone calls

• Accessing the internet.



DISADVANTAGES

• Expensive

• Risky Surgery

• Not Wireless yet



FUTURE SCOPE

• Current new advances include asecond-generation interfacesoftware M*Power controller that will enable users to performa wide variety of daily activitieswithout assistances of technician.

• Smaller ,wireless device .

• The user will have an improved control of respiratory system, limb withmuscle stimulation or robotics.



Conclusion

• Cyberkinetics is further developing the braingatesystem to potentially provide movement to peoplewith severe motor disabilities.

• This remarkable breakthrough offers hope that people who are paralyzed will one day be able toindependently operate artificial limbs,wheelchairs.

• Next generation products may be able to providean individual with the control device that allowbreathing , limb movements.



Thank U..



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